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(A) 20 (B) 60 (C) 18 (D*) 40
[Sol.
2log70 (70) 2 2 5log70 702 7 log70 2
N= = 2 2 log70 2 51 log70 2 7 log70 2
= 20 2 5 7 log 70 2 = 20 70log70 2 = 20 × 2 = 40. Ans.]
2 4 8 2 4 8
Q.3 If A = sin + sin + sin and B = cos + cos + cos then A 2 B 2 is equal to
7 7 7 7 7 7
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 2 (D) 3
2 4 6 1
[Sol. A2 + B2 = 3 + 2 cos cos cos = 3 + 2 = 2 A 2 B2 = 2]
7 7 7 2
tan 70 tan 20 2 tan 40
Q.4 The exact value of the expression , is
tan 10
(A) 2 (B*) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8
[Sol. N = cot 20° – tan 20° – 2 tan 40°
r
log p
log q p
3
6 6 6 ......
Q.5 The expression q simplified to
(A) p (B) q (C*) r (D) 3
= log r
log q log q r
log q p log p log q r
[Sol. Clearly, p =p q
PAGE # 1
and let y = 6 6 6 ..... , y > 0 y = 6 y y2 = 6 + y
y2 – y – 6 = 0 (y – 3) (y + 2) = 0
But y > 0, so y = 3.
Given expression log3 (logqr)
log log r
3 3 q log r
=q = q q = r . Ans.]
2 cos = 2 2 2 cos = 2 21 cos = 2 2 sin = 2 2 cos
2 2 4 2 4
= 21 cos = 4 cos 2
2 4 4 8
9 2
2 cos = 2 cos ; = = =
4 8 4 8 8 4 9
2
Hence x = 2 cos = 2 cos 40° (C) Ans. ]
9
Q.8 If A, B, C and D denotes the interior angles of a quadrilateral then
tan A tan A
(A)
cot A (B*) tan A tan A cot A
(C) cot A tan A tan A (D) tan A tan A cot A
S1 S3
[Sol: tan(A + B + C + D) = 1 S S ( A + B + C + D = 360°)
2 4
S1 = S 3
tanA + tanB + tanC + tanD = tan A cot A B]
ln ln 3
Q.9 The value of e is equal to
e
Q.13 The value of log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 () cos 2 . cos 2] :
(A) depends on and both (B) depends on but not on
(C) depends on but not on (D*) independent of both and .
[Sol. log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 () cos 2 . cos 2]
log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 () cos 2( . cos 2(a–]
log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 () 2cos2 (– 1 +2cos2(––1}]
log2[2] = 1 ]
Q.14 In a triangle ABC, 3 sin A + 4 cos B = 6 and 3 cos A + 4 sin B = 1 then C can be
(A*) 30° (B) 60° (C) 90° (D) 150°
[Sol. Square and adding
9 + 16 + 24 sin(A + B) = 37
24 sin(A + B) = 12
1 1
sin (A + B) = sin C =
2 2
C = 30° or 150°
if C = 150° then even of B = 0 and A = 30°
the quantity 3 sin A + 4 cos B
PAGE # 3
1 1
3·
+4=5 <6
2 2
hence C = 150° is not possible C = 30° only Ans. ]
[Sol.
3
Let x = 2 5 2 5 x3 = 2 5 2 5 – 3x
3
x3 = 4 – 3x x3 + 3x – 4 = 0 (x – 1) ( x 2 x 4) = 0
Discriminant ( D ) 0
x=1
Now, log101 = 0 Ans.]
Q.16 The graphs of y = sin x, y = cos x, y = tan x and y = cosec x are drawn on the same axes from 0 to
/2. A vertical line is drawn through the point where the graphs of y = cos x and y = tan x cross,
intersecting the other two graphs at points A and B. The length of the line segment AB is:
5 1
(A*) 1 (B)
2
5 1
(C) 2 (D) B
2 tan x
[Sol. Given tan x = cos x 1
or sin x = cos2x = 1 – sin2x ....(1) 1/2 sin x
A
1 sin 2 x
cos x
now, cosec x – sin x = = 1 (from (1) ) ]
sin x
/4 1 /2
PAGE # 4
1 1
log a 2 3 3 1
log b
1
Q.18 If a, b are co-prime numbers and satisfying 2 3 3 1
= ,
12
then (a + b) can be is equal to
(A) 13 (B) 5 (C*) 7 (D) 8
1 1
[Sol. As, = log 2 a log b
log a 2 3 3 1 3 3 1
log b
3 1
3 1
= log 2 a log b log (ab)
3 2 3 2 3
1
1
1
2 3
log 2 3
Now, 2 3
log ( ab )
2 3 = ab =
12 12
1 1
ab = 12
ab 12
As a, b are co-prime numbers, so either a = 4, b = 3 or a = 3, b = 4.
Hence , (a + b) = 7. Ans.]
Q.19 The maximum value of ( 7 cos + 24 sin) × ( 7 sin – 24 cos) for every R .
