1

Practice Set 1

This Paper “Practice Set 1” is taken from our:

ISBN : 9789386629036
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PRACTICE SET 1
INSTRUCTIONS
1. There are a total of 65 questions carrying 100 marks. Duration of the set is 3 hrs.
2. This question paper consists of 2 sections, General Aptitude (GA) for 15 marks and the subject specific
GATE paper for 85 marks. Both these sections are compulsory.
3. The GA section consists of 10 questions. Question numbers 1 to 5 are of 1-mark each, while question numbers 6 to
10 are of 2-marks each. The subject specific GATE paper section consists of 55 questions, out of which question
numbers 11 to 35 are of 1-mark each, while question numbers 36 to 65 are of 2-marks each.
4. Questions are of Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) or Numerical Answer type. A multiple choice question will have
four choices for the answer with only one correct choice. For numerical answer type questions, the answer is a number
and no choices will be given.
5. Questions not attempted will result in zero mark. Wrong answers for multiple choice type questions will result in
1
NEGATIVE marks. For all 1 mark questions, mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. For all 2 marks questions,
3
2
mark will be deducted for each wrong answer..
3
6. There is NO NEGATIVE MARKING for questions of NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE.

GENERAL APTITUDE 4. Operators *, $, ® are defined by

x-y x+y
QUESTION 1 TO 5 CARRY ONE MARK EACH x*y= ; x $ y = x - y ; x ® y = xy..
x+y
1. Choose the best word to fill the blank. Find the value of (55 * 5) ® (55 $ 5).
(a) –1 (b) –2
Paula’s _______ humor does not amuse many people; (c) 1 (d) 2
rather many find it offensive and hurtful.
a b
(a) nebulous (b) truncated 5. If log + log = log(a + b) then
(c) stoic (d) vitriolic b a
2. Choose the best word to fill the blank. (a) a + b = 1 (b) a – b = 1
(c) a = b (d) a2 – b2 = 1
The play’s _______ debut was not a good sign for the
struggling producer. QUESTION 6 TO 10 CARRY TWO MARKS EACH
(a) Unsubstantial (b) inauspicious 6. Walk into any supermarket or pharmacy and you will find
(c) copious (d) disembodied several shelves of products designed to protect adults
3. Replace the underlined portion with the phrase that best and children from the sun. Additionally, a host of public
completes the sentence. If the sentence is correct as is, health campaigns have been created, including National
choose (a). When making a chocolate torte, only the best Skin Cancer Awareness Month, that warn us about the
ingredients should be used. sun's damaging UV rays and provide guidelines about
(a) only the best ingredients should be used. protecting ourselves. While warnings about the sun's
(b) you should use only the best ingredients. dangers are frequent, a recent survey found that fewer
(c) the best ingredients only should be used. than half of all adults adequately protect themselves from
(d) one should have used only the best ingredients. the sun.
 3
This paragraph best supports the statement that (a) y (n) is non-causal with finite support
(a) children are better protected from the sun's dangerous (b) y (n) is causal with finite support
rays than adults.
(c) y (n) = 0; | n | > 3
(b) sales of sun protection products are at an all-time
high. (d) None of these
(c) adults are not heeding the warnings about the 12. The transfer function of two compensators are given below
dangers of sun exposure seriously enough. 10 ( s + 1) s + 10
(d) more adults have skin cancer now than ever before. C1 = , C2 =
( s + 10) 10 ( s + 1)
7. Four people witnessed a mugging. Each gave a different
description of the mugger. Which description is probably Which one of the following statement is correct?
right? (a) C1 is a lead compensator and C2 is a lag compensator
(a) He was average height, thin, and middle-aged.
(b) C1 is a lag compensator and C2 is a lead compensator
(b) He was tall, thin, and middle-aged.
(c) He was tall, thin, and young. (c) Both C1 and C2 are lead compensators
(d) He was tall, of average weight, and middle-aged. (d) Both C1 and C2 are lag compensators
8. Jullie leaves home at 11:00 a.m. and rides to Mary’s house 13. Which of the following is not a solution of the Ordinary
to return Mary’s bicycle. She travels at 12 miles per hour Differential Equations (ODE) 2xy¢ = 10x3 y5 + y?
and arrives at 11:30 a.m. She turns right around and walks
7
home. How fast does she walk if she returns home at 1:00 ( x) 20 2
p.m.? (a) yeIn = x +c
7
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4 7
20 2
9. Manjeet lends equal sum of money at the same rate of (b) y x= x +c
interest to A and B. The money lends to A becomes twice 7
of the original amount in just four years at simple interest. 1 1
While Manjeet lends to B for the first two years at (c) ò 2 In( x )dx 2 ò 2 In ( x )dx dx + c
ye = ò 10x e
compound interest and for the rest two years at simple
interest. If the difference between the amount A and B 1 ( ) 1
after 4 years is ` 3300. What is the amount that Manjeet (d)
In x dx
2 ò 2x dx
ye 2 = ò (10x e )dx + c
lends to each one?
(a) ` 7200 (b) ` 9600 14. The singular solution of p = tan (px – y) is
(c) ` 10,000 (d) ` 11,500
10. The chart shows the colors of replacement parts for 1- x 1- x
(a) y = x - tan -1
pocket PCs. The total number of parts shipped is 1,650. x x

