BUSINESS PROPOSAL REPORT

2
FBM 15303 | Brand Proposal and Personal Promotion
Part A - Business Proposal Report

2017-2018
Ravensbourne
Linn van Leeuwen

BA Fashion Buying & Brand Management

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Pg 5

PROPOSAL INTRODUCTION Pg 8

THE MARKETING MIX (7Ps) Pg 16

People Pg 18

Product Pg 24

Price Pg 50

Position Pg 54

Place Pg 62

Promotion Pg 68

Persuasion Pg 94

BUSINESS PLANNING Pg 98

SUMMARY Pg 104

SWOT ANALYSIS Pg 108

BIBLIOGRAPHY & LIST OF IMAGES Pg 112

3
 ZAR

4
ARA PETITE

Executive Summary
Today our society has been more focused than ever on bringing together and embracing diversity. In the
past plus-size has been in the center of attention and because of this we have started to normalise this
new paradigm. Currently, we are slowly seeing change within the fashion industry on embracing this new
ideal and taking the steps to catering towards this large yet marginalised market. However, even though
it is great that we are focusing on this issue at hand. We have neglected an other issue that needs the
spotlight just as much. The petite market is often left out, and we feel that we are more of an after thought.
From a survey conducted in October 2017 with a total of 62 respondents, who are all 5’3” and under. Only
58.1% sometimes buy petite clothing with comments stating that petite sizing varies, is confusing and/or is
considered too large while some say there barely is any difference in comparison to the regular sizes. There
have also been several complaints claiming that petite clothing do not cater towards women who are more
on the plus-size end of the spectrum. We must also remember that plus-size woman can be short too. In
addition, only 50% of respondents felt that there’s a insufficent range of styles available in petite and 22.6%
answered ‘sometimes’. Moreover 67.7% all agreed that petite clothing could be more fashion forward.
Therefore, we feel that it is also important to cater to shorter women in clothes with a sufficient range of
styles so that they can also feel empowered and fashionable in their everyday life. We are an internationally
known established brand leading the world of attractive and affordable fashion with over 2,000 stores
across 96 markets. We greatly value our customers and your feedback. With our unique business model,
extensive infrastructure and retail networks... we can promise you that we are fully qualified and dedicated
to provide customers 5’3” and under better fitting fashion that they cannot get before.

5
6
ZARA PETITE
The Proposal

7
 Proposal Introduction
Our current problem is that the petite market feels left out and that they are being treated as an
afterthought. Considering that the fashion industry is taking significant steps towards other gaps such
as gender neutral fashion and the plus-size market, why is there little being said about petites?

In the fashion industry, many brands categorise petite women who are 5’3” (160cm) and under. Our
primary research conducted in October 2017 justifies that there is a gap in the market. With a total of
62 respondents (Women 5’3” [160cm] and under) have expressed dissatisfaction with petite clothing.
Several factors being within fit and size to lack of sufficient range and styles offered. This small group
of participants is an indication of the petite market as a whole.

Looking at the bigger picture, research claims that the average height for women around the world
is considered 5’3” (AverageHeight.Co, 2016). If we look specifically into countries separately, the
average female height in the United States of America is 5’4” and the United Kingdom 5’4.4”. Brazil and
Chile’s female average height is 5’2” and South Korea too. The majority of lowest average heights are
located in the South American and South East Asian region, lowest being 4’8” (Chloe PH.D/M.D., 2017).
Lastly, according to a study from Imperial College in London - the average human is getting shorter.
In summary, main factors that influence human height are nourishment in early infancy in correlation
with environmental factors such as nourishment and wealth of a country. The USA for instance are
falling behind in emphasizing decent nutrional standards for youths and increasing cheap, processed
fast food. As well as the competitive nature of today’s society and lack of affordability in insurance and
medical care (Samuels, 2016). All in all... how come petite is considered 5’3 whilst the average woman
is 5’3? Why is it also that many of our average consumers find themselves shopping in the petite
sections? Perhaps the reason as to why many brands are brushing off petite ranges is because of their
lack of dedication towards it, which is reflected in their poor sales.

The new petite line for Zara will encorporate trend-led pieces and unique designs that are frequently
updated with improved sizing that will properly fit women 5’3” and under. For women are petite in frame
and for women who are on the curvier end of the spectrum.

In this report you will find out how we will fill in the gap in the market and the execution of this new
business proposal through exploring the seven P’s of the marketing mix: People, Product, Price, Position,
Place, Promotion and Persuasion. In addition, the report consists of a business plan on how this brand
expansion is commercially viable and how it’ll successfully meet consumer demands, as well as its
short-term complications that we might expect.

8
ZARA PETITE
9
 OUR MISSION
10
 PETITE

Introducing Zara Petite,

a unique fashion range that continues to innovate and
put customers at the heart of Zara’s unique business
model. The collections cater to customers 5’3” and
under and focus on trend-led designs, quality materials
and affordable price points.

11
THE RESEARCH
My Primary research prove that there’s a gap in the market. My questionnaire, that was conducted
in fall 2017 with 62 respondents (Women 5’3” and under) that expressed dissatisfaction with
petite clothing. Varying from issues within fit and size to lack of sufficient range and styles offered.
Many respondents also felt that the petite ranges offered were only catered towards consumers
who are petite in frame but not to those who are short and curvy as well. Respondents also
expressed frustration regarding clothes offered are too long for petite women and more suitable
for consumers above the stated height. Furthermore, the results from primary research also
implied that there’s high demand for petite clothing. However, many respondents were not able
to give enough feedback because of the lack (to none) petite ranges available which resulted in
insufficient quantitative data. However, every respondent claims that they wish there were more
petite clothing available in the market.

In order to establish whether there is demand for a gap in the market. A online survey was conducted specifically for
women 5’3 (160cm) and under that was sent out on 10 October, 2017. As of January 2018, the survey has received a
total of 62 responses.

53.2%
of the respondents
24.2%
of the respondents
17.7%
of the respondents
are age 20-24 are age 16-19 are age 25-34

Do you buy petite clothing?

28
Not at all
Sometimes

29.0%
of the respondents
are below 155cm
58.1% 12.9%
All the time

34
of the respondents
This pie chart here portrays consumer awareness about petite clothing but
also gives an indication of how the petite sector is performing. Only 12.9%
shop at petite sections, this either indicates that there are still existing
are above 155cm issues within the sector and/or perhaps that there might not be enough
awareness nor availability for customers. However, 58.1% said ‘Sometimes’
which indicates poor sales on petite clothing.