625 625
(A) 25 (B) 625 (C*) (D)
2 4
[Sol. y = ( 7 cos + 24 sin) × ( 7 sin – 24 cos)
r cos = 7 ; r sin = 24
24
r2 = 625 ; tan =
7
y = r cos ( – ) . r sin ( – )
r2 r2
= . 2 sin ( – ) cos ( – ) = . (sin2( – ) )
2 2
25 2 625
ymax = ]
2 2
cos( )
[Sol. m
cos( )
Applying componendo and dividendo
m 1 2 cos cos
m 1 2 sin sin
1 m
tan = cot ]
m 1
PAGE # 5
Q.21 Let ABC be a triangle such that ABC = and let a, b and c denote the lengths of the sides opposite
2
Q.23 The value of cosec – 3 sec 18 is a
18
(A) surd (B) rational which is not integral
(C) negative natural number (D*) natural number
1 3
2 cos sin
1 3 2 18 2 18
sin 9
[Sol. =
sin / 18 cos / 18
2
4 sin cos cos sin
6 18 6 18
= = 4 Ans ]
sin
9
1 1 1 1
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 3 6
2 2 3 3
(log 2) x
[Sol. (log 3) x
9 x 2 sin 2 x 4
Q.25 The minimum value of the expression for x (0, ) is
x sin x
16 8
(A) (B) 6 (C*) 12 (D)
3 3
4
[Sol. E = 9x sin x + [note that x sin x > 0 in (0, ) ]
x sin x
2
2
E = 3 x sin x + 12
x sin x
Emin = 12 which occurs when 3 x sin x = 2 x sin x = 2/3]
log x
log 2 2
log2 2 2
log2 2
log 2 2
Q.26 The value of x satisfying the equation 2 = 5, is
(A) 5 (B) 16 (C*) 25 (D) 32
[Sol. Using a
loga N
= N repeatedly, we get 2 log 2 x
= 5 2log 2 x
=5
x = 5 x = 25. Ans.]
A B
(C) 1 sec 1 cos ec = 2
A B
(D) 1 tan 1 tan = 2
2 2 2 2
A B
[Sol. A = /2 – B
2 4 2
1 tan B / 2 2
Hence 1 + tanA/2 = 1 + = Hence A is correct ]
1 tan B / 2 1 tan B
2
Q.28 For each natural number k , let Ck denotes the circle with radius k centimeters and centre at the origin.
On the circle Ck , a particle moves k centimeters in the counter- clockwise direction. After completing its
motion on Ck , the particle moves to Ck+1 in the radial direction. The motion of the particle continues in
this manner .The particle starts at (1, 0).If the particle crosses the positive direction of the x- axis for the
first time on the circle Cn then n equal to
(A) 6 (B*) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9
[Hint: Total distance travelled = 35 cm; displacement at the instant it crosses the +ve x-axis first time is 6cm ]
Angular displacement on each circle is 1 radian.]
PAGE # 7
2 2 2
log p log p log p
a b c
b c a
Q.29 The expression , wherever defined, simplifies to
2
log p log p log p
a b c
b c a
2
1 1
[Sol. T1 = log a p = = 2 ; logpa = x ; logpb = y and logpc = z
a
2
(log a ) (log b )
b log p p p
b
1 1 1
T1 = ; |||ly T2 = 2 and T3 =
( x y)2 ( y z) (z y)2
1 1 1
( x y) 2
( y z) 2
(z x ) 2
Hence E = = 1 Ans.]
1 1
2
1
xy yz zx
100
1
Q.30 The value of is equal to
k 1 cos x cos(2k 1) x
(A*) sin 100x sec101x (cosec 2x ) (B) cos100x sin 101x (cosec 2 x )
(C) sin 101x (sec100x ) (cosec 2x ) (D) (sin 100x ) sin 101x (cosec 2x )
1 sin k 1) x kx 1
sin x 2cos(k 1) x cos kx 2 sin x
[Sol. Tk = · = [tan(k + 1)x – tan kx]
1
T1 = [tan 2x – tan x]
2 sin x
1
Tn = [tan(n + 1)x – tan nx]
2 sin x
—————————————
1 1 sin nx sin nx
2 sin x cos( n 1) x cos x sin 2 x cos(n 1) x
Sum = [tan(n + 1)x – tan x] = =
2 sin x
= sin nx sec(n 1) x (cosec 2x ) Ans.]
PAGE # 8
3 3
[Sol. E= (1 + cos200) (1 + cos1000) (1 + cos1400) = 2 cos2100 . 2cos2500 . 2 cos2700
2 2
3 9
= 12(cos100 cos500 cos700)2 = 12 × = Ans ]f
64 16
n
sin
2 (n 1) 90 sin(89)
S = 90 · sin 2 = sin 1
·sin 90 ( = 2°)
sin
2
S = 90 cot 1°
90 cot 1
average value = = cot 1° Ans. ]
90
Q.33 If x1 and x2 are the value of x satisfying the equation x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 where x1 > x2 then the value of
log x x1 x1 x1 x1....... is equal to
2
1
(A) (B*) – 1 (C) (D) – 2
2 2
[Sol.rj x – 4x + 1 = 0
2
x1 = 2 + 3
x2 = 2 – 3
Let x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 ....... =y
x1 y = y
y = x1
log x x1 x1 x1 x1....... = log
2 3 = – 1. Ans.]
