CHAPTER 49 122-1 input source: population having hair Calling units: Castomers wanting haircuts weue: Customers waiting for a varer fervice eocipline : usually first in, first ont. Service mechanism: barbers anc equipment. 12.2-& 1 4 6) ( 4 ) fi ) a L=0) — |+1| — ]+2| — |+3 — | +4) — | =2 which represents the average % (is) @) Gl ie) Aig mu ° number of customers in the shop, including those getting their hair cut. b) ao # in queue probability product 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 1 0.25 0.25, 4 2 0625 0.125 Lq =0.375 which represents the average number of customers in the shop waiting to gel a haircut, ec) Elst customers being served )a4-Py +2 (petgery) = 4 eh 8 eh te(Sther jes et tlietgthye .625 minutes ‘These quantities mean that customers will be in the sh hour, including the time to get a heiteut, and will have fo walt am ween 3 5.625 minutes before their haircut will begin, tt eTABCOF W - Wq = 0.5 ~ 0,094 = 0,406 hours = 24.36 minutes 14-11123 a) A parking Totis a queueing system for. providing parking with cars as the customers, and parking spaces as the servers. The service time is the amount of time a car spends in a space. The queue capacity is 0. b) L= (K+ (P) +268) +R) = 00.2) + 10.3) +216.3)-+ 0.2) = 1.5 cars £, =O cars - ) =0.75 hours (3) =0 hours 2 ©) Acar spends an average of 45 minutes in a parking space. a24 a) False. The queue is wi /here customers wait before being served. b) False. Queueing models conventionally assume that the queue is an infinite queue. ¢) True. The most common is first come first served. 1425 a a) A bank is a queueing system with people as the customers, and tellers as the servers. b) W, =1 minute WW, +2=1+223 minutes u 40 L,= aw, ee 1) = 0.667 customers L=dW= 2a =2 customers ee The utilization factor p represents the fraction of time that the server is busy. The server is busy except when there are zera people in the system. P, is the probability of having 0 customers in the system, Hence, p Ret Dr=2r,, poo 24has Lg when wo one cs in the eystem Lagat otherwise So Lely + 4-R)Ugeade bg + UR) CO) Le Awe AC ula Yada AWy Mae Lae p [9 Le lgap = Lar UR) From (x) and Us). So pr. fa) bof wazd ge 4 2 a Poem «Fim a Sm Rao Eman Ban. = Snhelgrs ER: 6 aoe = Bohs Lge st Fey 2] —— — - Part “customers ervers Cay [customers waiting checkout | checkers Cb) | fires Sire fighting units {ce} | cars tel\_ collectors (a) [broken bicycles bicycle vepairpersons Ce) [ships t be loaded or unloaded Longshoremen + equipment| CF) [machines neading operator eperater (9) [materials te be handled handling equipment ch) [calls fer elambers elum bers (i) leustom oraers eustomijed process GG) [typing requests typists Ya for n=l Ant % for n>e and mt, = fe jor NER ca) P§ next arrival before tooys t-e7'* 2,393 Me Pf next arrival between 1:00 ant 2teof = (rae %'*)-(1- 7 | = 6239 Pfnext eerival after reo} =e =, 348 Cb) tva| between|ne acri b> {next arrival tween] rly = 393 ‘ang Doe te) Pfno arrivals between tres ana 2300 see. gor oF ; Cfone arrival between t!00 and 2:00}. (reyie At 2 ye aT Pftwo or more arrivals between tee ana 210 14-3_ 114-1. (4) Pfnone served by roofs e= 3b me Pinone served by top e e Os 84b Pfnene served by olf 2 e760) = .993 1i42 a Ant for nzo = Pin arcivals in an hour} = 2.2 ty Pioarrivals in an hour} = @ = .i35° ae b) PF2 arrivals in an howr}= dee 2 ges 270 f 4 ©) PfSer more arrivals in an hour}: 1-3 Pfn arrivals in an hour} zn es de" 20°*- CHa) e- (49) et 1343 sts 7e° 8 0527 Pay = too pi Tce $ + B-PFT>2] =I - 20. peTo2h PFTad>2t = oF? = o-F a 0607 Pi T yada >a fe Meet Trcrense = Payspaat- Pryad = 200 Pf Toa 2}- PP Tyarial 224) , = 20(eF-e-!) jade Given the memowless property , the aystont