12
 More than 50% 67.7% shop both
are a student online and in-store

Zara’s current demographic are women aged Zara’s current demographic are women aged
16 to 40. However, a majority of their customer 16 to 40. However, a majority of their customer
base are on the younger end of the spectrum base are on the younger end of the spectrum
with a lower to mid-range income. Because with a lower to mid-range income. Because
Zara is very customer oriented, they focus Zara is very customer oriented, they focus
largely on quality, affordable and fashionable largely on quality, affordable and fashionable
products for consumers who appreciate style. products for consumers who appreciate style.

What do you struggle with in terms of fit? (Multiple selection)

Jeans in general 36 (58.1%)

Length of jeans 47 (75.8%)

Shoulder breadth 16 (27.4%)
Sleeve length 35 (56.5%)
Big around waist & hips 10 (16.1%)

Big around waist but fits on hips 28 (45.2%)

Fits on waist but loose on hips 6 (9.7%)
Too baggy/oversized 23 (37.1%)
Too tight 12 (19.4%)

Deeper/bigger plunge in the front 20 (32.3%)

Too much space around bust 7 (11.3%)

Too little space around bust 1 (1.6%)

0 10 20 30 40 50

*Others have said: Issues with bra’s (1.6%), fits at waist but not the thighs (1.6%), sits lower at waist than it is supposed to (1.6%), waist and hips on
dresses are too low (1.6%).

13
 “(Petite sizing is) pretty bad, but considering
5"4 is average height and petite starts at 5"3,
it’s essentially catering to half of all women
and not specifically shorter women at all.
This means anything more structured or
with cut-aways, is usually out because the
torso is too long and everything just falls
in the wrong place. It also tends to have a
more child like shape so finding clothes to
fit over a d cup can be pretty hard. Often
anything that fits nicely over my chest is
way too big for my waist and vice versa.”

- Survey Respondent

Quotes from Survey

“I think it can be expanded especially when fashion cities where people from all over to
accommodate that.”

“I’ve only seen petite sections in two store chains and the space is used well. In both it
covers one third to one half of their store space and the selection is comparable to their non-
petite sections, which is great. Unfortunately in both stores, their sizes are too large for me;
their size 0 in tops is like a size 4 or 6 at most other stores I shop at, and since I’m normally
a size 0 or 2, I’m too petite for their petite section.”

“(In response to What brands do you think could improve on their sizing? And why?): all
the fast fashion big brants like H&M, Zara, etc because those are affordable brands that
everyone else can purchase but we’re unable to.”

“It wouldn’t matter much to me. I might check it out for work pants, but I wouldn’t have high
expectations to be honest. I used to be obese and plus-sized stores never had nice clothes.
Petite stores would have bland clothes too. I’ve seen stores for tall people; all of these special
sizing stores are so niche that they just don’t have the money to put into getting really good
designers and offering a great selection of fashion-forward items. Also, brand names matter
to me, so unless this store was an offshoot of a popular brand or one that I already liked, my
interest just wouldn’t be high.”

“Yes. Not just about the issue how a lot of clothing don’t always fit properly; but even where
there is some petite clothing, the style is very limited and catered more to the mainstream
and often feels more like for old ladies than modern younger women who are into various
fashion styles, subcultures, etc.... People forget that not only are there petite people out
there (we aren’t even that rare depending on the where you live); but we all have different
styles as well. Plus there needs to be clothing for all occasions-casual, interviews, work,
evenings out in town, etc....”
14
On 22 November, 2017 a 56 minute longfocus group was conducted with four particpants who are below 5’3.

The participants:

Lauren: Third year sound design student and is 5’ tall

Sara: Third year graphic design student, in her late 30s and is 5’1” tall
Holly: First year fashion buying student and is 5’ tall as well
Jel: Ravensbourne graduate, mid 30s and is 5’1”

All agreed that leg length is the main issue
regarding clothing
All agreed that Topshop petite do petite
sizing the best, however not all styles
available are appealing nor inclusive to the
regular Topshop range. Whereas as all found
Missguided the worst brand for petites
Mixed thoughts about shopping in-store
versus online. Though many would
prefer to try on the clothes than ordering
online. Some prefer online to avoid feeling
embarrassed or disappointment of effort
going to the stores

All agreed on inclusivity in terms of
merchandising, they want to be able to
shop with their friends instead of having to
go to the “petite section” on their own and
meet up later
All wished Zara could do a petite None of whom knew of any influencers
line as they find their clothing and bloggers who are petite or represent
appealing but has the most petite clothing besides celebrities - who
issues regarding sizing get their clothes specifically made for them

Focus Group Quotes

Holly: “Yeah, I would agree and I think, sometimes with petite extra small sizing
for example, it can just mean that they are like really tight and they haven’t
adjusted the arms or the length or the shoulders to fit the actual garment.
Because they imagine everyone to be super thin if they are petite but they
don’t imagine people to be shorter its kind of like they are ignoring us. ”

Jel: “Or maybe somebody famous who is also has the same build, because like
forme I always reference to somebody who I know is a bit the same build as me
orsame height. So when I see that person wearing this outfit, its like “oh maybe
that brand is good for me” then I would find something from that brand. ”

Lauren: “I don’t know any. It’s funny because there are a lot of plus size models
online.So I think it would be great if more people - if there were more petite. ”

Jel: “I want Zara to have petite as well - a petite line. Their clothes are so so so
nicebut like every time I’m just disappointed that I never got anything from it.

Holly: “Zara is like one brand where I go and think, wow everything is too long.”

15
16
ZARA PETITE
The Marketing Mix

17
18
1_PEOPLE
 ZARA PETITE TARGET MARKET
• Female
• Aged 16-40, majority young women. 54.4% of the
respondents are age 20-24
• International - global audience
• Fashion forward and trend conscious
• Mid-range incomes, affordable price points for
students and the working class
• Use social-medial channels like Facebook, Youtube
and Instagram (Keller, 2012)
• Cubeyou revealed that the two most
popular artists that Zara customers listen
to are Beyoncé and Rihanna
• Up to date with celebrity culture
• Because they look up to celebrities and
influencers, Zara customers are ambitious
people and want to emulate the celebrity
V.I.P. look
19
Model Off Duty
• STREET STYLE INSPIRED
• OLIVIA PALERMO,ROMEE STRIJD, ELSA
HOSK
• BLOGGER LIFESTYLE
• TRAVEL & ON THE GO
• HEALTH & FITNESS ENTHUSIAST
• SOCIAL MEDIA-SAVVY

Do you follow fashion trends?

