16.-MÉTODO DOBLE INTEGRACION.

SOLUCION:

# 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 4
# 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 2
𝐺𝐿 = 2
𝑅𝑎 = 𝑅𝑏
𝑀𝑎 = −𝑀𝑏

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑏∗ℎ
𝐴=
(𝑛 + 1)
𝑙 𝑊
𝐴 = ( )( )∗2
2 (𝑛 + 1)
𝑊𝐿
𝐴=
(𝑛 + 1)
Calculo de las reacciones:
𝑊𝐿
Ra + Rb =
(𝑛 + 1)
𝑊𝐿
Ra = Rb
2(𝑛 + 1)
D.C.L. (del lado Izquierdo)
 ∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

(𝑥)(𝑦) (𝑥)
𝑀𝑥 + ∗ + 𝑀𝑎 − 𝑅𝑎(𝑥) = 0
(𝑛 + 1) (𝑛 + 2)
(𝑥 2 )(𝑦)
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑅𝑎(𝑥) − (𝑛+1)(𝑛+2) − 𝑀𝑎………………………(A)

Formula:
𝑑2 𝑦
𝐸𝐼 =𝑀
𝑑𝑥 2

Reemplazamos la ecuación (A) en la fórmula:

𝑑2 𝑦 (𝑥 2 )(𝑦)
𝐸𝐼 = 𝑅𝑎(𝑥) − − 𝑀𝑎
𝑑𝑥 2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
Integramos:

𝑑2 𝑦 (𝑥 2 )(𝑦)
∫ 𝐸𝐼 = ∫ 𝑅𝑎(𝑥) − − 𝑀𝑎
𝑑𝑥 2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
𝑑2 𝑦 (𝑥 𝑛+2 )(𝑘)
∫ 𝐸𝐼 = ∫ 𝑅𝑎(𝑥) − − 𝑀𝑎
𝑑𝑥 2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
Obtenemos la ecuación de la pendiente:

𝑅𝑎(𝑥 3 ) (𝑥 𝑛+4 )(𝑘) 𝑀𝑎(𝑥 2 )

𝐸𝐼𝛿 = − −
6 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 2
Nuevamente integramos:

𝑅𝑎(𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 𝑛+3 )(𝑘)

∫ 𝐸𝐼𝜃 = ∫ − − 𝑀𝑎(𝑥)
2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)
Obtenemos la ecuación de la deflexión:

𝑅𝑎(𝑥 3 ) (𝑥 𝑛+4 )(𝑘) 𝑀𝑎(𝑥 2 )

𝐸𝐼𝛿 = − −
6 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 2
CONDICIONES DE APOYO O FRONTERA:

𝑥=0 𝜃=0 → 𝐶1 = 0
𝑥=0 𝛿=0 → 𝐶2 = 0
𝑙
𝑥= ; 𝜃=0
2
Reemplazamos en la ecuación:

𝑅𝑎(𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 𝑛 )(𝑥 3 ) 𝑦
𝐸𝐼𝜃 = − ∗ 𝑛 − 𝑀𝑎(𝑥)
2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) 𝑥

𝑅𝑎 𝑙 2 𝑙 3 𝑤 𝑙
0= ( ) −( ) ( ) − 𝑀𝑎 ( )
2 2 2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) 2

𝑤𝑙 𝑙 2 𝑙 3 𝑤 𝑀𝑎 𝑙
( ) −( ) ( )=
4(𝑛 + 1) 2 2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) 2
𝑤𝑙 2 𝑤𝑙 3 𝑀𝑎 𝑙
− =
16(𝑛 + 1) 8(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) 2

𝑤𝑙 2 𝑤𝑙 2
− = 𝑀𝑎
8(𝑛 + 1) 4(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)
𝑤𝑙 2 𝑙 1
𝑀𝑎 = ( − )
4(𝑛 + 1) 2 (𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)
𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) − 2
𝑀𝑎 = ( )
4(𝑛 + 1) 2(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)

𝑤𝑙 2 𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 2𝑛 − 6 − 2
𝑀𝑎 = ( )
4(𝑛 + 1) 2(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)

𝑤𝑙 2 𝑛2 + 5𝑛 + 4
𝑀𝑎 = ( )
4(𝑛 + 1) 2(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)

𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 4)(𝑛 + 1)
𝑀𝑎 = ( )
4(𝑛 + 1) 2(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)

𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 4)
𝑀𝑎 =
8(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)
Calculo de la deflexión en el centro de la luz de la viga:

