HIV / AIDS
Understanding
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome is a collection of
symptoms and infections or so-called
syndromes caused by damage to the human
immune system because of the HIV virus,
while HIV stands for Human
Immunodeficiency Virus is a virus that can
weaken the body's immune to humans. If a
person is exposed to this kind of virus will
be susceptible to opportunistic infections or
easily affected by tumors. To date, HIV
AIDS has not been cured and found the
cure, even if there is only to stop or slow the
progression of the virus alone.
HIV viruses and other viruses such as
SIV, FIV and others are usually transmitted
through direct contact between bloodstream
and body fluids in which HIV is present, ie
blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal
fluid, and breast milk. Transmission of this
virus often occurs when someone is having
sex, contaminated needles, blood
transfusions, breastfeeding mothers, and
various other forms of contact with the
fluids.
AIDS is the worst form of HIV
infection. HIV is a retrovirus that normally
attacks the vital organs of the human
immune system, such as CD4 + T cells (T
cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells.
HIV damages CD4 + T cells directly and
indirectly, whereas CD4 + T cells are
needed for the immune system to function
properly. If HIV has killed CD4 + T cells
until the number shrinks to less than 200 per
microliter of blood, immunity at the cellular
level will disappear, and the result is a
condition called AIDS. Acute HIV
infection will continue to be a clinically
latent infection, then symptoms of early
HIV infection, and finally AIDS; which is
identified by examining the number of CD4
+ T cells in the blood and the presence of
certain infections.
Without antiretroviral therapy, the
average length of progression of HIV
infection to AIDS is nine to ten years, and
the median survival time after AIDS is only
about 9.2 months. However, the rate of
progression of this disease in each person
varies greatly, from two weeks to 20 years.
Many factors influence it, including the
strength of the body to survive against HIV
(such as immune function) of an infected
person. Older people generally have weaker
immunity than younger people, making it
more at risk of developing rapid disease.
Less access to health care and the presence
of other infections such as tuberculosis, can
also accelerate the progression of the
disease. Genetic inheritance infected person
also plays an important role. Some people
are immune to some variants of HIV. HIV
has several genetic variations and different
forms, which will lead to different rates of
clinical disease progression as well. Very
active antiretroviral therapy will be able to
prolong the average duration of AIDS
development, as well as the average time of
survival ability.
What are the early signs of HIV
infection?
Despite increased awareness about
HIV, AIDS and unsafe sex risks, many
people do not know anything about early
signs of HIV. Although the chances of
contracting the virus are still relatively low,
it is important to be aware of the early signs
/ symptoms, especially if you have just had
unprotected sex.
However, part of the problem is that
about a third of people affected by the virus
will not show any initial symptoms at all. In
fact, many live with HIV for years without
realizing that they are infected. Of course,
the earlier the infection is diagnosed with
the HIV test, the greater the chance of
treatment.
What does HIV do to the body?
HIV is a sophisticated virus that can
cause AIDS terminal condition (Acquired
Immuno Deficiency Virus). It attacks the
cells in the body that fight infection -
leaving you more susceptible to disease. A
person infected with HIV does not always
develop AIDS. In the late stages of HIV,
symptoms may have a debilitating effect on
the patient.
However, in the early stages, HIV is
known as a major HIV infection. Symptoms
usually appear several weeks after exposure
and can only last for a short time
Early symptoms that need to be watched:
The early stages of HIV have many of
the same symptoms as common conditions
(such as flu or glandular fever). The key to
determining whether you experience any of
the following symptoms after unprotected
sex has recently been:
1. Dry throat.
2. Headache and high fever.
3. Feeling tired and lacking energy.
4. Pain in the joints, muscles and
lower back.
5. Feeling nauseous and have a low
appetite.
6. Swollen glands (especially in the
neck and underarms).
7. Rashes on the chest and sometimes
arms.
8. Diarrhea
As mentioned above, although about
60% of people infected with HIV will show
the above symptoms, but many others do
not show it.