(62 responses)

No - I don’t pay
attention to
fashion
14

Sometimes
No - I love
.0%

fashion 24.6%
but I set
my own
trends
43.9%
17.5%
Yes - I love
fashion
20
 Girl Boss
• EMPOWERED
• FEMININE AND
MASCULINE STYLE
• WORKING GIRL
• ALEXA CHUNG,
VICTORIA (IN THE FROW)
• FLAT/TOWNHOUSE
• TECH SAVVY
• BASED IN BIG & POPULATED
CITIES

“Good quality, consistent

sizing, great selection of both
casual and work attire, and the
prices... are right in that sweet spot
between ‘too cheap to be decent
quality’ and ‘too expensive
to buy more than just one
thing per order.’”

- Survey Respondent

“Asos has the best variety

with not so great quality, but
shipping/return is hassle free.
Ann Taylor & Loft have more
items that fit my

work-wear needs,
though LOFT can run quite
large and petite sections in
store can be very limited.”

- Survey Respondent

21
•
•
EUROPEAN INFLUENCE
STRONG PASSION FOR FASHION
The Fashionista
• FEMININE
• SWANTJE SOEMMER, RUTA (RUTA EN ROUTE),
NICOLE BALLARDINI (NICKEYINSIDEOUT)
• BLOGGER LIFESTYLE / INSTAGRAM AESTHETIC

22
 ZARA CONSUMER
Psychographic Profile

PETITE
INNOVATORS 2.5%

EARLY EARLY LATE

LAGGARDS
ADOPTERS MAJORITY MAJORITY
16.0%
13.5% 34.0% 34.0%

Due to Zara’s establishment, they’re able to quickly react to consumer demands and trends
internationally. Often taking inspiration from the catwalk and imitate ideas (with a twist) at a affordable
price. Therefore, Zara would be placed near Early Adopters and Early Majority. Early adopters are more
integrated into society than innovators, and they also have the largest voice in regards to opinion.
Which is why Zara’s largest consumer base sits within this category.

Buying Preferences
• Limited one of a kind, and unique pieces
• Bought at full price to avoid sellout of stock because of limited sale and promotions
• Frequent visits to store to see what’s new - frequently updated products
• Attention to price and value of the product

23
24
2_PRODUCt
25
26
PETITE

27
Made to fit
women of all
body types with
stylish silhouettes
that are
empowering and
feminine

28
PETITE

29
30
PETITE

31
32
33
34
PETITE
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
BOSTON MATRIX
Refined Opulence S/S 2019

STAR PROBLEM CHILD (?)

(High Market Growth & (High Market Growth &
High Market Share) Low Market Share)

CASH COWS DOG

(Low Market Growth & (Low Market Growth &
High Market Share) Low Market Share)

46
 BOSTON MATRIX
Concrete Jungle S/S 2019

STAR PROBLEM CHILD (?)

(High Market Growth & (High Market Growth &
High Market Share) Low Market Share)

CASH COWS DOG

(Low Market Growth & (Low Market Growth &
High Market Share) Low Market Share)

N/A

47
ZARA PETITE
SIZE GUIDE
BOTTOMS

Size 4S 6S 8S 10S 12S 14S 16S

US Size 25 26 27 28 29 30 44

European Size 32 34 36 38 40 42 44

European Size XS S M L XL XXL

31
TROUSERS/SKIRT SIZING GRADE (CM)

Size 4S 6S 8S 10S 12S 14S 16S

Waist Relaxed 31 32 34.5 37 39.5 42 44.5

Waistband Depth 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

High Hip (10cm) 40 42.5 45 47.5 50 52.5 55

Low Hip (20cm) 42 44.5 47 49.5 52 54.5 57

Inside Leg 54 54 54 56 56 58 58

Thigh Width 24 25.5 27 28.5 30 31.5 33

Knee Width 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Leg Opening 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Front Rise 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

Back Rise 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

Zip Length 10.8 11.8 12.8 13.8 14.8 15.8 16.8

CF Skirt Length
30 31 32 33 35.5 38.5 42.5
Short

CF Skirt Length
60 61 62 63 65.5 68.5 72.5
Midi

CF Skirt Length
83 84 85 86 88.5 91.5 72.5
Long

48
The petite size guide is similiar to the current size that Zara has. Our
bottoms will be sized the same way from UK 4 to 16, and instead will
have ‘S’ next to it that stands for ‘Short’ so that consumers know
that this is a petite garment. As bottoms are the largest issue that
consumers have, the sizing changes are predominantly made within
the bottoms grade. The data is taken from a standard petite UK size 4
with adjustments made accordingly in inside leg length and skirt length.

From the standard UK 4 petite trouser, the inside leg length is 73.5 cm.
We have made the inside leg length for a UK 4, 54 cm. The standard
inside leg length (Based off the brand Seasalt’s size chart) is 79 cm.
What brands may have done to size their petite clothing is by comparing
heights. Average height is considered around 5’7” (170.18 cm) and
petite is marked at 5’3” (160 cm). Therefore, they must have subtracted
the two heights in order to get the difference. Which is 7 cm. This is
then subtracted by the general inside leg length (79 - 7 = 72 cm).

According to Seasalt’s size chart, they’ve kept the inside leg length 79
cm across all sizes. In this case, we have altered the length as it goes
up larger sizes. The leg length will take in consideration the woman’s
curves as well so that trouser length won’t feel too short.

49
50
3_PRICE
 ZARA S/S 2019
PETITE PRICING
The petite extension for Zara will not be changed. The price
points will be maintained at its current price point. This
includes psychological odd pricing throughout its markets
(Spain, UK and USA). Examples are shown on page 51.
This is to keep consistency of the Zara brand. In terms of
the price brand matrix, Zara’s price points will be the same
as its current. With garments priced up to £200.00, it varies
from basic staples to studio/boutique style items for Zara
customers who have a more higher income and are more
fashion forward.