𝑅𝑎(𝑥 3 ) (𝑥 𝑛+4 )(𝑘) 𝑀𝑎(𝑥 2 )

𝐸𝐼𝛿 = − −
6 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 2
𝑤𝑙 𝑥3 (𝑥 𝑛 )(𝑥 4 ) 𝑦 𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 4) 𝑥2
𝐸𝐼𝛿 = ( )− ∗ 𝑛− ∗
2(𝑛 + 1) 6 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 𝑥 8(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) 2

𝑤𝑙𝑥 3 (𝑥 4 ) ∗ 𝑦 𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 4) 𝑥2
𝐸𝐼𝛿 = − − ∗
12(𝑛 + 1) (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 8(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) 2
Cuando:
𝑙
𝑥=2 𝛿𝑐𝑙 = 0

𝑤𝑙 𝑙 3 𝑤 𝑙 4 𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 4) 𝑙 2
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = ( ) − ∗( ) − ∗( )
12(𝑛 + 1) 2 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 2 16(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3) 2
𝑤𝑙 4 𝑤𝑙 4 𝑤𝑙 4 (𝑛 + 4)
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = − −
96(𝑛 + 1) 16(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 64(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)
 𝑤𝑙 4 1 1 (𝑛 + 4)
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = ( − − )
16(𝑛 + 1) 6(𝑛 + 1) (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) 4(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)

𝑤𝑙 4 (2𝑛 + 4)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4) − 18 − (3𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)2

𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = ( )
16 12(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)
𝑤𝑙 4 (2𝑛2 + 6𝑛 + 4𝑛 + 12)(𝑛 + 4) − 12 − (3𝑛3 + 24𝑛2 + 48𝑛 + 3𝑛2 + 24𝑛 + 48)
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = ( )
16 12(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)

𝑤𝑙 4 (2𝑛3 + 8𝑛2 + 10𝑛2 + 40𝑛 + 12𝑛 + 08 − 12 − 3𝑛3 − 24𝑛2 − 48𝑛 − 3𝑛 − 24𝑛 − 48)
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = ( )
16 12(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)

𝑤𝑙 4 𝑛3 + 9𝑛2 + 20𝑛 + 12
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = − ( )
16 12(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)

𝑤𝑙 4 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 6)
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = − ( )
16 12(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)
𝑤𝑙 4 (𝑛 + 6)
𝐸𝐼𝑐𝑙 = −
192(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)

17.-MÉTODO ÁREA DE MOMENTOS.

SOLUCION:

# 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 4
# 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 2
𝐺𝐿 = 2
𝑅𝑎 ≠ 𝑅𝑏
𝑀𝑎 = 𝑀𝑏
Fórmula para hallar el área y el brazo:
𝑏∗ℎ
𝐴=
(𝑛 + 1)
𝑏
𝑋=
(𝑛 + 2)
 𝑏(𝑛 + 1)
𝑌=
(𝑛 + 2)

𝑙
2 ∗ 𝑤 = ( 𝑙𝑤 ) ∗ 2
(𝑛 + 1) 2(𝑛 + 1)
𝑙𝑤
=
(𝑛 + 1)

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑙𝑤
Ra + Rb =
(𝑛 + 1)
𝑤𝑙
Ra = Rb =
2(𝑛 + 1)
Corte X-X

Para Ra:

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀𝑥 = 𝑅𝑎(𝑥)
𝑥 = 0; 𝑀𝑎 = 0
𝑥 = 𝑙; 𝑀𝑏 = 𝑅𝑎(𝑙)
AREA Y D.M.F
Para la carga:

∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑥𝑦 𝑥
𝑀𝑥 + ( )( ) = 0
(𝑛 + 1) 2

𝑥2𝑦
𝑀𝑥 = −
2(𝑛 + 1)
𝑥 = 0; 𝑀𝑎 = 0

−𝑙 2 𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑙; 𝑀𝑏 =
2(𝑛 + 1)
D.M.F