tans iio a Tie-BHer pene afer fist completion occurs - T= amoutt of tine ator | and before next service cempleton PéTce y= phmin( BT) minlTy,T5, B) Ti wexpl He) , Temen( Ys), Ty ~ expt Yo) V sept ib tb) sep (BZ) Seated woatting tine = £2 = tefl minalig SAAS a) Frome eggregetion “preperty vf —poitson prowas, te amival Process 2 Still Petsson with moan rae fo per hour. &, distibubin of tine batsean Consecutive aerivals te exponsatial with mann of 6 miasley | 19-4 notLANG b) The prbsbilty dotibation 2 the minimum of tuo expmaritall random varisbles « By propeity 3, at to ouprnentiak setth. mean of 5 mined 9D Scrat wih mann of 5 mines. 4) W= Wt Te» Wyo Te one Adrpendlesit Ew = Eds ETs = 5410 = 15 mines = 1 how Vari} = york + varls = (A)** (gd) = Ey = 003a7 ad) Wi = BtWs W Ras men of 20 minds, but holds te cane vaniace ao ts ) Pite tbe P+ dy pray a P= Px oe. Pos ‘ ba & oes Zope = Papa t 2f3 o Bes re * # ahaa} 4 = prepa 4 = 0,632 Re zg AnPn = 3p +2 +P = Fp =157f we L/R = atx ot wog Wp lage 4 «fl - Beg ‘15-2 a) OC One b) farP Pptapsapy Pim 2Ps Pot P+ Past D per S Pez Pay 17-6 re14.5: ———_ 4 -- - ay pew BM pes dpe Pom Pe tp, (rds dips potas 1, whe per £, peg poy Ls pitapers ia Paral Te Dafr + Apis f a a oie Ze ~ 2 03 24 OP 626898 a 04 TOS ») 2po= apy (shreapes a BPs 2Pa = 2fs B=ape Pit Pat Pos Past 6 0 OF P= SP O % Pa=(6-Zfo~2pe Ya = th & > P= d-bp~ 32 Pe = pr @ > Pazlape-2ere = Lhe © pet Fprtpe prs pe ay o Pat Pee Bek Bed pod ay pire pes FP, ae MAL pp = ff Ps debt ope = Pi Poe aa pe= Pe Pa» 2A -d From Pot P+ PrtPat fowl 2 per de. o 6 apt Prep @ 6 14-413.53. feewwre) _ Lys pat2py = fh Lh 5-4 Ae 5-5 = Pot apa pee = 22 T= dope Mipet Ape t Aafs = aed Wear bbe Bg = S 4 As pe As 2 67 0 ee oO-: z 4 SX ¥ by Piz Epo Pent Pe Pea (st)™'Ps BPs By" Py +P = apex]. pes Pow (23 arrival vate 1, __ Servier, vate 2 © Cote a) = —_ oT <9 >) (15 po = 15 © 16pe+ 15 ps= a5 ® lo Pat IF Ps = 206 ® 5 pa = 15 Ps & D per, Paz BPo3Pe 5 BP, Be ghee Por Pet Pat Peel = fo > few Pree meh hee Or p= As pe per 38, Pe $s >) Pee F Te Pde t Pm £4 = eos he Ptah = BS apo, + Hee 7 at 530 he tye te Wye FE me a) pt P= Be vere &) Pott Pr = a = 0.404 \4.5-7a) A x x - » A a FP fe fe Fe iene arre ty Pe dmR iN % + (Ar eyh = (aaryh » Rees + Yat ORs Osa mee on Oy 5-8 , on on 3 @ 2 ® mee ) Pi=4pe , Pa Apo, Pr= Sp PotPit Pat Pp = (Hate+En Pe a1 9 Por a pr, mee, ned (49 :14546) Fiechon of br Caitemays = Pei paZt Pao} = a) Le prope spre GS = 1a ye raps 2% 45 = o.5l| 155) dete nese sents eo a. ree figeGa ye bo Ce 77! 1 a vf Eel = bake 5 ane ese ae € Aaa = {2(4)" for nze ous Eateg hogy apt Ea ib b che FT ie Lge L-Br= Ye (ett) ys Wy LeA= Vso 14. 5-10 @ 3, 4,3. -. O67 87 4 "% “é ») psdp , frdid pe.) Pao Baty, So, pod, pete, Pa l(Z we) = Buty! Let Pl PP so deedy.state j docuets awe been receluad bet net yet cxnnpleted f 1F10LieSci0 (evra) oe Then po = petPr = z Pn = Posi = ody” onl ¢) bE = B(wage a os) =I we oF Ape Zico. * L-( fede 2 Wem Me /n 7B Ye © P= ee we nl, nt * cc be Ee = eet notice that p need nat be A! in this We Ya LedWs Mu sp nee Ac 2 2 2 —o eros. a TOS ~ 2-98 . oLe- The, pis Ake ape, Paz 2-I-Po fe “ay Po ® 2 7 Ze = et Peal 1% pre Pe2e2 19-14 4 4 R513 eS FPS OD mw OL OL eB ee a ) ef - * Bat Apo Ohe spew + 4Dnoa = 9 Pr Ai ans ° 9c octeo 41 5-4 (a) State ns # machines broken down Since the 3% wachine ts shut off when the BA wachine breaks, N= G4 o 2. Aes Ba a a. hed Maz (b) The balance equations are ~ =G/a B® (R20, = 6 P20 PR, Solving the bulance equakions we obtacn, CP, Pade (200 Ares, ©Oaua , 8/263)« (He, 204.014) (CDE Ly operators available]: 2%+ dR + ORs = 520/463 = 4-997 S548, gy fayiat ns number ef customers gn the system Then the rate diagrams Se _® 14d~~ te) The balance equations are The balance equations ar Bek Rrerk the kee 782% ae 8 tby The state space has te be more comple in this case because. you need to Krew: how many customers ave being Worked cn by the server. Let the state be (5,4) where S= number of customers being served Fe number of customers in the queue Then the cate diagram ¢ The balance equations ave aber fet Se We t Ft As \ASA6 CaLet the state be ¢m., Mh) where Ranumber of type Customers in the 4 ystem DLE number of Upe 2 customers in the spiten Then the rate Atngam C4 Fe fe 12.8, * Ba) 10 Top *24Po ts) 128) > « Tyee | customers ave blocked when the system is in state c2,01 or (6!) which mntans that the fraction unable te enter the System if Fiat B= 35/087 Type 2 customers are blcked when the system i 1 sete mantiey wm (2/0) which means that the Fraction unable To enter the system iS Bother By = 15/187 13-13 . ¢ eee‘ a Wel 84.5 Mah, babs pate 7 For MIM{A queMe , Peat -Ay Ya and Praltaplpre (el desired proportion of tome = 3 2 34 /aa. G2 Asie, fee, Pee (rdpade prpotin 4] Pe oe 8 wai 19.63 () W mem (Hed) : We Bx , PRM rwhe AEE ER = HOY b) Vig = aft too ‘ ia Oe f. peter tro a PERE MES = 1 adpiny = Pech ite) = fee GH Powe Pp, Wye Bey » (= Ppo)® = ge - # = Rp” aE) Tae A ape 8 =~#_ . wy Pe fem A AY Kf ee A yer) BEF as ats set, pean The system wethout the storage restrictcon ¢s a MIMI quere. TE n square fect Of Floor space were Avaclable For wacting the proportion of tre thes Would be sufferent is FR. Thus we wamt to find Ay Sach that Zh Be For £-40,3 pwhere qe-5,q0 149-79 Now “Se rue Sipps geeoue te Ye & & ge nt NBD Ge > POE A ay Colm adtnp S baht)

, La vhen pood, but Leff on 7 VAé-7 &) False ») True. woken p> Lhvo £) Tee. 6-8 4) Tue 4) False co) True, 5-9 a) = 3 customers 11 hours =0.075 hours 10) 10(0.075) = 2.25 customers 0.75 =0.25 1-0.75)0.75 = 0.188 ~ p)p* = (1-0.75)0.75 There is a 42% chance of having more than 2 customers at the checkout stand. b) Data 7290 (ean arival Fats) w= 40. (mean service rate} 1 servers) Pian) = 39766-31 when t= 7 Probiayst) = 1.aa7e20 whent= § POsPIaP2= 0.578125 tas 46-9 Prob(a>t) = 9.580E-66 PosPIsPo= 0.875 ©) pat 28x customer H-2 00-30 10.933 hours 60-30 4 20. 0.017 hows H(A) 60(60-30) 1, = AW, = 30(0,075) = 0.5 customer 0.5=05 1-0.5)0.5 =U -0.5)0.5° = 0.125 There is a 12.5% chance of having more than 2 customers at che checkout stand. ‘SO___(mean acval rate) 60 mean service rate} Me servers) Piast) = 6.260602 when z whent= 5 ©) The manager should adopt the new approach of adding another person to bag the groceries, IF 16E10 a Data as 10 {mean arrival rate) = 26 {mean service rate) se 1 it sewers) Prot) = 0.0067379) when t= 0.5 Probiaypt) = 0.00368 when t= 0.5 POsP1sP24PO+P4=PS= 0.984975 All the criteria are currently being satisfied. b) Data TS {mean arrival vata) (mean service rate) Priest) = 0.082085 whent= 0.5 Problas>t) = 0.0618637: whent= 0.8 PO+P1+P2+P34P44PS= o.ez2021484 None of the criteria are now satisfied, Itt Results T= 7 b= og 0. 0.08 ons} Pox 0.3] Re 0.26 Pee 0.125} Pos 0.0825 P= o.catzs| Ps= — o,018628| Results a T 5 het 2.25) we og Wa = 0.18 P 0.78 Pox 9.25] Ae 0.1875| Pe= o,140828) Ps= 0.10546875| P= 0,07910156| Pe= 0.05952617|uot ay (ean ara Tele) {mean service rate) # servers) Prw>i) = 0.0010217 whont= 95 Probla>i} = 0.0002659) whent= 9.5 POeP14P2+P3sPasPS= o.s2e6a0437 2.05128205] 0.80126205| 0.08205128| 0.03208128| 0.23076823| 0,28846158) ©.18028846) 6.11288028) ¢.07042818) 0,04401874| (moan arrival rete) (mean service rate} (8 sorvars} Priast) = 0.007S01e when t 5 Probia,t) = 7.680E-06 whent= 5 FOsP14P24P 3s P44 P54PEsP74PB4PE= 9.997282609 All the guidelines are currenily being met. 14-18Welt Data Resuns mean arrival rate) (mean service cate) Te 452650189) Lo= 1.52a30789 1.50943395 0,50943395} Prem) when t 0289006 0.75| Propiai) = 0.0034825 when t 5 Po = 0,09773585} PL = 0,11320755] = 0.16981 132 Po= 0.16981 132 0.12735849] Pe = 0,09551887 0.07183915| 0.05972996] 0.04029709] 0.09022277| PO+P14P24P3+PLaPSsPE4P7+PELPO= 0,9093817 The first two guidelines wil not be satisfied in one year but the third will be. ©) Five tellers will be needed in a year, fe-12 () 14-1410 reanarval aay 12 (meaneeree rate) PReap= Doeteoe whents 10 Rewutts * 16865867 we os} Wes oatescss7 be 089333533 Pot o:tecence? Pi= caseosees Fee oansvaore Port 0 305585556 FS, opssasoez bate Resuts 710 mean arma ar Te 100880555 Hk 12 mean seven te) = o.r7sa7003 it sees w= or0084a36 Wer comsar [—Pra-y=Teaaee2 | ‘wheat 10 pa a-tosceer Frolept= o2a5c08 Pet ganszsa7: vents 0 Pre gsess3725 Pee oze7356 posesee: 897875817 Ps posesr24e ata Resuts T= 10 erean avai) Te 0ssestest Be 12 feanservee ate) Lem cozzns6te ss wsevess w= o0ssss205 We conzes962 Piary= BOTESS whenis 10 pe O27777778 Probrep* 00877T01 Pos oasztsa06 whents 0 P= ascorsos Pee cteo04s7 PorpispasPse 0 983885426 Pe cossraas Dua resus 710 mean arava) Ts onsets be 12 man serwee rate) Le covesot0s Wwe aesezs4 We coodaser: Pate Tie whents 10 pe 020838593 Provfeg = oaTiOeeT Fem oases3i6s wents 0 Pr osetodaoe Po 0.15000061 overrosst6 Po ooueoise AF coortaty 1-20T= 10 frean ariva rae) w= 12 (mean service rats) a) 2 servers ss 8 (senens) 7 b). 3 servers ¢) 2 servers T5TE5S fo d) 1 server e) S servers Provost = 0.00T7#64 0.43487121 when t = oO 0.36214268 9 V server 015089278 g) 3 servers PosPrepzePoePaeP se 0999700926 oosrer465 0.00873222 o.00148637 BOM yay , He30, thes ab m/m/y Quene. E (rember of atrplones at the end of the thundestvm) = E( 4 airploaes befre thunderstone) + E(# arrived planes daring the thunder irom) 2e = bgt Ie = AUF) = 20 (52S +08) = HB GoM is, fs28, thi ah a mym/) Sane Pfewtomer doco nit haut to wait ¢ = Py = a et price /per gallon = nary ting = heey Hee 2. - , Expected ont = Zn Pa = Fe nprp) = a s A 6-14 Let Piwect}-Git) and let date. gin Then P§arrt}.4- Plo 2 So [t-Giol: Bm Pysartle “Lovee eye s+ Earl id wit ax] iFrerentiating bath seks we have! . 7 ee Ce eee Te pin one gh 2 Ze Cn = ep) 4, ep) eee hae uliepeniene Hing z fotdx = © perce by intepration, pOw>t) = foe [RalFGAB (ai tet PEM, ct} © GE) and let ABH. gle) Then Pi Wyre. 1-Gir) ot so Ot -Gt0}. 2 Pa PUSprth = Supp p Ce 23.) Differentcateng both sides eves gto =F ape (AEA) = Up areal F gar! = U-phaew® et = (A) (mae Pere Them Wa= (4) [% yeeros uaa () Let Pia c= GIO and let gle. gir Then Pat>tts 1-40 So Th Ger] = FP PES 28h : Syst! ewe oop Now *, ene 5, ea ae] low Pra Cd" Py for Bar Pe for nas. So differentiating both sides qeves 20-8 [Cor] [ a ert on) welars os = Pelswray* SATE Cae S* 3) 8 Gest} oe > Rew ay ett gat 2 Bluray gr Calpe Se v4: ROwt frapeomers 7 BLY. PL ert-p) ec OOO : rete Seen pe St = Rp S1U-pr Ge = 2 aly STU p A lg la Mote Ptah, a-petse seh = 2.99 Po*P, +Pe fotPrtFt 14-22ue s-2 B= 0.75 ee 0.085 o we 9.188 3 Wg= 9.021 5 P(W>t)si , wheret = 0 eae P(g > €) = 0.003, where t = 0.5 en Pi Wiy705 [tative 924 = PE Wy 785, ad drow val P44 ootomrs 721 = _PAWgrest = 0,008 = 00ip V= Po-p, Ie (o5 te) g-2t oe —_ @ we ge Dawa = og = Hd howe w 1S minites Welwence = soz ghee = to mimitec W bial = Pfelom}-belarn + p Lelarene f Donen = e+ eto 2 1.67 minus C0211 howe (b) Tew M/mya poses Asibtitese, peas, goa Ren OR omereiwre » WE 0.114 howe tc) fia bo/as, We arg ps be/a4 , We 020d = befaas, We one / feiyves,"heson gulteyareemsrt B= bo/aaf . W022 causes the Same [= 0973.45 | W e024 expected waiting £ime 14-23FG wDiohen dato, Hers, se 2, (current suchen) Le2d, lpr i067, Wro24, bg’ 8107 When X25 E75 1 