Design Basis Report

Project: Residential Buildings in DLF Mallanpur , Chandigarh

Architects Architect, WAL+L

D-1065, New Friends Colony
New Delhi – 110025

Structure Consultants: RSM Engineering Consultants

H - 31, NDSE – Part 1, New Delhi.
Ph: 011 – 22163636, 46056465

“ Design Basis for the works covered under this DBR is as per bye-law, applicable norms
and codes including NB
 Design Basis Report

1. PART A : INTRODUCTION

Project Brief
This report describes in brief the Structural aspects and Design Philosophy adopted for the
proposed structure. This report also deals with considerations relating to seismic design of the
building, durability and fire resistance in addition to the structural system of the building.

The proposed structure is a residential building having Basement+GF+2 floors above. The
proposed structure is coming in Mallanpur Near Chandigarh , Punjab which comes under Zone
IV as per IS:1893.
Load on the Column varies from 30 Tons to 100 Ton approximately.

2. STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING SERVICES

2.1 Materials

Materials specified will conform to the latest edition of the relevant Indian Standard or
other accepted standard. Specifications for materials will include sampling and testing as
stipulated in the design standards. The Design life of the proposed structure is expected
to be minimum 50 years.

2.1.1 Concrete
All structural concrete shall have minimum cube crushing strength of M25 N/sq.mm at
28 days.
Plain cement concrete shall have cube crushing strength of 15 N/sq.mm (M15) at 28 days.
Different Grade of Concrete will be used depending upon the loads and moments the
structure is carrying and the exposure condition as per IS456 clause No. 8.2.2.1 and table
7.For the design purpose design Moderate Condition has been assumed for all the
members above plinth level and sever condition for all the members exposed to soil
below plinth level Following grades are proposed to be used

Concrete item Grade

Foundation M25
Columns & Walls M25
Slab, beams & Ramps M25

Poison Ratio of all concrete members shall be 0.15 Young’s

Modulus of all the concrete members shall be calculated as per IS:456
 Design Basis Report

2.1.2 Reinforcement steel

Density of the Steel considered shall be 7850 Kg/m2
Poison Ratio considered shall be 0.3
Young’s Modulus used shall be 200000MPA

All reinforcement shall be of Grade Fe500d confirm to IS: 1786 – 2008 having minimum
yield strength of 500 N/sq.mm.
It is proposed to use following diameter of Bars for different structural elements
8mm,10mm,12mm,16mm,20mm,25mm

2.2 IS STANDARDS – MATERIAL

Refer Annexure A

2.3DESIGN DATA
2.3.1 Dead Loads
Dead load shall include weight of all structural and Architectural components. Self weight of
the materials shall be calculated on the basis of unit weights given in IS: 875.
Self weight of Plain concrete : 2.4 T/M³.
Self weight of RCC : 2.5 T/M³.
Soil Density : 2.0 T/M³
Terrace Finish Without Landscaping : 0.3 T/M2 (150mm average @ 2.0t/m³)
Flooring : 0.15 T/M2 (75mm @ 2.0 t/m³)
Plastering : 0.024 T/M2(12mm @ 2.0 t/m³)
Normal Filling : @ 2 t/M³
Brick Work : 2.0 T/M³
Water density : 1.0 T/M³
Equipment loads: As per Vendor details.
Solar panel+Supporting structure : 0.1 T/m2
 Design Basis Report

2.3.2 Live Loads

The super imposed loads shall be calculated in accordance with IS: 875(Part-2) based on
occupancy classification. For multiple occupancies of use in the building shall be referred
with the other appropriate comparable occupancy classification as per Table.1 of IS
875(Part-2)-1987.
Following live loads are considered while designing the structural elements apart from
the dead loads as per BIS codes.

