PLANNING FOR EMERGENCIES an alarm system - must be in place to notify
Workplace Emergency
is an unforeseen situation that threatens
your employees, customers, or the public; disrupts
or shuts down your operation or cause physical or
environment damage.
Emergencies may be natural or man-made and
include the following:
 Floods
 Hurricanes
 Earthquakes
 Fire
 Toxic gas releases
 Chemical spills
 Radiological accident
 Explosion
 Civil disturbances, and
 Workplace violence resulting in bodily
harmed trauma
Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
The purpose of an EAP is to facilitate and
organize employer and employee actions during
workplace emergencies.
1. Minimum Requirements
At a minimum, the plan must include but is not
limited to the following elements:
 Means of reporting fires and other
emergencies
 Evacuation procedures and emergency
escape route assignments
 Procedures for employees who remain to
operate critical plant operations before they
evacuate
 Accounting for all employees after an
emergency evacuation has been completed
 Rescue and Medical Duties
A. Means of reporting fires and other
emergencies
Employees must know how to report
emergencies. It is important for employees to
also notify the proper authorities such as fire,
medical, or rescue services, if your company
relies on this type of assistance during an
emergency.
a. Reporting Emergencies
Once an emergency that requires a response
from employees is reported, a system - typically
employees.
b. Types of Alarm
1. Audible Alarms
2. Visual Alarms
1. Audible Alarms:
 Bells
 Horns
 Sirens
 Workplace Announcement System
2. Visual Alarms:
Visual alarms use steady, flashing, or
strobe lights to alert workers to an emergency
situation in areas where noise levels are high,
especially where ear protection must be worn
and audible signals may not be heard or may be
misunderstood.
Types of Visual Alarms:
 Flashing/Steady Lights
 Strobe Lights
2. Evacuation Procedures and Emergency Escape
Route Assignments
Evacuation policies, procedures, and escape
route assignments are put into place so that
employees understand who is authorized to order an
evacuation, under what conditions an evacuation
would be necessary, how to evacuate, and what
routes to take.
a. Conditions under which an evacuation would
be necessary.
Employers will want their employees to
respond differently to these different threats. Your
plan must identify when and how employees are to
respond to different types of emergencies.
b. Routes and Exit (EVACUATION PLANS AND
EXITS)
Learn about elements of a good emergency
evacuation floor plan by moving your mouse over
the items listed below.
 Designate primary & secondary exits
 No emergency exits in restrooms
 Exit away from rooms with hazardous
materials
 No emergency exits into narrow passages
 Exit signs indicating the nearest emergency
exit
 Designate an assembly area
 No use of elevators to reach an emergency
exit
  Indicate exits with wheelchair access
 Indicate the employee's current location
c. Assisting Visitors and Employees to Evacuate
Wardens may be responsible for checking
offices, bathrooms, and other spaces before being
the last person to exit an area.
C. Procedures for Employees Who Remain To
Operate Critical Plant Operations Before They
Evacuate
Employees may be required to operate fire
extinguishers or shut down gas and/or electrical
systems and other special equipment that could be
damaged if left operating or create additional
hazards to emergency responders (such as releasing
hazardous materials).
D. Accounting for All Employees after an
Emergency Evacuation has been Completed
To ensure the fastest, most accurate
accountability of your employees, you may want to
consider including these steps in our emergency
action plan:
 Designate assembly areas or areas, both
inside and outside your workplace, where
employees should gather after evacuating.
 Take a head count after the evacuation.
Accounting for all employees following an
evacuation is critical.
 Establish a method for accounting for non-
employees such as suppliers and customers.
 Establish procedures for further evacuation
in case the incident expands.
E. Rescue and Medical Duties
 National Disaster and Risk Reduction and
Management Council (NDRRMC)
(02) 911-1406, (02) 912-2665
 Red Cross hotline
143, (02) 527-0000, (02) 527-8385 to 95
 DSWD
(02) 951-7119
Disaster Response Unit: (632)931-81-01 to 07,
local 426
2. Develop and Implement an EAP
A. Development of an Emergency Action
Plan
It is essential that the emergency action plan
developed be site specific with respect to emergency
conditions evaluated, evacuation policies and
procedures, emergency reporting mechanisms, and
alarm systems.
B. Authority
It is common practice to select a responsible
individual to lead and coordinate your emergency
plan and evacuation. In other instances, local
emergency officials, such as the local fire
department, may order you to evacuate your
premises.
C. Employee Training And Plan Review
General training for your employees should
also address the following:
 Individual roles and responsibilities.
 Threats, hazards, and protective actions.
 Notification, warning, and communications
procedures.
 Means for locating family members in an
emergency.
 First Aid Kit
 Emergency response procedures.
 Evacuation, shelter, and accountability
procedures.
 Location and use of common emergency
equipment.
 Emergency shutdown procedures.
D. Plan Review, Coordination, and Update
It is a good idea to hold practice evacuation
drills. Evacuation drills permit employees to become
familiar with the emergency procedures, their egress
routes, and assembly locations, so that if an actual
emergency should occur, they will respond properly.
Earthquake Preparedness and Response
Magnitude and Intensity Comparison
 Magnitude measures the energy released at
the source of the earthquake. Magnitude is
determined from measurements on
seismographs.
 Intensity measures the strength of shaking
produced by the earthquake at a certain
location. Intensity is determined from effects
on people, human structures, and the
natural environment.
Rossi-Forrel Scale of Earthquake
Intensity
 Preparedness
There are many things you can do to prepare
your workplace before an earthquake occurs:

 Pick "safe places

 Practice drop, cover, and hold-on in each
safe place.
 Wait in your safe place until the shaking
stops, then check to see if you are hurt. Move
carefully and watch out for things that have
fallen or broken, creating hazards. Be ready
for aftershocks.
 Be on the lookout for fires.
 If you must leave a building after the shaking
stops, use the stairs, not the elevator, and
look for falling debris.
 If you're outside in an earthquake, stay
outside.

Philippines “The Big One” Preparedness Plan

 Marikina City
West Quadrant Evacuation:
 Manila City  Marikina Boys Town
 Malabon City  Red Cross, Marikina
 Navotas City  Ultra, Pasig
Evacuation:  LRT 2 Santolan Station
 Intramuros Golf Course
North Quadrant
South Quadrant  Quezon City
 Makati City  Caloocan City
 Pasay City  San Juan City
 Taguig City  Mandaluyong City
Evacuation:  Valenzuela City
 Villamor Air Base Golf Course Evacuation:
 Veterans Memorial Medical Center
East Quadrant  UP Diliman Grounds
 Pasig City

Hurricane Preparedness and Response  62-118 KPH

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal
Signal #3
 Typhoon
Signal #1  118-220 KPH
 Tropical Depression
 Up to 61 KPH Signal #4
 Super Typhoon
Signal #2  More than 220 KPH
 Tropical Storm