158: Blackbrook Manor, Skenfrith, Monmouthshire. Watching Brief

DOCUMENT NO 299 JULY 2016
A.P.A.C. Ltd.
Archaeological Perspectives Analysis Consultancy
ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF
REPORT
WB/SKN/16
Blackbrook House, Skenfrith
Monmouthshire County Council
Planning Applications: DC/2015/00978 & 00981
Prepared for: Mr & Mrs Oliver Vaughan
By: Mr A.O. Phillips.
Checked by: Dr N. Phillips.

A.P.A.C. Blackbrook House, Skenfrith WB/SKN/16
Summary
This document comprises the report for an Archaeological Watching Brief

undertaken during ground disturbance works necessary for the erection of a single
story extension
Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust (GGAT) advised Monmouthshire County

Council (MCC) that the proposed work at the site could likely impact on
archaeological resources, a condition requiring an archaeological watching brief
was imposed.
The surrounding area itself is known to have been of medieval occupancy.
The property itself “Black brook Manor,” has Listed building status.
The work did not disturb any archaeological resources and was able to confirm
the area excavated had already been extensively disturbed by earlier ground
works.
However, there is a distinct possibility of medieval building remains, relating to an

earlier configuration of Blackbrook Manor.
Copyright Notice:
A.P.A.C. Ltd. retains copyright of this report under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.
The Ordnance Survey has granted A.P.A.C. Ltd a Copyright Licence (No. 100046577) to reproduce map information; Copyright remains
otherwise with the Ordnance Survey.
Cover Photograph: DSC09949. General view, full depth excavated, natural layers, under built up ground.
1
Contents
Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 1
Contents........................................................................................................................................... 2
Figures: ............................................................................................................................................ 2
Plates: .............................................................................................................................................. 3
Appendices ...................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 4
Site Location and Description ......................................................................................................... 4
Brief archaeological and historical background .............................................................................. 5
Aims and Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 6
Watching Brief ................................................................................................................................ 6
Finds ................................................................................................................................................ 8
Interpretation ................................................................................................................................... 9
Staff ............................................................................................................................................... 10
Archive: ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Acknowledgements: ...................................................................................................................... 10
Bibliography and References: ....................................................................................................... 11
Figures:
Fig 01 Site location map.

Fig 02 Footprint plans, 1882,1956, 2015
Fig 03 HER map
Fig 04 Map progressions, a, b, c, d, e, and f
Fig 05 Original window scale and placement, a, b, and c
Fig 06 Window to scale.
Fig 07 Coal chute stones a, b, c and d
2
Plates:
PL 01 Removal of tree line

PL 02 Tree pits, [104] into [105] 400mm red/brown sandy soil under [103]
PL 03 [102] detail, layer cracked paving. Possible internal flooring. 10mm depth.
PL 04 General layer matrix north of site. [101] [103] [105] infills to natural [107] [108]
PL 05 Roughly 800mm deep [107] red sandy silt. Exposed feature [112] top of cut and cover
drystone culvert.
PL 06 Exposed feature, window emerging from [110] courtyard wall. Possibility of it being
internal southern wall of original building.
PL 07 Exposed interior window in courtyard wall [110]. coal chute slabs in place [113], over
top of dry stone wall channel [112] though which [115] runs. Long view with scales.
PL 08 Depth of channel from top of dry stone wall [112]
PL 09 Exposed interior window in courtyard wall [110]. coal chute slabs in place [113], over
top of dry stone wall channel [112] though which [115] runs. Detail. Right slab removed.
Exposing [114].
PL 10 General view exposed [112]
PL 11 Remains of dry stone wall channel [112] and perpends in structural wall [110]
PL 12 View from inside covered culvert drystone wall [112] under cobbled ramp [122].
Continuation of perpend stones
PL 13 General view of possible, original internal wall of building. Full depth 3m from top of
wall.
PL 14 Internal view drainage from dry stone wall channel [112] into [110] bricked up.
PL 15 Fully exposed window in wall [110] After removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill
[114]
PL 16 Left coal slab [113] removal by digger
PL 17 Hearth stone used as coal chute [113] in window
PL 18 Right window coal chute slab [113]. Detailed
PL 19 Fully exposed window in wall [110] After removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill
[114] detail.
PL 20 Removal of cobbled ramped path [122] and dark grey bedding loam. [123], continuation
of wall [110] and dry stone wall channel [112]
PL 21 Internal view, covered culvert
PL 22 General view, property gardens. Site behind wall to right
Appendices
Appendix I HER Event records