GHb, (next year) Led, Igeud8? WrO4, Wy 20367 So, nant year yiels smaller L but Corgan Lp, 10 and Ud 4) wee er ay StS 9.17 O was qh OE wy, 463 Lag Wee, Az wr We pe 72 edt 43 4 pitrshre 2s re wb e= 9.78 Aw 6-24 BRNO) The fuse enltin of He grunting ann oe afta by tbr te Partnster of the steve tie dlictrilnition tov the Caitemay camertty vin Somice vs frm pa. Se the current state. of the system nacds fo tinclude Hise inform whe dustry of the -procur. Tle sties we Gn, $) where nz number of Customers vie the sqstim (21,3, +) sept Of the carvent paramdy to pi y . Carvent Ufa treet that ne oloes feta! = Then we have ; ren Thee fave oe P QD) @- “otete - tH) dPo= FoR * pea OHO Pea - Ape (A+ Paw = APs spo = HePast Pe Paz (atten Poa = Pau * thPoua + HeP ais (noe) {FoF nH .ewe a a : ©) Taree (ct ft) the bolanie eguttims at a very Large n and them Sova the vesting inthe, system ef eputing numerically. The rect ype lndion of te shlinary distibition shold be essodti exact if probabity of Poison, He davtrdation of the state of the system i the same gust hefwe an anivel and at on guottrary -pelst An tine PEW ct} = PLWSt| arrival prds date 0} P, + Fy eq ust] ovctud gids sete m9} Pry fa +S pe Wesel arcdeal finds code (He29% Pro aa Those 3 omnia attributions of uh ant respectively w exp Hi) 2) & convolution of exp(He) ond Erlang hfs, pn) and oF Cass, ns) The, pede} a Coe) pa Sel [Prine herehy Miter aI Je Gaye #Yfour SCS wie PS ge T ng VYE25 @W ARMA |. we aR me FATA... ad ARM Pe EAR = in) The solution given in Sec, 1b.6 ts: Fue (1-0 )p" fer nzoa ees Verifyeng that the above satisty the balance equations: equation (1: d-Li-p) FhO-pP ep AsmpsHd” ox fC gnation enn 5A Copp" 4 ater = Osayemppyt rtm s (at M)p . ae ay oe z 17-45(96-25 (6 a Bia LasporR Rpae y The salution given in Sec. Ib. 131 Pa ( in )e for ns 1,2 Verifysng: Peg eshte i vn te eae ES +e aes Gop ER pO MNP = taepa) 7a dex xe I othe ps AER Bee ae set - oo. ek Bd - yf ©) arQ=mk drBep gs Gel 2 eMA The solution given in Sex. Meat es: Be fe. athr few (4) vy: [! + *G) + aly] Re Bw? for wayr Verifying: . Dae a 2(AY) Ba (AV ae (hy) arse. 2% wee OK 2 RZ reas ae Ayr ea Gyy= = OMA Ya (Ue 2 fade a (Mult) eared (A= 2 OM) (As) a » A(aee) 2 a(R yr) (4B) & aan RAYA) ACA): mer PZ rea pare aC) Ore sax st) eK116-26 @) The M/M/s Model: a= 6 Po = 0.21053 Py = 9.31579 nea Po = 0.23684 P3 = 0.11842 s=3 Pg = 0.05921 Ps = 0.02961 Pg = 9.0148 By) = 0.0074 Pg = 0.0037 P9 = 0.00185 L= 1,737 Pig = 0.00093 P11 = 9.00046 Lge 0.237 Piz = 0.00023 Pa = 0.00012 w= 0.289 0.00006 ¢.00003 Wage 0.039 0.00001 0.00002 P(W> th = 0,026, where t = 1 o Pig = 0 P( Wig > t) = 0.237, where t = 0 P29 = 0 ) Pf a phone onewered innately F = 1 pf Were br, = Pfa lout me sewer to frac} = Pos PtP = 0.21053 + Os87f + 0.73684 = 0,763 (2) penile om bof = P= Pos (n21) Ph = PoretPe+Ps = 0.26158 @ The pated meoues are % the not page. Pfomtur'ng col dst $ = PE all three servers are. busy} = Ps = 0.13433 19-44 ;WA6-%S 17.624 Continued ) Finite Queue Variation of the M/M/s Model: 0.23883 0.35821 geeeescceeacco0ce (A) This ao a fintte Gilli ulation of M/M/s Model. Pate ng Ppltin Hea Asi, Het, Set, NS () Finite calling Population of the M//s Model: aed we? s=1 N=3 b= 1.421 Lge 0.632 w= 0.9 Wig= 0.4 14-28 Po = 0.22053 0.31579 0.31579 0.15789 B@o00000C800c00000(F.6-28 This isa tYM/2/m queue with K=2, A515, MIS. (a) Oy nas 0.35364 0.36364 n= 15 0.18182 0.09091 s=2 0 0 K=3 0 0 0 0 bei 0 0 Ig= 0.092 0 Pi3 = 0 w= 0.073 Pig = 0 Pis = 0 Wq= 0.007 Pig = 0 So, PEOL= Pet Pr= O27 6-29 ties cs a MIMITIK quene with Kat,5 and 5, respectively Also as 1/4 and oo 13 90 that ps 3% The Frction of customers last = Fax Lig). PX ey (a) tero spaces : Rafer, Gia). Bs 424 ()iwo spaces : Re «fda, Oh