Para el momento:
 ∑ 𝑀𝑥 = 0

𝑀𝑥 + 𝑀𝑎 = 0
𝑀𝑥 = −𝑀𝑎
D.M.F

Aplicando teorema 1:
1
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷. 𝑀. 𝐹)𝐴𝐵
𝐸𝐼
𝑙2 𝑦
𝑅𝑎(𝑙)(𝑙) 𝑙 (− 2(𝑛 + 1))
− + 𝑙𝑀𝑎 = 0
2 (𝑛 + 1)
𝑙2 𝑦
𝑅𝑎𝑙2 𝑙 (− )
2(𝑛 + 1)
− + 𝑙𝑀𝑎 = 0
2 (𝑛 + 1)
𝑙2 𝑤
(𝑛 + 1)𝑅𝑎𝑙 2 − 2𝑙 (− )
2(𝑛 + 1)
+ 𝑙𝑀𝑎 = 0
2(𝑛 + 1)
2𝑙 3 𝑤
𝑅𝑎𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 1) − (− )
2(𝑛 + 1)
+ 𝑙𝑀𝑎 = 0
2(𝑛 + 1)
𝑙3 𝑤
𝑅𝑎𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 1) +
(𝑛 + 1)
+ 𝑙𝑀𝑎 = 0
2(𝑛 + 1)
𝑤𝑙 𝑙3 𝑤
∗ 𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 1) + + 𝑙𝑀𝑎 = 0
2(𝑛 + 1) 𝑛+1
(𝑛 + 1)𝑤𝑙 3 + 2𝑙 3
2(𝑛 + 1) (𝑛 + 1)𝑤𝑙 3 + 2𝑤𝑙 3
=
2(𝑛 + 1) 2(𝑛 + 1) + 2(𝑛 + 1)
 𝑤𝑙 3 ((𝑛 + 1) + 2)
𝑙𝑀𝑎 =
4(𝑛 + 1)
𝑤𝑙 3 (𝑛 + 3)
𝑙𝑀𝑎 =
4(𝑛 + 1)
𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 3)
𝑀𝑎 =
4(𝑛 + 1)
𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 4)
𝑀𝑎 =
8(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)
𝑙
Cuando 𝑥 = 2 ; 𝑦 = 𝛿𝑐𝑙

Aplicando teorema II:

1
T𝐵⁄𝐴 = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐷. 𝑀. 𝐹)𝐴𝐵 𝑋𝐵
𝐸𝐼
𝑙2 𝑦
𝑅𝑎(𝑙)(𝑙) 𝑙 𝑙 (− ) 𝑙
2(𝑛 + 1)
( )− ( ) + 𝑙𝑀𝑎 − 𝛿𝑐𝑙 = 0
2 3 (𝑛 + 1) (𝑛 + 2)
𝑙2 𝑤
𝑅𝑎𝑙3 𝑙 2 (− ) 𝑙 2 𝑀𝑎
2(𝑛 + 1)
− + = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
6 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2) 2
𝑙4 𝑤
3
𝑅𝑎𝑙 2(𝑛 + 1) 𝑙 3 𝑀𝑎
− + = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
6 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2) 2
𝑅𝑎𝑙 3 𝑙4 𝑤 𝑙 3 𝑀𝑎
− + = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
6 2(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2) 2
𝑅𝑎𝑙 3 𝑙4 𝑤 𝑙 3 𝑀𝑎
− + = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
6 3(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2) 2
𝑤𝑙
𝑙3 𝑙4 𝑤 𝑙 3 𝑀𝑎
2(𝑛 + 1)
− + = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
6 3(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2) 2
𝑤𝑙 2 (𝑛 + 3)
𝑤𝑙 4
𝑙 𝑤 4 𝑙3
8(𝑛 + 1)
− + = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
12(𝑛 + 1) 3(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2) 2
𝑤𝑙 4 𝑙4 𝑤 2𝑤𝑙 4 (𝑛 + 3)
− − = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
12(𝑛 + 1) 3(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2) 16(𝑛 + 1)
𝑤𝑙 4 16(𝑛 + 1)𝑙 4 𝑤 − (𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
− = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
12(𝑛 + 1) 48(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1)
𝑤𝑙 4 16𝑙 4 𝑤 − 18𝑤𝑙 4 (𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 2)
− = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
12(𝑛 + 1) 48(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1)
 𝑤𝑙 4 2𝑙 4 𝑤 − (8 − 9 (𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 2))
− = 𝛿𝑐𝑙
12(𝑛 + 1) 48(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1)

24𝑤𝑙 4 (𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1) − 12𝑙 4 𝑤(𝑛 + 1)(8 − 9 (𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 2))

= 𝛿𝑐𝑙
288(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)

24𝑤𝑙 4 (𝑛 + 2) − 12𝑙 4 𝑤(𝑛 + 1)(8 − 9 (𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 2))

= 𝛿𝑐𝑙
288(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)