Boxed Set of Replacement Parts é 1- x 1- x ù

(b) y = x ê - tan -1 ú
Part Color Number of Prices x x ûú
ëê
Green 430
Red 425 (c) y = 1 - x – tan – 1 x
Blue
(d) y = x2 1 - x - tan -1 1 - x
Yellow 345
TOTAL 1650 1
15. If f (0) = 2 and f (x) = , then lower and upper bound of
5 - x2
If a person is randomly grabbed a part out of the box,
what is the probability that the part would be blue? f (t) estimated by the mean value theorem are
(a) 1/4 (b) 1/9 (a) 1.9, 2.2 (b) 2.2, 2.25
(c) 1/12 (d) 3/11 (c) 2.25, 2.5 (d) None of these
16. The values of A, B, C and D satisfy the following
TECHNICAL SECTION simultaneous boolean equations is

QUESTION 11 TO 35 CARRY ONE MARK EACH A + AB = 0, AB = AC

AB + AC + CD = CD
11. The z-transform of a signal x[n] is given by 4z – 3 + 3z – 1 + 2
(a) A = 1, B = 0, C = 0, D = 1
– 6z2 + 2z3. It is applied to a system, with a transfer function
(b) A = 1, B = 1, C = 0, D = 1
H(z) = 3z – 1 – 2. Let the output to be y [n]. Which of the
(c) A = 1, B = 0, C = 1, D = 1
following is true?
(d) A = 1, B = 0, C = 0, D = 0
4
17. In the given figure what will be V01 /V02. If the input is 21. The Nyquist plot shown of the system is
existed by the sinusoidal of peak voltage Vm

(a) 1 (b) 2 (a) stable (b) unstable

4 3 (b) marginal stable (d) can’t be determined
(c) (d)
3 4 22. The distribution function Fx (x) of a random variable x is
18. Equivalent inductive reactance of the coupled circuit shown shown in figure. The probability that x = 4 is
in figure.

(a) j 10 W (b) – j 10 W
(b) j 12 W (d) – j 12 W
19. The switch in figure shown below has been in position 1 for
a long time and is then moved to position 2 at t = 0.
23. The primary and secondary windings of a 40 kVA, 6600/250
25 kW 10 u(t)
1 2 + – V single phase transformer have resistance of 10W ad 0.04
W respectively. The total leakage reactance is 30 W as
referred to the primary winding, the half load regulation at
IL power factor of 0.8 lagging in percent is ________.
20 kW 5H 24. A 200/100V, single-phase transformer is rated 10 kVA. This
transformer is connected as an auto-transformer across a
50V supply (the winding designed for 100 V should be
+
6V 20 PF V connected across 50 V supply) for getting maximum output
– C 4H 1 kW voltage. If the load current is now 8A, then the input current
50 kW of the auto-transformer in ampere is ________.
25. A 4 bit ripple counter is made using flip-flop having a
propagation delay of 10 ns each. The worst case delay of
ripple counter will be
dVc ( t )
The value of Vc ( 0 ) ,
+ 26. The industance of a 20A electrodynamic ammeter changes
are respectively
dt t =0 uniformly at the rate of 0.0035mH/degree. The spring
(a) –4V, 700V/s (b) + 1V, 350V/s constant is 10–6 N-m/degree. The angular deflection at full
(c) + 4V, –700V/s (d) None of these scale in degree is ________.
20. The transmission parameter of two port network 27. For a stable closed loop system, the gain at phase cross-
over frequency should always be
(a) > 1 (b) 0 dB
(c) > 0 dB (d) Both (a) and (c)
28. The overall transfer function of the system in figure is

é1 0 ù é1 1/2 ù
(a) ê ú (b) ê ú
ë2 1û ë0 1 û

é 1 0ù é0 0ù
(c) ê ú (d) ê ú
ë1/2 1 û ë1 1û
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32. In the following lattice network the value of RL for the
G 2G
(a) (b) maximum power transfer to it is
1 - GH 1 - GH
7W
GH 2G
(c) (d)
1 - GH 1- H 6W
RL
29. The circuit shown in figure, the output V follows an equation 5W
d 2V dV
+a + bV = f (t). Then (a, b, f (t)) would be
dt 2 dt 9W
33. The forced response for the capacitor voltage vf(t) is
100 W

– vx + iL

avx 50 W 20 mH

(a) 0.2t + 1.17 ´ 10–3 V (b) 0.2t – 1.17 × 10–3 V

–3
(c) 1.17 ´ 10 t – 0.2 V (d) 1.17 ´ 10–3 t + 0.2 V
34. A discrete signal y[n] is related to another discrete signal
x[n] given as, y[n] = x[n/2] when n is even. For odd values of
n holds the value of earlier samples. Express z-transform of
(a) (1, 0, e t ) (b) (0, 1, et ) y[n] in terms of z-transform of x[n].
–
(c) (1, 0, e ) t (d) (–1, 0, et ) (a) X (z2)
30. The following program is written for 8085 microprocessor to (b) X (z2) + 1/2 (z + 1/z) X ( z)
add two byte located at memory addresses 1FEE and 1FFF (c) (1 + z–1) X (z2)
LXI H, 1FF
X ( z 2 ) + ç z + ÷ éë X ( z ) + X( - Z) ùû if x ( 0 ) = 0
1æ 1ö
MOV B, M (d)
INR L 4è 2ø
MOV A, M 35. An ammeter has a range of 0 to 50 A. The instrument gave
ADD B the following readings.
INR L
Current flow (A) 0 8 16 24 32 40
MOV M, A
XOR A Ammeter reading 2 7 14 23 33 45
On completion of the execution of the program, the result of
addition is found The non-linearity of the instrument in terms of full scale
reading in percent is ________.
(a) in the register A
(b) at the memory address 1000 QUESTIONS 36 TO 65 CARRY 2 MARKS EACH
(c) at the memory address 1F00
36. f(x, y) is a continuous function defined over (x, y) Î [0, 1]
(d) at the memory address 2000
× [0, 1]. Given the two constraints, x > y2 and y > x2, the
31. In the circuit of the fig., the value of the voltage source E is
_________. volume under f(x, y) is
y=1 x = y
V2 0V
(a) òy = 0 òx = y2 f ( x, y) dx dy
+

