Geometría proyectiva

OMM 2015

To clarify jayme's solution...

We claim that . Performing an inversion about with

radius and reflecting about the angle-
bisector, and (where is the midpoint of ) so
that since inversion preserves cross ratio (of
course, you can prove this lemma by direct computation, but I think this is the fastest
way).

Projecting from onto line gives

which implies that is the midpoint
of and , so reflecting back over gives us what we wanted.

IMO SL 1995

Let intersect at , and let intersect at . Now are

concurrent, and so .
Again, are concurrent, and thus . So we must
have . Thus are concurrent.

Now and we are done

CHINA TST 2002
Let
Then, since is a harmonic pencil, so
is that is

Since
is the angle bisector of

Consider
and are isogonal lines with respect to .
By Isogonal Line Lemma,
since and ,
are isogonal lines with respect to
i.e.

JBMO 2007 ROMANIAN TST

Denote the points ,
, and .

In , we observe that the lines , and are concurrent, if and only if,
the division is harmonic.

Since the quadrilateral is cyclic, , which is

equivalent to

Due to the similarity of the triangles and , we have

that , so , which by using , it is

equivalent with , i.e. the division is harmonic.

APMO 2012
Let line intersect the circumcircle at , and let line intersect the
circumcircle at .

Since is parallel to , we have that the pencil is

harmonic.

Intersecting this pencil at the circumcircle we get that the quadrilateral is

harnomic.

then the pencil is harmonic.

Intersecting this pencil at the circumcircle we get that the quadrilateral ABFC is

harmonic. So . Thus we are done.

IMO 2004 SL

I like the problem very much .

Let be the second point of intersection between and the circle , and
let . A very simple computation, based on the fact
that and is the midpoint of will show
that is, in fact, the harmonic conjugate of art , so it belongs to .

is a harmonic quadrilateral, so , and

since , so as well, we get , as
desired.
IMO 2010 GENERALIAZADO
PROBLEM Given a triangle , with as its incenter and as its
circumcircle, intersects again at . Let be a point on the arc , and a

point on the segment , such that . If is the

midpoint of , prove that the meeting point of the lines and lies on .
SOLUTION

Evidently I remember projective geometry but not similar triangles...

Let line , , . By Pascal's

Theorem on , we see that . Setting as the -excenter:
implying
that is the reflection of over , whence homothety at finishes the
problem.

IMO 2005 SL
The problem can be solved using almost exclusively harmonic ratios. Let be
the points of tangency of the incircle to the triangle, and the incenter. Now if is the
point on at infinity, then , so by projecting onto from
, we have that , where is the intersection of the line
through parallel to and , is the intersection of and . This means
that lies on the pole of . But also lies on the pole of , so it is in fact the pole
of , which makes . are thus reflections of in
, so are collinear.

Since lies on the polar of , we know that . Projecting

from onto yields that , where is on and
. Finally, project these four harmonic points onto from to show
that ,which makes the midpoint of .

3.3 PROBLEMS

RUMANIA TST 2004

is on and , which are the polars of and respectively (wrt the

incircle). This means that is the polar of .In the same way we find that is
the polar of , so must be the pole of , so (it's
well-known that the polar of a point wrt a circle is perpendicular to the line joining the
point to the center of the circle).

IRAN TST 2007

Another "projective" solution, a little simpler from the one bilarev gave, should be by
considering the midpoint of , and denote .

Because is a trapezium, we have that are collinear

and form a harmonical division.

Now because is a circumscribe quadrilateral from the Newton theorem, we

have that , thus is a harmonical division, and now by
intersecting it with we have that is a h.div,
where and .

But because is the polar of , we have that is a h.div,

where . Thus , but now is trivially tangent to
, because is the polar of , thus the point , is the place where the
second tangent cuts the circle, thus is tangent to .
APMO 2016 PLOBLEMA 3

Let be the infinity point on From we get the second tangent

from to is parallel to so from the converse of Brianchon's theorem for
the degenerate hexagon we conclude that is tangent to
USA TSTST 2016
My solutions:
We have (well-known). Let , and
let .
We have are concurent at point is the radical center
of .
Becaues is othorcenter of .
We have .
We have .
So, . DONE

OIM 2016
 Let be a triangle, the tangents by and meet at , let be a
point in the arc . If , and is the
midpoint of is cyclic

It's well-know is the -symmedian

of , on the other hand
since is cyclic
. Finally
hence then is cyclic

Let then by lemma is cyclic. Since is the -

symmedian of , since is the -symmedian
of . Let
since is cyclic we
get
, but
is cyclic
. Let ,
since ,on the
other
hand
hence is
cyclic

Finally are concyclic.

USA 2013 TST

this a little long solution but nice :

let the line perpendicular to intersects at point and

let we will prove that
let
we can easily see that is orthocenter of and

so by harmonic division we have where

so we have are the internal and external bisectors of

we want to prove that

so we need to prove that is tangent to the circumcircle of

and this is not hard