Appendix II HER Core records
Appendix III HER NMR records
Appendix IV Digital Photograph list
Appendix V Context list
Appendix VI Finds list
3
Introduction
This Watching Brief Report has been prepared by Mr Adam Phillips, A.P.A.C. Ltd, in response to a proposed
programme of works for the formation of a single story extension to an existing outbuilding.
.
The existing single storey outbuilding is part of Blackbrook Manor, (Blackbrook House), a Grade II, listed building:
Cadw Building ID 2754, for which Listed Building consent for development work has been approved; with
conditions, (DC/2015/00981).
Planning approval for a range of works to the building were applied for in August of 2015: DC/2015/00978,
resulting in approval with conditions.
The planning proposal application was noted by Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust, (GGAT) advisers to
Monmouthshire County Council, (MCC) as having a potential for impact upon archaeological resources.
GGAT’s assessment was based on records of prehistoric finds within the vicinity as well as 19th mapping which
reveal previous configurations for the present building.
The location of the site within the triangle of ‘The Three Castles’ and general medieval land use should also be
taken into consideration.
The relevant condition for the Watching brief as advised by GGAT was:
The developer shall ensure that a suitably qualified archaeologist is present during the
undertaking of any ground disturbing works in the development area, so that an archaeological
watching brief can be conducted. The archaeological watching brief shall be undertaken to the
standards of the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists. The Local Planning Authority shall be
informed, in writing, at least two weeks prior to the commencement of the development of the name
of the said archaeologist and no work shall begin until the Local Planning Authority has
confirmed, in writing, that the proposed archaeologist is suitable. A copy of the watching brief
report shall be submitted to the local Planning Authority within two months of the fieldwork being
completed by the archaeologist.
MON2188/JB.
DC/2015/00987 condition: 3
DC/2015/00981 condition: 6
CIfA standards and guidance require that a Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) for a program of archaeological
work should be submitted as part of any project.
The WSI was drawn up and duly submitted and approved in writing before any on site work began, WSI:
WB/SKN/16.
Site Location and Description
The site for the watching brief is centred on NGR 243037 220963, Blackbrook House, Near Skenfrith,
Monmouthshire, NP7 8UB, fig 01.
Blackbrook House can be gained from Monmouth by taking the B4233 Rockfield Road and at a distance of 1.8
miles turn right onto the B4347 signposted to Skenfrith.
Continue for 5.2 miles to the junction with the B45121 then turn right and immediately left onto the B4347 towards
Grossmont.
The lodge gates to Blackbrook Estate are on the left at a distance of 1 mile.
4
Geology and Topography
The solid geology at the site is St Maughans Formation – Argillaceous rocks and (subequal/subordinate) sandstone,
interbedded.
Sedimentary bedrock formed approximately 398 to 416 million years ago in the Devonian period.
Local environment previously dominated by rivers. (BGS).
Brief archaeological and historical background
Skenfrith, originally derived from “Ynys Cynfraeth”, is a small village in Monmouthshire, situated on the river
Monnow between the border of Wales and England.
The village gets its renowned status from its Norman Castle; one of three trilateral castles, including Grossmont and
Whitecastle that are known locally as the “three castles”.
Skenfrith Castle is thought to have originally been a wooden fort:
“At the time of entry of the Normans into Wales, Skenfrith belonged to Bach, eighth son of
Gwaethfoed, Prince of Cardigan. It is probable that, as elsewhere, the old Welsh castle of
Skenfrith possessed not much of a building, but was a sort of military fort defended by stout
wooden pales.” (Bradney, pp. 62. 1907).
Excavations during repairs to the collapsed weir and river bank in 2004, by Cambrian Archaeological Projects,
revealed a series of wharf structures suggesting that the river was navigable at least to this point; the castle being
therefore strategic to transportation defences, pers com DR. N. Phillips Archaeological survey for Cambrian
Archaeological Projects 2004).
The estate of Blackbrook manor lies within the castle boundaries along with the chapel of St. Noe which formed part
of the possessions of “Dore Abbey” confirming the lands medieval provenance.
The first mention of Blackbrook Manor comes through Sir Richard Morgan, who lived in the residence; a prominent
lawyer of the time, who was first called to bar in 1529, (Bradney pp.63. 1907).
Bradney, further records: Sir Morgan and his father Phillip Morgan Watkin, both lived in the property, establishing
at the very least a 16th century origin for a property at the site.
The RCAHMW consent correspondence mentions that ‘Blackbrook Manor was listed for its interest as a late
Georgian country house of modest scale, on the site of a small medieval manor of the castle of Skenfrith,’ (cor
377996, Suggett).
To better understand the potential historical and archaeological background to the area a 500m diameter search
centred on the proposed site was commissioned from the Historic Environment Record (HER): appendices I-II-III
The search map, fig 03, shows the concentration of both Core and Event records around the site, as provided by the
HER.
The HER Events record appendix I, shows of two field visits (GGATE002110, GGATE004071) to St Noye’s chapel
a grade II listed building, in 2011.
The HER Core record appendix II, shows a Neolithic axe was found (03864g) NGR SO433212, and an unspecified
prehistoric tool was also found in the vicinity of Blackbrook (03890g) NGR SO42992085.
Other information listed, includes that of a deserted medieval settlement near St Noye’s Chapel, (09589g) NGR
SO4328720635.
5
Cartographic documentation provides further useful information:
The property itself is actually recorded on the 1831 first series Ordnance Survey Map, Sheet 43, fig 04a but its
configuration is unclear.
On the 1885 map “Monmouthshire V” fig 04b, a building can be clearly seen to connect with Blackbrook House,
forming a central, enclosed courtyard.
The map shows the configuration thus:
The main house to the south east is roughly square, a north west extension protrudes out from the south
west elevation of the main house and a building to the north east borders the enclosed courtyard.
The north east building equates to the wall discovered during watching brief.
On the 1902 Monmouthshire V.NW & SW map fig 04c, the south west wall is now seen to be running parallel with
the rest of the main building.
Not much changed in the 20 years between 1902 and the 1923 Herefordshire L Map Fig 04d, however, the central
courtyard is shown to change into what appears to be an “L” shape, from its original square configuration.
On the S042 map 1956 fig 04e, the courtyard and building have been completely erased and only the main building
remains; however, this may be due to the large scale, and therefore reduced quality of the map.
The current 2016 Magic map, fig 04f shows the current building and layout including the courtyard and surrounding
courtyard walls.
Aims and Objectives
The aim of the watching brief was to preserve by record, within the resources available, any archaeological deposits
uncovered during groundwork.
The watching brief also ensured that: in the event of archaeological resources of significance, being discovered and
requiring treatment beyond the remit of the watching brief, that steps would be implemented to ensure that their
treatment would be undertaken within the standards recommended by the CIfA.
Watching Brief
Presentation Notes:
All contexts are denoted [#] in the text, listed in Appendix III, cross referenced in Appendix IV, to the plates section.
Photographs used in the text are listed Pl # and a complete list of photographs can be found in appendix IV with
contact sheets.
Finds are listed {#}.
The watching brief was undertaken over 4 days: 9th, 12th, 13th and 17th May 2016.
Heavy rain brought a halt to the excavation in the afternoon of the first day due to problems in removing the spoil
from site in very muddy conditions.