– y=1 x =1
(b) òy = x 2 òx = y2 f ( x, y ) dx dy
–
2V 1V
+
– E y =1 x =1
(c) òy = 0 òx = 0 f ( x, y ) dx dy
4V 5V
–
+
+

–
y= x x= y
(d) òy = 0 òx = 0 f ( x, y ) dx dy
V1 10 V
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dx 44. An oscilloscope has input resistance of 1 MW and input
37. A differential equation = e–2t u(t) has to be solved capacitance of 45 PF. It is used with a compensated 20 : 1
dt attenuation probe. What are the probe parameters and what
using trapezoidal rule of integration with a step size is the effective resistance at probe tip?
h = 0.01s. Function u(t) indicates a unit step function. If (a) 19 MW, 2.37 pF, 20 MW (b) 20 MW, 2.25 pF, 19 MW
x (0–) = 0, then value of x at t = 0.01 s will be given by (c) 19 MW, 2.25 pF, 20 MW (d) 20 MW, 2.37 pF, 19 MW
38. Equation ex – 1 = 0 is required to be solved using Newton’s 45. In the infinite plane y = 6m, there exists a uniform surface
method with an initial guessx0 = –1. Then, after one step of
Newton’s method, estimate x1 of the solution will be given æ 1 ö 2
by ______________ charge density of ç ÷ mC / m . The associated electric
è 600 p ø
dx 1 – x field strength is _______ V/m.
39. The differential equation = is discretised using 46. The minimum small-signal diffusion resistance of an ideal
dt t
Euler’s numerical integration method with a time step forward-based silicon pn junction diode at T = 300 K is to be
DT > 0. What is the maximum permissible value of DT to rd = 48 W. The reverse saturation current is Is = 2 ´ 10–11 A.
ensure stability of the solution of the corresponding discrete The maximum applied forward-bias voltage that can be
time equation? applied to meet this specification is __________
47. An n-type GaAs semiconductor is doped with Nd = 1016 cm–3
t Na = 0. The minority carrier lifetime is Tp0 = 2 ´ 10–7 s. If a
(a) 1 (b)
2 uniform generation rate, g¢ = 2 ´ 1021 cm–3 s–1, is incident
(c) t (d) 2t on the semiconductor then, the steady-state increase in
40. A square matrix B is skew symmetric if conductivity will be __________
(a) BT = –B (b) BT = B 48. A system consisting of 2 plants connected by a transmission
(c) B–1 = B (d) B–1 = BT line and the load is located at plant 2. When 100 MW is
41. A 3-phase star-connected alternator with Zs = j8W, delivers
transmitted from plant 1, a loss of 10 MW takes place in
200 A at power factor 0.8 lagging to 11 kV infinite bus with
stram supply unchanged, Assume rotational losses to remain transmission line.
constant. The percentage increase or decrease in the Determine the power received by the load when l for the
excitation emf, necessary to raise the PF to unity is ________. system in `25 MWh and
42. The two power stations A and B are located close together.
dF1 dF
Station A has 4 identical generaters each rated as 100 MVA = 0.02 P1 + 17 and 2 = 0.06P2 + 19
and having inertia constant of 9 MJ/MVA. Station B has 3 dP1 dP2
atternators of identical rated as 300 MVA 6MJ/MVA. The (a) 114.28 MW (b) 204.28 MW
equivalent inertia constant of the both machines on 150 MVA
base is ______ . (c) 295.54 MW (d) 201.22 MW
43. Consider the following statements relating to a circular disc 49. For the circuit shown below, the transistor parameter are
rotating in a traverse magnetic field B Wb/m2 as shown in VTN = 0.8 V and k¢n = 30µA/V2. If output voltage Vo = 0.1V,
figure. The generated emf across outer rim A and centre 0 is when input voltage is Vi = 4.2 V, the required transistor width-
proportional to to length ratio is __________
+5V
B B

10 kW

Vo
Vi
A
O

w rad/s 50. A bipolar amplifier circuit shown below, exhibits the following
characteristic
VCC

1. Angular velocity 1 kW RC
2. Flux density
3. Cube of the Radius of the disc vo
4. Square of the radius of the disc vin Q1
Of these statements which are correct.
(a) 1, 2, 3 are correct (b) 1, 2, 4 are correct
(c) 2, 4 are correct (d) 1, 2 are correct
 7
æV ö X(f)
IC = Is exp ç BE ÷ , VT = 25 mV
è 2VT ø
0.5
If there is no early effect, then voltage gain of the amplifier
for a bias current IC = 1 mA is __________
51. Assuming that the diodes in the given circuit are ideal, the ¢ f(kHz)
–2 –1 0 2
voltage V0 is __________
Which of the following frequency component will be present
10 kW in Y(f)
(a) 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz (b) 2 kHz, 3 kHz, 5 kHz
(c) 2 kHz, 3 kHz, 7 kHz (d) 2 kHz, 3 kHz
10 kW 56. What is the condition at which voltage across capacitor or
inductor is maximum?
Vo 15 V
10 V
R L C
10 kW

52. Consider the following 8085 assembly program:

MVI B, 89H
MOV A, B
MOV C, A
MVI D, 37H 1
OUT PORT1
(a) fL =
1 1 - R 2C
HLT 2p LC 2L
The output at PORT 1 is __________
53. A five-bit DAC produces 10 mA for a digital input of 10100.
For digital input of 11101 output current in mA is ______ 1 1
fL =
54. The step size of the DAC of the given figure can be changed (b) 2p LC R 2L
1-
by changing the value of Rf. 2C

