Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Multiple-phase program.
9
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Combustion Test Facility (CTF)
– 550,000 Btu/hr • Features
– Upfired - Air preheater and heat
– Air- or O2-fired exchangers
– Multifuel capability - Adjustable-swirl burner
- Deposition section
• Coal, biomass, gas, liquid fuel, sludge, and
- Numerous ports
municipal solid waste
- Selective catalytic reduction
(SCR) reactor
- Baghouse
- Electrostatic precipitator (ESP)
- Sulfur scrubber
• Testing of fuels and additives
- Fouling and slagging
- Corrosion
- Hg
- NOx
- SOx
- CO2 capture
- Particulates
- Heat flux
- Infrared (IR) flame
characterization
10
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
CO2 Capture System
• 10-inch-diameter columns
designed to be flexible.
• Capable of evaluating
different solvents with
column height adjustment.
• Packed column with the
ability to easily change
packing type.
• Very highly instrumented to
allow for high control and
greater measurement.
11
11
12
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Postcombustion
Testing
– MEA (30 wt%)
– Hitachi H3-1
– Methyldiethanolamine
(MDEA)–piperazine
13
Aspen Modeling Approach
14
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Aspen Process Economic Analyzer (APEA)
One-to-Many Mapping
B1
HOTGAS COOLGAS FILT-GAS SCRUBGAS 1
DECOMP
AF-CTF
COAL
HEAT1 SOLIDS SULFUR
Q
HEAT2
MIXER
CHN
COAL-AIR
Notes:
PRIM-AIR
PRIMHEAT – Used Peng–Robinson equation of state.
– Compared our results with real data to
PHEAT1
2NDHEAT
determine heat loss in the combustor.
PHEAT2
2ND-AIR
Caveats:
– Built-in coal heat-of-formation correlations are based on bituminous coal only.
– User input allowed, but bituminous coal correlations are still used in heat-of-formation calculations.
– Sulfur analysis appears to have a large impact on heat-of-formation calculation, may not be valid
for fuels with less than 1% sulfur.
16
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Absorber–Stripper Column Design
• Two phases:
– Design support for columns
– Detailed model development based on the results of
the pilot-scale test runs
17
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Integrated Absorber and Stripper
Models
An advanced integrated absorber−stripper system with the following features:
• Interconnected absorber and stripper columns
• Heat exchangers to maintain required temperatures while minimizing
energy loss
• Complete recycle of the lean amine stream
• Automatic determination and optimization of the makeup stream
FLUEGAS2
MAKE UP
ABSORBE R
COOLER
LEANMEA
CO2OUT
FLUEGAS
LEANMEA 3 ST RIPPER
HEAT EX
RICHMEA RICHMEA2
LEANMEA 2
18
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Integrated Combustion–Capture
Model
• Coupled the combustion model with all back-end flue gas-cleaning units, including the CO2
capture unit.
• Convergence becomes much more difficult because of the complexity of the model equations.
19
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
HSS Formation Models
Goals
• Predict heat-stable amine salt (HSAS) formation in the system.
• Obtain better understanding of the impact of flue gas impurities on CO2 capture
technologies.
Challenges
• Missing data:
– Equilibrium constants and kinetic parameters of desired reactions.
– Heats and free energies of formation of new compounds.
– Physical property data, e.g., heat capacity, ion mobility, diffusivity, critical parameters,
etc.
• Convergence difficulties:
– Solids formation.
– Sensitivity to stream and column variables.
• Ultimately, modeling the formation of HSAS in Aspen Plus was deemed not feasible at this
time.
– Degradation rates from pilot-scale data were used to aid in economic analysis.
20
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
21
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
ClickSulfate
to editConcentration
Master title style
8000 8000
MEA
7000 7000
H3-1
Huntsman Additive
6000 6000
MDEA-Piperazine
Sulfate Concentration, ppm
5000 5000
4000 4000
3000 3000
2000 2000
1000 1000
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Day
22
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Model Calibration/Validation
• Sensitivity studies showed that to get 90% CO2 capture, the reboiler duty had to be
increased. Increasing the MEA flow rate had only a small impact on capture level.
• The reboiler duty was increased on the pilot-scale unit, and 90% capture was achieved.
• Additional model vs. pilot plant performance comparisons are ongoing.
23
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Scale-Up of Pilot Model
24
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
500-MW Aspen Plus Model for CO2
Capture
25
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Aspen Plus Model CO2 Compression
and Liquefaction
26
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
APEA Methodology
28
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
CO2 Capture vs. Liquid-to-Gas Ratio
100 100
90 90
80 80
70 70
MEA
CO2 Capture, %
60 60
H3-1
50 MDEA/PZ 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
3
29 Liquid to Gas Ratio, gallons/1000 actual ft
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
CO2 Capture vs.