The 10th saw further cancellation of the work due to continual rain and a site visit on the 11th confirmed the need for
further delay as the site was still being cleared of the original spoil.
The following days 13th and 17th saw more favourable conditions.
Day 1 09/05/16
The entire site is covered with a 10mm layer of grey gravel [100], providing an overall surface coverage on the site
and a walkway between two lines of ornamental trees.
6
Upon arrival work started with the removal of the south western tree line; as they were to be replanted, some test
pits were dug to find the root spread, PL01.
The test pits, PL02, identified that the trees had been planted in isolated fills of dark brown sandy soil with small
stones [103]; cut, [104], into a landfill deposit of brown/red sandy soil with many angular stones.
The [103] context revealed small finds assemblage {1} of 18th /19th century origin
Once the trees had been relocated, the site was stripped back and upon doing so, a cracked paving floor [102] was
discovered insitu, bedded into a thin layer of the layer of dark brown sandy soil. [101].
The paving covered the majority of the site between the two treelines.
Excavation was halted at this point for the paved area to be cleaned off and recorded before removal, PL03.
Once the area had been recorded excavation continued with the removal of a 400mm infill of brown/red sandy soil
[105], which yielded finds assemblages {02} {03} {04} {05} {06} {07}.
Underlying the infill [105], was a thin 300mm band of red sandy silt [107] over a 300mm band of degrading yellow
silt/stone, [108].
The natural [107] & [108] were only observed at the northern edge of the site at this point of the proceedings, PL04.
At the southern edge of the excavation, the layer of brown/red sandy soil [105] was removed to reveal stone
structures along the outside of the current courtyard wall, [110], PL05 & PL06.
Excavation was halted at this point due to a build-up of spoil and heavy rain.
Day 2 12/05/16
Further excavation at the south eastern corner revealed two blocked windows, with internal splays and stone lintels.
The window splays imply that the exposed wall [110], currently serving as the northwest boundary to the courtyard,
was at one time the south west wall of a building.
In which case, it is probable that the area of the current excavation was formerly the internal area of a building,
PL07. Fig 05a, b & c.
Excavation was halted in the area of the windows to allow for further investigation during which an attempt was
made to clear the window with hand tools.
Day 3 13/05/16.
Further excavation by hand, underneath the windows and indeed the length of the internal wall [110], exposed a dry
stone wall with flagstone cover, [112], forming a hollow drain with [110], PL08.
Underneath the windows, the channel had been topped with larger stone possibly for reinforcement [113] PL09.
Inspection of the channel showed the drystone covered drain to run full length along wall [110], PL10; with the
south west portion running through the boundary wall that surrounded the ramped cobbled pathway entrance to the
courtyard, from the driveway [122].
Above the junction of the covered drain with the wall [112], was a grilled vent whilst the drain itself continued
under the cobbled ramp. PL11.
The wall [112] was tied into wall [110] throughout with perpends PL12.
Throughout the channel various drainage/access holes had been placed within the existing boundary wall [110],
PL13; some of which had been blocked in PL14.
7
Once the drain structure had been cleared back and the large cover stones removed from beneath the windows, their
true height above the floor level was established, PL15.
Clearance also revealed that two large stones had been placed under the windows to form tilted chutes, [113]
A fill lens of coal and debris [114] surrounding these large stones and within the now fully exposed window
cavities, revealed that at some point the windows were adapted for use as coal chutes feeding into the courtyard.
Both large stones were removed using a mechanical digger and harness, PL16. cleaned, recorded and drawn.
One appeared to be a large purpose cut hearth stone PL17, fig 7a & b and the other judging by its size, shape and
tooling, possibly remains from a medieval structure in the local area, PL18, fig 7c & d.
After removal the stones were cleaned up, recorded and drawn to scale. PL19, fig 06.
Day 4 17/05/16
The last day of the watching brief involved the demolition of the cobbled ramped path, [122] and its subsequent
boundary wall.
Upon its removal more of the covered drain wall was found, [112], continuing to run alongside the outside of the
courtyard wall and courtyard building. PL20
The covered drain continued underneath the cobbled ramp and under the driveway. PL21
After the removal of the drystone drainage channel wall, the site was cleared back the depth level required.
During the course of the watching brief, 3 different service pipes were excavated.
Heating, fuel and electric [115], cut [120] and yellow sand fill [121], a water pipe [116], cut [117], and a yellow gas
pipe [118], cut [120] and yellow sand fill [121].
All service pipes were found within the dark brown sandy soil [103] at the same level as the tree line [104] and
below the cracked paving stones [102].
These service pipes show further evidence of the altered stratigraphy of the site in more modern times.
Finds
The site yielded 7, small finds, assemblages amounting to:
14 shards of glass,
76 sherds of stoneware and ceramics.
1 bone fragment
With the exception of small finds assemblage {1}, which came from tree infill [103], all other assemblages came
from land fill deposit [105].
All small finds were thought to range between late post medieval to modern in date.
To larger finds were recovered during excavation of the windows and these were recorded on site and left with the
client.
The finds were two dressed stones which had been reused as coal chute slides. PL17, figs 7a & b, PL18, figs 7c & d.
The first stone, PL17 figs 7a & 7b, was a sandstone flag, some 100mm thick and measuring 730mm by 770mm in
square.
8
Two edges of the stone had been cut to leave two shoulders extending the third side to 960mm; roughly the shape
expected for a hearth stone.
The second stone, PL18, figs 7c & d. was lighter in colour, rough faced and measured 840mm by 800mm by
260mm.
Into the one face had been carved a semi-circular groove which tapered from a depth of 70mm to 130mm across
800mm.
The stone was grooved side down beneath the western window.
Interpretation
During the course of the watching brief a natural stratigraphic sequence was established: [106] over [107] over
[108]; forming a gentle gradient from west to east.
The gradient can be seen utilised to good effect in PL22.
Within the excavation, the natural was in evidence only to the west of the site, the east being made of land fill and
landscaping deposits.
The south west of the site was bordered by a single wall in front of which were various, later drainage structures, fig
05a.
The original wall [110] was of interest because it contained two identical stone windows with splays, typologically
suggestive of late Tudor Period, fig 06, which is consistent with the documentary evidence given by Bradney.
Before excavation the windows were completely buried to their lintels, however, their use as coal chutes reveal that
they were at one time above ground.
Their use as coal chutes is an adaption to their original purpose which can be confirmed by the miss matched and
reused stone slides, PL17 figs 7a & 7b, & PL18, figs 7c & d.
The chutes themselves are a later build on top of the drystone drainage channel built along the front of the courtyard
wall [110] and itself buried under land fill [105].
The main wall can therefore be seen archaeologically to have been in place before the land fill; is documented from
at least 1831, and forms the south east wall to a building no longer present.
Post Ex
Following the watching brief, the field notes and photographs were digitised to produce the context record of the
stratigraphy; Appendix III, and an annotated list of the photographs, Appendix IV.
The finds were washed by hand, dried, identified, photographed and packed in sealed and labelled bags were
recorded in Appendix V.
The three appendices; III Context, IV Photographs and V finds were cross referenced ready for inclusion in the
report.
All finds were returned to the client.
9
Staff
Dr. Neil Phillips, ACIFA.

