8. Determine required plate thickness: 2. Assume a 14-in. × 14-in. base plate.

The effective ec-

centricity is
Note: Since the Mpl is expressed in units of kip-in./in.,
the plate thickness expressions can be formatted with- LRFD ASD
out the plate width (B) as such:
Verification Example e = 720 kip-in./90 kips = 8.00 in. e = 480 kip-in./60 kips = 8.00 in.
LRFD ASD
AISC Design Guide 1, 2nd Edition
Base
4 MPlate Then, e > ekern; therefore, anchor rods are required to
u crit and Anchor Rod Design
4 M a crit Ω
tu req = ta req = resist the tensile force. The anchor rods are assumed to
φFy Fy
be 1.5 from the plate edge.
4×11.1 kip-in. 4× 7.68 kip-in.×1.67
= = 3. Determine the length of bearing.
0.90×36 ksi 36 ksi
= 1.17 in. = 1.19 in.
LRFD ASD

3.06 ksi ×14 in.×12.5 in. ′ 2.04 ksi ×14 in.×12.5 in.
f′= f =
9. Use plate size: 2 2
= 268 kips = 178 kips
N = 19 in.

B = 19 in.
thus,
t = 14 in. LRFD ASD
 2.04×14 
B.5.2 Example: Large Moment Base Plate Design,  3.06×14  1782 − 4  
2682 − 4    6 
Triangular Pressure Distribution Approach 268 −  6  178 −
 
× (60×5.5) + 480
Design the base plate shown in Figure B.4 for an ASD and × (90×5.5) + 720
A= A=
 
LRFD required strength of 60 and 90 kips, respectively, and 
 3.06×14 
  2.04×14 
 3   3 
moments from the dead and live loads equal to 480 and 720
kip-in., respectively. The ratio of the concrete to base plate = 5.27 in. = 5.27 in.
area (A2/A1) is 4.0. Bending is about the strong axis for the
wide flange column W8×31 with d = bf = 8 in.; Fy of the
base plate and anchor rods is 36 ksi and fc′ of the concrete
is 3 ksi.
1.
LRFD ASD

Pu = 90 kips Pa = 60 kips
M u = 720 kip-in. M a = 480 kip-in.
φPp Pp (0.85)(3.0)(2)
= 0.60(0.85)(3.0)(2) =
A1 ΩA1 2.50
≤ 0.60(1.7)((3.0) (1.7)(3.0)
≤
2.50
φPp Pp
= 3.06 ksi = 2.04 ksi
A1 ΩA1

Figure B.4. Design example with large eccentricity.

60 / DESIGN GUIDE 1, 2ND EDITION / BASE PLATE AND ANCHOR ROD DESIGN
4. Determine the required tensile strength of the anchor Anchor rods are placed at a 12-in. edge distance. The
rod. required moment strength, Mu pl or Ma pl, for a 1-in. strip
of plate due to the tension in the anchor rods is
LRFD ASD

3.06 ksi ×5.27 in.×14 in. 2.04 ksi ×5.27 in.×14 in. LRFD ASD
Tu = − 90 kips Ta = − 60 kips
2 2 22.8 kips(3.2 in. −1.5 in.) 15.2 kips(3.2 in. −1.5 in.)
= 22.8 kips = 15.2 kips M u pl = M a pl =
2(3.2 in. −1.5 in.) 2(3.2 in. −1.5 in.)
Trod = Tu / 2 = 11.4 kips Trod = Ta / 2 = 7.660 kips
= 11.4 in.-kips/in. = 7.60 in.-kips/in.

5. Determine the required plate thickness.

The required moment strength due to the bearing stress
The moment for this determination is to be taken at the distribution is critical.
critical plate width. This is determined by assuming that
the load spreads at 45° to a location 0.95d of the col- The required plate thickness is:
umn. The width is then taken as twice the distance from
the bolt to the critical section for each bolt, provided LRFD ASD
that the critical section does not intersect the edge of the 4(12.5 in.-kips) 4(8.33 in.-kips)(1.67)
tp = = 1.24 in. tp = = 1.24
plate. 0.90×36 ksi 36 ksi

The critical section, as shown in Figure B.5, is at 14 −

0.95(8)/2 = 3.2 in.
Use a 14 × 14 × 1�-in. base plate.
The required moment strength, Mu pl or Ma pl, for a 1-in.
strip of plate, determined from the bearing stress distri-
bution in Figure B.4, is

LRFD ASD
2
1.20 ksi ×(3.2 in.) 2
0.80 ksi ×(3.2 in.)
M u pl = M a pl =
2 2
2 (3.06 ksi −1.20 ksi) × (3.2 in.) 2 2 ( 2.04 ksi − 0.80 ksi) × (3.2 in.) 2
+ 3 + 3
2 2
= 12.5 in-kips/in. = 8.33 in-kips/in.

