DREAM PROJECT

CHAPTER-02
DREAM PROJECT
Table of Contents
MARS GLIDER.......................................................................................................................................... 3
What is a Glider: ................................................................................................................................. 3
How does it work: .......................................................................................................................... 3
Application: ................................................................................................................................ 3
ADVANTAGES: ........................................................................................................................ 3
AIRSHIP FOR REMOTE REGIONS ............................................................................................................ 4
What’s a Airship: ................................................................................................................................ 4
USES OF AIRSHIP: ........................................................................................................................... 4
ADVANTAGES: ............................................................................................................................ 4
PASSENGER SPACESHIP .......................................................................................................................... 5
What’s a Spaceship: ........................................................................................................................... 5
How does it work: .......................................................................................................................... 5
ADVANTAGES: ............................................................................................................................ 5
WALKING HELPER ................................................................................................................................... 6
What’s a Walking Helper: .................................................................................................................. 6
How does it work: .......................................................................................................................... 6
USES: ........................................................................................................................................... 6
ADVANTAGES: ........................................................................................................................ 6
MORPHING WING DRONE ..................................................................................................................... 7
What’s a Morphing wing:................................................................................................................... 7
How does it work: .......................................................................................................................... 7
ADVANTAGES: ............................................................................................................................ 7
OCEAN WASTE COLLECTOR: ................................................................................................................... 8
What’s a Waste collector: .................................................................................................................. 8
How does it work: .......................................................................................................................... 8
Application: ................................................................................................................................ 8
ADVANTAGES: ........................................................................................................................ 8
GROUND EFFECT VEHICLE ...................................................................................................................... 9
What’s a GEV: ..................................................................................................................................... 9
How does it work: .......................................................................................................................... 9
What’s Ground effect: ................................................................................................................ 9
Applications: ........................................................................................................................... 9
ADVANTAGES: .................................................................................................................... 9
REFERENCES: ......................................................................................................................................... 10
MARS GLIDER
What is a Glider:
A glider is a heavier-than-air aircraft that is supported in flight by the
dynamic reaction of the air against its lifting surfaces, and whose free
flight does not depend on an engine. Most gliders do not have an engine,
although motor-gliders have small engines for extending their flight when
necessary with some being powerful enough to take off.

How does it work:

For flight in Mars' atmosphere, the Reynolds number would be very low
compared to flight in Earth's atmosphere. Taking the atmospheric conditions of
Mars into account this glider will be tuned to fly for a maximum distance
before crashing for surveying and data of particular regions on Mars. Glider will
be launched at required altitude by small rocket which is fired from the surface
of Mars(from launch site of a human colony probably). This is only technology
demonstration of how a glider need to be designed to work in Mars’
atmosphere.

Application:
To collect scientific data and transmit it back to main base before it
lands or crashes.

ADVANTAGES:
The current devices like curiosity rover is slow on the martian lands.
AIRSHIP FOR REMOTE REGIONS
What’s a Airship:
An airship is a type of aerostat or lighter-than-air aircraft that can
navigate through the air under its own power. Aerostats gain their lift from
large gas bags filled with a lifting gas that is less dense than the surrounding
air.

USES OF AIRSHIP:
Airships make it possible to affordably deliver heavy cargo and people to
remote locations around the world. Burning less fuel than helicopter, airships
will redefine sustainability for the future. With unlimited access to isolated
locations around the globe, Airships safely and sustainably support a wide
range of activities in areas with little to no infrastructure. The airship offers the
simplicity of a pickup truck by carrying cargo loads and people in and out of
remote areas without any need for major road, rail or airport infrastructure
development.

ADVANTAGES:
Theoretically they have very high endurance, owing to the fact that
they do not need forward speed to maintain lift. Low fuel consumption
resulting in higher range.
PASSENGER SPACESHIP
What’s a Spaceship:
A spacecraft is a vehicle or machine designed to fly in outer space.

Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications,

meteorology, navigation, space colonization, planetary exploration,
and transportation of humans and cargo.

How does it work:

In space, an engine has nothing to push against. Since, space is filled
with vacuum normal aircraft engines do not work in space. Aircraft engines
require air to work, whereas Rocket engine doesn’t need air. Spaceship work
by Newton's third law of motion. Third law states that for every action, there
is an equal and opposite reaction. The spaceship pushes on its exhaust. The
exhaust pushes the spaceship, too. The rocket pushes the exhaust backward.
The exhaust makes the rocket move forward.