Post ex
Mr A. O. Phillips.
Archive:
The original archive for this project will remain with APAC Ltd and a copy deposited with Monmouthshire County
Archive
Copies of the report will be deposited with the client, Cadw, GGAT HER, RCAHMW NMR & MCC Planning.
Acknowledgements:
Thanks to Robin and the Jones brothers for their assistance and efficient handling of the excavations.
Thanks also to Mr & Mrs Vaughn for the chance to work in such interesting surroundings.
10
Bibliography and References:
APAC.Ltd WSI: WB/SKN/16.Written Scheme of Investigation for an Archaeological Watching

Brief., Blackbrook House, Near Skenfrith, Monmouthshire, NP7 8UB, NGR 243037
220963
Bradney. J.A A history of Monmouthshire, The Hundred of Skenfrith, Volume 1, part 1.

1907 Mitchell Hughes and Clarke, 140 Wardour Street, W. London
Craig Hamilton
Architects Blackbrook House. Design And Access Statement In Support Of An Application For External
Alterations To The South-Western Façade, A Courtyard Extension And Minor Internal
Alterations.
Drawings:
Land Survey. Existing 12959D/1. July 2015.

Basement Plan. Existing 12959D/2. July 2015.
Ground Floor Plan. Existing 12959D/3. July 2015.
Elevations. Existing 12959D7/5. July 2015.
Site Plan. Proposed P-AD 01. Rev D. July 2015.

Basement Plan. Proposed P-AD 02. Rev B. July 2015.
Ground Floor Plan. Proposed P-AD 03. Rev E. July 2015.
Elevations. Proposed P-AD 16. Rev C. July 2015.
CIfA Code of Conduct and the Code of Approved Practice for the Regulation of Contractual
Arrangements in Field Archaeology 2014.
Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Watching Brief 2014.
Standard and Guidance for the Collection, Documentation, Conservation and Research of
Archaeological materials 2014
English Heritage 1991 Management of Archaeological Projects
GGAT MON2188/JB. RE: Erection of a single Storey Extension, Replacement of Portico,

Remodelling of South-Western Elevation, New Doorway to North-East Elevation, Minor
Internal Alterations and Refurbishment: Blackbrook Manor, B4347. Nr Skenfrith. PL.
App. No:2015/00978.
GGAT HER Report No 5266. 500m diameter search centred on NGR 243037 220963
MCC Planning Approval. DC/2015/00978
DC/2015/00978. Case Officer report Craig O Connor
Listed Building Approval. DC/2015/00981
11
RCAHMW Application for Listed Building Consent: Blackbrook Manor. COR:377994. Suggett, R.
14/09/2015.
British Listed
Buildings https://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/
Magic Maps https://magic.defra.gov.uk/
National library of Scotland https://www.nls.co.uk/
Vision of Britain https://www.visionofbritain.co.uk/
The copyright for this report shall be retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd.
A.P.A.C. Registered Address: 36 Hatherleigh Rd, Abergavenny Monmouthshire NP7 7RG.

Tel: 07734962919. Mobile: 07734962919 Email: apac.philips@btinternet.com
Company Registration No 5041541 VAT Reg No 826 3628 19
Director: Dr. N. Phillips D.Phil. BA (Hons).Cert Ed/FE. MCIfA.
12
The Ordnance Survey has granted A.P.A.C. Ltd a Copyright Licence (No. 100046577)
adapted from Craig Hamilton Architects Ltd.
1 KM Blackbrook Location Plan P-AD 00
Fig 01: Location

A.P.A.C. LTD: WB/SKN/16
a b c
1956 Ordnance Survey SO42 1:25,000 adapted from Craig Hamilton Architects Ltd.
1882 Ordnance Survey Monmouthshire V, 6 “
Blackbrook Location Plan P-AD 00
11
Fig 02 House Footprint A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/2016

GGAT03864g
GGAT03890g
10718g
GGAT01663g
GGAT01669g
GGATE004071
01669g,01670g
GGAT09589g
GGATE002110
HER_Event
10719g GGAT01670g
HER_Core
Area of Enquiry
Core polygons
© Crown copyright and database right 2011.
FIG 03 HER map A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

Blackbrook House,Skenfrith
Fig 04a: 1st Series, Ordnance Survey Fig 04b: 1st edition, Ordnance Survey
1831, Sheet 43. 1:63360 Monmouthshire V. Surveyed 1882
Published 1885. 1:2500
Fig 04c: 2 nd edition, Ordnance Survey Fig 04d: 2 nd edition, Ordnance Survey
Monmouthshire V. V.NW & SW Herefordshire L. Revised 1903,
Revised 1899 - 1900, Published 1902 Published 1923. 1:2500
1:2500
Fig 04e: Ordnance Survey, SO42 Fig 04f: Magic map, 2016
Published 1956. 1:2500 Monmouthshire
A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

N
110
122
113
0 50 100
cm
Fig 05b: exposed window at depth 1.5m
110 Site
110
Windows
Courtyard
0 10m
0 50 100
cm
Fig 05a: Position of windows. Fig 05c: final exposed window at depth 2m A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16
adapted from Craig Hamilton Architects LTD
Drawing no: 12959D/1
window fill
0 50 100
wood lintel
cm
stone lintel and quions.
FIG 06 Detailed window drawing A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