Ate 154 1 OAM Corfu spaces: FO 2d— O/4)% aha. ora )*) Has 19.630 m/mjs/K model by +2 oR & ors) Gulp sis” . ent ay 2 we) + sts 14-29136-30 Continued } = Bliio Le] 2 = Bima aeketty, Rieke 2 ee"), = hwy, «pt Cn- 5) pk S(a-p) carianalh Tica | es) W and Wy yepresent the waiting times of arriving customers whe exter the system. The probability that sucha customer finds n customers already there is: Pincuastomers in systemisystem not fulif= re Ofne Rl °o nek Ana 30: ker ' >ty=ats RPS te (a) PEW>E}= rg TM PLS rth = ot PL P{S, >t (b) P{ul,>t} Pr Bae Po {5,7} WB a) The M/M/s inodel with « finite calling population fits this queueing system, oO eta Results Te Oa98398 Ta aa eT 37I8OSETA B= 0.6 {ean servgo rate 21098836 ss 1 (# servers) N= 3 We 2.832] Wee 0.832| (size of population) p= 0.66668667 A-bar= 0,2695497| Po= 0.49200061 P= 092860041 Feo o.1aso4aca Pa= 0,09245436| The probabilities that there are 0, 1, 2, or 3 machines not running are P,, P,, P,, and P, respectively as shown in the spreadsheet above, The mean of this distribution is L=0.718 as shown above. wo£ 0718 ° A 0.253 = 2.832 hours. 17-30W633 4d) ‘The expected fraction of time thet the repair technician will be busy is the system utilization, which is 0.667. ¢) M/Ms model: Data Results T= 2 L.= 1,33339334 T= 9.59339985 crnean arval rate) n= 0.5 (mean service rate) 1 &@ servers) Data Te 03883389 [mean arial rate] v= 0.5 (mean service rate} u (# sorvers) We 9.47366421 e bata Results 9.833009 (max arnval rate) 0.5 (mean service rate) 2 (# servers) 3__{size of population) 2,03805788, 0,03305785| p= 0.33333939] dobar = 0.27191011 0.64606742] 0.36404434 0,08089888| PL = o.00898e75| The probabilities that there ure 0, 1, 2, or 3 machines not running are Py, P,. Py and P, respectively as shown in the spreadsheet above. The mean of thi distribution is L=0.553 as shown above. ‘The expected fruetion of time that the repair technician will be busy is the system utilization, which is 0.333. a) Alternative 1: Data {imax arrival rate) [mean service rata) (@ servers) Thee machines are the maximum that can be assigned to an operator while sti. achieving the required production rate. The average number not running is L=0,32. Thus, | —(0.32/3) = 89.7% of machines are running on the average. Utilization of servers= A = 1072 ~ 0,268, se ae) 1F-31b) Alternative 2: Data Results Tar arival ale) T= 1.124010 (mean service rate! ba= 0.03708214| (i sewers) {size of population) Three operators are required to achieve the required production rate. The average number not running is L=1.125. Thus, f - (1.125/12) = 90.6% of muedines are running on the average. X_ 4.350 Utilization of servers = sm GNA) ¢) Alternative 3; Data {max arrival rate) (mean se-vice rate) (# servers) {size of population) We 0.29602601 Wa= 0.11103986] ‘Two operators are required to achieve the required production rate, The average number not renning is L=1.035. Thus, 1 ~ (1,035/12) = 91.4% of machines are running on the average. A _ 4.386 Utilization of servers = = = > se (ENB) 19.634 ta) sinte vs Omi) where wn ve the number oF facled machines (m:0.12,3) and U us the stage of servece (which operation) for the machine under repace Liz OF mo machines are failed), 1,2) (ce) _State Rate cn = Rate out (9,0) Yahav ad ham Bo (1A) Peso © ALS Pag 2 Pa = Chat ated (A) ais 1a Torta Bea alin 9 YB BA Va Paar 2b +98) Pave , @) Hyun (ars) Re Fa Raa Pats O48) Pua a) Was ay 2 Se 14-32Bela (a) ye Wy 48M) a eae en YA (6) ye tig = HUe) => Ye PF For the proposal, As 4¥, weBo amd e-a p= 8 * saaat T. SE Ta Modei Weteanend ital [wad G [Eriure 15 ae eure 17 +R oh To = are ee 44 Pe onl 8 0088 Pgune 2. FAA (a? Let state (i,3) denote J callerg, umits Om the system, wits the calling unit being served at the jt stage OF his Serice. Then the state space ¢s:fio.0,(4,0, (4,00, (1.2), Q4)% The vate diagram cs. Note this analyses is possible because am Erlang distecbution with, Yur 4 amd k=2 ts equivalent fe the sum of tuo independent exponentials with Parameter Wy. Ve Hence the steady state equations are: 2 Pee 240% aot BR, HOPS attRa- oR, 2h = BR (b) The solution to these equations cs PG Pay Pans Pas Pade (Oda, aun, Pan Meth S288) Por th. Hence He set Re Mesa. at, 448 Be 45, as tS 403 Le A944. 