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NUMBER SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
A numeral system (or system of numeration) is a writing system for
expressing numbers; that is, a mathematical notation for representing
numbers of a given set, using digits or other symbols in a consistent
manner.

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NUMBER SYSTEM

RATIONAL NUMBERS IRRATIONAL NUMBERS

A rational number is a Irrational number is any real

number that can be written number that cannot be
as a ratio of two integers. expressed as a ratio
( , q ≠0)… Ex... 4 , 𝟏𝟔
𝑷
𝒒 of integers. Ex…. 𝟐 ,𝝅..
..
𝟐
,
𝟓

NUMBER SYSTEM

PRIME NUMBER COMPOSITE NUMBER

All the natural numbers

All natural numbers which are not a prime
which are divisible by number except 1.
only 1 and itself. Ex. Ex- 4, 6,8,9…….
2, 3,5,7……….

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INTEGERS

– – – – – – 0 + + +
6 5 + + +
4 3 2 1 4 5 6
1 2 3
– Ve Integers +Ve Integers

n(n+1)
 The sum of first ‘n’ natural numbers = 𝟐
 The sum of first ‘n’ even numbers = n( n+1)
2
 The sum of first ‘n’ odd numbers = n
n(n+1)(2n+1)
 The sum of square of first ‘n’ natural numbers =
𝟔
n(n+1) 𝟐
 The sum of cube of first ‘n’ natural numbers = 𝟐

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PROPERTIES OF PRIME NUMBERS & COMPOSITE NUMBERS

 Only ‘2’ is even prime number.

 There is only one set of three prime numbers with a gap of 2
between two prime numbers and that set is 3, 5 , 7.
 Lowest composite number is 4.
st
 1 odd composite number is 9
 There are total 25 prime numbers up to 100.
 There are total 46 prime numbers up to 200.

PRIME NUMBERS (Between 1 - 100)

Prime Numbers 1 to 100

2 11 23 31 41 53 61 71 83 97
3 13 29 37 43 59 67 78 89
5 17 47 79
7 19

SUM OF PRIME NUMBERS:

 Sum of 1 to 50 prime numbers = 328
 Sum of 1 to 100 prime numbers = 1060

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Some examples:

Ex: Find the product of all the prime numbers lies

between 80 to 90?

Prime numbers between 80 to 90 are 83 & 89

So Product = 83 × 89 = 7387

Ex: The sum of the squares of three consecutive

natural number is 194 then find the sum of these
numbers?

Suppose number x , x+1 ,x+2

x2 + (x+1)2 + (x+2)2 = 194
x = 7 , -9
so number are 7 , 8 , 9
sum = 7+ 8 + 9 = 24

Ex: Find the number of prime factors in

307 × 225 × 3412 × 125 ?

= 307 × 225 × 3412 × 125 = 27+5+12+5+5 × 37+5 × 57 ×

115 × 1712

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= 234 × 312 × 57 × 115 × 1712

the required number of prime factors

= 34 + 12 +7 +5 + 12 = 70

Ex: There are three prime number, and the product of

the first two of them is 551 and product of last
two of them is 1073, then find the sum of these
number?

Suppose number is a , b, c
a × b = 551 similarly
b × c = 1073 b × c = 29 × 37
so ,
a × b = 19 × 29 therefore sum will be = 19 + 29
+37 = 85

𝐧 𝐧 𝐧
 Number of zero’s = 𝟓+ 𝟓𝟐+ 𝟓𝟑+ − − − − −

 numerator ≥ 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓

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Ex: Find the number of zeroes at the end of !1000

1000 1000 1000 1000

Sol: Number of zeroes = + + +
5 52 53 54
= 200 + 40 + 8 + 1
= 249

Ex: How many zeroes will be there counting from the

right side when will solve the following
expression 5 × 10 × 15 × 20 ------ × 50

Sol: There will be 8 pairs of (5×2) so 8 zero

Ex: Find the number of zero’s in the given expression

10 × 20 × 30 × 40 × ……….× 1000

Sol: 10 × 1 × 10 × 2 × 10 × 3 × ……. × 10 × 100

= 10100 × 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × ………..× 100

= 100 + 24
= 124 no. of zero’s

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104 + 90 = 194 (e)

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