51
PRICE BRAND MATRIX

£4.00 *£219.60

£2.00 £80.90

£9.00 £110.00

£3.00 £84.46

£6.50 £134.07

£3.00 £150.00

£3.00 £104.02

£3.99 £66.92

£4.00 £53.94

£7.00 £136.41

£6.00 *£285.00

£9.50 £160.00

£13.00 £115.00

£30.00 *£450.00

£41.00 *£249.00

£74.00 *£371.00

£9.00 *£200.00

£0 £20 £40 £60 £80 £100 £120 £140 £160 £180 £460

= Mean Price Point * = Price over £180

*NOTE: Bomb Petite, Petite Studio and Reformation had no sufficient data nor on EDITED

52
 PETITE £9.00 *£200.00

£0 £20 £40 £60 £80 £100 £120 £140 £160 £180

£460
* = Price over £180

€45.95, £39.99, $59.90 €69.95, £69.99, $89.90 €39.95, £35.99, $49.90

53
 4_POSITION The key competitors that
provide petite are within the
circle. As seen in the graph,
Zara’s position would be on
the more fashion-end of the
spectrum. They are more
fashion forward than other
brands such as ASOS and
Topshop because they react
more quickly towards trends
and new Designs from the
runway.

54
 PRICE/STYLE MATRIX

HIGH PRICE
CLASSIC

FASHION

LOW PRICE

55
COMPETITOR
COMPARATIVE CHART

Z A R A P E T I T E
Retailer Zara - Petite Brand Extension

Sizing General: XS, S, M, L, XL and XXL

Denim: UK 4S, 6S, 8S, 10S, 12S, 14S to 16S

Pricing £9.00 to £200.00

Style Mix Predominantly trend-led pieces and unique designs

Comment Fashion-forward, fashionable/trendy, versatile selection of

both classic and edgy pieces and balanced mix of workwear, casual
and occasions

HIGH FASHION/
FASHION-FOWARD
(?)

TREND-LED
(STAR PIECES)
FASHION PY

BASICS/CORE PIECES
(CASH COWS)

Each pyramid block depicts how much

56 stock. The lower, the more stock
 T O P S H O P
Competitor Topshop

Sizing General: UK 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 to 16

Jeans: W24L28, W25L28, W26L28, W28L28, W30L28, W32L28, W34L28

Pricing £6.00 to £169.00

Style Mix Predominantly basics, small range of trend-led pieces

Comment Youthful, British heritage, trendy, street style inspired

simplified and feminine/girly

HIGH FASHION/
FASHION-FOWARD
(?)

BASICS/CORE PIECES
(CASH COWS)
N PYRAMID

TREND-LED
(STAR PIECES)

*Image from
Topshop’s Website - Petite Section

57
 A S O S P E T I T E
Retailer ASOS - Petite Own Brand

Sizing General: UK 2, 4, 6, 8 , 10, 12, 14, to 16

Denim: W23, W24, W25, W26, W28, W30, W32, W34

Some jeans include a leg inseam choice of 26” and/or 28” - not consistent

Pricing £5.00 to £235.00

Style Mix Predominantly trend-led pieces and unique designs

Comment Affordable/cheap, trend-driven and basic core pieces with

British inspiration. Has Sufficient range of festival/occasion type clothing

TREND-LED
(STAR PIECES)

BASICS/CORE PIECES
(CASH COWS)

FASHION-FOWARD/RISKY
STATEMENT PIECES
(?) *Image from
ASOS’s Website
- Petite Section

58
 PRODUCT
COMPARISON ANALYSIS
Topshop Petite ASOS Petite

59
 ZARA PETITE
COMPARISON ANALYSIS
Woman Collection TRF

More trend-led pieces &

quick turnaround

Commercial with quality

Balanced with
workwear, casual and
for special occasions

Appealing to a wide
audience than a niche
group

Revamped classic
pieces

60
 Analysis & Summary:

• Topshop & ASOS Petite focus largely more on the younger generation with youthful and simple
silhouettes
• A lot of products stocked are basics and staple pieces that petite women could even buy in a regular size
without sizing issues as the main issue that petite women have is within length (bottoms) ratherthan
the torso aspect
• Topshop & ASOS Petite stock more festival inspired items
• However, all three brands target consumers with lower to mid-range income consumers though
Topshop more towards students and young adults in their 20s
• ASOS Petite itself is more on the cheaper end of quality with affordable pricing. Though ASOS also
stock other brands who do petite (E.g. New Look, Glamorous, River Island, etc) which gives them more
of a competitive advantage

Brand identity prism for Petite Zara (with additions made in blue):

Confidence, stylish,
unique, trendy, youthful
Contemporary

European, international,
diversity, style is part of
Connection, friendship life and bringing
Inclusion, reliability confidence

Unique, style, urban, youthful and Young and mature, confident,

intelligent, diverse self-expression, dress to impress

We’ve updated our brand identity prism which includes Zara Petite. The new prism conveys our position and the kind of
brand we are, which is reflected in our products.

61
62
5_PLACE
KEY LOCATIONS

UNITED STATES
& CANADA EUROPE KOREA
CHINA & JAPAN

AUSTRALIA &
NEW ZEALAND

Zara’s Key Locations (Flagships) - Petite Brand Extension

• Fifth Avenye, New York • Corso Vittorio Emanuele, Milan

• Oxford Street, London • Nevsky Prospect, Saint Petersburg
• Calle Serrano, Madrid • Shibuya and Ginza, Tokyo
• Via del Corso, Rome • Myeongdong, Seoul
• Champs-Elysees, Paris

1,401 Zara Stores in Other Locations:

• Asia • Europe (Continued)

• Mainland China = 204 • Italy = 99 (Inc. 2 Flagships)
• Japan = 94 (Inc. 1 Flagship) • Russia = 88 (Inc. 1 Flaghip)
• South Korea = 42 (Inc. 1 Flagship) • United Kingdom = 69 (Inc. 1 Flagship)
• Hong Kong SAR = 14 • Portugal = 58
• Oceania • Germany = 77
• Australia = 19 • Americas:
• New Zealand = 1 • United States of America = 89 (Inc. 1 Flagship)
• Europe • Mexico = 63
• Spain = 326 (Inc. 1 Flagship) • Canada = 32
• France = 126 (Inc. 1 Flagship)
63
PRODUCT TIERING
& ALLOCATION

ZARA PETITE
64
 ONLINE
Worldwide Shipping & International

E
65
 FLAGSHIPS
New York, London, Madrid, Rome, Paris, Milan, St. Petersburg, Tokyo & Seoul
Total 9 Stores

66
 ALL STORES
UK, Europe, Americas, Asia, Australia & New Zealand
Total 1,401 Stores

67
68
6_PROMOTION
 BRANDING
INSPIRATION

69
ZARA CURRENT WEBSITE

70
71
ZARA WEBSITE
WITH PETITE PROMOTION

72
The Zara website is carefully curated and well taken care off. Ensuring
that every product is updated and visually appealing as much as possible.
We want to do the same for petite. Compared to our competitors
(ASOS, Topshop, Boohoo, etc) rarely to never have advertised or made
any editorial content featuring their petite products and petite models
as much as the regular collections. For us, we would like to bring
equality and ensure that all our markets (Woman, TRF, Man and Kids)
are evenly shared with the spotlight. The more visual content we put
on social media and our website, the more it will attract our consumers
and help give them a better idea of what our product looks like.