Figure B.5. Critical plate width for anchor bolt (tension side).

DESIGN GUIDE 1, 2ND EDITION / BASE PLATE AND ANCHOR ROD DESIGN / 61
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GEOMETRY SERVICE LOADS (ASD)

Column Section ................. W8X31 Vertical Load P ................ 60.0 kip
Width Length Bending Moment M ......... 40.0 k-ft
Column .......... 8.0 8.0 in Horizontal Load V ............ 0.0 kip
Plate .............. 14.0 14.0 in OK Design Eccentricity e ....... 8.0 in
Concrete Wp1 14.0 Lp1 14.0 in OK Design Eccentricity Is > L/2
Support Wp2 14.0 Lp2 14.0 in OK
Rod Offset ..... 5.5 5.5 in OK MATERIALS
Thickness of Grout ............ 1.5 in Plate Steel Strength Fy .... 36.0 ksi
Pier Concrete Strength f'c 3.0 ksi

AXIALLY LOADED PLATES

Cantilever Model Thornton Model
Bearing Stress fp ............. 0.31 ksi OK Bearing Strength Fp/Ω ..... 2.04 ksi
Critical Section @ Long m 3.20 in Critical Section @ Int λn' . 0.81 in
Critical Section @ Short n 3.80 in Design Moment @ Plate ... 0.10 k-in/in
Plate Thickness tp .......... 0.64 in Plate Thickness tp ............ 0.14 in

BASE PLATES WITH MOMENT

Blodgett Method DeWolf Method
Max. Bearing Stress fp ...... 1.64 ksi OK Max. Bearing Stress fp ...... 2.04 ksi OK
Bearing @ Critical Section 0.88 ksi Bearing @ Critical Section 0.80 ksi
Moment @ Critical Section 7.11 k-in/in Moment @ Critical Section 8.34 k-in/in
Moment due to Rod Tension 4.86 k-in/in Moment due to Rod Tension 3.86 k-in/in
Design Moment @ Plate .... 7.11 k-in/in Design Moment @ Plate .... 8.34 k-in/in
Plate Thickness tp ............. 1.15 in Plate Thickness tp ............. 1.24 in

1
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ANCHORAGE DESIGN SUMMARY OF RESULTS

Rod Material Specification ......... F1554-36 Design Moment @ Plate ... 8.3 k-in/in
(4) Rods , fya = 36.0 ksi, futa = 58.0 ksi Plate Thickness tp ............ 1.24 in
Anchor Rod Size .. 1" diam. x 16.0 in emb. Max. Bearing Stress fp ..... 2.04 ksi
Concrete Is Cracked at Service Load Level Bearing Strength Fp/Ω ...... 2.04 ksi
fp / Fp/Ω Design Ratio .............. 1.00 OK
Tension Analysis (kip) DESIGN IS DUCTILE
Total Tension Force N .......... 15.4 kip
Tension Force per Rod Ni .... 7.7 kip
Anchor Reinf: Use 2 Bars #5 per Rod
Failure Mode Ω Nn N / Nn/Ω
Steel Strength Nsa 2.00 35.1 0.44
Rebars Strength Nrg 2.00 74.4 0.41
Conc. Breakout Ncbg 2.00 N.A. N.A.
Pullout Strength Npn 2.00 36.0 0.43
Side Blowout Nsbg 2.00 N.A. N.A.
N / Nn/Ω Tension Design Ratio .... 0.44 OK

Shear Analysis (kip)

