Problem Sheet No 5

Topic: Thermodynamical Processes

1. A mass of 0.05 kg a fluid is heated at constant pressure of 2 bar until the volume occupied is 0.0658
m3. Calculate the heat supplied and the work done:
i. when the fluid is steam, initially dry saturated;
ii. When the fluid is air, initially at 130 oC.
(4.304 kJ, 7.38 kJ)
2. Steam at 7 bar and dryness fraction 0.9 expands in a cylinder behind a piston isothermally and
reversibly to a pressure of 1.5 bar. Calculate the change of internal energy and change of enthalpy per
kg of steam.

(217.5 kJ/kg, 245.7 kJ/kg)

3. 1 kg of nitrogen (molar mass 28 kg/kmol) is compressed reversibly and isothermally from 1.01 bar, 20
o
C to 4.2 bar. Calculate the work done and the heat flow during the process. Assume nitrogen to be a
perfect gas.
(124 kJ/kg, 124 kJ/kg)
o
4. 1 kg of steam at 100 bar and 375 C expands reversibly in a perfectly thermally insulated cylinder
behind a piston until the pressure is 38 bar and the steam is then dry saturated. Calculate the work
done.
(169.7 kJ/kg)
5. Air at 1.02 bar, 22 oC initially occupying a cylinder volume of 0.015 m3, is compressed reversibly and
adiabatically by a piston to a pressure of 6.8 bar. Calculate the final temperature, the final volume, and
the work done on the mass of air in the cylinder.
(234.3 oC, 0.00387 m3, 2.76 kJ)
6. 1 kg of a perfect gas is compressed from 1.1 bar, 27 oC according to a law pv1.3=constant, until the
pressure is 6.6 bar. Calculate the heat flow to or from the cylinder walls,
i) When the gas is ethane (molar mass 30 kg/kmol), which has cp=2.10 kJ/kg.K
ii) When the gas is argon (molar mass 40 kg/kmol) which has cp=0.520 kJ/kg.K
(138.1 kJ/kg, 58.6 kJ/kg)
7. 1 kg of air enclosed in a rigid container is initially at 4.8 bar and 150 oC. The container is heated until
the temperature is 200 oC. Calculate the pressure of the air finally and the heat supplied during the
process.
(5.37 bar, 35.9 kJ/kg)
8. A rigid vessel of volume 1 m3 contains steam at 20 bar and 400 oC. The vessel is cooled until the steam
is just dry saturated. Calculate the mass of steam in the vessel, the final pressure of the steam, and the
heat rejected during the process.
(6.62 kg, 13.01 bar, 2355 kJ)
9. Oxygen (molar mass 32 kg/kmol) expands reversibly in a cylinder behind a piston at a constant
pressure of 3 bar. The volume initially is 0.01 m3 and finally is 0.03 m3; the initial temperature is 17 oC.
Calculate the work output and heat supplied during the process. Assume oxygen to be a prfect gas with
cp=0.917 kJ/kg.K
(6 kJ, 21.18 kJ)

10. Steam at 7 bar, dryness fraction 0.9, expands reversibly at constant pressure until the temperature is
200 oC. Calculate the work output and heat supplied per unit mass of steam during the process.
(38.2 kJ/kg, 288.7 kJ/kg)
11. 0.05 m3 of a perfect gas at 6.3 bar undergoes a reversible isothermal process to a pressure of 1.05
bar. Calcuate the heat supplied.
(56.4 kJ)
o
12. 1 kg of air is compressed isothermally and reversiby from 1 bar and 30 C to 5 bar. Calculate the
work input and the heat supplied.
(140 kJ/kg, 140 kJ/kg)