2
2 3
Q.34 The range of k for which the inequality k cos2x – k cos x + 1 0 x (– , ), is
1 1 1
(A) k < (B) k > 4 (C*) k 4 (D) k 5
2 2 2
PAGE # 9
[Sol. We have k cos2x – k cosx + 1 0 x (– , )
k(cos2x – cos x) + 1 0
1 2 1 1
But cos2x – cos x = (cos x – ) – – cos2x – cosx 2
2 4 4
k
We have 2k + 1 0 and + 1 0
4
1
Hence – k 4 Ans. ]
2
2
2
2 1 sin
l n ex
Q.37 The number of solutions of the equation 7
2 is equal to
e
l n
2 sin cos
x 7 7
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C*) 2 (D) 3
2
sin cos
1 2 ln | x |
2
7 7
[Sol.skv
1 2 ln | x |
2
sin cos
7 7
1 2 ln | x |
2
1
1 2 ln | x |
PAGE # 10
1 2 ln | x |
=±1 1 + 2 ln | x | = 1 – 2 ln | x | 4 ln | x | = 0 x = 1 x = 1 or – 1
1 2 ln | x |
1 + 2 ln | x | = – 1 + 2ln | x |
No solution from here. ]
Q.38 If (1 + tan 5°)(1 + tan 10°)(1 + tan 15°).................(1 + tan 45°) = 2 k, then 'k' equals
(A) 4 (B*) 5 (C) 8 (D) 9
[Sol. Consider (1 + tan ) 1 tan 45
1 tan
(1 + tan ) 1
1 tan
2
(1 + tan ) =2
1 tan
hence LHS
= 2(1 + tan 5°)(1 + tan 40°)(1 + tan 10°)(1 + tan 35°)(1 + tan 15°)(1 + tan 30°)(1 + tan 20°)(1 + tan 25°)
= 2 · 24 = 2 5 k = 5 Ans.]
Q.40 In a triangle ABC, if 4 cosA cosB + sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4, then triangle ABC is
(A) right angle but not isosceles (B) isosceles but not right angled
(C*) right angle isosceles (D) obtuse angled
[Sol We have 4 cosA cosB + 4 sinA sinB sinC = 4
1 cos A cos B
sinC = 1 1 sinA sinB + cosA cosB
sin A sin B
1 cos 2 A
cos (A – B) 1 A = B and sinC = =1
sin 2 A
C = 90° and A = B = (each). Ans.]
4
tan
Q.41 The efficiency E of a screw jack is given by E = where is variable and is some
tan( )
constant angle lying in 0, . The maximum efficiency is given by
2
1 cos 1 sin cos cos
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
1 cos 1 sin 3(1 sin ) 1 cos
2 sin cos( ) sin( 2 ) sin sin( 2 ) sin 2 sin
[Sol. E= = =
2 cos sin( ) sin( 2 ) sin sin( 2 ) sin
2 sin
= 1
sin( 2 ) sin
PAGE # 11
For maximum E, 2 + = =
2 4 2
2 sin 1 sin
Emax. = 1 – = (B) Ans. ]
1 sin 1 sin
2
3 log 2 2 log log 103 log log106
Q.42 Let N = 10 where base of the logarithm is 10. The characteristic of the
N = 10 10 = 32
log 32
3
Q.43 If tan 9 = (where 0 < < ) then the value of (3 cosec 3 – 4 sec 3) is equal to
4 18
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D*) 10
3 3 4
[Sol. tan 9 = ; sin 9 = ; cos 9 =
4 5 5
sin 9 cos 9
3 4
3 4
3
4
2
3 cos 3 4 sin 3
10 cos 3 sin 3
5 5
Given =
sin 3 cos 3 2 sin 3 cos 3 sin 6
3 5 7
sin
sin sin sin
Q.44 The value of 48 48 48 48 is equal to
3 5 7
cos cos cos cos
48 48 48 48
(A*) 2 3 (B) 2 3 (C) 2 1 (D) 2 1 [4]
[Sol. Let =
48
sin sin 3 sin 5 sin 7
y=
cos cos 3 cos 5 cos 7
Using C-D relation
sin 4
y= = tan 4 = tan = tan 15° = 2 3 ]
cos 4 12
PAGE # 12
Q.45 If cos3x sin2x = k(2 cos x – cos 3x – cos 5x) holds true for every x R, then the value of k is equal
to
1 1
(A) (B*) (C) 16 (D) 8 2 [2]
8 16
[Sol. cos3x sin2x = k(2 cos x – 2 cos 4x cos x) = 2 k cos x(1 – cos 4x)
cos3x sin2x = 4 k cos x sin22x
1
cos3x sin2x = 16 k cos3x sin2x k = Ans.
16
1
Alternatively: Put x = on both sides, we get k = Ans.]
4 16
[REASONING TYPE]
Q.46 Consider the following statements
Statement-1: In any right angled triangle ABC, sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2
Statement-2: In any triangle ABC, sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2 – 2 cos A cos B cos C
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Q.47 Statement-1: The inequality log2 (x + 2) > log 1 ( x 1) is valid for every x > 0.
2
Statement-2: The value of logba is positive if either 0 < a, b < 1 or 1 < a, b < .
(A*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
[Sol.MB Option (A) is correct.
S-1 As x > 0, so x + 2 > 2 log2(x + 2) is positive.
But, for x > 0, x + 1 > 1 log 1 ( x 1) is negative.
2
(A*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
2 4
[Hint: cos + cos + cos
3 3
cos + 2 cos( + ) cos =0 ]
3
PAGE # 13
Q.49 If P = 2 sin 2° + 4 sin 4° + ....... 180 sin 180°.