Bed Room : 0.2 T/M2

Kitchen : 0.2 T/M2
Corridors : 0.3 T/M2
Staircases : 0.3 T/M2
Terraces : 0.15 T/M2(accessible)+Equipment load
Toilets : 0.2 T/M2
Machine room/roof : 1.0 T/M2
Balcony : 0.3 T/m2

2.3.3. Seismic Forces

Lateral forces due to Earthquake shall be considered as per latest code IS :1893 (Part
1):2016. The value Ah will be computed using the following formula
The seismic base shear, VB, in a given direction shall be determined in accordance with the
following equation: VB= AhW
where:
VB= Total design base shear due to seismic loads

Ah= Design Horizontal Spectrum value as per Clause 6.4.2 IS:1893 (Part1):2016 of Code
using the fundamentalnatural period Ta as per clause 7.6.2(c) IS:1893 (Part1):2016of the
code in the considered direction of vibration.
W = The total dead load and applicable portions of live load loads and other loads as
listedbelow:
25% of Live loads will be taken for loading class upto 300 Kg/M 2
50% of live load will be taken for live loads greater than 300 Kg/M2
The value Ah will be computed using the following formula

ZISa
Ah 
2 Rg
Vertical Earthquake shaking has been considered as per clause 6.4.6 ,IS
1893(part 1) : 2016

Av = {(2/3)*(Z/2)*2.5}/(R/I)

Where
 Design Basis Report

Z= Zone Factor as per Table 3 of CodeIS:1893 (Part1):2016 for Zone IV = 0.24

I = Importance Factor taken as 1.2as per Table 8 of CodeIS:1893 (Part1):2016
R = Response reduction factor taken as 5.0 for Ductile shear wall with SMRF as per
Table 9IS:1893 (Part1):2016
Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient for medium soil
= 1+15T for Time period between 0.0 to 0.1 sec.
= 2.50 for Time period between 0.1 to 0.55 sec
= 1.36/T for Time period between 0.55 sec.to 4.0 sec.
Damping of the structure shall be taken as 5% of the critical damping as per 7.2.4
Since brick wall modeling has not been done, minimum time period as per clause No.
7.6.2(c) of IS :1893 (Part 1):2016. for the brick infill structure is used.

Where:

h = Building height from the base or podium

d= base width of building tower in the direction of movement

Dynamic analysis shall be performed using design spectrum specified in 7.7 in IS

1893:2016.In dynamic analysis it will be ensured to have sufficient number of modes to
achieve a minimum 90% modal mass participation in principal directions of the
buildings.
Design base shear calculated by modal analysis with response spectrum will be enhanced
as per clause 7.6.1 in IS:1893 (Part1):2016. In this building there is a provision of Stilt
level for car parking which may create the soft storey condition in the structure. All
provisions as per Clause No 7.10.3IS:1893 (Part1):2016 ..will be taken into account in
design .
The design base shear VB willbe distributed along the height of the building as per the
following formula for seismic coefficient method.

2
Wi H i
Qi  Vb


n
2
WjH j
j 1

Where
Qi = Design lateral force at floor i
Wi=Seismic Weight of floor i
Hi=Height of floori measured from base
n = Number of levels in the building where seismic weight is assumed as lumped

2.3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS,

Corrosion and Fire protection for concrete and structural steel
1. Environment: Moderate
 Design Basis Report

2. Exposure conditions: All Concrete surfaces are assumed to be sheltered from severe rain
or freezing whilst wet environment. Concrete Grade, Minimum cement content and
water cement ratio for Moderate condition as per Clause 8.2.2.1 and Table 5 of IS:456-
2000 has been considered.
3. Fire protection: All the structural elements of proposed structure willbe designed for
minimum 2 hours fire rating. Thickness of the structural elements as per table 15, 16 &
16A clause 26.4 of IS 456-2000. Minimum grade of concrete of for Moderate exposure
will be M25.

Clear Cover to Main Reinf.of Beams : 30mm

Clear Cover to Column Reinforcement : 40 mm
Clear Cover to Slab Reinf : 25 mm
Clear Cover to Retaining Walls and other U.G.
Structures(Inside) : 40 mm
Clear Cover to Main reinforcement in Foundation : 50 mm
Clear Cover to Main reinforcement in Overhead : 40 mm
Water tank

Minimum Column dimension as per latest IS13920:2016 shall be 300mm or

20 times the largest diameter of the beam bar passing through the column,
whichever is more. As it is a residential project of G+2 stories having
columns places at regular spacing varies from 3.0 meter to 4.5 meter ,we will
use maximum 16 dia bars in the beams. So as per code minimum column
dimesion should be 320 mm which is very odd so we are deviating a bit from
the code and using a minimum column dimesnion of 300 mm but designing
all the culumns for all critical load cases.