Rf = 1 kW
MSB 1 kW 1 1 R2
D (c) fL = -
+Vs 2p LC 2 L
2 kW
Digital inputs C –
4 kW Vout
0 V to 5 V 1
B + (d) fL =
2p LC
ISB 8 kW –Vs
A
57. Ten thyristors are used in a string to with stand a DC voltage
Which of the following represents the required value of Rf of Vs = 15 kV. The maximum leakage current and recovery
for a step size of 0.5 V ? charge difference of thyristor are 10 mA and 150 mC,
(a) 80 W (b) 160 W respectively. Each thyristor has a voltage-sharing resistance
(c) 1600 W (d) 800 W of R = 545 kW and capacitance of C1 = 0.5mF. The maximum
55. A signal whose spectrum is shown figure below is applied to steady state voltage-sharing VDS(max) in volt is _______.
the following system. 58. A 4-pole, 3-phase, star connected slip-ring induction motor
is to operate from 400 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz mains. Its rotor has
X(f) H(f) Ideal LPF Y(f)
a stand still leakage impedance of 0.4 + j 2 ohms per phase.
¥ For negligible stator impedance and rotational losses, the
where H(f) = 5000 å d (f – 5000k) and cutoff frequency of resistance to be included in the rotor circuit to develop 0.8
k =¥
of maximum torque at start in Ohm is _______.
the ideal 59. Consider the Bode magnitude plot shown in figure. Transfer
LP-filter is fc = 5 kHz. function is
8
dB (a) 15.5 V, 150 Hz (b) 10.61 V, 50 Hz
6 dB/oct (c) 16.51 V, 50 Hz (d) 15 V, 150 Hz
64. If the rotor power factor of a 3-phase induction motor is
0.866, the displacement between the stator magnetic field
32 –6 dB/oct and the rotor magnetic field in degree is _________.
12 dB/oct 65. The capacitor in the circuit as shown below is initially
charged to 12 V with S1 and S2 open S1 is closed at t = 0 while
S2 is closed at t = 3. The waveform of the current in the
capacitor is represented by

1W
0.1 0.5 1 5 10 g(w)
S1
113.13 s 2 79.43 s 2
(a) (b)
(1 + 2s )(1 + s ) (1 + 0.2s ) ( s + 0.5 )( s + 1)( s + 5 )
+
79.43s 2
113.13s 2 12 V C 2W S2
(c) (d) –
(1 + 2s ) (1 + ) (1 + 0.2s ) ( s + 0.5 )( s + 1)( s + 5 ) 1F
60. For the circuit shown below, the Thevenin equivalent is
given by
RF RO
T
+ VF –
4A
+ + V
VS – – (a)
Fm

3 6 t
H
m
(a) VTH = Vs , R TH = R 0
m +1
4A
-m (b)
(b) VTH = Vs , R TH = (1 + m ) R 0
m +1
mR 0 3 6 t
(c) VTH = Vs , R TH = mR 0
m +1

m
(d) VTH = Vs , R TH = (1 + m ) R 0
m +1 4A
61. A 3 kV, 750 A power electronic circuit has thyristors with 800 (c)
V and 175 A rating. Using a derating of 25%, find the number
of thyristors in series and parallel.
(a) 5, 6 (b) 6, 5 3 6 t
(c) 5, 5 (d) 6, 6
62. The percentage resistance and reactance of a 50 kVA, 400/
200V, single phase transformer are 3% and 5% respectively.
If the constant losses in the transformer are 1%, the maximum 4A
possible efficiency of the transformer is ________. (d)
63. An analog oscilloscope is calibrated for 10 volt per div and
its sweep circuit is set for 50 ms. Two and half cycle of sine
wave with a distance of 3 div between upper and lower t
3 6
extremities appear on the screen. What is the rms voltage
and frequency of sine wave?
 9

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

1. (d) Vitriolic (adj.) means bitterly scathing; conflict. P´ 4´ r
2. (b) Inauspicious (adj.) means not favourable or 9. (b) A: P =
100
unfortunate; not promising success.
Þ r = 25%
3. (b) This is the only option in which the sentence
2
construction is clear and unambiguous. In option (a) æ 25 ö 25P
B : P ç1 + ÷ =
and (c), the sentence reads as though the ingredients è 100 ø 16
were making the torte. Option (d) is incorrect
because there is a shift in tense from present 25 P 2 ´ 25 25 P
Again ´ =
(making) to past perfect (should have used). 16 100 32
Therefore total amount of A after 4 years = 2P
æ 55 - 5 ö æ 55 + 5 ö
4. (c) ç ÷ ®ç ÷ and total amount of B after 4 years
è 55 + 5 ø è 55 - 5 ø
25P 25P 75P
= + =
50 60 16 32 32
Þ ®
60 50 Therefore difference in amount