0 1 0 1
m m
Fig 07a, plan view right coal chute Fig 07b, right coal chute, isometric model
0 1 0 1
m m
Fig 07c, plan view left coal chute Fig 07d, left coal chute, isometric model A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16
DSC09871
Plate 01: Removal of tree line
DSC09870
Plate 02: Tree pits, [104] into [105] 400mm red/brown sandy soil A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN//16
under [103]
Blackbrook House,Skenfrith
DSC09883
DSC09909
Plate 03: [102] detail, layer cracked paving. Possible
internal flooring. 10mm depth.
DSC09886
Plate 05: Roughly 800mm deep [107] red sandy silt. Plate 04: General layer matrix north of A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16
Exposed feature [112] top of cut and cover drystone culvert site. [101] [103] [105] infills to natural
[107] [108]
DSC09904
DSC09888
Plate 06: Exposed feature, window emerging from [110] Plate 07: Exposed interior window in courtyard wall [110].
courtyard wall. Possibility of it being internal southern wall coal chute slabs in place [113], over top of dry stone wall
of original building. channel [112] though which [115] runs. Long view with scales
DSC09904
DSC09893
Plate 08: Depth of channel from top of dry stone wall [112] Plate 09: Exposed interior window A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16
in courtyard wall [110]. coal chute
slabs in place [113], over top of dry stone wall channel [112]
though which [115] runs. Detail. Right slab removed.
Exposing [114]
DSC09906
Plate 10: General view exposed [112]
DSC09915
Plate 11: Remains of dry stone wall channel [112] A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16
and perpends in structural wall [110]
DSC09944
DSC09948
Plate 13: General view of possible, original internal wall of
building. Full depth 3m from top of wall
DSC09914
Plate 12: View from inside covered culvert drystone wall [112] Plate 14: Internal view drainage A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16
under cobbled ramp [122]. Continuation of perpend stones from dry stone wall channel [112]
into [110] bricked up.
DSC09925
DSC09932
Plate 15: Fully exposed window in wall [110] After Plate 16: Left coal slab [113] removal by digger
removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill [114]
DSC09921
DSC09934
Plate 17: Hearth stone used as coal chute [113] in Plate 18: Right window coal chute A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16
window slab [113]. Detailed
DSC09929
Plate 19: Fully exposed window in wall [110] After removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill
[114] detail.
DSC09943
Plate 20: Removal of cobbled ramped path [122] and dark grey A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN//16
bedding loam. [123], continuation of wall [110] and dry stone wall
channel [112]
DSC09950
Plate 21: Internal view, covered culvert
DSC09869
Plate 22: General view, property gardens. A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

Site behind wall to right
A.P.A.C. Ltd. Appendix I WB/SKN/16
HER Report 5266. Event Record
PRN NAME Event Contractor Year NGR

GGATE002110 St Noye's Chapel Field visit GGAT 2011 SO43222058
GGATE004071 St Noye's Chapel Field visit GGAT 2011 SO43232063
Contractors:
GGAT Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust

A.P.A.C. Ltd. Appendix II WB/SKN/16
HER Report 5266. Core Record
PRN NAME Period Site type Status NGR

GGAT01663g BLACKBROOK Post-Medieval House listed SO4305720942
HOUSE building
GGAT01669g ST NOE'S CHAPEL Medieval Chapel - SO43232063
GGAT01670g ST NOYES CHAPEL Medieval Chapel - SO43222058
GGAT03864g SITE NAME NOT Neolithic Lithic implement - SO433212
KNOWN
GGAT03890g BLACKBROOK Prehistoric Findspot - SO42992085
GGAT09589g Medieval settlement near Medieval Deserted settlement - SO4328720635
St Noye's Chapel
GGAT10718g Structure - - -
GGAT10719g Fountain - - - SO4305720942
A.P.A.C. Ltd. Appendix III WB/SKN/16
HER Report 5266. National Monuments Record
NPRN NMRWNAME TYPE PERIOD NGR

40035 MILL SITE NEAR BLACKBROOK HOUSE CORN MILL Post Medieval SO432208
265915 BLACKBROOKE HOUSE GARDEN; COUNTRY Post Medieval SO4308220975
BLACKBROOK HOUSE, GARDEN, NORTON HOUSE
GARDEN
268156 ST NOYES CHAPEL, POSSIBLE SITE OF CHAPEL Medieval SO43222058
36469 BLACKBROOK HOUSE; BLACKBROOKE HOUSE Post Medieval SO4305720942
HOUSE
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix IV Digital photograph list WB/SKN/16
Photo no Date Camera L or P View Description Plate