2.3.5 Expansion Temperature and shrinkage effect

Horizontal floor displacement due to differential temperatures and shrinkage is of

importance in long concrete buildings. It can be taken care of by either providing
expansion joints at an appropriate spacing or designing structural members for the
additional moments caused by the temperature and shrinkage effects. Pour strips at
suitable locations shall also be considered where ever required.
2.3.6 Temperature Loads
The effect of temperature will be considered wherever applicable in accordance with
relevant Indian Codes.
The coefficient for thermal expansion and contraction will be in accordance with IS: 456
and IS: 800 for concrete and steel respectively.

3.0. DESIGN STANDARDS

 Design Basis Report

Specific applicable codes and standards will be identified and adopted in the design
philosophies as appropriate to the structural elements. The latest editions of the Codes
and Standards will be used in designs. All design work shall be based on Indian Standards
and Codes with latest revision, with amendments if any, as on date

1. SP: 16 – 1980: Design aid for reinforced concrete to IS 456.

2. IS: 1786-2008: Specification for high strength deformed steel bars and wires for
concrete Reinforcement.
3. IS: 12269: Ordinary Portland cement 53 grade.
4. IS: 875 (part 1)-1987: Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures - unit weights of buildings materials and stored material.
5. IS: 875 (part 2)-1987: Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures – imposed.
6. IS: 875 (part 3)-1987: Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures - wind loads.
7. IS: 875 (part 5)-1987: Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures - special loads and load combinations.
8. IS: 456-2000: Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete.
9. IS: 1893 part 1– 2016: Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures (part-1
general provisions and buildings).
10. IS: 4326 -1993: Code of practice for earthquake resistant design and construction of
buildings.
11. IS: 13920-2016: Ductile Design and detailing of reinforced concrete structures
subjected to seismic forces.
12. IS: 2751: Code of practice for welding of mild steel bars used for reinforced concrete
construction
13. IS: SP 34-1987: Handbook on concrete reinforcement and detailing.
14. IS: 800 – 2007 : Code of practice in general construction in Steel
15. IS: 1904 – 1986: Code of practice for structural safety of building foundations.
Wherever appropriate Indian Regulation does not exist for any particular item,
appropriate British standards will be used.

4.0 STRUCTURAL CONCEPT

The structure system of the project consists of conventional cast-in-situ Moment resistant
RCC framed structure to support all vertical as well as horizontal loads.Conventional Clay
brick work of 230mm/115 mm will be used for constructing external and internal walls
as per architectural requirement .

5.0. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

5.1. General
All R.C.C structures shall be designed according to the Limit State Method as specified in
IS: 456 – 2000. Typically a structure model consists of various structural elements like
 Design Basis Report

columns, beams slabs, walls etc. ETABS offers frame elements for modeling beams and
columns, four node finite element for modeling slabs and walls. For the proposed
buildings only those structural elements will be modeled which possess sufficient
stiffness and ductility. For modeling beams and columns frame elements are used. In this
model all the slabs are resting directly on the beams and all the loads from slab is
distributed on the supporting beams as triangular or trapezoidal loads. The membrane
type slab element has been used which does not have any bending stiffness. The rigid
diaphragm option is used to reduce the size of the problem. By using rigid diaphragm
options we will get the centre of mass and centre of eccentricity of each floor which gives
us the idea of eccentricity on each floor.
P-Delta analysis shall be performed with reduced beam, column as per IS 1893:2016
code. The main advantage of this would be to avoid the necessity of computing effective
length factors of columns.
The seismic aspects are accounted for as per Indian code IS :1893-2016(Part1): . These
guidelines require that the building should be designed for load applied horizontally at
each floor level as per the relevant clauses of IS 1893(Part1):-2016 and as explained
above. The seismic forces are distributed over the height of the building as detailed in
IS:1893 (Part1):2016.
Design of beam and columns will be done as per the clauses of IS:456. Beams are
designed for Bending moment, shear force and torsion. Columns are designed for axial
forces and biaxial moments. In column design minimum eccentricity moments are
checked and additional moments are automatically added by a P-Delta analysis and hence
slenderness of columns and walls will be accounted. Plastic moments and plastic shear
forces are calculated as per IS-13920:2016 and proper ductile detailing is done as per IS-
13920:2016.
The slab is analyzed and designed as two-way and one way slabs.