SPRING SUMMER 2019

WOMENSWEAR 5’3” & UNDER

73
ZARA WEBSITE - NEW IN

74
 ZARA
PETITE WOMAN
SPRING SUMMER 2019 | WOMENSWEAR 5’3” & UNDER

75
76
 ZARA PETITE HERE TO STAY
Introducing Zara Petite, weekly fashion trends for women 5’3” and under. Update your
wardrobe with the latest clothes that are unique and cutting-edge so you can stay in style and
feel empowered. Subscribe to our newsletter and be the first to discover new fashion trends.
77
ZARA CAMPAIGN &
CAMPAIGN FILM
On Location Photoshoot:

Zara Petite TRF Campaign S/S 2019

Location:
Barbican, London UK

Photographer:
Gea Wongsida

Hair & Makeup:

Grace Luck

78
 Zara Website Photoshoot:

9 Zara Petite Studio Shoot S/S 2019

Location:
Ravensbourne Studio

Photographer:
Gea Wongsida

Hair Stylist:
Olli Hull

Makeup Artist:
Jessie Baker

79
Film Screen Stills:

80
Zara Petite TRF Film Campaign S/S 2019

Location:
Barbican, London UK

Videographer:
Dion Schuddeboom

Hair & Makeup:

Grace Luck

81
 ZARA PETITE
ON SOCIAL MEDIA

82
 ZARA
PETITE
THIS SPRING
SUMMER 2019
COMING SOON

ZARA Petite New Line

S U B T L E / M I N I M A L / S O P H I S T I CAT E D / AU T H E N T I C

83
 New Petite Line Launching this Spring,
March 21 | #ZaraPetite

84
 #ZaraPetite

COMING SOON
SPRING SUMMER 2019
WOMENSWEAR 5’3” & UNDER

As mentioned in the People section, one of the popular social media

channels that a Zara consumer use frequently is Instagram. We will be
using Instagram to showcase our products and for announcements.
We want to maintain our brand aesthetic and portray a sense of
luxury similiar to designer brands so that consumers get a feel of
sophistication and class that is commercial and relevant to them.

85
 We had recently released an app available to download for consumers
to use in our stores worldwide. Our aim is also to continuously improve
how we use technology and how we can integrate that to fill gaps in
the market. We have taken the first steps to adapt to millenials needs
and lifestyle, and therefore we will do the same with the petite market.

86
AUGMENTED
REALITY

87
ZARA PETITE
BRANDING

• Subtle and minimalistic

• True to Zara’s current brand aesthetic and DNA
• Inclusive with current branding
• Small engraved gold foiling for a touch
(highlight)
sophistication, style and quality appealing to
both young and older customers
• Feminine but not stereotypically feminine, with
a gender neutral touch

88
 ZARA PETITE_
WOMEN_
OUTERWEAR_

ZARA PETITE
TRAFALUC
S/S2019

PETITE
WOMAN
BASIC
COLLECTION

89
 ZARA PETITE, A UNIQUE
FASHION RANGE THAT
CONTINUES TO INNOVATE
AND PUT CUSTOMERS
AT THE HEART OF ZARA’S
UNIQUE BUSINESS MODEL.
THE COLLECTIONS CATER
TO CUSTOMERS 5’3” AND
UNDER AND FOCUS ON
TREND-LED DESIGNS,
QUALITY MATERIALS
AND AFFORDABLE PRICE
POINTS.

PREMIUM COLLECTION
BY ZARA PETITE

Petite rack: Regular:

PETITE

As seen in Zara stores, they have tall cuboid shaped

display racks that display a outfit from head to toe to
make the shopping experience easier for consumers.
An idea that we have is to have one cuboid of a outfit
with regular sizing. Then a cuboid rack next to it with the
same outfit but for petite women. On top of the cuboid
(As seen in the diagram above) will have the word ‘Petite’
engraved, along with the hangers. The engravement will
look similiar to the image above the diagram.

90
 PETITE

Petite hangers can also share the same rack with the regular
clothing sizes to save shelf space. This is to integrate petites
with regular sizing to create inclusivity and allow petite wom-
en to shop with their friends who aren’t petite. Participants
from the focus group all agreed that they wanted a shop-
ping experience that would not make them feel secluded and
embarrassed. Sharing the same rack with different labels on
both swing tags and the hanger to differentiate regular from
petite is a solution that will save us loss of sales and space,
as well as encourage more foot traffic.

91
 Like Apple, we invest a large amount into stores and the
geographical locations of where our stores will be. It is essential
that all stores are located in busy and iconic places that will
encourage word of mouth and foot traffic. This is our main
source of marketing and promotion. Instead of investing more
into promotional materials and adverts, our stores are our
permanent and long-term promotion.

This is why Zara has a strong reputation and is well known

because the stores are often seen on the streets. We ensure
that the architecture and window displays have great influence
and invite customers in. We would use the window display
to promote the petite range as well with minimal text and
accompanying outfits.

92
93
94
7_PERSUASION
 WHAT IS
THE BRAND
STORY?

PETITE

Zara Petite, a unique fashion range that continues to

innovate and put customers at the heart of Zara’s unique
business model. The collections cater to customers
5’3” and under and focus on trend-led designs, quality
materials and affordable price points.

Our mission statement above is a extension of our current brand

manifesto. We want to ensure our customers that the petite
range is different and better from what is currently available. Our
proposed plan is to extend Zara into having a permanent petite
range for women 5’3” and under. What will make us different
from our competitors is that this new brand extension will feature
unique designs, frequently updated new trend-led items (what we
do already) and improved sizing to show that we care about our
consumers. The two ranges that we’ve shown earlier is an example
of the many mini trends we will bring into one season. This is to
keep our consumers on their toes and to frequently entice them
into visiting our stores/online website to see what is new. With
our new technology of augmented reality app, we are also able to
help consumers to see how our clothes fit and move within our
store space without using mannequins in order to make our space
utilisation more efficient and maximise direct profit profitability.
Because we, Zara, is an international brand with over 2,000 stores
worldwide. We are also ranked #51 on the Forbe’s Most Valuable
Brands. Furthermore, as of May 2017 we have a net value of $11.3
billion. We will use our own funds to finally reach out to consumers
and fill that gap in the market. In the next section we will detail our
business plan that illustrates more detail into how our business will
fund this proposal, financial evaluations and essential top line table
figures.