P
2
1
90
Statement-1 : is irrational
P
Statement-2 : tan 1° is irrational
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
[Sol. P = 2 sin 2° + 4 sin 4° + 6 sin 6° + ....... + 178 sin 178°
P = 178 sin 2° + 176 sin 4° + ....................... + 2 sin 178°
———————————————————————
2P = 180[sin 2° + sin 4° + sin 6° + ....... + sin 178°]
sin 89 P
P = 90 sin 90 = 90 cot 1° = cot 1°
sin 1 90
log
Q.50 Statement-1: If > > 1, then is greater than 1.
log
log a b
Statement-2: logcb = , if 0 < a , b, c 1.
log a c
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D*) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
[Sol.MB Option (D) is correct
log
log 1
log
log
6 5 6 5
Q.51 Statement-1: tan tan tan tan ·tan ·tan
7 7 7 7 7 7
Statement-2: If = + , then tan – tan – tan = tan · tan · tan .
(A*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
PAGE # 14
tan tan
[Sol. tan – tan – tan = – (tan + tan )
1 tan tan
tan tan
= (tan · tan ) tan · tan · tan ]
1 tan tan
[COMPREHENSION TYPE]
Paragraph for question nos. 52 to 54
A denotes the product xyz where x, y and z satisfy
log3x = log5 – log7
log5y = log7 – log3
log7z = log3 – log5
B denotes the sum of square of solution of the equation
log2 (log2x6 – 3) – log2 (log2x4 – 5) = log23
C denotes characterstic of logarithm
log2 (log23) – log2 (log43) + log2 (log45) – log2 (log65) + log2 (log67) – log2(log87)
PAGE # 15
8
100
Q.57 Number of zeroes in P2 ( x ) after decimal before a significant figure starts, is
9
(A) 30 (B) 31 (C*) 35 (D) 36
[Sol. Q (2) = cos 63° + cos 57° + cos 63° · cos 57°
2 2
1 3 3 3
=1– = log1. 3 = log 4 3 = – 1 Ans(i)
4 4 4 4
8 8 1 4
now P2 ( x ) ·
9 9 2 9
8 4
100 100
hence P2 ( x ) = = y (say)
9 9
log y = 200 [log 2 – log 3] = – 35.62 = 36.38 35 zero's Ans.(iii)
now 12P4 ( x ) P6 ( x )
= 3(sin4x + cos4x) – 2(sin6x + cos6x)
= 3[(sin2x + cos2x)2 – 2 sin2x · cos2x] – 2[(sin2x + cos2x)(sin4x – sin2x cos2x + cos4x)]
= 3[1 – 2 sin2x · cos2x] – 2[1 – 3 sin2x cos2x]
= 3 – 6 sin2x · cos2x – 2 + 6 sin2x cos2x
= 1 Ans.(ii)]
PAGE # 16
tan nx ·sec 2nx then which of the following is(are) correct?
n
Q.59 Let fn(x) =
n 1
(A*) f 2 2 3 1
(B) f 3 2
12 8
5 4
(C) f 4 0 (D) f 5
3 6 3
tan nx sin nx sin(2nx nx )
[Sol. Tn = = =
cos 2nx cos nx cos 2nx cos nx cos 2nx
Tn = tan 2nx – tan nx ....(1)
T1 = tan 2x – tan x
T2 = tan 4x – tan 2x
———————
Tn = tan 2nx – tan x
fn(x) = tan 2nx – tan x
f2(x) = tan 4x – tan x f 2 = tan tan =
12 3 12
3 2 3 2 3 2
3
f3(x) = tan 6x – tan x f 3 = tan tan = – 1 – 2 1 = – 2
8 4 8
8 2
f4(x) = tan 8x – tan x f 4 = tan tan = tan tan = 3 3 = 2 3
3 3 3 3 3
5 25 5 1 4
f5(x) = tan 10x – tan x f 5 = tan tan = tan tan = 3 = ]
6 3 6 3 6 3 3
Q.6085 Let a, b, c > 0 such that a > b > c and a + c > 2b. If ln(a + c) + ln(a – 2b + c) = 2 ln(a – c),
then which of the following relation is(are) correct?
1 1 2
(A*) (B) b2 = ac
a c b
c bc
(C*) (D) b2 = a2 + c2
a ab
[Sol. We have (a + c)(a – 2b + c) = (a – c)2 (a + c)2 – 2b(a + c) = (a – c)2
4ac = 2b(a + c) 4ac = 2ab + 2bc
2 1 1
on dividing by 2abc, we get = option (A) is true.
b c a
2 a c
Also, = 2ac = ab + bc
b ac
ac + ac = ab + bc ac – ab = bc – ac a(c – b) = c(b – a)
c bc
Option (C) is true. Ans.]
a ab
PAGE # 17
2 4 8
Q.61 The value of the expression tan + 2tan + 4tan + 8cot is equal to
7 7 7 7
2 2
(A*) cosec + cot (B) tan – cot
7 7 14 14
2 2
sin 1 cos cos
7 7 7
(C*) (D*)
2 2
1 cos sin sin
7 7 7
2 4 8
[Sol. tan + 2 tan + 4tan + 8cot = cot
7 7 7 7 7
[tan + 2 tan 2 + 4 tan 4 + 8 cot 8 = cot when ]
7
1 cos 2
(A) cosec 2 + cot 2 = = cot = cot (where = )
sin 2 7 7
(B) tan – cot = – 2cot
14 14 7
2
sin 2 sin cos
7 7 7
(C) 2 = = cot
7
1 cos 2 sin 2
7 7
2
1 cos cos 2 cos 2 cos
7 7 7 7
(D) = = cot Ans. ]
7
2 sin cos sin 2 sin cos 1
7 7 7 7 7
1 1 1 1 1 1
Q.62 The value of the expression y = cos 8 when = simplifies to
2 2 2 2 2 2 12
(A) a pure surd (B*) a compound surd (C) a rational number (D*) an irrational number
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
[Sol. y= (2 cos 2 4) = cos 4 = (2 cos 2 2)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
= cos 2 = (2 cos 2 ) = cos
2 2 2
6 2
where = ,y= .]