50 60 75P 11p
Þ ´ =1 = - 2P = = 3300
60 50 32 32
Þ p = 9600
a b 10. (d) 430 + 425 + 345 = 1200 parts are accounted for. Since
5. (a) log + log = log(a + b)
b a the total is 1650; 1650 – 1200 = 450 blue parts. When
randomly picking a part, the chance of getting blue
æa bö
Þ log ç ´ ÷ = log ( a + b ) 450 3
èb aø is 450 out of 1650 = = .
1650 11
Þ log1 = log (a + b) 11. (a) Given X(z) = 4z –3 + 3z – 1 + 2 – 6z2 + 2z3
H(z) = 3z –1 – 2
Þ a +b = 1 Y(z) = X(z) H(z)
6. (c) The last sentence gives direct support for this Y(z) = 12z – 4 – 8z – 3 + 9z – 2 – 4 – 18z + 18z2 – 4z3
response. Although children might be better The Y (z) contain term z, z2, z3.
protected from the sun than adults, the paragraph Hence, y (n) has the term having positive values.
Hence, y (n) is non causal with finite support.
does not specifically cite statistics about children, so
12. (a) Given
we can't know for sure, ruling out option (a). There
is no evidence provided in the paragraph to support 10 ( s + 1) s + 10
C1 = , C2 =
option (b) and (d). ( s + 10) 10 ( s + 1)
7. (b) Tall, thin, and middle-aged are the elements of the
description repeated most often and are therefore the
most likely to be accurate.
8. (d) The distances are equal. Therefore,

3
6= x
2
12 = 3x
x=4
She walked at 4 mph.
10
13. (c) 2xy¢ = 10x3 y5 + y Eliminating c between (2) and (3) the required singular
dy solution is
Linear equation +P y =Q
dx 1- x 1- x
y= x - tan -1
where, P and Q are f(X). x x
This can be solved by Integrating Factor (IF) = e ò Pdx 15. (a) From mean value theorem
f (1) - f (0)
ye ò = ò Qe ò
Pdx Pdx = f ¢(x), x Î [0, 1]
dx + c
1- 0
2xy¢ = 10x3 y5 + y
2x
dy f (1) = 2 +
2x = 10x3 y5 + y (5 - x 2 )2
dx
[Q f (0) = 2]
dy
Þ 2x - y = 10x3 y5 Lower bound of f (1) = 2 + 0 = 2
dx
2
1 dy 1 Upper bound of f (1) = 2 + = 2.125
- = 10x 2 (5 - 1)2
5 dx
y 2xy 4
16. (d) Given A + AB = 0 and AB = AC
1 Let A = 1 and B = 0
Let t = -
y4 then, A + BA = 1 + 1.0
Differentiating wrt x, = 0+0=0
And also AB = 1.0 = 0
dt dy 1 AC = 1.0 = 0 then, C = 0
= hence
dx dx y 5 We have also given

dt t = AB + AC + CD = 1.0 + 1.0 + 0.D

+ = 10x 2 = 0 +1.1 + 0
dx 2x
= 0+ 1+0=1
1
ò dx So, CD should be 1
IF = e 2x = e In x = x sinceIn x = x
Hence correct solution is for this let D = 0
Þ CD = 0.0
y x = ò 10x 2 x + c
= 0 =1
7 Hence , A = 1, B = 0, C = 0, D = 0
20 2
y x= +c
x 17. (d) The circuit shown in figure act as voltage multiplication
7
circuit.
We can also write this as The V01 = 3Vm (voltage trippler circuit)
1 ( ) 1 V02 = 4Vm (voltage quadruple circuit)
In x dx ò 2x dx In x
ye 2 = ò (10x 2e ) dx + c, since = x V01 3
=
14. (a) The given differntial equation is V02 4
p = tan (px – y) or y = px – tan – 1 p ...(1) 18. (c) The dotted convention for the circuit is
This equation is in the form of the Clairaut’s equation.
The general solution of this equation is
y =(x – tan – 1 c) ...(2)
Differentiating (2) with respect to c
1
we get, 0= x-
1 + c2
L1 + L2 + L3 – M1 – M2 + M3
1 Zeq = j3 + j5 + j6 + 2j2 – 2j3 + 2j4
Þ x=
1 + c2 = j12 W
19. (c) The switch in figure has been in position 1 for a long
1- x time and is then moved to position 2 at t = 0.
Þ c= ...(3)
x Vc(0+) = Vc(0–) = voltage across resistance 50 kW
 11
Referred to secondary side.
Vc ( 0+ ) = 6 ´
50
= 4V RS = k2 R1 + R2
25 + 50
RS = (0.0378)2 × 10 + 0.04 = 0.0542 W
4 H inductors act like an open circuit at t = 0+
Total current = –10 – 4 = –14 mA at t = 0+ XS = k2 XP = 0.0429 W
dVc -14mA Full load regulation
Thus dt = = -700V / s
t =0 20mF é I 2 R S cos f + I2 XS sin f ù
=ê E2 ú ´100
20. (c) The transmission equation are ë û
50 [ 0.542 ´ 0.8 + 0.0429 ´ 0.6 ]
= ´ 100
250
= 2.2%
24. 24A N 2 100 1
For 1 – f transformer, = =
N1 200 2
For this single phase transformer if we give 50V supply for
V1 = AV2 + B(– I2) the winding designed for 100V. (i.e., low voltage side) then
I1 = CV2 +D(– I2) secondary voltage of 1 – f transformer is
V1 2
A= =1 ´ 500 = 100V
V2 1
I2 = 0
Then equivalent auto transformer for getting maximum
V1 output voltage is as shown below. For getting maximum
B= - =0
I2 output voltage two windings should be connected with
V2 = 0
series aiding polarities.
I1 1
C= =
V2 I2 = 0
2 8A
+
I1
D= =1
I2 V2 = 0 100V
21. (b)
– V2
+