95
ANSOFF MATRIX
EXISTING PRODUCTS NEW PRODUCTS

Market Penetration Product Development

• Continue utilising anonymous models rather • Improve sizing and size guides/sizing tools for
than marketing with celebrities as it will focus consumers
EXISTING MARKETS

more on style and individualism than • Introduce a petite range for the more shorter
endorsements consumer who cannot fit in Zara’s clothing due
• Ensure architecture of stores are to sizing, length and style issues
visually appealing and inviting • Expand the sizing range to fit larger consumers
• Weekly updates of window displays with well • Expand to unisex clothing, would have to give
curated outfits up Zara store space for gender neutral clothing
• Launch more exclusive promotions via email •
newsletters such as 10% discount for students,
or 20% off outerwear, etc
• Integrate more technology into retail space e.g.
artifical intelligence, touch screen, automated
customer service/collection points
• Introducing loyalt schemes

Market Development Diversification

• Open more Zara stores, especially in smaller • Create a maternity brand

cities and towns • Stationary
• Further expand into South East Asian markets • Travel focused line on suitcases, backpacks,
(Having recently opened stores in Vietnam) etc
NEW MARKETS

• Cosmetics/beauty

We have attempted to use the Ansoff Matrix to brainstorm determine Zara’s product and market growth
strategies. Based on this matrix, we can either continue to grow within our existing market, or develop new
products or both. In existing markets, we have just launched an app utilising augmented reality to further increase
growth in our current market with our products. In 2015, we added a net of 65 new stores (Forbes, 2017) and
introduced stores in new markets such as Vietnam, which also has the average female height of 5’0” (Average
Height, 2018). When exploring the diversification aspect of the ansoff matrix... maternity, stationary, cosmetics/
beauty already have a competitive or established market. Whereas starting a petite range would allow us to be
more leading because of more demand and small number of competitors.

96
97
98
ZARA PETITE
Business Planning

99
 BUSINESS PLAN
The Business Plan essentially conveys Zara Petite’s financial picture. It includes
information of the five W’s (Who, What, Where, When and Why) of Zara Petite’s
business plan, the funding strategy, and evaluation of the financial challenges that
Zara could possibly encounter. Within this business plan you will also find a top
line table detailing key costs, projected sales, revenue and margins. Information
on how Zara Petite will come to life financially and its commercial viability will be
explored in this section.

100
101
FUNDING & FINANCIAL CHALLENGES

Brand/Net Value
$11.3 billion (As of May 2017)

Sales
$17.2 billion (As of May 2017)

As of March 2018, sales rose 9%

to 25.34 billion euros in the fiscal years, with
revenue for online sales growing by 41%
(The Associated Press, 2018)

Net Profit
Net profit for the 12 months
ending Jan. 31, 2017 rose to
3.37 billion euros ($4.11bn)
from 3.16 billion euros
a year earlier (The Associated Press, 2018)

Because we are already established and generally well performing

brand with a net worth/brand value of $11.3 billion (Forbes, 2017).
Sales are generated on their own because of our worldwide reputation
and awareness among consumers. They invest heavily in store
locations to ensure that stores are recognized within centralised and
popular locations. This increases footfall and word of mouth about
the brand. It certainly impresses consumers by ensuring that we have
appealing visual merchandising and architecture. With this petite
brand extension, Zara’s generation of sales will kickstart the funding
as well as subtle marketing on social media and window displays.

One of our most challenging obstacles in regards to this new business

opportunity is stock and shelf space for the incomming petite range,
as it can serve at a large cost. How much shelf space are Zara willing
to give up for the petite collection? And how much of that will affect
sales at launch? We cannot fully guarantee that sales will maximise
nor reach our intake margin benchmark because of our brand value
(subtle marketing). This makes it challenging as we generally do
extremely well in sales and short lived products with a high turnover
of stock. Perhaps that won’t be maximised with the introduction of
the petite range at launch.

102
 TOP LINE TABLE
SELLING SELLING END
START
PERIOD PERIOD OF
POINT
1 2 SEASON

Investment
Funding €8,500,000.0 €63,500.0 €63,500.0 €8,500,000.0
Total

Expenditure €8,105,819.0 €63,500.0 €63,500.0 €8,100,00.00

Revenue
Forecast € 0.00 €13,485,119.7 €17,530,655.6 €31,015,775.3

Average
67.9% 67.9% 69.90% 71.9%
Margin

Profit
Forecast €394,181.0 €13,485,119.7 €17,530,655.61 €31,015,775.31

This business top line table is structured by selling period instead of in months to years forecast. This is because
of our unique business model. We work with quick turnover and short selling periods for each of our products.
Therefore, we do not function like the traditional method. Most brands usually plan to sell their products for a
whole season with one trend influencing the whole season. We however aim to adapt quickly to market changes
and execute so with quick lead times and limited quantities.This table works with selling periods that consists of
six weeks. For our first selling period, the Refined Opulence range will be launched and in the second selling period
we will launch our second range, Concrete Jungle.

At starting point the investment funding total was €8.5 million, the far majority of this investment (€8.105 million)
is allocated towards buy costs for all clothing for both selling period one and selling period two. Therefore, for
both selling period one and selling period two a total of only €63,500 is required, this investment includes funding
for salary and marketing. Selling period one and selling period two both have the same revenue forecast and
profit forecast, this is because the total buy cost for all clothing is not taken into account as this was part of the
investment funding for the starting point. In adition, the €63.5 thousand seen in selling period one and selling
period two is deducted from the initial start point investment and therefore is not from revenue during selling
period one and selling period two. Average margin is calculated from all data presented in the range plans.

The initial investment required for end of season is once again €8.5 million of the profits are reinvested into future
ranges.

Finally, the data above shows that these new ranges are sustainable by being highly profitable. The initial start
point investment of 8,5m, after selling period one and selling period 2, is estimated to turn into over 31m in profit,
over 250% increase ROI. 103
104
ZARA PETITE
Summary

105
 NEXT STEPS
The next steps that we would take to launch Zara Petite are preparing and
hiring staff. Putting together a buying and design team targeted towards
making the petite range come to life for six months prior to launch in the
headquarters (Spain). This also includes the team of staff to travel and build
relationships with existing/new suppliers and manufacturers. As well as
learning the ropes of the business model and retail networks. Once the design
and buying team have put together a petite range, we will market the products
for online editorial campaigns and online merchandising for the website. We
will also make announcements via social media and newsletters prior to
launch to build excitement within our target market so that they have a launch
date to look forward to (Similiar to brand and designer collaborations).