5.2. Deflection Limits

For Reinforced concrete works:
Limiting values of deflection (Short and Long term) as per clause 35.3 of IS: 456-2000 is
followed in the design.
Limiting value for short term deflection is considered as span/250 and for the long term
deflection is considered as span/350 or 20mm whichever less as per IS 456 – 2000.
As per IS 1893 (Part1):2016, Storey drift in any storey due to minimum specified design
seismic lateral force shall not exceed 0.004 (i.e. Height/250) times the storey height
design.
Lateral sway due to wind load should not exceed H/500 (H is the total height of
structure).

5.3. Cracking Limits

 Design Basis Report

Limiting values of crack width as per clause 35.3 of IS: 456-2000 is followed in the design.
In general for slabs and beams and columns, the crack width is limited to 0.3mm.
For water retaining structures and structure contact with soil, crack width is limited to
0.2mm.

5.4. Load Combinations

The various loads are combined in accordance with the stipulations in IS: 875 (Part 5)-
1987; whichever combination produces the most unfavorable effect in the building
foundation or structural member concerned has been adopted.

1.5*DL+1.5*LL
1.2[DL+LL±(ELX]
1.2[DL+LL±(ELY]
1.5[DL±(ELX]
1.5[DL±(ELY]
0.9DL±1.5(ELX]
0.9DL±1.5(ELY]

Service load
1.0*DL+1.0*LL
1.0*DL+1.0*EQL/WL
1.0*DL+0.8*LL+0.8*EQL/WL
Where DL= Dead Loads; LL= Live Loads; EQL= Earthquake Loads
Earthquake loads are considered for both X & Y directions. Whenever imposed load is
combined with earthquake load, the appropriate part of imposed load as specified in IS:
1893-2016 Clause 7.3.1 of seismic code will be used both for evaluating earthquake effect
and for combined load effects used in such combination.

6.0 SOIL DATA

As per the soil report Net SBC and Gross SBC as per the soil report is 13.1 T/m2 amd 15.1
T/m2 respectively. Isolated and combined footing system has been used for this structure.
The analysis and design of the raft foundation has been done in SAFE (Slab Analysis by
Finite Element) software by CSI.
 Design Basis Report

Annexure A

1. IS: 269 - 1989: Specification for Ordinary, rapid hardening and low heat Portland
cement.
2. IS: 455 - 1989: Specification for Portland blast furnace slag cement.
3. IS: 1489 – 1991: Specification for Portland puzzolana cement
4. IS: 4031 - 1991: Method of physical tests for Portland cement.
5. IS: 383 - 1970: Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for
concrete.
6. IS: 516 -1959: Method of test for strength of concrete.
7. IS: 1199 -1959: Method of sampling and analysis of concrete.
8. IS: 432 -1982: Specification for mild steel and medium tensile steel bars and hard
drawn steel wire for concrete reinforcement
9. IS: 1139: Specification for hot rolled mild steel and Medium tensile steel deformed bars
for concrete reinforcement.
10.IS: 1566 -1982: Specification for plain hard drawn steel wire fabric for concrete
reinforcement.
11. IS: 1786 -1985: Specification for high tensile bars for concrete reinforcement.
12. IS: 4990 -1993: Specification for plywood for concrete shuttering works.
13. IS: 2645 -1975: Specification for integral cement water proofing compounds