ADVANTAGES:
No complete product in the market at the moment. With a proper
idea or design, there is a scope for sponsorship. Would be helpful to further
the human understanding of universe. Will provide better knowledge about
the
WALKING HELPER
What’s a Walking Helper:
The device is an exoskeleton for calves which will reduce the energy
used and strain while walking using a mechanical spring mechanism.

How does it work:

As it is a mechanical device it doesn’t require any battery pack or
charging etc. It makes walking less tiring by rerouting the energy that normally
goes through your calf muscles and tendons into carbon fibre, metal and a very
basic spring. Lightweight of the device means that the there’s no significant
mass penalty that needs to be factored into the energy gains you get from
wearing the exoskeleton on both legs.

USES:
A lightweight device which will cover the legs and actively aide
the user to walk freely.

ADVANTAGES:
Current market has devices made of electronic components, so they
have a limited battery life. They are also bulky and not so portable. In case
when the user is expecting a full recovery, it can be used as a rehabilitation
device.
MORPHING WING DRONE
What’s a Morphing wing:
Morphing wings that change the shape and configuration of an aircraft
can expand the flight capabilities of a flying vehicle to fulfil flight requirements.

How does it work:

Several flying animals use morphing wings to improve flight
capabilities. Similar to birds, the outermost part of the wing is equipped with
artificial feathers that can be folded to actively change the surface of the wing.
This morphing mechanism can not only improve aerodynamic performance for
manoeuvrability and wind resistance, but also provide roll control with
asymmetric folding of the two wings

For low speed flight we need high aspect ratio and low sweep
angle and for high speed flight we will need high sweep angle and low aspect
ratio. With Wing deformation characteristics like 200% change in AR, 50%
change in wing area, 5° change in wing twist , 20° change in wing sweep.

ADVANTAGES:
Tackle multi-objective missions like aerial surveillance, rescue missions,
filmmaking, pollution monitoring and anti-poaching and disaster relief.Cost
effective without much need of multiple expensive mission specified aircrafts,
as it can adopt to new missions.
OCEAN WASTE COLLECTOR:
What’s a Waste collector:
The OWC is a floating device that is located in the water at marinas,
docks, harbour etc. It moves up and down with the range of tide collecting all
floating waste.

How does it work:

Water is sucked in from the surface and passes through a catch bag
inside the device, with a submersible water pump. The water is then pumped
back into the ocean leaving litter and waste trapped in the catch bag to be
disposed of properly. The OWC also has the potential to collect a percentage of
oils and pollutants floating on the water surface by properly choosing the
material of the catch bag.

Application:
To autonomously to collect waste from oceans and seas.

ADVANTAGES:
No active crew will be required to run it. Prevents aquatic life from
being exposed to the dangers of plastic and other harmful waste materials.
GROUND EFFECT VEHICLE
What’s a GEV:
The Ekranoplan or Wing-In-Ground Effect vehicle flies in close
proximity to a surface, usually water, to improve the lift to drag ratio of its
airfoils.

How does it work:

These vehicles attain sustained flight over a level surface (usually
over the sea) by making use of ground effect, the aerodynamic interaction
between the wings and the surface.

What’s Ground effect:

This is caused primarily by the ground interrupting the wingtip
vortices and downwash behind the wing. When a wing is flown very close to
the ground, wingtip vortices are unable to form effectively due to the
obstruction of the ground. The result is lower induced drag, which increases
the speed and lift of the aircraft.

Applications:
A GEV plane/ship can travel further on the same fuel and with the
same payload as an aircraft and much faster than a ship. This enables our GEV
plane to fill the gap between low cost, slow sea freight and fast, yet high cost
air freight. Conventional high speed ships have excessive fuel consumption.
GEV, however, reduces the drag to a minimum by eliminating hydrodynamic
drag.

ADVANTAGES:
Very less infrastructural needed. No pressurization of fuselage is
needed as we are not flying at high altitudes. Can be effectively used in naval
warfare as they are very much faster when compared to ships and safe from
torpedoes and mines.
REFERENCES:
1) GOOGLE Images