12 4
Q.63 The value of sin 27° – cos 27° is equal to
3 5 5 5 5 1 3 5
(A*) – (B) – (C*) (D)
2 2 2 2 2
5 1 3 5
[Sol. We have (sin 27° – cos 27°)2 = 1 – 2 sin 27° cos 27° = 1 – sin 54° = 1 – 4 =
4
PAGE # 18
3 5
| sin 27° – cos 27° | =
2
But for 0 < < , sin – cos < 0,
4
3 5
So sin 27° – cos 27° = – Ans.
2
Alternatively: sin 27° – sin 63°
– 2 cos 45° sin 18°
5 1
2 = 5 1 Ans. ]
4 2 2
log 3 135 log3 5
Q.64 Let N = . Then N is
log15 3 log 405 3
(A*) a natural number (B) coprime with 3
(C*) a rational number (D) a composite number
[Hint: N = log3(5 × 33) . log3(5 × 3) – log35 log3(81 × 5)
Let log35 = y,
N = (3 + y) ( 1 + y) – y ( 4 + y) = 3 + 3y + y + y2 – 4y – y2 = 3 ]
Q.65 If 2x and 2y are complementary angles and tan (x + 2y) = 2, then which of the following is(are)
correct?
1 1
(A) sin (x + y) = (B*) tan(x – y) =
2 7
(C*) cot x + cot y = 5 (D) tan x tan y = 6
1
Sol. We have 2x + 2y = x + y = sin (x + y) =
2 4 2
Also y = x , sotan (x + 2y) = tan x 2 x = tan x = cot x
4 2 2
1
2 = cot x tan x
2
1 tan y
Similarly x = y , so, tan (x + 2y) = tan y =
4 4 1 tan y
1 tan y 1
2= tan y =
1 tan y 3
cot y = 3. ]
1 1
Also, tan (x – y) =
tan x tan y
= 2 3 = 1 6 = 1 Ans.
1 tan x tan y 1 1 6 7 7
1
2 3
Now verify Alternatives. ]
PAGE # 19
The value of log10 sin 18 cos 36 tan tan cot 75 cot 154 equals
3
1
Q.66
8 8
(A*) additive inverse of sin(1050°)
(B*) multiplicative inverse of cosec(150°)
3 2
(C*) sin cos
10 5
5 1 5 1
1
[Sol. log10 2 3 2 3 2 1 2 1
4
4
4
5
= log10
2
2 ( 2)
1
= log10 52 =
2
Now verify options ]
2 6
3 2(1+y) + 6y = 3y(1 + y) (y – 2) (3y+1) = 0 y = 2 or y = – 1/3
y 1 y
1
log2x = 2 x = 4 and log2x = x = 2–1/3]
3
Q.68 If tan x + tan 2x + tan 3x = 0 then which of the following can hold good?
(A*) sec2x = 1 (B*) cot2x = 2 (C*) tan2x = 3 (D*) cosec2x = 3
2 tan x 3 tan x tan 3 x
[Sol. tan x + =0
1 tan 2 x 1 3 tan 2 x
2 3 tan 2 x
either tan x = 0 or 1 + =0
1 tan 2 x 1 3 tan 2 x
cos x = ± 1 sec2 x = 1 (A)
3 tan 2 x 3 tan 2 x
= 0 3 – tan2 x = 0 tan2 x = 3 (C)
1 tan x 2
1 3 tan x
2
1
or 1 – 3tan2 x + 1 – tan2 x = 0 tan2 x = cot2 x = 2 (B)
2
cosec2x = 1 + cot2x = 3 (D) Ans.]
PAGE # 20
Q.69 Which of the following real numbers is(are) non-positive ?
2 3
(A*) log 1
2 3
(B) log12 65 7
2
2
3
(D*) log 7
3
(C*) log 2 log5 3 · log 7 5 · log3 7
2
2 3 2 3
[Sol.MB As 1 log 2 3 0.
2 3 0.5
As, 65 8 65 7 1 log12
65 7 0 .
2 2
3 3 2 2
log 7 = log 7 = log 7 0 . Ans.]
2 3
As,
2 3 3 3
1
Q.70 If cos x cos 2x cos 3x – sin x sin 2x sin 3x = then which of the following can hold good?
2
(A*) sin 2x – cos 4x = 0 (B*) sin 4x – cos 2x = 0
(C*) sin 2x + cos 2x = 0 (D) sin 2x – cos 2x = 0
[Sol. 2 cos x cos 3x cos 2x – 2 sin x sin 3x sin 2x = 1
cos 2x[cos 4x + cos 2x] – sin 2x[cos 2x – cos 4x] = 1
cos 2x cos 4x + cos22x – sin 2x cos 2x + sin 2x cos 4x = 1
cos 2x cos 4x sin 2x cos 2x sin 2x cos 4x sin 2 2x 0
cos 2x(cos 4x – sin 2x) – sin 2x(cos 4x – sin 2x) = 0
(cos 2x + sin 2x)(cos 4x – sin 2x) = 0
either sin 2x = cos 4x or sin 2x + cos 2x = 0 A, C
sin22x = cos24x cos22x = sin24x
cos 2x = ± sin 4x (B) is correct.]
