MI

oBCE-MS FOR PRACTICE

1. Give an example of a physical quantity which:
has neither unit nor direction
has direction but not a vector
can be either a scalar or a vector
is neither a scalar nor a vector
[Ans. (a) refractive index, (b) pressure, (c) angular
S
displacement, (d) moment of inertia]
-4 —> A
2. What are the properties of two vectors A and B such that: Fig. 3.43
—>
A+ B = C and A + B = C
(b) the change in the magnitude of the momentum of the
A+ B = C and A 2 + B 2 = C 2 object.
[Ans. (a) parallel (A = 00 ), (b) perpendicular (A = 900)] [Ans. (a) 300‘h kg m/s, (b) zero]
3. Can the resultant be zero in case of: ,8. A body is moving uniformly on a circle with speed v. Find "
two unequal vectors the magnitude of change in its velocity when, it has turned
three coplanar vectors an angle O.
three non-coplanar vectors [Ans. 2v sin (0/ 2)]
[Ans. (a) No, (b) Yes, (c) No]
Why do use express the laws of physics in vector form?
4. Under what condition: Explain.
resultant of two vectors will be zero
sum of two vectors is equal to their difference If A = 3 i'+ 4 j and B = 7i + 241 . Find a vector having the
the magnitude of sum of two vectors is equal to the
magnitude of difference betWeen them same magnitude as that of B but parallel to A.
[Ans. (a) If the vectors are equal and opposite, (b) if one of [Ans. 151+20h
the vectors is a null vector, (c) if the vectors are What is the condition that. two non-zero vectors are (a)
orthogonal] orthogonal and (b) collinear?
5. State whether the following statements are true or ,false —) -4
[Ans. (a) A • B = 0 and (b) A x B = 0]
giving reason in brief:
A „
As addition of vectors is commutative so subtraction If :A= 2i+j-3k, B=1-2)+k and C.—i+j-4k,
must also be —) -4
Component of a vector perpendicular to itself is zero calculate (i) A • (B x C), (ii) C - (A x B), (iii) A x (B x C)
Angle between two vectors can never be greater than 180° [Ans: (i) 20, (ii) 20, (iii) (81 —19j — )1
A vector cannot be divided by a vector „
[Ans. (a) False, (b) True, (c) True, (d) True] Two constant forces F1 = (2 i + 3 j + 3 k ) newton and
6. A room has dimensions 3 mx4 mx 5 m. A fly starting at one A e%

F2 = (Si — 6j — 2 k) newton act together on a particle during

corner ends up at the diametrically opposite corner.
What is the magnitude °fits displacement? its displacement from the position (201 +15j) m to 8 k m.
Could the length of its path be less than this distance?
Calculate the work done.
Choosing a suitable coordinate system find the position
[Ans. —87 joule]
vector.
-> A A

If the fly does not fly but walks, what is the length of the Find the moment of force F =i+j+k acting at point
shortest path it can take? (-2, 3, 4) about the point (1, 2, 3).
[Ans. (a) Jo 7 m, (b) Never, (c) -4r = 31+ + 5 , [Ans. 4 (i — )]
(d) 3+ V4:1 = 9.4 m] Compute the force (in vector notation) on an electron7
- --
7. A 5 kg object with speed of 30 m/s strikes a steel plate at an moving with velocity v = 2.5x 106 1 m/s in a magnetic field
angle of 45° and rebounds at the same speed and same .angle -0 A
' (Fig. 3.43). Calculate = (101— 6k )x 102 Wb/m2 if charge on an clectron,,
(a) the magnitude of the change in momentum of the object e= 1.6 x 10-19 coulomb.
and
[Ans. F = 2.4 x 10-16 j newton]
 16. The particle of mass ni
is projected at t = 0 from a point 0 on
the ground with speed vo at an angle 450 [Ans. (a) Due north (i. e,.1
to the horizontal as to flow) (b) 30° west of north or
shown in Fig. 3.44. Compute the magnitude and direction of at an angle 30° + 90° = 1200 from the direction' of
the angular momentum of the particle about the point 0 at flow.]
position: The width of a river is 25 m and in it water is flowing with a
->
r = (0.7v2 / g )1:+ (0.2v2 /g) 1 velocity of 4 m/min. A boatman is standing on the bank of
0 0 the river. He wants to sail the boat to a point at the other bank
which is directly opposite to him. In what time will he cross
the river, if he can sail the boat at 8 m/rnin. relative to the
water?
[Ans. 3.6 minute]
->
-->
Given that A = 3 i + 4 j + 5 k. Find B such that B • A -= 38