DSC09865 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L NW General view. Entrance to site, initial tree removal
DSC09866 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE General raised garden, to be levelled
DSC09867 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE Spoil, raised garden and modern dovecote, to the NW of the site
DSC09868 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE Test pit. Gravel 10mm [100], over red sandy soil 10mm [101], to a 400mm layer of dark brown sandy soil [103]
DSC09869 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE General view, property gardens. Site behind wall to right PL22
DSC09870 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L N Tree pits, [104] into [105] 400mm red/brown sandy soil under [103] PL02
DSC09871 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW Removal of tree line PL01
DSC09872 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L E General view, position of tree line prior to removal
DSC09873 09/05/16 SONY-F828 L E General view, position of tree line prior to removal, test trenches dug to establish root spread
DSC09880 11/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE Area cleared of tree line, levelled off at [101]. Gas pipe [118] exposed and disconnected
DSC09881 12/05/16 SONY-F828 P SW Cracked paving unearthed [102] set in [105], cleaned up and recorded
DSC09882 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L V [102] detail, layer cracked paving. Possible internal flooring.
DSC09883 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW/V [102] detail, layer cracked paving. Possible internal flooring. 10mm depth. PL03
DSC09884 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE NE Corner, 600mm below [102]. [104] over [105]. Camera lens misted over
DSC09885 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW General view SE corner of initial excavation revealing tree rooting
DSC09886 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L S Roughly 800mm deep [107] red sandy silt. Exposed feature [112] top of cut and cover drystone culvert PL05
DSC09887 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L S Detail, exposed feature [112], note coal deposit, [113]
DSC09888 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Exposed feature, window emerging from [110] courtyard wall. Possibility of it being internal southern wall of original building. PL06
DSC09889 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE SE roughly 1.5 m depth. [104] [105] [106] [107], in front of [110], above [115] [111] [112] [113]
DSC09890 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L E SE corner, roughly 1.6 m depth. [104], [105], [106], [107], in front of [110], above [115] [111] [112] [113]
DSC09891 12/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE East wall [105] [107] [109] in front of [110]. Metal water pipe [116] cut into [117]
DSC09892 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Depth of channel from top of dry stone wall [112], detail.
DSC09893 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Depth of channel from top of dry stone wall [112] PL08
DSC09894 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L V Bottom of channel. Filled in with site disturbance
DSC09895 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Debris from dry stone cut and culvert wall [112] under [105] and [107]
DSC09896 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Depth of channel from top covered culvert dry stone wall [112]
DSC09897 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE South eastern view of [110]
DSC09898 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Depth from top of interior windows to stone slab coal chute [113] in lens coal over [114] both over dry stone wall [112]
DSC09899 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE “Dave Tuson” 0ct 13/78 inscribed into cement bond
DSC09900 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P SW Exposed dry stone wall channel. Course of perpend stone throughout leading to drainage grate from ramp to courtyard
DSC09901 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P SW Repeat
DSC09902 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P SW Exposed dry stone wall channel. Course of perpend stone throughout leading to drainage grate. Detail
DSC09903 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Exposed interior window in courtyard wall [110]. coal chute slabs in place [113], over top of dry stone wall channel [112] though which [115] runs.
DSC09904 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Exposed interior window in courtyard wall [110]. coal chute slabs in place [113], over top of dry stone wall channel [112] though which [115] runs. PL07
Long view with scales
DSC09905 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Exposed interior window in courtyard wall [110]. coal chute slabs in place [113], over top of dry stone wall channel [112] though which [115] runs. PL09
Detail. Right slab removed. Exposing [114]
DSC09906 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P NE General view exposed [112] PL10
DSC09907 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Left interior window in possibly original build wall [110], just underneath previous site surface at approximately 1m
DSC09908 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Right interior window in possibly original built wall [110], just underneath previous site surface at approximately 1m
DSC09909 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L N General layer matrix north of site. [101] [103] [105] infills to natural [107] [108] PL04
DSC09910 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L V Right window coal chute slab [113]. Possibly “repurposed” from local Medieval buildings
DSC09911 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L V Right window coal chute slab [113]. Possibly “repurposed” from local Medieval buildings. Scale.
DSC09912 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L S Remains of dry stone wall channel [112] in structural walls [110]
DSC09913 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE Internal view inside dry stone wall channel [112] remains
DSC09914 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW Internal view drainage from dry stone wall channel [112] into [110] bricked up. PL14
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix IV Digital photograph list WB/SKN/16
DSC09915 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW Remains of dry stone wall channel [112] and perpends in structural wall [110] PL11
DSC09916 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P NE Remains of dry stone wall channel [112]. Blurred image
DSC09917 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P NE Remains of dry stone wall channel [112] and perpends in structural wall [110]
DSC09918 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L NE Loose modern drainage and debris within wall channel [112]
DSC09919 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L NW Right window coal chute slab [113].
DSC09920 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L NW Right window coal chute slab [113]. Detailed
DSC09921 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L NW Right window coal chute slab [113]. Detailed PL 18
DSC09922 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE General full window with left coal slab still remaining. [113]
DSC09923 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L S General view of site
DSC09924 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L S General full window with left coal slab still remaining. [113] with scale
DSC09925 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW Left coal slab [113] removal by digger PL16
DSC09926 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L S Left coal slab [113] removal by digger
DSC09927 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Fully exposed window in wall [110] After removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill [114]
DSC09928 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Fully exposed window in wall [110] After removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill [114]
DSC09929 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Fully exposed window in wall [110] After removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill [114] detail. PL19
DSC09930 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P SE Fully exposed left window after removal of chute slab and fill
DSC09931 13/05/16 SONY-F828 P SE Fully exposed right window after removal of chute slab and fill
DSC09932 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L SE Fully exposed window in wall [110] After removal of coal chute slabs [113[ and fill [114] PL15
DSC09933 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L V Hearth stone used as coal chute [113] in window
DSC09934 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L V Hearth stone used as coal chute [113] in window PL17
DSC09935 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L N Northern area of trench at just over 2m, [105] over [107] over [108]
DSC09936 13/05/16 SONY-F828 L N Northern area of trench at just over 2m, [105] over [107] over [108] detail
DSC09941 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L N Northern wall of trench, [105] [108] [109] bottom of trench, detail.
DSC09942 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L N Northern wall of trench, [100], [103] [105] [107] [108] [109] bottom of trench. Main sequence
DSC09943 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW Removal of cobbled ramped path [122] and dark grey bedding loam. [123], continuation of wall [110] and dry stone wall channel [112] PL20
DSC09944 17/05/16 SONY-F828 P SW View from inside covered culvert drystone wall [112] under cobbled ramp [122]. Continuation of perpend stones PL12
DSC09945 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L V Removal of [122] and [123] over [112]
DSC09946 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L V Removal of [122] and [123] over [112]
DSC09947 17/05/16 SONY-F828 P SW View from inside cut and culvert drystone wall [112] under cobbled ramp [122]. Continuation of perpend stones
DSC09948 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L S General view of possible, original internal wall of building. Full depth 3m from top of wall PL13
DSC09949 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L NW General view, full depth excavated, natural layers, under built up ground
DSC09950 17/05/16 SONY-F828 P SW Internal view, covered culvert PL21
DSC09951 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW General view of site
DSC09952 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW Continuation of covered culvert drystone wall, [112] beyond boundary of trench, under access road to the west
DSC09953 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L V [118] [119] and [120] yellow gas mains pipe in [105]
DSC09954 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L S South western corner off trench above [112] disused stoneware utility pipe with stone wall pillar
DSC09955 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW Full removal of cobbles and loam [122] [123] fully exposed channel [112] and its continuation
DSC09956 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L SW [118] gas mains pipe.
DSC09957 17/05/16 SONY-F828 L S South west corner location of [118] at 300mm under surface level
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix V WB/SKN/16
Contexts
Site: Black Brook Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No:

