88 Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants

i'ur V Q I V C S : */o closed

Le
5,000
d

40

'Ball check valve, open

Swing check valve, open
*45O-Y Globe valve, open
I QOoclose screwed return
Screwed o r fobricated tee
thru branch and
9 0 O s i n g l e - miter elbow

Welding t e e t h r u branch
*Butterfly valve, open
Submerged discharge
'3-Way plug cock, st. thru, open /
-
90"standard screwed o r
60"single-miter elbow -
0
a
0
U
4 5" Ia l e rat t h ru bronch
90"Iong-sweep o r
30"double -miter elbow
'Plug cock, full port, open
Screwed o r fabricated
tee or l a t e r a l t h r u run
submerged entrance

90"t r i p l e - m i t e r or
45Osingle miter elbow
1 80°welding return o r
45' screwed elbow
Welding tee t h r u run

Nol t e' : d =Small Pipe, dia. inches

d'=Large Pipe,dia. inches
R 2 Bend Radius,inches
For Eccentric Reducers,
Increase Values o f Concentric
Reducers by 33 1/3 yo.
Values for Tees and Laterals
Apply to Full Size Fittings,
Losses Larger for Side Outlets.
*Added by author 1-76
3-Way plug cock opening Is
80% of pipe size.
For partially closed globe-type valves,
For elbows 8 bends: R/d = 0 2 4 6 8 Multiply open Le by:
For contractions & 3/4 open 3.25
enlargemenls: d/d'= 0 42 0.4 0.6 0,8
1/2 open 12.0
1/4 open 72.0

Figure 2-21. Equivalent length of fittings for pipe systems. Note: preferred use for 1%in. and larger pipe butt-welded or socket-welded con-
nections (this author). By permission, Tube Turns Div., Chemitron Corp. Bull. 7T 725, 1952, reference now to Tube Turns Technologies, Inc.
 Fluid Flow 79

4y50
K, = 0.236
K, = 0.016 K, = 0.034 K, = 0.042 K, = 0.066 K, = 0.130
K, = 0.024 K,= 0.044 K, = 0.062 K, = 0.154 K, = 0.1 65 K. = 0.320

K, = 0.400
,= 0.112 K,= 0.323 K,= 0.601
= 0.284

"OPTIMUM VALUE OF a INTERPOLATED

K, = RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT FOR SMOOTH SURFACE
IC, = RESISTANCE GOEFFICIENT FOR ROUGH SURFACE, -1. sz 0.0022
D

Figure 2-14. Resistance coefficients for miter bends at Reynolds number = 2.25 x 1O5 for water. Reprinted by permission, Hydraulic Institute
Engineering Data Book, .I st Ed., 1979, Cleveland, Ohio.

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

ESISTANCE COEFFICIENTS FOR REDUCERS

Figure 2-65. Resistance coefficients for reducers for water. Reprinted by permission, Hydraulic Institute, Engineering Data
Cleveland, Ohio,