50V 50V
–

From the Nyquist-plot shown above have –ve gain V2 = 100V + 50V = 150V
margin. Given load current = 8A
Hence, the system is unstable. \ Output VA = 150 × 8 1200 VA
22. 0.10
1200
At x = 4, there is a jump of value from 0.40 to 0.50. Input current to the auto transformer is = 24A
Probability of event at x = 4 is 50
P (x = 4) = Fx (x = 4+) – Fx (x = 4–) 25. 40
= 0.50 – 0.40 = 0.10 In ripple counter, the clock pulse will go one to another
23. 2.2% in each flip-flop. the propagation of one flip-flop is 10
V1 = 6600 V, V2 = 250 V ns. The worst delay of ripple counter will be
R1 = 10 W, R2 = 0.04 W = 4 ´ 10 ns = 40 ns
XP = 10 W and cos f = 0.8 dM
26. 80° Converting into H/rad to get result in degree.
V 250 dq
k= 2 = = 0.0378
V1 6600
dM 0.0035 ´ 10-6
= = 0.2 ´ 10-6 H / rad
40 ´103 dq p /180
I2 = = 160A
250
12
( 20 )2 d 2V
´ 0.2 ´10-6 The output of op-amp (1) is .
\ Deflection q = dt 2
10-6
The op-amp (1) is working as non inverting adder
q = 80°
27. (d) Gain at wpc should be less than 1 d 2V æ R ö æ R ö æ dV ö
= ç1 + ÷ ç - + et ÷
So, GM > 0 dB dt 2
è R ø è 2 R ÷ø çè dt ø
1 d 2V dV
GM = 2
= - + et
M w=wpc dt dt

28. (b) d 2 V dV
+ = et
dt 2 dt
Comparing with the given expression
d 2 V adV
+ + bV = f (t)
dt 2 dt
a=1
b=0
f (t) = e t
30. (d)
We can write from block diagram 31. 16
Y1 = U + X2 H Going from 10 V to 0 V
Y2 = U + X1 H V2 0V
and X1 = GY1 = G (U + X2 H) = GU + GHX2

+
X2 = GY2 = G (U + X1 H) = GU + GX1 H – –
2V 1V
Y = X1 + X2 = GU + GH X2 + GU + GHX1
Y = 2GU + GH (X1 + X2) +
– E
Y = 2GU + 2GHY
Y (1 – 2GH) = 2GU 4V 5V
–
+
+
2G
–
Transfer function = Y/U =
1 - 2GH V1 10 V
29. (a) 10 + 5 + E + 1 = 0 or E = – 16 V
32. 6.62
The circuit is as shown below
7W

6W
RTH
5W

9W
RTH = 7 || 5 + 6 || 9 = 6.52 W
For maximum power transfer
RL = RTH = 6.52 W
d2 v(t) R dv(t) 1 v (t)
33. (b) 2
+ + v(t) = s
dt L dt LC LC
Output of op-amp (3) is V. Op-amp is working as integral d 2 v(t) dv(t)
or with given RC = 1. So, the input of op-amp (3) is 2
+ 70 + 12000v(t) = 12000 vs (v)
dt dt
dV Trying vf = A + Bt
- . 0 +70B + 12000 (A + Bt) = 12000 (0.2t)
dt
dV Þ B = 0.2
The output of op-amp (2) is op-amp (2) is working
dt 0.2
A = -70 ´ = -1.17 –10 –3
d 2V 12000
as integrator. Hence, the input of op-amp (2) is . vf = 0.2t – 1.17 ´ 10–3 V
dt 2
 13
34. (c)
én ù
Let x = ò f ( t ) dt Þ [f(t) = e–2t u(t)]
(i) y [ n ] = x ê ú when n is even. where, u(t) = unit step function
ë2û that means v(t) = 1
(ii) For odd values of n, y [n] holds the value of earlier Given, step size h = 0.01 s
samples. Also, x(0) = 0
Y(z) = y (0) + y (1) z–1 + y(2)z–2 + y(3)z–3 + .......¥ Now, f(0) = e–0 . 1 = 1
Y(z) = x(0) + x(0) z–1 + x(1)z–2 + x(1)z–3 + x(2) z–4 + x(2)z–5 +
x(3)z–6 + x(3)z–7 + .....¥ and f(0.01) = e–2(0.01) . 1 = e–0.02
Y(z) = [x(0) + x(1)z–2 + x(2)z–4 + x(3)z–6 + ....... ¥] Then, by trapezoidal rule,
+ z–1 [x(0) + x(1)z–2 + x(2)z–4 + x(3)z–6 + ......¥] h
Y(z) = [x(0) + x(1)(z2)–1 + x(2)(z2)–2 x(3)(z2)–3 + ....... ¥]
x= ò f ( t ) dt = 2 éë(f (0) + f (0.01))ùû
+ z–1 [x(0) + x(1)(z–2)–1 + x(2)(z2)–2 + ......¥]
Y(z) = X(z2) + z–1 X(z2) 0.01 é 0.01
= ë
1 + e –0.02 ù =
û (1.98)
Y(z) = (1 + z–1) X (z2) 2 2
35. 10 x = 0.0099.
Full scale deflection of ammeter is 0 to 50 A,
38. 0.71828
Maximum deviation of output
Non linearity = ´100 Let f(x) º ex – 1 = 0
Full scale deflection
Þ f ¢ ( x ) º ex
45 - 40 Now, by Newton-Raphson method,
= ´ 100 = 10%
50
f ( xk )
36. (a) Given that, xk + 1 = xk –
f(x, y) is a continuous function. f ¢ (x k )
and (x, y) Î [0, 1] × [0, 1]
Then, the intersection point of the curves x = y2 and
xk + 1 = xk –
(e – 1) = (e
xk xk
× x k – ex k + 1 ) ... (i)
(e )
y = x2 is xk xk
e
Y-axis
2 But at (k = 0), x0 = –1
x=y
A
(1, 1)
y =x
2
x1 =
(x 0 × ex0 – ex 0 + 1 ) = (–1 × e –1
– e –1 + 1)
x0 –1
e e
(0, 0) O X-axis æ –1 1 ö
– +1
èç e e ø÷ ( –2 + e )
= = = x1 = 0.71828.
1 1
e
39. (d) The maximum permissible value of DT = 2t.
y = y4 Þ y(y3 – 1) = 0 40. (b) Let the real orthogonal matrix of order 2 × 2 is
y(y – 1) (y2 + 1 + y) = 0
Þ y = 0 and 1 1 é2 –2 ù
P= ê ú
Þ x = 0 and 1 2 2 ë2 2 û
So, points are (0, 0) and (1, 1) r T r
and x = [ x1, x 2 ] , x = x1 ˆi + x 2 ˆj
So, the volume under f(x, y) is
r
y=1 x = y Length x = x12 + x 22
= òy = 0 òx = y 2 f ( x, y) dy dx
r 1 é 2 –2ù é x1 ù
y=1 x = y
Now, ( P x ) = ê úê ú
or ò y = 0 òx = y2 f ( x, y) dx dy. 2 2 ë2 2 û ë x2 û