House, Skenfrith 343037 220963 WB /SKN/16/
CONTEXT AREA FEATURE DESCRIPTION FINDS PHOTOGRAPHS
100 Site Surface Grey gravel surface, c10mm DSC09865, DSC09867,
DSC09868, DSC09870,
DSC09871, DSC09872,
DSC09873, DSC09874,
DSC09881, DSC09882,
DSC09883, DSC09910,
DSC09911, DSC09919,
DSC09920, DSC09921,
DSC09923, DSC09925,
DSC09926, DSC09933,
DSC09934, DSC09942,
DSC09951, DSC09952,
DSC09957.
101 Site Bedding Red sandy soil, c10mm DSC09868, DSC09870,
DSC09871, DSC09872,
DSC09873, DSC09880,
DSC09881, DSC09882,
DSC09883, DSC09886.
102 Central Floor Cracked paving, internal floor? c10mm DSC09881, DSC09882,
DSC09883.
103 Tree line Tree pits Dark brown sandy soil, with small stones. 400mm {1} DSC09868, DSC09870,
DSC09871, DSC09872,
DSC09873, DSC09880,
DSC09881, DSC09882,
DSC09883, DSC09884,
DSC09985, DSC09904,
DSC09909, DSC09923,
DSC09942. DSC09949
104 Tree line Cut Cut for [103] into [105] DSC09870, DSC09871
105 Site Infill Brown/red sandy soil, many angular stones. 400mm {2}{3}{4} DSC09868, DSC09870,
{5}{6}{7} DSC09871, DSC09872,
DSC09873, DSC09880,
DSC09881, DSC09882,
DSC09883, DSC09884,
DSC09985, DSC09886,
DSC09987, DSC09988,
DSC09889, DSC09890,
DSC09891, DSC09896,
DSC09897, DSC09898,
DSC09903, DSC09904,
DSC09904, DSC09906,
DSC09907, DSC09908,
DSC09909, DSC09916,
DSC09917, DSC09923,
DSC09924, DSC09935,
DSC09936, DSC09942,
DSC09943, DSC09949
DSC09953, DSC09957.
106 Site Cut Cut for 105 into [107] DSC09884, DSC09985,
DSC09892, DSC09893,
DSC09897, DSC09904,
DSC09904, DSC09906,
DSC09909, DSC09935,
DSC09936, DSC09942,
DSC09949.
107 Site Natural Red sandy silt. 300mm DSC09884, DSC09985,
DSC09889, DSC09890,
DSC09891, DSC09892,
DSC09893, DSC09895,
DSC09896, DSC09897,
DSC09898, DSC09903,
DSC09904, DSC09904,
DSC09906, DSC09907,
DSC09908, DSC09909,
DSC09912, DSC09916,
DSC09917, DSC09922
DSC09923, DSC09924,
DSC09927, DSC09935,
DSC09936, DSC09942
DSC09943, DSC09946.
DSC09948, DSC09949,
Contexts
DSC09952, DSC09953.
DSC09954, DSC09956
DSC09957/
108 N&E Natural Yellow sandy silt. 300mm DSC09904, DSC09909,
DSC09923, DSC09924,
DSC09927, DSC09935,
DSC09936, DSC09942,
DSC09948, DSC09949,
DSC09955.
109 N Natural Red sandstone DSC09909, DSC09912,
DSC09923, DSC09935
DSC09936, DSC09942,
DSC09943, DSC09948,
DSC09949.
110 E&S Wall Main wall to courtyard DSC09886, DSC09889,
DSC09890, DSC09892,
DSC09893, DSC09897,
DSC09898, DSC09899,
DSC09900, DSC09901,
DSC09902, DSC09903,
DSC09904, DSC09904,
DSC09906, DSC09907,
DSC09908, DSC09912,
DSC09914, DSC09915,
DSC09916, DSC09917,
DSC09918, DSC09922,
DSC09923, DSC09924,
DSC09925, DSC09927,
DSC09928, DSC09929,
DSC09930, DSC09931,
DSC09932, DSC09943,
DSC09944, DSC09946.
DSC09948, DSC09950,
DSC09951, DSC09952,
DSC09954, DSC09955.
DSC09957.
111 E&S Cut Cut for wall into [107], [108] [109] DSC09889, DSC09892,
DSC09893, DSC09894,
DSC09895, DSC09896,
DSC09897, DSC09900,
DSC09901, DSC09902,
DSC09904, DSC09906,
DSC09912, DSC09915,
DSC09916, DSC09917,
DSC09918, DSC09943,
DSC09944, DSC09945,
DSC09946, DSC09947,
DSC09950, DSC09952
DSC09954, DSC09955,
DSC09957,
112 SE Wall Drystone wall. Over [108] [109] under [105] DSC09886, DSC09987,
DSC09889, DSC09890,
DSC09892, DSC09893,
DSC09894, DSC09895,
DSC09896, DSC09897,
DSC09898, DSC09900,
DSC09901, DSC09902,
DSC09903, DSC09904,
DSC09904, DSC09906,
DSC09907, DSC09908,
DSC09912, DSC09913,
DSC09914, DSC09915,
DSC09916, DSC09917,
DSC09918, DSC09922
DSC09924, DSC09943,
DSC09944, DSC09945,
DSC09946, DSC09947,
DSC09950, DSC09952,
DSC09953, DSC09954,
DSC09955.
113 SE Slab Coal chute slab. Over [112] under [105] DSC09889, DSC09897,
DSC09903, DSC09904,
DSC09905, DSC09907,
DSC09908, DSC09910,
DSC09911, DSC09919,
DSC09920, DSC09921,
Contexts
DSC09922, DSC09923,
DSC09924, DSC09925,
DSC09926, DSC09933,
DSC09934.
114 SE Deposit Coal lens over [113] DSC09892, DSC09893,
DSC09895, DSC09897,
DSC09898, DSC09903,
DSC09904, DSC09904,
DSC09907, DSC09908,
DSC09922, DSC09923,
DSC09924, DSC09925,
DSC09927, DSC09928,
DSC09929, DSC09932,
DSC09948.
115 SE Pipe Heating fuel & electric DSC09988, DSC09889,
DSC09890, DSC09897,
DSC09898, DSC09903,
DSC09904, DSC09904,
DSC09906, DSC09907,
DSC09916, DSC09917,
DSC09922, DSC09923,
DSC09924, DSC09925,
DSC09927, DSC09928,
DSC09929.
116 E Water pipe Metal water pipe DSC09891, DSC09903,
DSC09904.
117 E Cut Cut for [116] into [105] DSC09891, DSC09903,
DSC09904.
118 S & SW Gas Pipe Yellow gas main DSC09952, DSC09953.
DSC09955, DSC09956,
DSC09957.
119 S & SW Water pipe Blue plastic DSC09909, DSC09941,
DSC09942, DSC09949.
120 S & SW Cut Cut for [118] & [119] into [105] DSC09909, DSC09941,
DSC09942, DSC09949,
DSC09952, DSC09953.
DSC09956, DSC09957.
121 Site Fill Fill for cut [120] coarse yellow sand DSC09909, DSC09941,
DSC09942, DSC09948,
DSC09949, DSC09955,
DSC09956, DSC09957.
122 S & SW Cobbles Ramp to courtyard DSC09943, DSC09945,
DSC09946, DSC09949.
123 S & SW Bedding Dark grey loam DSC09943, DSC09945,
DSC09946, DSC09948,
DSC09952, DSC09954,
DSC09955, DSC09957.
Contexts
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix VI Blackbrook House, Skenfrith
Finds Index WB/SKN/16
Find no Area Context Description Period Date