106
107
108
ZARA PETITE
SWOT Analysis

109
110
 Strengths
• Boost reputation for catering
towards shorter women and
considering height in general
• Average height for women is
5’3 around the world (which is
considered petite by many brands)
will therefore maximise sales by
demand
• Can reduce products going to
waste/into sale
• Improve customer relationships
• Inclusive, competitors such as
ASOS and Topshop sometimes
will only have exclusive items to
petites and not for regular (and
vice versa) which can make
consumers feel left out or feel
insignificant
SWOT ANALYSIS
Opportunities
• Can utilise the extension towards
a innovative marketing strategy
• Show the public that Zara ares
about society/social issues as
well besides just technology/
sustainability
• Opportunity to utilise technology
creatively in terms of sizing and
service (As already completed by
Augmented Reality app)
• Improved customer service by
imposing better size guides and
tools
• Recruit unique and empowering
women to become ambassadors
for an issue that isn’t commonly
discussed - become the leader of
the pack
• Encourage styling and outfits
tips for petite women (currently
seems non-existant) as other
popular high street brands/
influencers don’t do this
Weaknesses
• Still may be struggles in getting
the size guide right at first
• Figuring out the size grading
• Limit towards considering the
designs, as they should also be
proportionate towards shorter
women
• May be backlash as other
communities may feel excluded,
e.g. plus-size, tall, maternity, etc
• Not as hyped up as it should be
• Disorganisation of stock in-store
and online
• Confusion between petites and
regular - what the differences are
and the benefits of petite
• Ensuring that the petite section
isn’t too isolated
Threats
• Critcism for exclusion to other
issues such as plus-size
• Confusion between height and
skinny/curve.
• People may believe that Zara are
promoting a smaller size and
encouraging issues such as
anorexia and body shaming,
promoting unhealthy ideals
• Sizing may not meet consumer
expectations
111
112
ZARA PETITE
Bibliography &
List of Images

113
114
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
WORKS CITED

Begum, T., 2018. Zara Has Replaced Mannequins With Augmented Reality To Try To Change The Way We
Shop. HuffPost UK. Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/zara-augmented-reality-mannequins_
uk_5ad5bcf3e4b0edca2cbd9542 [Accessed 05/2018].

Budds, D., 2016. The Secret Behind Zara’s Warp-Speed Fashion: Its Store Managers. Co.Design. Available
at: https://www.fastcodesign.com/3066272/the-secret-behind-zaras-warp-speed-fashion-its-store-managers
[Accessed -04/2018].

Bonioni, J., 2017. Business case : Purchasing strategy of Zara. Innovation & creativity at Tesla. Available at:
http://jeremybonioni.strikingly.com/blog/business-case-purchasing-strategy-of-zara [Accessed 05/2018].

Samuels, R., 2016. America is getting shorter, compared to the rest of the world. VICE News. Available
at: https://news.vice.com/article/america-is-getting-shorter-compared-to-the-rest-of-the-world [Accessed 05/
2018].

Smith, K., 2016. Zara vs H&M. EDITED compares the apparel retailers’ strategies. EDITED. Available at:
https://edited.com/blog/2014/04/zara-vs-hm-whos-in-the-global-lead/ [Accessed 05/2018].

Harbott, A., 2011. Analysing Zara’s business model – Digital CIO. Digital CIO. Available at: https://harbott.
com/analysing-zaras-business-model-6ee755699a70 [Accessed 05/2018].

Height, A.H.|.A., 2016. Average Female Height by Country. AverageHeight.co. Available at: http://www.
averageheight.co/average-female-height-by-country [Accessed 10/2017].

The Associated Press, 2018. Zara owner Inditex sees profits rise as online sales grow. WTOP. Available at:
https://wtop.com/consumer-news/2018/03/zara-owner-inditex-reports-7-pct-rise-in-full-year-profit/ [Accessed
05/2018].

2010. Statistics reveal Britain’s ‘Mr and Mrs Average’. BBC News. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/
uk-11534042 [Accessed 10/2017].

Winter, M., Zara Customer Profile. Issuu. Available at: https://issuu.com/mollywinter/docs/zara

[Accessed 04/2018].

Zara. Inditex. Available at: https://www.inditex.com/about-us/our-brands/zara [Accessed 04/2018].

2017. Zara on the Forbes World’s Most Valuable Brands List. Forbes. Available at: https://www.forbes.
com/companies/zara/ [Accessed 05/2018].

115
116
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
LIST OF IMAGES

Pg 1-18 Zara.com, ZARA United Kingdom | New Collection Online. JOIN

LIFE | ZARA United States. Available at: https://www.zara.com/uk/ [Ac-
cessed 04/2018].

Pg 19 Griscti, C., Fancy Flying To New York Or LA For £130? Sheerluxe.

Available at: https://sheerluxe.com/2017/09/04/fancy-flying-new-york-
or-la-£130 [Accessed 08/2017].

Heier, E., 2017. OUTDOOR ESSENTIALS. ELISABETH HEIER.

Available at: https://elisabethheier.no/outdoor-essentials/ [Accessed 04/
2018].

Leeuwen, L.van, 2017. Lifestyle. Pinterest. Available at: https://

www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/45176802492913890/ [Accessed 04/2018].

Anon, elsa hosk on Instagram: “With My romes @romeestri-

jd @fwrd #FWRDtravels @grlfrnd_denim #myGRLFRND”. Instagram.
Available at: https://www.instagram.com/p/BZre3-hgrkB/?hl=en&tak-
en-by=hoskelsa [Accessed 08/2018].

Florhalmist, 2016. florhalmist - Beyonce. Tumblr. Available at:

http://florhalmist.tumblr.com/post/147906705724/f-l-o-r-h-a-l-m-i-s-t
[Accessed May 15, 2018].

Pg 20-22 Zara.com, ZARA United Kingdom | New Collection Online. JOIN

LIFE | ZARA United States. Available at: https://www.zara.com/uk/ [Ac-
cessed 04/2018].

Lifestyle. Pinterest. Available at: https://www.pinterest.co.uk/Lin-

nvanLeeuwen/lifestyle/ [Accessed 03/2018].