37. 0.0099 r 1 é 2x1 – 2x 2 ù

(P x) = ê
The given differential equation 2 2 ë 2x1 + 2x 2 úû
dx r 1 é
= e–2t u(t) Px = ( 2x1 – 2x 2 ) ˆi + ( 2x1 + 2x 2 ) ˆjùû
dt 2 2ë
Þ x= òe
–2t
u ( t ) dt (After integrating)
14
1 é 9´100
= ( x1 – x 2 ) ˆi + ( x1 + x 2 ) ˆjùû 42. Ha1 new = =6
2ë 150
r 1 6´300
Px = ( x1 – x 2 )2 + ( x1 + x 2 )2 Ha1 new = = 12
2 150
He = Ha1 ep + Ha2 ep
1 p
= x12 + x 22 – 2x1 x 2 + x12 + x 22 + 2x1 x 2
2 Hep = (6 × 4) + (12 × 3) = 60
43. (b) 1. The generated emf µ Angular velocity (w rad/sec)
1 2. The generated emf mµ Flux density
= × 2 x12 + x 22
2 3. The generated emf mµ Square of radius of the disc.
44. (a) Input Resistance Ri = 1MW Input Capacitare Ci = 45pF;
= x12 + x 22 AttenuationProbe = 20 : 1
r Rp = (20 – 1)Ri
= x
r r r Rp = 19 × 1 MW
P x = x for all x. Rp = 19 MW
41. 12.12 Ci 45
A-3 phase star-connected alternator with Zs = j8W, de- Cp = = = 2.37pF
20 - 1 19
livers 200 A at power factor 0.8 lagging to 11 kV infinite Reff = 20 Ri
bus Reff = 20 ×1MW
11000 Reff = 20 MW
Vb = = 6351V 45. In the Infinite plane y = 6 m
3
1
E Surface charge density rs = mC / m 2
600p
rs
E = â x
12e 0

10 -6 1
E = ´ ´ 36p ´ aˆ x
E¢ V 600p 2 ´ 10 -9
\ E = 30 V/m
46. 0.443
rd = 48 W
d¢ 1
d So, gd = = 0.0208
rd
ID
Also gd =
Ia = 200 (0.8 – j 0.6) Vt
E = (6351 + j 0) + 200 (0.8 – j0.6) (j 8) or, ID = (0.0208)(0.0259)
E = 7422.2 Ð9.93° = 0.539 mA
E¢ sin d¢ = E sin d = 1291.47 æ Va ö
Since, ID = IS exp ç ÷
E cos d¢ = 6351 è Vt ø

é1291.47 ù æ ID ö æ 0.539 ´ 10 –3 ö
d¢ = tan -1 ê Va = Vt In çè I ÷ø = (0.0259) In ç
ë 6351 úû Hence,
S è 2 ´ 10 –11 ÷ø
E¢ = 6478.7 V = 0.443 V
Percentage decrease 47. 0.57
E - E¢ For n-type GaAs,
= ´100
E Ds = e(µn + µp) (dp)
In steady-state dp = g¢ Tp0. So, the steady-state increase in
7422.2 - 6478.7
= ´ 100 conductivity is
7422.2 Ds = (1.6 ´ 10–19) (8500 + 400)(2 ´ 1021) (2 ´ 10–7)
= 12.12% = 0.57 (W–cm)–1
 15
dF2 51. 5
48. (d) ´1.0 = 25 Þ 0.06 P2 + 19 = 25 Given circuit is,
dP2
10 kW
Þ P2 = 1000 MW Þ PL = B11 P21
Þ B11 = 0.001
dPL 10 kW
dP1 = 2B11 P1
Vo 15 V
1 10 V
(0.02 P1 + 17) (1- 2B P ) = 25
11 1
10 kW
Þ (0.02 P1 + 17) = 25(1–2B11 P1)
(0.02 P1 + 17) = 25(1–2 × 0.001 P1)
0.02 P1 + 17 = 25 – 0.05P1 We can observe that diode D2 is always off, whether D1, is
Þ P1 = 114.2 MW ON or OFF. So equivalent circuit is.
Pde = P1 + P2 – PL D1
Pde = (114.28 + 100) – (0.001) (114.20)2
Pde = 201.22 MW
49. 0.731 10 kW
VGS = 4.2 V, VDS = 0.1 V
VDS < VGS – VTN Vo
Thus transistor is in non saturation region. 10 V
5 - 0.1 10 kW
ID = = 0.49 mA
10k

