7.

0 RESULTS

Table 2 – Azide Modification of Lake Water Sample in 300mL BOD Bottle

Reagent Observation Conclusion
After addition of Titration Using
reagent Sodium Thiosulphate
Manganous Presence of No titration Oxygen is present
Sulphate powder flocculation and
pillow + Alkaline brown
iodide azide sedimentation
reagent powder
pillow
Sulfonic Acid Clear orange Pale yellow after 31 Oxygen is present
Powder yellowish with little digit required
sedimentation
Starch Solution Blue-black Colourless after 161 Oxygen is present
digit required

Table 3 – Azide Modification of Lake Water Sample in 60mL BOD Bottle

Reagent Observation Conclusion
After addition of Titration Using
reagent Sodium Thiosulphate
One Dissolve Presence of No titration Oxygen is present
Oxygen 1 reagent flocculation and
powder pillow + brown
One Dissolved sedimentation at the
Oxygen 2 reagent bottom of the bottle
powder pillow
One Dissolve Clear orange Colourless after 31 Oxygen is present
Oxygen 3 reagent yellowish with little digit required
powder pillow crystal
sedimentation
Table 4 – Dissolved Oxygen Present In The Lake Water Sample Based On Titration
Volume of Lake Water Sample Digit Digit Dissolved Oxygen
(mL) Required Multiplyer (mg/L)z
100mL 161 0.02 3.22
20mL 31 0.1 3.1
9.0 DISCUSSION

The objectives of the experiment is to determine the dissolved oxygen level in the lake water
sample ascertain whether they comply with Malaysian Water Standard. The water sample for
the experiment is taken from Tasik Shah Alam located in Seksyen 7, Shah Alam. There are
two sample of solution which are dissolved oxygen and azide modification by using winkler
method.

For experiment using 60mL BOD bottle by using the reagent between one dissolve
oxygen 1 reagent powder pillow with one dissolve oxygen 2 reagent powder pillow, presence
of flocculation and brown sedimentation at the bottom of the bottle are formed. Therefore, the
oxygen was presented. Meanwhile for reagent One dissolve oxygen 3 powder pillow, brown
colour turn into clear orange yellowish with little crystal sedimentation formed. These also
mean that oxygen was presented. The oxygen dissolve is 3.1 mg/L. The result shows that
the lake water sample content complies with Malaysian Standard water which the value of
oxygen dissolves still in the range 1 until 5 mg/L.

Then, for experiment using 300mL BOD bottle by using the reagent between
Manganous sulphate powder pillow with Alkaline Iodide Azide reagent powder pillow,
presence of flocculation and brown sedimentation are formed. Therefore, the oxygen was
presented. Meanwhile for reagent Sulfonic Acid Powder, brown colour turn into clear orange
yellowish with little sedimentation formed. These also mean that oxygen was presented. The
oxygen dissolve is 3.22 mg/L. The result shows that the water sample content complies with
Malaysian Standard water which the value of oxygen dissolves still in range 1 until 5 mg/L.

In this experiment reagent powder pillow 1, Mangannese Sulfate, MnSO4 is added to

react with the oxygen present in the water. During the reaction, the process called fixing the
oxygen occurred when the oxygen is bound to the manganese, forming a brownish solid
which settles to the bottom of the bottle (MnO2). The fixing process is worked when the
solution at high pH. Therefore, the reagent Powder Pillow 2 which is Alkaline Iodide Azide
is added.
 There are three specific chemicals present in this reagent which are important to the
fixation of the oxygen. Firstly, the present of Lithium Hydroxide, LiOH which is a base, that
in water it breaks up to form the OH- ion, and the Li+ ion. In this reaction, LiOH basically just
functions as a catalyst to activate the binding process. Then, Potassium Iodide, KI also
presented which function as a dye, and will react with the sulfamic acid added. Next, Sodium
Azide, NaN3 also presents in this regent. This is because basically during the final titration,
Sodium Thiosulfate produces some nitrite (NO2-) which conflicts with the intended reaction.
The addition of Sodium Azide prevents this conflictual reaction from occurring.

After that the third powder pillow, Sulfamic Acid, C6H13O3NS Powder Pillow was
added into the water sample.Upon addition of the Sulfamic Acid, the MnO2 from above is
reduced to Mn2+, and the Iodine from the Potassium Iodide above is oxidized by the MnO2
from I- to I2 which successfully causes the solution to take on a yellowish brown color
proportional to the number of I2 molecules present which is proportional to the original
amount of O2 molecules in the water. At this point, that the oxygen is fixed. This means that
all of the oxygen from the original sample which was in solution has now been modified and
in a stable form.

After that, the water sample was titrated with 0.2 M Sodium Thiosulfate to a pale
yellow colour. A dark blue solution was formed when Starch Indicator solution was added.
The titration was continued until a colourless solution was obtained. From the Digital
Titrator, the value obtained was 161. When multiplying it with the digital multiplier, the
concentration of dissolved oxygen in water sample to be 3.22 mg/L. Although the value of
dissolved oxygen was quite high, but based on the National Water Quality Standard, the
water was suitable for aquatic organism. This high concentration of dissolved oxygen was
mainly due to the high density of algae surrounding the sewage system. On a bright day,
these algae will carry out photosynthesis and oxygen will be produced. This oxygen will
easily dissolve in the water as the sewage run continuously.
10.0 CONCLUSION

Dissolved oxygen analysis measured the amount of oxygen dissolved in an aqueous

solution. Oxygen gets into the water by diffusion from the surrounding air by
rapid movement (aeration) and also as a waste product of photosynthesis process.
Dissolved oxygen analysis can be used to determine the health or cleanliness of a lake
or stream, the amount and type of biomass a freshwater system can support and the
amount of decomposition occurring in the lake or stream. In this experiment, there are
two sample of solution which is 60 mL of BOD bottles and 300 mL of BOD bottles.
In 60 mL of BOD bottle, the oxygen dissolve is 3.1 mg/L. The result shows that the
lake water sample content complies with Malaysian Standard water which the value
of oxygen dissolves still in the range 1 until 5 mg/L. For sample using 300 mL of
BOD bottles, the oxygen dissolve is 3.22 mg/L. The result shows that the water
sample content complies with Malaysian Standard water which the value of oxygen
dissolves still in range 1 until 5 mg/L. Thus, the objective of the experiment is
achieved.
12.0 REFERENCES

Atikah, N. (n.d.). Full Basic Water Properties. Retrieved November 21, 2017, from
Scribd: http://www.scribd.com/doc/259566924

Hazwani, S. (n.d.). Basic Water Properties 1. Retrieved November 20, 2017, from
Scribd: http://www.scribd.com/doc/265456633

Lab Manual. (n.d.). Retrieved October 6, 2017, from http://i-learn.uitm.edu.my/

Mamat, A. (n.d.). Lab Report Chemistry Experiment 4 (Basic Water Properties 1).
Retrieved November 20, 2017, from Scribd:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/260181189

National Water Quality Standards For Malaysia. (n.d.). Retrieved November 23,
2017, from WEPA: wepa-
db.net/3rd/en/topic/waterstandard/Malaysia_1_surface.pdf

What is Dissolved Oxygen. (n.d.). Retrieved November 23, 2017, from

mymobilebay:
http://www.mymobilebay.com/stationdata/whatisDO.htm