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PARTS OF SPEECH
In today’s grammar, it usually begins with a definition of the parts of speech. It defines nouns
as names of words; pronouns as substitutes of nouns; adjectives as words modifying nouns and
pronouns; verbs as action words; adverbs as words modifying verbs; adjectives and adverbs;
conjunctions as connecting words; prepositions as words showing relationship between a noun or
pronoun with another word in the sentence; and interjections as words or phrases used as
exclamations without grammatical connection.
1. NOUNS
Finding Nouns. Here is a paragraph composed of 10 sentences for you to find the 25 nouns by
underlining it. Find out its title.
A. Determiners – are expressions whose grammatical function is to signal that a noun follows.
Some of them are called articles (a, an, the), demonstratives (this, these, that, those),
possessive pronouns (her, his, their), indefinite pronouns (few, many, several), numerical
adjectives (nine, second, five) and limiting adjectives (many, much, all).
Examples:
C. Derivational Suffixes
1. Addition of er or or to verb roots as in:
teach-teacher translate-translator
2. Addition of ment to verb roots as in:
develop-development agree-agreement
3. Addition of al to verb roots as in:
arrive-arrival remove-removal
4. Addition of ness to an adjective as in:
neat-neatness complete-completeness
5. Addition of tion or ation to verb roots as in:
apply- application examine-examination
6. Addition of age to verb roots as in:
bond-bondage use-usage
ORAL EXERCISES
B. Change the following words to function nouns in your sentence or short paragraph.
1. accept 9. endorse 17. industrious 25. act
2. observe 10. happy 18. prosper 26. announce
3. renew 11. speak 19. superior 27. collect
4. employ 12. punctual 20. inform 28. report
5. assist 13. honest 21. drive 29. tell
6. participate 14. truthful 22. farm 30. produce
7. refer 15. enroll 23. swim 31. assign
8. propose 16. optimistic 24. sing 32. communicate
Cases of Nouns. Case is that quality of a noun which shows its relation to some other word or
words in the sentence.
EXCERCISES
Determine the nominative uses of the underlined nouns in each sentence.
1. Come with me, Edward.
2. God is our Heavenly Father.
3. Miss Quin, the guardian of the children is ill.
4. The happy boy! I rejoice with him.
5. Prayer! It is a ladder that reaches to God.
6. Are you hurt, my child?
Examples:
1. Saint Joseph’s workshop was in Nazareth.
2. Mary’s days were full of merit.
Note: Add ‘ only if the proper name is followed by a word beginning with s.
Example:
James sled – James’ sled
EXERCISES
Write the Possessive Singular and the Possessive Plural forms of the following nouns:
1. buy 9. order
2. receive 10. remit
3. drink 11. report
4. pay 12. submit
5. bring 13. clean
6. teach 14. sweep
7. write 15. cook
8. organize 16. feed
2. Indirect Object – which tells to whom or for whom the action is done.
Examples:
1. Saint Joseph, taught the child the carpenter’s trade.
2. He pointed to Jupiter the largest planet.
3. Michael tell his brother an interesting story.
Verbs which may take both direct and indirect objects are:
1. assign 6. send
2. forgive 7. tell
3. get 8. sell
4. promise 9. show
5. give 10. sing
Sentences: