FREIRE Ricardo, ZUNIGA Xavier

National and International flights

Technical University of Ambato
Nowadays, the air transportation is essential for the development of societies. Millions of
people travel from one place to another motivated by many reasons or goals willing to be
achieved. Moreover, this way of transportation connects people, countries and cultures.
It supplies the access to the global markets around the globe and it provides benefits to
the international commerce and tourism. So, in this research we explain about local and
international flights.

Aviation technology was developed during World War I, with aviation between the
World Wars seeing the development of international commercial flights. There was a
combination of aircraft types which included airships and airplanes. The first airline to
operate international flights was Chalk's Ocean Airways, established 1917, which
operated scheduled seaplane services from Florida to the Bahamas. The first regular
international service in the world was covered by the British Aircraft Transport and
Travel, from Hounslow Heath Aerodrome to Le Bourget, near Paris. (Doganis, 2005)

We think that mainly, the development of aviation has helped to the tourism industry
because people are able to go to a foreign country comfortably and appreciate the pleasure
of traveling. (Huang, 2008)

After World War II, international commercial flights were regulated by the creation of
the International Air Transport Association and the International Civil Aviation
Organization. (Doganis, 2005)

According to that, it is well known that this organization has been developing global
commercial standards upon which the air transport industry was built. We know that its
ambition is to assist airlines by simplifying processes and increasing passenger
convenience while reducing costs and improving efficiency. (IATA , 2018)

A domestic flight is a form of commercial flight within civil aviation where the departure
and the arrival take place in the same country. Airports serving domestic flights only are
known as domestic airports. (TUNG, 2005).

Accusing this factor, we know there are airports that are not allowed to operate
international flights because of their size or all about the parameters of quality they need
to have in order to arrange normal air operations compared with international standards
or rules.
To expand this research, domestic flights are generally cheaper and shorter than most
international flights. Some international flights may be cheaper than domestic ones due
to the short distance between the pair of cities in different countries (Dunlap, 2011).

An important difference between international and domestic flights is that,

before boarding the aircraft, passengers must undergo migration formalities and, when
arriving to the destination airport, they must undergo both immigration
and customs formalities, unless both the departure and arrival countries are members of
the same free travel area, such as the Schengen Area. (Nwanna, 2004).

Now we focus on the emphasis of the Schengen zone, this area has 26 European states
that have abolished passport and all kind of border controls at their mutual borders.
Generally these states have a common visa policy.

Finally, national and international flights transport more than 2,200 million passengers
per year and 44 million tons of cargo. The total value of goods transported by air
represents 35% of international trade. Air transport is essential for tourism, which is a
very important driver of economic growth, especially in developing economies. More
than 40% of international tourism now travels by air. Globally, this industry generates
32 million jobs. In addition, its economic impact is estimated to be equivalent to 7.5%
of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Restrepo, 2009).

References
Doganis, R. (2005). Flying off Course. The Economics of International, 50-66.
Dunlap, W. (2011). Secrets of traveling the world for less than the cost of living at home
. Bloomintong : authorhouse .
Huang, S. (2008). Travel Motivation: a critical review of the concept's development .
Australia : CAB international.
IATA . (2018). International Air Transport Association. Obtenido de IATA.ORG
Nwanna, G. (2004). Americans traveling abroad, what you should know before
traveling . Baltimore: Library of Congress.
Restrepo, A. M. (2 de marzo de 2009). Importance of air transportation. elmundo.com.
TUNG, C.-Y. (2005). CROSS-STRAIT CHARTER FLIGHTS ARRANGEMENT.
UNISSCI DISCUSSION PAPERS, 199-202.