Shear Taken by Anchor Rods only
Total Shear Force V ........... 0.0 kip
Shear Force per Rod Vi ...... 0.0 kip
All Anchor Rods Are Effective
No Reinforcing Bars Provided
Failure Mode Ω Vn V / Vn/Ω
Steel Strength Vsa 2.31 16.9 0.00
Rebars Strength Vrg 2.31 N.A. N.A.
Conc. Breakout Vcbg 2.14 11.9 0.00
Conc. Pryout Vcpg 2.14 52.8 0.00
V / Vn/Ω Shear Design Ratio ...... 0.00 OK

Tension-Shear Interaction
Combined Stress Ratio ........... 0.25 OK

DESIGN CODES
Steel design ............. AISC 360-10 (14th Ed.)
Base plate design .... AISC Design Series # 1
Anchorage design ... ACI 318-11 Appendix D

2
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Tension Breakout Shear Breakout

3
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Column Section ................. Vertical Load P ................ kip

Width Length Bending Moment M ......... k-ft
Column .......... in Horizontal Load V ............ kip
Plate .............. in OK Design Eccentricity e ....... 8.0 in

Concrete Wp1 Lp1 in OK Design Eccentricity Is > L/2

Support Wp2 Lp2 in OK
Rod Offset ..... in OK
Thickness of Grout ............ in Plate Steel Strength Fy .... ksi
Pier Concrete Strength f'c ksi

Bearing stress 60.0 / (14.0 * 14.0) = 0.3 ksi

Bearing strength = 0.85 * 3.0 * = 5.1 ksi ACI 10.14.1

Under-strength factor Ω = 2.50 ACI 9.3.2.4

0.3
Bearing strength ratio = = = 0.15 < 1.0 OK
2.0 / 2.50
Critical section m = 0.5 * (14.0 - 0.95 *8.0) = 3.2 in AISC-DG#1 3.1.2
Critical section n = 0.5 * (14.0 - 0.80 *8.0) = 3.8 in
4 * 8.0 * 8.0
[ ] * 0.15 = 0.15 AISC-DG#1 3.1.2
(8.0 + 8.0)²

= = 0.40
+ -
= = 2.0 in
Controlling section Max (3.2, 3.8, 0.40 * 2.0) = 3.8 in
Plate moment 0.3 * 3.8² / 2 = 2.2 k-in/in

Plate thickness = 3.8 * = 0.64 in AISC-DG#1 3.1.2

1
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Eccentricity 40.0 * 12 / 60.0 = 8.0 in > L / 6 = 14.0 / 6 = 2.3in

Bearing length

Y = 1.5 * (14.0 / 2 + 5.5) - 0.5 * [ + ]- = 5.3 in AISC-DG#1 B.4.2

Max bearing stress 2.0 ksi

Tension 2.0 * 5.3 * 14.0 / 2 - 60.0 = 15.4 kip AISC-DG#1 B.4.2
Bearing at critical section 2.0 * (1 - 3.2 / 5.3) = 0.8 ksi
AISC-DG#1 3.1.2
Moment due to bearing
Mb = 0.8 * 3.2² / 2 + (2.0 - 0.8) * 3.2² / 3 = 8.3 k-in/in
Moment due to tension
Mt = 7.7 * [3.2 - (14.0 / 2 - 5.5)] / [2 * (3.2 - (14.0 / 2 - 5.5))] = 3.9 k-in/in

Plate thickness = = 1.24 in

2
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Rod Material Specification ...... F1554-36 , Use (4) Rods , fya = 36.0 ksi, futa = 58.0 ksi
Anchor Rod Size .... 1" diam. x 16.0 in emb. , Ase = 0.61 in² , Abrg = 1.50 in²
ACI D.5
Total tension force N = 15.4 kip , # of tension rods = 2 , Tension force per rod Ni = 7.7 kip
- Steel strength of anchors in tension ACI D.5.1
Steel strength 0.606 * 58.0 = 35.1 kip ACI Eq. (D-2)
Under-strength factor Ω = 2.00 ACI D.4.3
7.7
Steel strength ratio = = = 0.44 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1
35.1 / 2.00
- Concrete breakout strength of anchors in tension ACI D.5.2
Anchor reinforcement: Use 2 bars #5 per rod
Bar strength 0.31 * 2 * 2 * 60 = 74.4 kip
Under-strength factor Ω = 2.00 ACI D.5.2.9
15.4
Bar strength ratio = = = 0.41 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1
74.4 / 2.00
Effective embedment 19.50 / 1.5 = 13.00 in ACI D.5.2.3
Anchor group area
Anc = (19.5 + 8.5) * (8.5 + 11.0 + 8.5) = 784.0 in² ACI D.5.2.1
Single anchor area 9 * (13.0)² = 1521.0 in² Eq. (D-5)
Single anchor strength = 24 = 61.6 kip Eq. (D-6)
Eccentricity factor 1.00 (No eccentric load) ACI D.5.2.4
8.5
Edge effects factor = 0.7 + 0.3 = 0.83 ACI D.5.2.5
1.5 * 13.0
Cracking factor 1.00 (Cracked concrete at service load level) ACI D.5.2.6

