Exercise No.

PUMP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

The heart of most irrigation systems is a pump. To make an irrigation system as

efficient as possible, the pump must be selected to match the requirements of the
water source, the water distribution system and the irrigation equipment. In
medium-to-large facilities, pumping stations are usually separate buildings. In small
systems, while they can be separate buildings, they are normally associated with
the treatment plant, watering point, or other building. Identifying the characteristics
of the water source is vital for the quality of irrigation. Different water sources must
of course be managed differently. The performance of the pump relies heavily on a
systematic analysis of the water source and making the proper selection of
equipment.

Assumptions

 The capacity of the pump will be based on the water requirement of

diversified crops of 3.5 mm/day with an area of 15 ha.
 The source of water is river with unlimited supply throughout the year.
 The farm is located about 1 km from the source with difference of elevation of
45 m. The elevation of pumping station is 700 m above sea level.
 It is intended that the water be delivered to the reservoir located at the
highest level on the farm by delivery pipe. The distribution and application
from the reservoir to the farm will be done by gravity.
 Assume 2 cropping season per year.
 Interest on capital investment is 21% of the initial cost.
 Maintenance cost is 15% of the initial cost.
 Insurance is 65% of the initial cost.
 Labor cost is Php 350.00/day.
 Assume seepage and conveyance loss of 23% of water requirement,
evaporation loss of 19% of water requirement.
 Assume all other data with justification.

Requirements

Determine the size of reservoir.

Make a complete working drawing of the entire set-up. Label all parts
indicating all dimensions, sizes, and specifications.
Compute the bill of materials and cost estimate of the whole installation.
 annual water requirement= ( 3.5daymm )( 6cropping
months 30 days
)( month ) ( 50 ha) ( 2 croppings)
annual water requirement=18,900 mm ∙ ha

seepage∧conveyanceloss=0.23 ( 18,900 mm ∙ha )

seepage ∧conveyance loss=4,347 mm ∙ ha

evaporation loss=0.19 ( 18,900 mm ∙ ha )

evaporation loss=3,591mm ∙ ha

water required=annual water requirement−storage losses

water required=18,900 mm ∙ ha−( 4,347 mm ∙ha+ 3,591mm ∙ ha )

10,000 m 2
water required=
( 10,962mm ∙ ha ) (m
1,000 mm ha )( )
year
3 3
m m
water required=109,620 ≈ 300
year day

assume 7 days of water impoundment

(
volume= 300
m
day )
( 7 days )

volume=2,100 m3

assume 8 m head and a square-shaped reservoir

 volume
area=
head

3
2,100 m
area=
8m

area=262.5 m2

s= √ area

s= √ 262.5 m2

s=16.2 m

consider 15% freeboard to its impoundment and to the head of water

h=0.15 ( 8 m)

h=1.15 ( 8 m )

h=9.2 m

therefore, the reservoir has a dimension of 16.2 m x 16.2 m x 9.2 m

cost of construction for 1 m strip of reservoir

vertical wall=( 3 ) ( 12 ) +14=50

slant wall=( 3 ) ( 16 ) +5=53

beam=( 3 ) ( 6 ) +6=24

foundation=( 3 ) ( 10 ) +10 ( 2 )=50

total number of reinforcement ¯

¿ 177

1 pc of bar = 10 m ≈ 18 pcs
no. of concrete blocks

surface area cover=( 15 m ) (1 )+ (15 m ) ( 1 )

2
surface area cover=30 m

surface area=( 40 cm) ( 20 cm )

2 2
surface area=800 cm ≈ 0.08 m

30 m2
number of hollow blocks=
0.08 m2

number of hollow blocks=375 pcs

volume of sand to be used

thickness = 2 cm

volume=( 1 ) ( 30 ) ( 0.02 ) + ( 1 )( 15 )( 0.02 ) + ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 0.02 )

3
v olume=0.96 m

volume of gravel to be used

consider 25% shrinkage

volume=( 9.5 )( 2 ) ( 1 ) + ( 11 )( 3 ) + ( 30 ) ( 12 ) ( 0.1) ( 12 )+ (30 ) ( 12 )( 0.1)( 1 3)

volume=89.5+ 0.25 ( 89.5 )

3
volume=111.9 m ≈ 12 truck load

bags of cement to be used

1 bag of cement for every m3 of gravel

volume=( 2 ) ( 9.5 ) + ( 0.5 )( 3 )+ (30 ) ( 12 )( 0.1)( 12) +( 30) ( 12 ) ( 0.1) ( 13)

volume=58 m3

therefore, use 58 bags of cement for 1 unit strip