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p h
FR = p A
Acts through the Centroid
dA is a differential element
of the surface.
dF is the force acting on
the differential element.
We note h = ysinq
We note, the integral part is the first moment of area about the x-axis
hc
Hydrostatic Force on a Plane Surface: Location
Now, we must find the location of the center of Pressure where the Resultant Force Acts:
“The Moments of the Resultant Force must Equal the Moment of the Distributed Pressure Force”
Then,
We, note that for a submerged plane, the resultant force always acts below the centroid of
the plane.
Hydrostatic Force on a Plane Surface: Geometric Properties
Centroid Coordinates
Areas
Moments of Inertia
xc
xc
xc
xc
xc
xc
xc
xc
Example:
A heavy car plunges into a lake during an accident and lands
at the bottom of the lake on its wheels as shown in fig. the
door is 1.2 m high and 1 m wide and the top edge of the door
is 8 m below the free surface of the water. Determine the
hydrostatic force on the door and the location of the pressure
center.
Discuss if the driver can open the door??!!
Pressure Prism: Vertical Wall
O Volume
FR
1
hbh
2
FR
1
hA
2
Location of the Resultant Force, CP:
The location is at the centroid of the volume of the
pressure prism.
Center of Pressure:
b 2h
,
2 3
Pressure Prism: Submerged Vertical Wall
Trapezoidal
The Resultant Force: break into two “volumes” Location of Resultant Force: “use sum of moments”
h’
Isolated Volume
Bounded by AB an AC F1 and F2 is the hydrostatic force on
and BC each planar face
FH and FV is the component of the
resultant force on the curved surface.
𝜃
Resultant Force:
FR FV
𝜃
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 : Vertical Force ( 𝑊 = )ݒܨ+ F1 FH
Horizontal Force ( = )ܪܨF2
ݒܨ
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ܪܨ
𝜃 : is an angle force make with horizontal plane
W FH
FV
Example
A long solid cylinder of radius 0.8 m hinged at point A is
used as an automatic gate, as shown in figure. When the
water level reaches 5 m, the gates open by turning about
the hinge at point A. Determine (a) the hydrostatic force
acting on the cylinder and its line of action and (b) the
weight of cylinder per meter length of the cylinder.