Regeneration Energy
100 100
MEA CO2 Capture (4 psig) Stripper Pressure @ 4-6 psig
H3-1 CO2 Capture (4 psig)
95 MDEA/PZ CO2 Capture (6 psig)
95
90 90
85 85
CO2 Capture, %
80 80
75 75
70 70
65 65
50 50
1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100
30
Regeneration
EERC Energy,
. . . The International Center Btu/lb
for Applied EnergyCO
Technology
2
Capital Cost Comparison
$300,000,000
$250,000,000
$200,000,000 Other
Capital Cost US$
Boiler
ASU
$150,000,000
CO2 Liquefaction
Stripper Tower
Heat Exchangers
$100,000,000
Absorber Tower
$50,000,000
$-
MEA (old plant) H3-1 (old plant) MEA (new plant) H3-1 (new plant) Oxy-Fired
Scenario
31
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Energy Penalty
33
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Cost of CO2 Avoided
$100.00
Lost Revenue
$90.00 Operating Costs - Other
Capital Recovery
$80.00 Operating Costs - Utility
$70.00
US$ / ton CO2 Avoided
$60.00
$50.00
$40.00
$30.00
$20.00
$10.00
$0.00
MEA (Old H3-1 (Old MDEA/PZ (Old MEA (New H3-1 (New MDEA PZ Oxy-Fired
Plant) Plant) Plant) Plant) Plant) (New Plant)
Scenario
34
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Modeling Conclusions
35
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Economic Analysis Conclusions
• Utilities (steam/electricity) and equipment capital are the
largest contributors to cost.
• An estimated 7% reduction in capital cost results from the
use of the advanced solvent.
• The advanced solvent provides a savings potential of $6
per ton of CO2 over MEA when electricity cost is
$0.08/kWh.
• Over the course of 1 year, the advanced solvent has a
savings potential of US$23 million versus MEA.
• The base COE has a large impact on the cost of CO2
capture.
• Energy penalty is significantly reduced with H3-1 solvent.
36
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
PCO2C: Phase II
Pilot-scale testing of CO2 capture technologies
Over ten test campaigns evaluating eight different technologies
• Several technologies will be further evaluated, and new novel approaches will
be tested.
• Solvents: Huntsman, Hitachi, CanSolv (Shell), and Advanced Systems (NSG Contactor)
• Solid sorbents (NETL)
• Oxy-fired combustion (completed)
• Other solvent-based technologies: ION Engineering
• Slurry-based approach (C-Quest)
• Significant modeling effort to determine most efficient approaches to CO2
capture system integration with power systems.
38
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Modified Steam Cycle for Steam
Extraction
39
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Option A
40
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Option C
41
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Option D
42
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
[1] Based on HHV
Results
Parameter Base Case Option A Option C Option D
43
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Conclusions
44
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Contact Information
45
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Want to see similar results?
http://training.aspentech.com
© 2012 Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved | 46
Aspen Plus: Process Modeling Training
http://support.aspentech.com/supportpublictrain/CourseInfo.asp?course=EAP101
• Gain the practical skills and knowledge to begin modeling new and existing
processes
• Build and troubleshoot flowsheet simulations
• Reduce process design time by testing various plant configurations
• Determine optimal process conditions to improve current processes
• Help de-bottleneck constraining parts of a process
http://support.aspentech.com/supportpublictrain/CourseInfo.asp
?course=EAP2510
• Determine and properly setup the necessary component physical properties and
reactions needed to model CO2 removal processes using Aspen Plus.
• Learn the steps involved in modeling CO2 removal processes. Model absorbers and
regenerators systems using chemical and physical solvents.
• Setup, run and interpret results for a rate-based model of a CO2 Absorber.
• Use detailed rate-based modeling to understand and improve separation
performance.
http://support.aspentech.com/supportpublictrain/CourseInfo.asp?course=EAP251
http://support.aspentech.com/supportpublictrain/CourseInfo.asp?course=EEE102
Benefits:
• Reuse models
• Promote collaboration
Quickly find the
best model
Currently available
with Aspen Plus
and Aspen HYSYS
http://www.aspentech.com/v7/aspen_search.aspx
© 2012 Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved | 52
Upcoming and On-Demand Webinars
Upcoming Webinars:
• Improve Predictability of Pipeline Project Costs with Aspen Capital
Cost Estimator
• June 5, 2012 – Register at:
http://www.aspentech.com/events/webseminars.aspx
On-Demand Webinars:
• Visit: http://www.aspentech.com/events/ondemand_webinar.cfm
OPTIMIZE 2013
6 – 8 May 2013
The Westin Waterfront Hotel
Boston, MA USA
57
EERC . . . The International Center for Applied Energy Technology