CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

 CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

Oxidizing agent to support combustion

1
In order to understand how fire
2 2
1
extinguishers
3 work, For combustion occur, materials
must be heated sufficiently to
produce vapors.

you first need to know a little3

about combustion…
What burns

Molecules of a flammable material

contain stored energy. 4
4
When they are heated to a certain point,
they react with oxygen, releasing that
energy in the form of heat.
 CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

Portable fire
extinguishers store 1 Remove the oxygen

2
specific extinguishing2
1 3 Cool the burning material

agents which “attack”

3 Remove the fuel
one or more of the
4
elements
4
of fire Break the chain reaction
 CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

The selection of portable fire extinguishers is based

primarily on the type of fire most likely to be encountered
in the building/facility/area.

ORDINARY Paper
Wood
COMBUSTIBLE Cardboard
MATERIALS Plastic

Gasoline, oil
FLAMMABLE OR
Grease, tar
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS, Lacquer
GASES & GREASE Gases
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

Energized
ELECTRICAL electrical
EQUIPMENT equipment

Magnesium
COMBUSTIBLE sodium
METALS potassium
titanium

Fires involving
combustible vegetable or
COOKING animal non-saturated
OILS cooking fats in commercial
cooking equipment
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

HEAT: Cools burning material

Agent: Air pressurized water

ORDINARY
COMBUSTIBLE
MATERIALS
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

CHAIN REACTION: It prevents the chemical

reactions involving heat, fuel, and oxygen and stops
the production of fire sustaining "free-radicals“.
Agent: Monoammonium phosphate (corrosive)

ORDINARY
COMBUSTIBLE
MATERIALS

FLAMMABLE OR
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS,
GASES & GREASE

ENERGIZED
ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

CHAIN REACTION: It prevents the chemical

reactions involving heat, fuel, and oxygen and stops
the production of fire sustaining "free-radicals“.
Made of one of these agents:
* Sodium bicarbonate
•Potassium bicarbonate
(purple K, preferred in the oil and gas industry)

FLAMMABLE OR
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS,
GASES & GREASE

ENERGIZED
ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

HEAT: Agents remove heat from the combustion zone

*** HALON 1211 and HALON 1301 were banned from new
production as of January 1, 1994 as their properties contribute
to ozone depletion
AGENT: Halocarbon based HCFC 123 (dichlorotrifluoroethane,
Halotron I)

ORDINARY
COMBUSTIBLE
MATERIALS

FLAMMABLE OR
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS,
GASES & GREASE

ENERGIZED
ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

OXYGEN: Clean gaseous agent which

displaces oxygen, does not leave any
residue after discharge which is ideal for
sensitive electronics and documents.

FLAMMABLE OR
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS,
GASES & GREASE

ENERGIZED
ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT
Do not use it on a person on fire,
it may displace the oxygen
needed for breathing, causing
suffocation
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

OXYGEN: The agent forms an oxygen-excluding

crust over the metal
HEAT: The agent dissipates the heat
AGENTS:
*Sodium chloride (Useful on most alkali metals –
sodium, potassium- and other metals like
magnesium, titanium, aluminum and zirconium)
•Copper based (used on hard to control lithium and
lithium alloy fires)
•Graphite based (used on magnesium fires)
•Sodium carbonate based (used on sodium
,potassium and sodium-potassium alloy fires)

COMBUSTIBLE
METALS
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

OXYGEN: The agent forms a soapy foam blanket

over the burning oil
HEAT: The agent cools the oil below its ignition
temperature
* It can also be used for class A fires

AGENT:
Potassium acetate

COOKING
OILS
 CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

Make sure that… Seal

Fire extinguishers are not Locking pin
Discharge lever
blocked by equipment, coats or
other objects that could interfere Pressure gauge
with access in an emergency. (not found on CO2)
Carrying
handle
The pressure is at the
recommended level.

The nozzle or other parts are not Inspection tag

obstructed.

The pin and tamper seal (if it has Discharge hose

one) are intact.
Data plate
There are no dents, leaks, rust,
chemical deposits and other
signs of abuse/wear. Discharge nozzle

Wipe off any chemicals, oil, etc.

 CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

Type A: a number 1 indicates that the extinguisher has the fire-fighting

ability of 1.25 gallons of water.

Type B: the number indicates the number of square feet of burning

material that the typical user should be able to put out with the
extinguisher.

Type C: there are no ratings for this type of fires.

Example: 2-A:10-B:C on Class A fires, it will be as effective as 2.5

gallons of water. It can be used in a area of 10 sq. feet on class B. It
can be used on class C fires (no area specified)
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

 CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training

P A S S

Pull the pin Aim at the base Squeeze the Sweep from
of the fire lever slowly side to side
CBI Emergency Response Team – Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project

Portable Fire Extinguisher Training