Q.71 If = which of the following hold(s) good?
7
(A*) tan · tan 2 · tan 3 = tan 3 – tan 2 – tan
(B*) cosec = cosec 2 + cosec 4
(C*) cos – cos 2 + cos 3 has the value equal to 1/2
(D) 8 cos · cos 2 · cos 4 has the value equal to 1.
sin 4 sin 2 2 sin 3 ·cos 1
[Sol. (B) RHS = sin 2 ·sin 4 = sin 2 ·sin 4 = = cosec (using = 7) (B)
sin
(C) cos + cos 3 + cos 5 sum of a series with constant d = 2
1
sum = (C) is wrong.
2
(D) continued product = – 1 (D) is also wrong ]
PAGE # 21
Q.72 Two parallel chords are drawn on the same side of the centre of a circle of radius R . It is found that
they subtend an angle of and 2 at the centre of the circle . The perpendicular distance between the
chords is
3
(A) 2 R sin sin (B*) 1 cos 1 2 cos R
2 2 2 2
3
(C) 1 cos 1 2 cos R (D*) 2 R sin sin
2 2 4 4
[Sol. OM = p1 = R cos ON = p2 = R cos
2
MN = p1 p2 = R cos cos
2
3
= R 2 sin sin D
4 4
Again convert cos = 2 cos2 1 and factorise ]
2
[SUBJECTIVE]
cos2
16
2 k m
Q.73 If the sum can be expressed as rational in lowest form equal to ,
k0 17 n
then find (m + n).
[Ans. 19]
2
[Sol. Let = 17 = 2
17
1 + cos2 + cos22 + cos23 + ......... + cos216
1 + 2(cos2 + cos22 + cos23 + ......... + cos28)
1 + 8 + (cos2 + cos4 + ......... + cos16)
sin 8 cos 9 sin 8 cos 8 sin 16 1 17 m
9+ =9+ =9+ =9– = = 17 + 2 = 19 Ans.]
sin sin 2 sin 2 2 n
5 6 7
Q.74 Let , and be three real numbers which are respectively equal to , and .
18 18 18
Find the value of sin2 + sin2 + sin2 – 2 cos cos cos . [Ans. 2]
[Sol. We know that, if + + = then sin2 + sin2 + sin2 = 2 + 2 cos cos cos
sin 2 2 cos = 2 Ans.]
PAGE # 22
2 cos 4 sin 2 2 sin 4 sin 2 2 sin 2(sin 4 cos 4)
[Sol. L= = = 2 sin 2
sin 4 cos 4 sin 4 cos 4
5 1
if = 27°, L = 2 sin 54° = 2 cos 36° L
2
2 tan x
tan x · 2 tan x
tan x tan 2 x 1 tan 2 x 2 tan x
M= = = = = sin 2x
tan 2 x tan x 2 tan x 2 (1 tan x ) 1 tan 2 x
2
tan x
1 tan 2 x
5 1
when x = 9°, M = sin 18° M
4
5 1 5 1
LMN = 2 4 (2) = 1 Ans. ]
Q.76 Find the value of tan 12° tan 48° tan 54° tan 72°. [Ans. 1 ]
[Sol. We have
tan12° tan(60° – 12°) tan(60° + 12°) tan54°
Let 12° =
= tan tan(60° – ) tan(60° + ) tan 54°
= tan
3 tan 3 tan tan 54° =
tan (3 tan 2 )
cot 36°
(1 3 tan )(1 3 tan ) 1 3 tan 2
= (tan 3°)(cot 36°) where = 12°
= tan 36° cot36° = 1 Ans.]
PAGE # 23
T2 = 2[cos 60° + cos 20°] = 1 + 2 cos 20°
T2 = 1 + 2 cos 20°
sin 20 1
T3 = =
sin 40 2 cos 20
T = T1 + T2 – T3
1 1
= (1 – 2 sin 10°) + (1 + 2 cos 20°) – = 2 + 2(cos 20° – sin 10°) –
2 cos 20 2 cos 20
1 1
= 2 + 2 (cos 20° – cos 80°) – = 2 + 2 · 2 sin 50° · sin 30° –
2 cos 20 2 cos 20
1
= 2 + 2 sin 50° –
2 cos 20
4 sin 50 cos 20 1 2 [sin 70 sin 30] 1 2 sin 70
T=2+ =2+ =2+ = 2 + 1 = 3 Ans.
2 cos 20 2 cos 20 2 cos 20
1 1
Alternatively: + 4 cos 40° · cos 20° –
2 cos 40 2 cos 20
1 1 1
2 cos 40 cos 20
= + 2(cos 60° + cos 20°)
Q.79 If mantissa of a number N to the base 32 is varying from 0.2 to 0.8 both inclusive, and whose characteristic
is 1, then find the number of integral values of N. [Ans. 449]
1 4
1
[Sol.MB We have 1·2 log32N 1·8 32 5 N 32 5 64 N 512
Hence, number of integral values of N = 512 – 63 = 449. Ans.]