Getting diagnosed:
If you suspect that you may be infected
with HIV, do not panic. Low infection
possibilities - almost zero if you have used
a condom during sex.
However, if you are worried, or if you
show symptoms a few weeks after
unprotected sex, it is important to test for
HIV (unlike the AIDS test). If symptoms
disappear after a few days this does not
mean that you are free. Often people will
experience early signs and then show no
other external symptoms until a few years
later. By the time the infection may have
developed in your body and become
difficult to treat.
Clinics like Freedom Health in London
offer HIV testing that can detect the virus as
early as 10 days after infection. You can
also find treatments such as Post Exposure
Prophylaxis. This is a one month anti-HIV
treatment program aimed at those who
believe they may have just contracted the
virus.
Initial signs of infection are shown
differently in men and generally occur
within two to six weeks after HIV infection,
and is known as Immunodeficiency
Syndrome that damages a person's immune
system.
Early symptoms of HIV can be
inferred by the following signs:
1. Fever
Fever is one of the most common early
symptoms of HIV. This happens either in
men or women. These symptoms generally
appear immediately after infection,
occurring for two to four weeks, and
gradually disappearing like a common cold.
Usually a mild fever and increase body heat
around 100-101 degrees F.
2. Headache
Most people infected with HIV will get
a fever plus mild to moderate headaches.
This headache looks normal like a common
headache in everyday life.
3. Swollen glands
In an infected man can be found a
number of swelling or inflammation in one
or more lymph nodes. The glands in the
neck, armpits or groin gradually become
swollen and raised. In general, this swelling
or inflammation will not cause pain or
discomfort to the gland. In addition, these
symptoms can be mistaken for other
diseases.
4. Fatigue
Infected people can also be found with
dramatic changes in their energy levels or
stamina. They are easily exhausted or tired
than others without explaining why.
However, physical exercise can cause them
to be different and it is understandable that
feelings can also cause a little more fatigue
in the workplace.
5. Rash
In early HIV symptoms, it is possible
that a rash develops as a skin patch that
gradually changes color. The rash may
appear and only fades within a week to a
month after it first arises.
If there are such signs, the best advice
would be to test yourself. The idea of
examining HIV infection may be
frightening. But testing HIV itself does not
cause you HIV-positive or HIV-negative.
This is very important not only for your
own health but also to prevent transmission
of the virus to others.
How to Transmit HIV / AIDS Virus,
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency
Virus, a virus that attacks the human
immune system. AIDS stands for Acquired
Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS
comes after the virus (HIV) attacks our
immune system for five to ten years or
more. The immune system becomes weak,
and one or more diseases may arise.
Because of the weakness of the immune
system, some diseases may become more
severe than usual.
HIV is present in some body fluids,
namely:
1. Blood
2. Semen
3. Vaginal fluid
4. Breast milk (breast milk)
HIV is transmitted through:
1. Intercourse that allows the blood,
semen, or vaginal fluid from an
HIV-positive person to enter the
bloodstream of an uninfected
person (ie, unprotected intercourse
through the vagina or rectum, also
through the mouth, albeit with a
small chance).
2. Used needles used by others, and
containing HIV-infected
blood...Receiving an HIV-infected
blood transfusion.
3. From an HIV-positive mother to a
baby in the womb, delivery time,
and if breastfed alone.
Make it a habit to have your own
toothbrush and razor, as in addition to
personal hygiene, if there is blood there
will be a risk of transmission with other
viruses transported blood flow (such as
hepatitis), not just HIV.
HIV is not transmitted through:
1. Shake hands, hug.
2. Kissing.
3. Cough, sneeze.
4. Wearing household appliances
such as dinnerware, telephone,
bathroom, WC, bedroom, etc.
5. Mosquito bites.
6. Working, going to school,
driving together.
7. Using public facilities such as
swimming pools, public toilets,
saunas, etc.
HIV can not be transmitted
through the air. This virus also
quickly die if it is outside the body.
The virus can be killed if the body
fluids containing it are cleaned with
bleach such as Bayclin or Chlorox,
or with soap and water. HIV can not
be absorbed by the skin that is not
injured.