545 62 © TE the service time ts exponential then the System cs an M/m/4 queue Le , chee As “4 ue Lemited to Kea and ndeYFF-A1 state ietn, 0) where nig the mumber of customers in the system (mp4) and f is the number of Completed arrival stages For currently arreving castomer (r= 0,4). FAFAZ ca) Let T be the repacr time Elt)= ECT toner reparr needed), (0.9) + + ECT major repair needed). (04)< 1.04) 5t)e 3.95 boars Now Let X be a benary, pardom varuable wit, Pike Depot and PlX=012 4-01 4, be amerpmoniol raniomvartable with mean ac (ria), with $e b and f28 then Wwe mau express Tas fallews: Te YK FY,-A) where X,%, Ye, are independent To caleulate § vorlT) we wse the forrnula: Vows © (War(T1x)} + Vow CECTIX)) Narlitx) 2 Var 0%). X + Vorb) x2 Cap )xe (eg) -x) SE var (TIX) « Pl e Ble 14-3% yetTAA- Ih (consp)- E(TIX) = EW). X + Ely) Omad Xe Mex, - ae ef a(&-E)* e = . 2. ¥ Ver EC) = (f fyi verk. fe L) eg Therefore , ~~ - ° Viel = Bake (i S)re- 4.645 Now we cam see that T has a varvance muck bigger than that of am expmenbial random Varabie with same mean,which woald be Cas Qoas ty pe P45 f= a: .4s Aaa ' Senee thes ts am MI GIA queue we cam apyly the following, formulas: Pos hepa h-.452.05 Ly: atetept. sursrre 48 205.93 BUA pd 2x%.08 Le prtgs 216.9% Was be. 245.2 a We wes Ls 24b.7? - Cod W [major repair reededs We * S 2 220.82 W [minor repair needed» Wa+.5 = 2th.32 Lonmjer eepecr machines * AO.) (230.2) » 22.00 msn repuit machenes A108) (246.30) 444.69 W)atate cs tm) where m is the number of tacted mochines and ¢ & the Fyre of reparr beeng done on machine under repair (ist denotes Yinor repurr amd e=2 denstes major repacr). IF dite14.4-12_lepatr'd) 4 SATAZ [Xa a ae vicbedded Markov chain ath sls fod Xu x felt Aaa Kast Ane Karo Aan 3 Re iin Faeroe the lentes Ce a ee So, the beatin bk a fo A Ay Hetty PF] ao Be as barat © Be Ay baa eC 0,317 Oubd a,016 0,00) OP] abe amt gaoy oof 06 007 o 8 mp al 8) Ren OR crueseazes., wee got fo=oPl, PrsorT?, pew oor, Pyaoso2 tod Kia 83 D Le prope apes 0233 oof Ja m/piy modal, PoP xp fi = 02+ 3icaa) * 0,225 SS, Le>k 81 — a —— 2) This system is an example of a nonpreemptive priority queueing system. b) (i Of priority classes) 20 (mean service rale) 1 sewers) 14-40 nae12.8-4 (gowt’D) O.TSEGEG7 O.08SEGGT 0.089005 0.0S0055 1,3339339 0.8993393 0.1399993 0.0833983 Prony Class Prionty Class 2 oy Mu _ 0.033 W,, 0.083 4) pil2)= 0.6 = 7.2 hours War [oa oy ew, Po set Meso {iiss | 533] 23g} a3] s6t]a ced see aoeg pea, Ae S bat9 [ae tata [aad 330). 795 [3.1 20) TH Wy fs the primary concern, one should choose the test alternative (one Fast server), On the Otmer hand, (fF Wg, és the primary concern, ore should choose the second alternative (two slow servers) Al3-3 4\ gh Conclusion : The approximation is aot Reed for we udvy UAzS Awa Age, Aged, wed ta) First come, furst served : We stoe d days (e) Nompreemptive Arabs gs wee Le) Preemptive Bint Aifude “V/s Bast Uavetidhe «ays 5 War Mw de tas days Bort Aim tds Was tan, «See BIAS clays wowed yd. 4. 