ID =
kn W
2 L
{ 2
2(VGS - VTN )VDS - VDS } D1 is ON in this condition
10
´ 10 = 5 volt.
0.49 = 0.015 èç ø÷ {2(4.2 - 0.8)(0.1) - (0.1) }
æ Wö 2 V0 =
Þ 10 + 10
L
52. 89
æ Wö W MVI B, 89H ; 89 ® B
Þ 0.49 = èç ø÷ (0.67) Þ = 0.731
MOV A, B ; B ®A
L L
50. 20 MOV C, A ; A®C
MVI D, 37 H ; 37 ® D
æ VBE ö OUT PORT1 ; Display A
IC = Is exp çè 2V ÷ø The contents of A is 89 H.
T
53. 14.5
Transconductance
The digital input 101002 is equal to decimal 20. Since
¶ IC I IOUT = 10 mA for 20, the proportionality factor must be 0.5
gm = = C
¶ VBE 2 VT mA. Thus, we can find IOUT for any digit input such as
111012 = 2910 as follows.
Output impedance
IOUT = (0.5 mA) ´ 29 = 14.5 mA
Rout= RC (Since there is not early effect)
Since step size = R f ´ æç
Equivalent circuit is 5V ö
54. (d) ÷
vin vo è 8 kW ø

+ 0.5 ´ 8 ´ 103
rp vp gmvp RC Þ Rf = = 800W
5
–
55. (d) Output of the first filter
H¢ (f) = X(f) * H(f)
1
X(f) =
2
[d(f - 2) + d(f + 2)]
Voltage is
¥
1
vo
=
I R
gmR C = C C =
(1)(1)
= 20 H¢ (f) =
2
[ d (f - 2) + d (f + 2) ] *5000 å (f - 5k)
vin 2 VT (2)(0.025) k =-¥
= 2500[d (f – 5k – 2) + d (f – 5k + 2)]
16
So H¢ (f) will contain frequency components as f = (5k ± 2) Þ Sm = 2(not valid)
kHz where k = 0 to ¥. Þ Sm = 0.5
After passing through LP-filter with cutoff frequency
At maximum torque condition
fc= 5 kHz spectrum of Y(f) will have component of
frequencies f1 = 2 kHz, f2 = 3 kHz only. R total
= Sm
V X2
56. (a) l=
2
æ 1 ö r2 + rext
R 2 + ç wL - ÷ = 0.5
è wC ø X2
VL = l × wL Þ 0.4 + rext = 0.5 × 2
wL Þ rext = 0.6W
VL = V ´
2
æ 1 ö ks2
R 2 + ç wL - ÷
è wC ø 59. (c) Transfer function =
(1 + 2s )(1 + s ) (1 + 0.2s )
dVL y - yA
=0 Slope of AB = B = 20
df xB - xA
For maximum voltage across inductor
32 - y A
1 = = 2.0
log1 - log 0.5
1 2
fL = 1- R C Þ yA = 26 dB
2p LC 2L
57. 2004 ns = 10, Vs = 15kV yA - y0
Slope of OA = = 40
DID = DID2 = 10 mA x A - x0
and DQ = Q2 = 150 mC
R = 56 kW 26 - y0
= = 40
Vs + ( ns - 1) R / D2 log 0.5 - log 0.1
VDS =
(max) ns y0 = –2 dB
So, y = mx + c
1500 + (10 - 1) ´ 56 ´103 ´ 10 ´10-3
VDS( = –2 = 40 log 0.1 + 20 log k
max ) 10
k = 79.43
VDS( = 2004 V 60. (a) Shorting terminal T-H
max )

180 E2 mvF RF mV
58. 0.6 Maximum Torque, Tmax = ´ 2 ISC = ( R F + R0 ) ´ = F
2pNs 2X 2 R F .R 0 RF + R0 R0
120 ´ 50 and VOC = mVF
Ns = = 1500
4
VOC mVF
2 So, R TH = = + R0 = R0
æ 400 ö ISC mVF
180 ç ÷
´è
3ø also VS = VF + mVF = (m + 1)VF and VTH = mVF
\ Tmx =
2p´1500 2´ 2
(Q Stator impedance is neglected E2 = V1) m
So, VTH = Vs
= 254.68 Nm 1+ m
Tst 2S
= 2 m 61. (a) 0.25 = 1 -
750
or np = 5.71 or 6
Tmax Sm + 1 n p ´ 175

2Sm
Þ 0.8 = 3000
S2m + 1 and 0.25 = 1 - or ns = 5
n s ´ 800
Þ 0.8S2m - 2Sm + 0.8 = 0
 17
62. 96.6
VPP N v ´ volt
The percentage resistance and reactance of 50 KVA. 400/ and Vrms = for sine wave =
200 V, a single phase transformer are 3% and 5% respectively. 2 2 2 2 ´ div
X of full load at maximum efficiency
1 volt
\ Vrms = ´ 3div ´ 10
Iron loss 1 2 2 div
= = = 0.577
Full load Cu loss 3 = 10.61 V
Maximum efficiency We know n = fsignal × Tsweep
1´ 0.577 where n is number of cycles of signal displayed
= ´ 100 = 96.6%
0.577 + 2 ( 0.01) n 2.5
\ fsignal = = = 50 Hz
63. (b) An analog oscilloscope is calibrated for 10 volt per div Tsweep 50 ms
and its sweep circuit is set for 50 ms.
(ii) Two and half cycle of sine wave with a distance of 64. 120
3 div between upper and lower extremities appear on Rotor power factor, cos f2 = 0.866
the screen. \ Angle between stator and rotor magnitude axis
= 90° + 30° = 120°
volt
We know, VPP = Nv × 65. (a) At t = 3, since 2W is shorted, Ic jumps to a new value
div and then decreases with reduced time constant.