PAGE # 24
cos n
44
n 1
Q.80 Let x = find the greatest integer that does not exceed 100 x. [Ans. 241]
sin n
44
n 1
sin 22
·cos 22.5
cos 1 cos 2 ........ cos 44 sin 1 2
[Sol. x= = = cot 22.5°
sin 1 sin 2 ......... sin 44 sin 22
·sin 22.5
sin 1 2
Q.82 Find (in degree) satisfying the equation, tan 15° · tan 25° · tan 35° = tan , where (0, 45°)
[Ans. 5]
[Sol. LHS = tan 15° · tan (30° – 5°) · tan (30° + 5°)
let t = tan 30° and m = tan 5°
tm tm t 2 m2 3m m3 1 3m 2
LHS = tan 15° · · = tan 3(5) · = ·
1 tm 1 tm 1 t 2m2 1 3m 2 3 m 2
m (3 m 2 ) (1 3m 2 )
= · = m = tan 5°. Hence tan x = tan 5° x = 5 Ans.]
(1 3m 2 ) 3 m 2
PAGE # 25
Q.83 If log3M = a1 + b1 and log5M = a2 + b2 where a1, a2 N and b1, b2 [0, 1). If a1 a2 = 6, then find
the number of integral values of M.
[Ans. 54]
[Sol.MB As a1 a2 = 6, so different possibilities are as follows :-
But a1 = 1 3 M < 9 and a2 = 6 56 M < 57
no common natural number M exist.
Similarly,
a1 = 2, a2 = 3 no common integral value of M exist.
and a1 = 6, a2 = 1 no common integral value of M exist.
The only possibility is a1 = 3 and a2 = 2.
27 M < 81 and 25 M < 125
Number of integral values of M = 27 M < 81 = 54. Ans.]
2 3 4 5 p
Q.84 If the expression cos
2
cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 has the value equal to in their
11 11 11 11 11 q
lowest form, then find (p + q). [Ans. 13]
2 3 4 5
[Sol. Expression = cos
2
cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 cos 2
11 11 11 11 11
1 2 4 10
1 cos 1 cos ...... 1 cos
11
=
2 11 11
1 2 4 6 10
= 5 cos cos cos ...... cos
2 1111 11
11
S
On multiplying and dividing the series S by 2 sin , we get
11
1 3 5 3 9 1
sin sin sin sin ....... sin sin = –
11 11 11 11 11 2
2 sin
11
1 1 9 p
5 = = (p + q) = 13 Ans.]
2 2 4 q
Hence expression =
1
Q.85 For 0 < a 1, find the number of ordered pair (x, y) satisfying the equation loga 2 x y = and
2
log a y log a x log 2 4 . [Ans. 2]
a
1
[Sol. We have log a 2 x y = |x+y|=a x+y=±a .....(1)
2
y
Also, log a log 2 4 y=2|x| .....(2)
| x | a
a 2a
If x > 0, then x = , y =
3 3
If x < 0, then y = 2a, x = – a
a 2a
possible ordered pairs = , and (– a, 2a)]
3 3
PAGE # 26
Q.86 Find the exact value of cosec10° + cosec50° – cosec70°. [Ans. 6]
1 1 1
[Sol :
sin 10 sin 50 sin 70
1 1 1
cos 80 cos 40 cos 20
cos 40 cos 20 cos 80 cos 20 cos 40 cos 80
cos 20. cos 40. cos 80
= 8 [cos20°(cos40° + cos80°) – cos40° cos80° ]
= 8 [2cos20° cos60° cos20° – cos40° cos80°]
= 4 [2cos220° – 2cos40° cos80°]
= 4 [1 + cos40° – (cos120° + cos40°)]
3
=4. =6 Ans ]
2
2
cos sin cos sin 1 tan
Now R.H.S. =
1 sin
=
2 2
= 2 2 = 2 = tan 45
cos 2
cos 2 sin 2 cos sin 1 tan
2 2 2 2 2
Hence 45 = 45° + 42° = 42° = 84° Ans.]
2 2
log6| xy | = log 6 6 xy xy = 36 ......(2)
On solving (1) and (2), we get
x = 4 and y = 9
| x – y | = 5 Ans.]
Q.90 If L denotes the least value of the expression y = 9 sec2x + 16 cosec2x and M denotes the maximum
value of the expression y = sin2x + 8 cos x – 7, find the value of (L + M).
[Ans. 50]
[Sol. L = 9 + 16 + 9 tan x + 16 cot x
2 2
Q.92 and are the positive acute angles and satisfying simultaneously the equation
5 sin 2 = 3 sin 2 and tan = 3 tan ,
find the value of tan + tan . [Ans. 4]
2 tan 2 tan
[Sol. 5· =3·
1 tan
2
1 tan 2
PAGE # 28
5 tan 3 tan
= ....(1)
1 tan 1 tan 2
2
5 + 5 tan2 = 1 + 9 tan2
4 tan2 = 4 tan = 1
tan = 3
tan tan 4 Ans. ]
Q.93 Find the number of integral ordered pairs (x, y) satisfying the equation log (3x + 2y) = logx + logy.
[Ans. 4]
[Sol. We have log (3x + 2y) = logx + logy 3x + 2y = xy 3x + 2y – xy = 0
3x
hence y(x – 2) = 3x y = (x, y N)
x2
Possibile ordered pairs are (3, 9), (4, 6) (5, 5), (8, 4).
and (0, 0) and (1, – 3) etc. rejected. Ans.]
[MATRIX TYPE]
Q.94 Column - I Column-II
(A) The expression
loga b · log 2 a 2 · log 3 b3 · log 4 a 4 ....... log 100 a100 simplifies to (P) –4
b a b b
log 1 4 1
log81
(C) The value of x satisfying the equation 2 3 x 16 , is equal to
(R) 1
(S) –2
[Ans. (A) R, (B) P, (C) Q]
[Sol.