20 days BB, tf TRO Wy, es Es 18s days BiB, 19-4)~ 498-5 Aye 04, Age OKA, Reem FT] Tecoties Prorctres bry | sea [set] e03 x Te pee Ba | ter tera es] Ba} eaa fess age Ba [ass 233 | 66h ww. £ [014 |.2000q 240 | ous Iws- Z| 090] 002e§] 246 034 sk | get].05493] g00 | 045 SAB-6 2) Te emeded mnber of cuitemers unablet sihee. oudemers of Jet tae howe 2 seme arial patorn and sonvice fines. The the por el Affect he del sence vale frm tia centr dvi OS ‘ta the fete) gene sie stags the soune ¥) Run OR course iene , Nonpraomptie Pravity -Pecipbia Gumeing i, Al we have fe peene Y r 3 < ms6 AL=5 Li = 1.37446 a2 = 5 Lg = 4.98009 Lith = 5.45455 0.27489 (Wa) = 0.108, 0.81602 tMq)2 = 9. easse for mina gurein yn, n= 10 L = 5.455 nee Lge 3.788 thus, beh. s=2 W= 0.545 FET oe state tui) denote coos of hugh preoncy andjSAG Cor) seas tein = Rate out : 7 12,95 HURgr Ral y+ Bad Rag wo firnt | Aan tA Bao = Gu rdrda) Re 1OsVEer jot | AAiPAg 9 Payer) + Aa Py, sea = Uae as Aa dPe, 5 GD Fe ARA g ag eAL Rays Germ ARS 12.91. vay Let the state be n,> oumber of type! enstomers in the system Then the rate diagram for type | castomers js: So . aa 7% J s (b> Let the state be n= number of customers in the system Then the rate diagram for the tote! number of customers is: SS SS OS te) Let the state be (n,n,) where f= number of type | customers in the system n= number of pe a customers in the system Then the rate diagram ts: ‘t 145-2, cay Ps ELA)” Fale (EYE) PAIL, AA )= Gyedh = RB = CME (b) PLN, Ma\=(oolte & fe) Lelytby= ta ae3 Wet ir tte = .3 hours 18 minutes (P43sa94 93 ibty j fa os x 170 nm joa, e J 9 oO 6 jen | 2 }o ° oO. -. 9 } em J ofo 6 oe Facility 5 Results a= 30 Mid 43 = 20 W pas (aner" Pus (L)(" Py (300% PEA, de wrt = BME EG" = (My, Ma, My) ) ps Cos PC Pas Pod (Pot) fellty fate, tt . (me y= & ge = oat @ L- bthealy = Beata =] {@) y= > = We aay s = 0.39 itedCASES WI-1 ay Status {0 ut the presses ~ 7.517 sheets of in-process inventory Data Results 7 (wean arrval Talay 1 (mean serwce rate) ue 10 senverst ‘Status quo at the inspection station — 7 wing sections of in-process -nventory Date Results a=? (mean arrival tale) T= 7 = Bean service vate) L 6.125] set sewers) Inventory cost = (7.517 + 78) = 8116.14 / hour Machine’ cost = (J0)(7) = $70/ hour Inspector cost = $17 / hour Total cost = $203.14 / hour 5) Proposal I will increase the in-process inventory at the presses to 11.147 sheets si Mean Service rate hus decreased, Data Results 7 (naan arival rate) 0.6833333 (mean servies sate) 10 iw sewers) e the The in-process inventory at the inspection station will not change. Inventory cost = (1) 147 + 7(8) = $145.18 / hour Machine cost = (10)(6.5) = $65 / hour Inspector cost = $17 / hour Total cost = $227.18 / hour This total cost is higher than for the status quo so should not be adopted. The ma rouson [er the higher cost is that slowing down the machines won't change in-process inventory for the inspection station. ©) Proposal 2 will decrease the in-process sections since the mean s Data =? tinean arival ray 8.3993853 (mean service tate) ventory at the inspection station to 4,148 wing vice rate has increased, 2 {shape parameter} 1 te servers) ‘The in-process inventory at the presses will not change. Inventory cost = (7.517 + 4.148\8) = $90.44 / hour Machine'cost = (107) = $70/ hour Inypecior cost = $197 hour Total cost $179.44 / hour Ceont Dd; [FAScat 11-1 (cont'd) a ‘This total cost is lower than for the status quo so should be adopted. The main reason for the lower cost is the increase in the service rate and the resulting decrease in the in- process inventory. As seen above, proposal 2 should be adopted to reduce the average level of in-process inventory at the inspection station from 7 104-148 wing sections. Inventory cost will be reduced by $25.30/ hour while inspector costs only increase $2 / hour for a tocal savings of $23,70/ hour. 14-46