1 103 1 sherd earthenware pancheon rim 19th 20th 09/05/16
1 sherd iron glazed earthenware
1 sherd glazed earthenware
1 sherd white china plate rim with blue scalloped edge
1 sherd white china
1 sherd modern earthenware pottery
2 105 1 sherd pearlescent glazed stoneware 09/05/16
1 clay pipe stem 18th 19th
1 sherd iron glazed earthenware pot rim 19th 20th
5 sherds white china with blue design
1 sherd Mocha ware
1 sherd white china
1 shard white glass bottle base 20th 21st
3 105 1 white glass milk bottle 21st 13/05/16
1 animal skull, possibly rodent
4 105 1 sherd Cream ware 19th 13/05/16
2 sherds white china with blue decoration
1 sherd earthenware 19th 20th
5 105 3 sherds Pearl ware, 2 are rims 13/05/16
6 105 5 sherds glazed earthenware pancheon, 2 are bases 19th 20th 13/05/16
7 105 1 shard green glass 18th 19th
2 shards green/brown glass
1 shard brown glass
2 shards green glass bottle necks
1 shard green/brown glass bottle necks
1 shard glass brown glass bottle neck
1 shard green glass bottle base
1 shard green/brown glass bottle base
3 stone ware bases 27cm diameter 19th
10 sherds stoneware jar
2 sherds stoneware jar necks (refit)
2 sherds blue and white willow pattern 19th 20th
2 sherds glazed earthenware
1 sherd mocha ware
10 sherds plain earthenware
3 sherds plain earthenware bases
5 sherds plain earthenware pot rims
1 sherd white china
7 sherds white stoneware jar with light blue strip pattern
1 white cup handle
2 shards white glass 20th 21st
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix VI FINDS WB/SKN/16
DSC09497
103 1

1 103 1 sherd earthenware pancheon rim 19th 20th 09/05/16
1 sherd iron glazed earthenware
1 sherd white china plate rim with blue scalloped edge
1 sherd white china
1 sherd modern earthenware pottery
DSC09492
105 2

2 105 1 sherd pearlescent glazed stoneware 09/05/16
1 clay pipe stem 18th 19th
1 sherd iron glazed earthenware pot rim 19th 20th
5 sherds white china with blue design
1 sherd Mocha ware
1 sherd white china
1 shard white glass bottle base 20th 21st
DSC09493
105 3

3 105 1 white glass milk bottle 21st 13/05/16
1 animal skull, possibly rodent
DSC09494
105 4

4 105 1 sherd Cream ware 19th 13/05/16
2 sherds white china with blue decoration
1 sherd earthenware 19th 20th
DSC09495
105 5

5 105 3 sherds Pearl ware, 2 are rims 19th 20th 13/05/16
DSC09496
105 6

6 105 5 sherds glazed earthenware pancheon, 2 are bases 19th 20th 13/05/16

7 105 1 shard green glass 18th 19th
2 shards green/brown glass
1 shard brown glass
2 shards green glass bottle necks
1 shard green/brown glass bottle necks
1 shard glass brown glass bottle neck
1 shard green glass bottle base
1 shard green/brown glass bottle base
3 stone ware bases 27cm diameter 19th
10 sherds stoneware jar
2 sherds stoneware jar necks (refit)
2 sherds blue and white willow pattern 19th 20th
2 sherds glazed earthenware
1 sherd mocha ware
10 sherds plain earthenware
3 sherds plain earthenware bases
5 sherds plain earthenware pot rims
1 sherd white china
7 sherds white stoneware jar with light blue strip pattern
1 white cup handle
2 shards white glass 20th 21st
DSC09498
105 7a
DSC09499
105 7b
DSC09500
105 7c
DSC09501
105 7d

158: Blackbrook Manor, Skenfrith, Monmouthshire. Watching Brief

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158: Blackbrook Manor, Skenfrith, Monmouthshire. Watching Brief

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DOCUMENT NO 299 JULY 2016

ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF

Blackbrook House, Skenfrith

Monmouthshire County Council

Planning Applications: DC/2015/00978 & 00981

Prepared for: Mr & Mrs Oliver Vaughan

By: Mr A.O. Phillips.

Checked by: Dr N. Phillips.

This document comprises the report for an Archaeological Watching Brief

Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust (GGAT) advised Monmouthshire County

The surrounding area itself is known to have been of medieval occupancy.

However, there is a distinct possibility of medieval building remains, relating to an

Fig 01 Site location map.

PL 01 Removal of tree line

Appendix I HER Event records

Site Location and Description

Geology and Topography

Local environment previously dominated by rivers. (BGS).

Brief archaeological and historical background

Skenfrith Castle is thought to have originally been a wooden fort:

The map shows the configuration thus:

Aims and Objectives

The site yielded 7, small finds, assemblages amounting to:

The gradient can be seen utilised to good effect in PL22.

All finds were returned to the client.

Dr. Neil Phillips, ACIFA.

Bibliography and References:

APAC.Ltd WSI: WB/SKN/16.Written Scheme of Investigation for an Archaeological Watching

Bradney. J.A A history of Monmouthshire, The Hundred of Skenfrith, Volume 1, part 1.

Land Survey. Existing 12959D/1. July 2015.

Site Plan. Proposed P-AD 01. Rev D. July 2015.

Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Watching Brief 2014.

English Heritage 1991 Management of Archaeological Projects

GGAT MON2188/JB. RE: Erection of a single Storey Extension, Replacement of Portico,

MCC Planning Approval. DC/2015/00978

DC/2015/00978. Case Officer report Craig O Connor

Listed Building Approval. DC/2015/00981

The copyright for this report shall be retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd.

A.P.A.C. Registered Address: 36 Hatherleigh Rd, Abergavenny Monmouthshire NP7 7RG.

Fig 01: Location

Fig 02 House Footprint A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/2016

© Crown copyright and database right 2011.

FIG 03 HER map A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

Fig 05b: exposed window at depth 1.5m

FIG 06 Detailed window drawing A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

Plate 10: General view exposed [112]

Plate 21: Internal view, covered culvert

Plate 22: General view, property gardens. A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/SKN/16

HER Report 5266. Event Record

PRN NAME Event Contractor Year NGR

GGAT Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust

HER Report 5266. Core Record

PRN NAME Period Site type Status NGR

HER Report 5266. National Monuments Record

NPRN NMRWNAME TYPE PERIOD NGR

Photo no Date Camera L or P View Description Plate

Site: Black Brook Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No:

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