Pg 25, 54, 57, 58, 60 Zara.com, ZARA United Kingdom | New Collection Online. JOIN
LIFE | ZARA United States. Available at: https://www.zara.com/uk/ [Ac-
cessed 04/2018].

ZARA · (zaraofficial). Pinterest. Available at: https://www.pinter-

est.co.uk/zaraofficial/pins/ [Accessed 03/2018].

Pg 61-65 PETITE Glitter Striped Track Pants. topshop.com. Available at:

http://www.topshop.com/en/tsuk/product/clothing-427/petite-455/
petite-glitter-striped-track-pants-7658082?bi=40&ps=20 [Accessed
04/2018].

PETITE Embroidered Bronze Cowl Bodycon Dress. topshop.

com. Available at: http://www.topshop.com/en/tsuk/product/cloth-
ing-427/dresses-442/petite-embroidered-bronze-cowl-bodycon-dress-
7663818?bi=0&ps=20 [Accessed 04/2018].

PETITE Polka Dot Flares. topshop.com. Available at: http://www.

topshop.com/en/tsuk/product/clothing-427/petite-455/petite-polka-
dot-flares-7678127?bi=0&ps=20 [Accessed 04/2018].

PETITE Boobtube Top. topshop.com. Available at:

h t t p : / / w w w. t o p s h o p . c o m / e n / t s u k / p r o d u c t / p e t i t e - b o o b -
tube-top-7652706?bi=0&ps=20&Ntt=petite boobtube [Accessed 04/
2018].
117
118
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
LIST OF IMAGES

Pg 61-65 ASOS DESIGN Petite t-shirt maxi dress with embroidered

rose at asos.com. ASOS. Available at: http://www.asos.com/asos-pe-
tite/asos-design-petite-t-shirt-maxi-dress-with-embroidered-
rose/prd/9576140?clr=pink&SearchQuery=asos petite maxi&grid-
column=4&gridrow=15&gridsize=4&pge=1&pgesize=72&totalstyles=86
[Accessed 04/2018].

ASOS DESIGN Petite Rain Jacket With Contrast Binding at asos.

com. ASOS. Available at: http://www.asos.com/asos-petite/asos-design-
petite-rain-jacket-with-contrast-binding/prd/9264290?clr=pink&Search-
Query=&cid=4177&gridcolumn=1&gridrow=4&gridsize=4&pge=1&pge-
size=72&totalstyles=1423 [Accessed 04/2018].

ASOS DESIGN Petite cold shoulder floral print prom dress at

asos.com. ASOS. Available at: http://www.asos.com/asos-petite/asos-
design-petite-cold-shoulder-floral-print-prom-dress/prd/9509490?-
clr=multi&SearchQuery=&cid=4177&gridcolumn=4&gridrow=8&grid-
size=4&pge=1&pgesize=72&totalstyles=510 [Accessed 04/2018].

Boohoo Petite Frill Hem Stripe Bardot Top at asos.com. ASOS.

Available at: http://www.asos.com/boohoo-petite/boohoo-petite-frill-
hem-stripe-bardot-top/prd/9912670?clr=red&SearchQuery=petite
bardot&gridcolumn=4&gridrow=3&gridsize=4&pge=1&pgesize=72&-
totalstyles=106 [Accessed 04/2018].

Pg 66 Zara.com, READY FOR A BREAK-WOMAN-STORIES | ZARA Unit-

ed Kingdom. JOIN LIFE | ZARA United States. Available at: https://www.
zara.com/uk/en/woman-editorial-7-l1462.html?v1=943006 [Accessed
05/2018].

Pg 68 Hughes, N., 2013. Oracle Retail Week Awards: Fashion giant Zara
powers ahead globally. Retail Week | News, insight, video and data. Avail-
able at: https://www.retail-week.com/home/oracle-retail-week-awards-
fashion-giant-zara-powers-ahead-globally/5047269.article?authent=1
[Accessed 02/2018].

Pg 72-75 ZARA · (zaraofficial). Pinterest. Available at: https://www.pinter-

est.co.uk/zaraofficial/pins/ [Accessed 03/2018].

Whatsophiedoes, 2014. Email design. Pinterest. Available at:

https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/440508407274057579/ [Accessed
04/2018].

Corbett, G., 2013. GM Packaging. Pinterest. Available at: https://

www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/28499410115209739/ [Accessed May 16,
2018].

Zara.com, ZARA United Kingdom | New Collection Online. JOIN

LIFE | ZARA United States. Available at: https://www.zara.com/uk/ [Ac-
cessed 04/2018].

Pg 76-89 Photographs by Gea Wongsida, 16 and 24 March, 2018. https://

www.geawongsida.co.uk/

119
120
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
LIST OF IMAGES

Pg 90-91 ZARA · (zaraofficial). Pinterest. Available at: https://www.pinter-

est.co.uk/zaraofficial/pins/ [Accessed 03/2018].

Cosco, A., 2018. Testing out ZARA’s Augmented Reality Expe-

rience. Electric Runway. Available at: https://electricrunway.com/test-
ing-out-zaras-augmented-reality-experience/ [Accessed 05/2018].

Pg 92 Yakimova, E., 2017. GRAPH. Pinterest. Available at: https://www.

pinterest.co.uk/pin/341710690468194038/ [Accessed May 16, 2018].

Behance, Fashion Labels. Behance. Available at: https://www.be-

hance.net/gallery/11141573/Fashion-Labels [Accessed 05/2018].

Pg 96-97 Neumann, J., 2017. How Zara Is Defying a Broad Retail Slump.
The Wall Street Journal. Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-
zara-is-defying-a-broad-retail-slump-1497467742 [Accessed 05/2018].

Things, T., 2018. The marketing and advertising strategy of Zara

| Telling Advertising. Telling | Agencia de publicidad en Barcelona. Avail-
able at: https://en.agenciatelling.com/marketing-and-advertising-strate-
gy-of-zara/ [Accessed 08/2018].

Pg 98-121 Zara.com, ZARA United Kingdom | New Collection Online. JOIN

LIFE | ZARA United States. Available at: https://www.zara.com/uk/ [Ac-
cessed 04/2018].

Zara.com, CALIFORNIA RUSH-TRF-STORIES | ZARA United

Kingdom. JOIN LIFE | ZARA United States. Available at: https://www.zara.
com/uk/en/trf-editorial-4-l1488.html?v1=940511 [Accessed 05/ 2018].

121
PETITE