How Effective Treatments &
Prevention Of HIV Aids Health
Tips | How to Avoid HIV Malignant
Aids Disease
How Effective Treatments &
Prevention Of HIV Aids Health
Tips | How to Avoid Malignant HIV
Disease Aids - How To Avoid HIV
AIDS is the wisest & most effective
thing done by us, because treating it
will be longer and more difficult, in
Indonesia HIV AIDS case is a
frightening specter because the
disease is contagious. preventing
this disease such as not to exchange
spouses freely or use the needle
alternately, Meanwhile, the number
of HIV AIDS patients in Indonesia
continues to increase. As of
September 2006, the total number
of HIV positive people reached
4,617 people and AIDS 6,987
people. However, the case is an
iceberg phenomenon, more of
which are not observed than
reported. The Ministry of Health in
2006 estimated the number of
Indonesians infected with HIV
AIDS ranged from 169 thousand to
216 thousand people. Of the total
number of sex workers (180 rbu-
265 thousand people), 8,200-9,640
people have been infected with
HIV. Though customers of sex
workers in this largest Muslim
country reached 2.5 million people
up to 3.8 million people. Of the
96,000 inmates, some 4,300-6,000
inmates have HIV infection. In
2010, the estimated number of
people with HIV viruf reach 500
thousand people. Indeed, the
number of people with this deadly
disease will continue to increase. If
infected by HIV will lose the helper
T lymphocytes by 3 stages:
A healthy person has CD 4
lymphocytes as many as 800-1300
cells / mL of blood. In the first few
months after HIV infection, the
number decreases by 40-50%.
During these months the patient can
transmit HIV to others because
many virus particles are present in
the blood.
After about 6 months, the
number of virus particles in the
blood reaches a stable level, which
is different in each patient. The
destruction of CD4 + cells and the
spread of disease to others
continues. High levels of viral
particles and low levels of CD4 +
lymphocytes help doctors in
determining people who are at high
risk for AIDS.
 1-2 years before the onset of HIV positive patients and prolong
AIDS, the number of CD4 + life.
lymphocytes usually drops
Tips on How to Prevent HIV
dramatically. If the levels reach 200
Aids
cells / mL of blood.
HIV prevention programs are
Symptoms of HIV infection
focused primarily on community
within a few months or years before
education on how HIV is
infection or tumor is typical for
transmitted, with the aim of
AIDS. Symptoms include: swollen
changing the habits of people at
lymph nodes, weight loss, missing
high risk for contracting. Prevention
fever - arise, feelings of malaise,
is:
fatigue, diarrhea
For healthy people, Abstinens,
recurrent, anemia, thrush
Sex is safe (protected).
(fungal infection in the mouth). By
definition, AIDS begins with a low For HIV positive people,
number of CD4 + lymphocytes (less Abstinens, Sex safe, No blood or
than 200 cells / ml of blood) or the organ donation, Prevent pregnancy,
occurrence of opportunistic Tell her sexual partners before and
infections (infection by organisms after known to be infected.
that in people with good immune
systems do not cause disease). For drug abusers, Stop using
Cancer can also occur, such as used or joint injections, Follow the
Kaposi's sarcoma and non- rehabilitation program.
Hodgkin's lymphoma, the For health professionals, Using
symptoms of AIDS come from its latex gloves on every contact with
own HIV infection as well as body fluids, Using disposable
opportunistic and cancer infections. needles.
Many drugs can be used to treat
HIV infection: Nucleoside reverse
transcriptase inhibitor (AZT
(zidovudine), ddI (didanosine), ddC
(zalsitabin), d4T (stavudine), 3TC
(lamivudine), Abakavir), Non-
nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitor Nevirapin, Delavirdin,
Efavirenz), Protease inhibitors
(Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Indinavir,
Nelfinavir), These drugs prevent the
reproduction of the virus to slow the
progression of the disease. HIV will
soon form resistance to the drug
when used singly. The most
effective treatment is a combination
of 2 drugs / more, Combination
drugs can slow the onset of AIDS in