Breakout strength

784.0
1.00 * 0.83 * 1.00 * 61.6 = 26.4 kip Eq. (D-4)
1521.0
Under-strength factor Ω = 2.00 ACI D.4.3
15.4
Breakout strength ratio = = = 1.17 > 1.0 NG ACI D.4.1.1
26.4 / 2.00
Bar strength ratio controls (0.41 < 1.17) ACI D.5.2.9
- Concrete pullout strength of anchors in tension ACI D.5.3
Single anchor strength 8 * 1.50 * 3.0 = 36.0 kip ACI Eq. (D-14)
Cracking factor 1.00 (Cracked concrete at service load level) ACI D.5.3.6
Pullout strength 1.00 * 36.0 = 36.0 kip ACI Eq. (D-13)
Under-strength factor Ω = 2.00 ACI D.4.3
7.7
Pullout strength ratio = = = 0.43 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1
36.0 / 2.00

3
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- Concrete side-face blowout strength of anchors in tension ACI D.5.4

Side-face blowout Nsbg = N.A. (Embed < 2.5 Ca₁ , 16.0 < 2.5 * 8.5 = 21.3) ACI D.5.4.1

Tension Design Ratio = = 0.44 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1

ACI D.5
Shear resisted by Anchor Rods only (anchor rods are welded to the base plate)
Total shear force V = 0.0 kip , Shear per rod Vi = 0.0 kip , (all anchor rods are effective)
- Steel strength of anchor rods in shear
Steel strength 0.6 * 0.61 * 58.0 * 0.80 = 16.9 kip ACI D.6.1.2
Under-strength factor Ω = 2.31 ACI D.4.3
0.0
Steel strength ratio = = = 0.00 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1
16.9 / 2.31
- Concrete breakout strength of anchors in shear ACI D.5.2
No Reinforcing bars provided
Anchor group area
Avc = (1.5 * 8.00) * (8.50 + 11.00 + 8.50) = 336.0 in² ACI D.6.2.1
Single anchor area 4.5 * (8.00)² = 288.0 in² Eq. (D-32)

Single anchor strength

Vb = Vb = 11.2 kip Eq. (D-33)

Eccentricity factor 1.00 (No eccentric load) ACI D.6.2.5

8.50
Edge effects factor = 0.7 + 0.3 = 0.91 ACI D.6.2.6
1.5 * 8.0
Cracking factor 1.00 (Cracked concrete at service load level) ACI D.6.2.7
Thickness factor ACI D.6.2.8

Breakout strength

336.0
1.00 * 0.91 * 1.00 * 1.00 * 11.2 = 11.9 kip Eq. (D-31)
288.0
Under-strength factor Ω = 2.14 ACI D.4.3
0.0
Breakout strength ratio = = = 0.00 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1
11.9 / 2.14
Breakout strength ratio controls (0.00 < 0.00) ACI D.6.2.9

4
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- Concrete pryout strength of anchors in shear

Pryout strength 2.0 * 11.9 = 52.8 kip ACI D.6.3.1
Under-strength factor Ω = 2.14 ACI D.4.3
0.0
Pryout strength ratio = = = 0.00 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1
52.8 / 2.14

Shear Design Ratio = = 0.00 < 1.0 OK ACI D.4.1.1

Combined Stress Ratio =

Combined Stress Ratio = + = 0.25 < 1.0 OK ACI RD.7

Anchorage design is ductile

Steel design ................... AISC 360-10 (14th Ed.)

Base plate design .......... AISC Design Series # 1
Anchorage design ......... ACI 318-11 Appendix D