Paraphrasing

I. Competency/ies: The learner uses paraphrase/explains a text using one’s text (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-7)

II. Performance Standard: The learner produces a detailed abstract of information gathered from the various
academic texts.
III. Objectives:
The learner
1. identifies the features of paraphrasing; and
2. paraphrases a text with in-text citation.

TIME ALLOTMENT ACTIVITY

5minutes Motivation: RETELLING

Students will form five (5) groups.

The teacher will write sentences on the board. She will write
her own version or understanding of the sentences. Then,
each pair will try to write the sentences using their own words.

Sentences Teacher Students

paraphrase paraphrase
A monster This monster
wanted to find went looking for
some food to eat. something to eat.
A big monster Thus enormous
met a little sick monster came
cat on the road. across a tiny ill
kitten on the
path.

Processing Questions:
1. How did you rewrite the sentences?
2. What do you call this reading skill?

5 minutes Review
1. What is summarizing?
2. What are the guidelines in summarizing?
3. Why is summarizing important?
35 minutes Lesson Proper
Characteristics of Paraphrasing
1. Involves putting a passage from a source into
your own words
2. Changes the words or phrasing of a passage,
but retains and fully communicates the original
meaning
3. Must be attributed to the original source
4. Does not match the source word for word

Examples of Paraphrasing

Original Passage
Paraphrasing

What is plagiarism? In minor cases, it can be the

quotation of a sentence or two, without quotation
marks and without a citation (e.g footnote) to the
true author. In the most serious cases, a significant
fraction of the entire work was written by someone
else but the plagiarist removed the author(s),
name(s), and substitutes his/her name, perhaps did
some reformatting of the text, then submitted the
work for credit in a class (e.g., term paper or essay),
as part of the requirements for a degree (e.g., thesis
or dissertation), or as a part of published article or
book.

Reference

Standler, R.B., (2012). Plagiarism in colleges in

USA: Legal aspects of plagiarism, academic policy.
Retrived from http://www.rbs2.com/plag.pdf,p.5
Paraphrase
According to Standler (2012), plagiarism can occur
in small cases, which happens when small parts of
a passage are used without enclosing them in
quotation marks and citing the author. It can also
occur in more grave situations. In these instances,
big chunks of the original text area are used. There
are changes in the format, but the original author is
not attributed to and the work id claimed as the
plagiarist’s own and submitted to comply with
academic requirements or as a part of a material
for publication.

When to Use Paraphrasing

1. Paraphrase a short text with one or two

sentences or a paragraph with a maximum of
five sentences.
2. Paraphrase when you want to
a. Avoid or minimize direct quotation; or
b. Rewrite the author’s words by not changing
the message or use your own words to state
the author’s ideas.
Guidelines in Paraphrasing
1. Read the text ad understand its meaning.
2. Use a pen to highlight or underline the key
words or main idea of the text.
3. Recall the key words or main ideas in the text
that you highlighted when you read it.
4. Write in your own words what you understood
about the ideas in the text.
 Paraphrasing
5. Get the original text and compare it with your
paraphrase.
6. Check the meaning.
7. Check the sentence structure.
8. Refrain from adding comments about the text.
9. Compare your output to the original text to
ensure its accuracy and remove redundant
ideas,
10. Record the details of the original source,
11. Format your paraphrase properly.

Comprehension questions
1. What makes paraphrasing different from
summarizing?
2. Why do we need to paraphrase?
3. How can paraphrasing help to avoid plagiarism?

5 minutes Generalization / Synthesis

The teacher will call two-three students to wrap up the
lesson.

5 minutes Checking for Understanding

Write P if the statement is correct, otherwise N if not.

1. Paraphrasing is writing one’s understanding of

a text based using his/her words.
2. Paraphrasing is the same with summarizing.
3. Paraphrasing involves putting the main idea
into your own words, nut including only the
main points.
4. A paraphrase is always longer than a
summary.
5. Use paraphrasing when you want to avoid or
minimize direct quotations.
6. Paraphrase a text that has long sections.
7. In paraphrasing, you should copy the part of
the text that you want to use.
8. Use a pen to underline or highlight the key
words or min idea of the text.
9. You may add comments in your paraphrased
text.
10. In paraphrasing, you don’t need to check the
sentence structure.

5 Minutes Assignment
Paraphrase the given text. Don’t forget to use in-text citation.

“Academic writing is best thought as a circular process. When

you begin your writing, you first need to plan what you are
going to write. Our planning will involve reading sources such
as journal articles, books as well as attending lectures and
conferences. While reading and attending lectures, you may
Paraphrasing
want to take notes, begin to organize all your information and
to write a first draft (“Institute of Education, 2008, p.10)