PAGE # 29
Q.95 Column-I Column-II
(A) The expression
[cos2( + ) + cos2( – ) – cos 2 cos 2], is (P) independent of
(B) The expression
cos2 + cos2(+ ) – 2 cos ·cos ·cos(+ ), is (Q) independent of
sin( ) sin( )
(C) The expression , is (R) independent of and
1 tan 2 cot 2
(D) The expression (S) dependent on and .
2 sin + 4cos(+ ) sin · sin + cos2(+ ), is
2
1 2
2
(B) If x = 9 77 , then x is equal to (Q) 2
11 x
1
20
(C) If N = , then number of digits in N before decimal starts, is equal to (R) 5
0 .4
Use: log102 = 0.3010 (S) 8
(D) If log175(5x), = log343(7x), then find the value of log42(x4 – 2x2 + 7).
[Ans. (A) R; (B) Q; (C) S; (D) P]
[Sol.
(A) log3 5 8 log49 5 4 log7 49 = k
log 3 5 8 log 49 7 = k
log39 = k k=2
(k + 1) = (2 ) + 1= 5. Ans.
2 2
9 9
4
As, 77 9 77 = 4 77 = ......(2)
x2
4 2 2
2 2
x2 = 18 x – 4 = 18 x = 22
x2 x x
PAGE # 30
2
2
x
x
=
22
= 2. Ans.
11 11
10
(C) We have log10N = 20 log = 20(1 – 2 log102) = 20(1 – 2 × 0.3010) = 20 × 0.398 = 7.96
4
Number of digits in N = 8
(D) Put log175(5x) = log343(7x) = k (say)
5x = (175)k and 7x = (343)k .......(1)
175 5 5 35
k k
5
= =
7 343 7 7 49
5 5
2k
1
= 2k = 1 k = .
7 7 2
From (1), we get
1
5x x 7.
(175) 2
Hence, log42 (x – 2x2 + 7) = log4242 = 1. Ans.]
4
PAGE # 31
(C) tan 20° tan 40° tan 80° = tan 20° tan (60° – 20°) tan (60° + 20°) = tan (3 × 20°) = 3
Square of the value of given expression = 3
3x 3x 2 3x 3x 2 3x 3x 6x
(D) We have cos4 – sin4 = cos sin 2 cos sin 2 = cos
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 5 1
= cos =
5 18 2
Reciprocal of the value of given expression = 2 ]
3a
(B) If logb 3 = 4 and log b2 27 , (Q) 3
2
then the value of (a2 – b4) is equal to
(C) If number of digits in 1211 is 'd', and number of cyphers after (R) 5
decimal before a significant figure starts in (0.2)9 is 'c',
then (d – c) is equal to
(D) If N = antilog3 log6 antilog 5
(log5 1296) , (S) 6
then the characteristic of log N to the base 2, is equal to (T) 13
[Ans. (A) P, (B) T, (C) S, (D) Q]
[Sol.MB
1 1
(A) 5log5 7 7 8 = 2 Ans.
log10 1 / 10 = =
3 3 3
1
3a 3a
(B) As logb3 = 4 3 = b4 and logb2 27 log 27 a = 4.
2 3 2
Hence, (a2 – b4) = 16 – 3 = 13.
(C) Clearly, d = 12, c = 6
So, (d – c) = 12 – 6 = 6.
(D)
N = antilog3 log 6 5
log5 1296
= antilog3 log6 (5)log 5 36 = antilog3 log 6 36 = antilog3(2)
N=9
characteristic of log29 = 3. Ans.]
PAGE # 32
7
cos cos 2 cos ...... cos (3n 2)
Q.99 Let fn() = 2 2 2.
7
sin sin 2 sin ....... sin (3n 2)
2 2 2
Then match the entries of column-I with their corresponding values given in column-II.
Column-I Column-II
3
(A) f3 (P) 2– 3
16
(B) f5 (Q) 3 2 2
28
(C) f7 (R) 2 1
60
(S) 74 3
[Ans. (A) R ; (B) Q ; (C) S ]
[Sol. We have fn() = cot (3n 1)
4
3 1 3 3
(A) f3 = cot 8 = cot = 2 1
16 4 16 8
(B) f5 = cot 14 = cot = 2 1 = 3 2 2
28 4 28 8
1
(C) f7 = cot 20 = cot = 2 3 = 7 4 3 ]
60 4 60 12
cot A cot A
[Note: If A + B + C =
2
cot 45 cot 35 cot 10 = cot 45 cot 35 cot 10 ]
Alternatively: V = tan 35° tan 10° + tan 10° + tan 35°
V + 1 = tan 35°(1 + tan 10°) + 1 + tan 10° = (1 + tan 10°) 1 tan(45 10) = 2
V = 2 – 1 = 1 Ans.
PAGE # 33
sin 146 sin 18 sin 196 sin 34 sin 18 sin 16
(B)
(sin 3 sin 57 sin 63) sin 73 sin 98
=
sin 3 sin(60 3) sin(60 3) cos17 cos 8
(sin 34 sin 16) sin 18 2 cos 25 sin 9 2 sin 9 cos 9 (4)(2) sin 9[cos 25 cos 9]
= =
1 1 sin 9 cos 17 cos 8
sin 9 cos 17 cos 8 sin 9 cos 17 cos 8
4 4
PAGE # 34