Fig. 3.44 and BxA=- i +2j-k.

when the velocity of the particle is, [Ans. B = 2i +3 j+ 4 lc' ]

->
v = (0.7v0 )i - (0.3v 0 ) A particle moves such that x = 2t 3 +t+ 8, y =
t 2 +t+ 3 and
[Ans. Magnitude = 0.35 mv 03 1 g z = 3sin itt where x, y, z
and direction along are in metres and t in seconds.
Calculate the acceleration of the particle at t = 3 second.
negative z-axis]
fAns. (36 i +2 j )m/s 2 ]
A river flows at 3 rigs and is 300 m wide. A man swims
across the river with a velocity of 2 m/s directed always A particle starts from rest at the origin with a constant
acceleration
perpendicular to the flow of current. (a) How long does it
take the man to cross the river? (b) In what direction does he =(21+ 8j- 6k)m/s 2
actually move relative to the shore? (c) How far down the
Calculate the position of the particle at t = 5 second.
river (from the starting point) does he reach the opposite
bank? [Ans. 251+100j- 75ft]

[Ans. (a) 150 s, (b) tan -1 (2/3), (c) I soh m] A particle moves along elliptical path given by
-4
A river is flowing from west to east at a speed of 5 m/s. A r = a cos cot + b sin cot
man on the south bank of the river capable of swimming at
10 m/s in still water, wants to swim across the river (a) in the Calculate (i) radial component of acceleration ( a
r)
shortest time and 03) along the shortest path._ In which
(ii) transverse component of acceleration (a o ).
direction should he swim?
-4
[Ans. a r = - r and a 8 = 0]

Hints at Solutions
PROBLEMS FOR PRACTICE
1. (a) Relative density or refractive index. -9-9 -4
Electric current or pressure. (b) A+ B = C
Angular displacement. For perpendicular vectors i.e., 0 = 90°
Stress or moment of inertia.
-> -> I CI= A 2 +B 2 +2ABcos 90°
2. (a) A+ B = C
For parallel vectors i.e., 0= 00
C 2 =A 2 +B 2
ICI= A/A 2 +B2 + 2ABcos 0 A 2 +B2 =
C= + B2 +2AB cos 0° 3. (a) No,
C= B)2 ->
,„ Let two vectors be A and
B and they are in opposite
C=A+B direction, then
A+BC
+ 2 +2AB cos 180°

-
 2
= A +B 2 —2AB (a)

=1j(A—B)2 = A — B
And, A —B is only zero if A = B.
Yes, Pi = 150N-s 150N-s = Pf
If magnitude of sum of two vectors is equal to magnitude of
third vector and direction of resultant of sum, of two vectors
is opposite to third one. Fig. 3.46
No, because cos 90° = 0.
4. (a) If the vectors are equal and opposite.
1Pil=1Pf1=P (say)
If one of the vector is a null vector.
—> -4
If the vectors are perpendicular to each other. IAPI=P-Nri (: PI -I- P2 )
5. (a) False,
„ (b) 1Pi1=1Pfl
Let, A = x1 i + yi j and B = x2 i + y2 j
-4 -4 -9 -9 6.11)j= 0
then, A+B=B+A= (xi +x2 )1 +(y + y2 ) j
Let v1 be initial velocity and v 2 be final velocity after body
-4 ->
But, A — B = (xi —x2 )i -f(Y1 — Y2)i turned to angle 0, then as in Fig. 3.47 given below,
---) —>
II.. vI=1v2 — viI
and B —A =(x2 — xi )i +0'2
= v2 = (Uniform circular motion)
So, A—B*B—A
True.
True,
Because angle between two vectors is represented by the
smaller of the two angles between the vectors so, it can't be
more than 180°.
True, Because it is undefined.
6. (a) Magnitude of its displacement = diagonal of cuboid. Fig. 3.47
=11/2 +b2 +h 2 m
= V32 + 4 2 + 52 m No,.
Au = Vvi L) + 2.1) 1 v2 cos 0

= 151) m = 7 m =1/21)2 + 2v 2 cos°

Never, because diagonal is. shortest distance between = V2v2 (1—cos e)
corner ends.
Taking initial point as origin position vector of fly is = Al2v2 x 2sin 2 —
0
2
31+4+5
= 2vsin —
.2
(i) The laws can be expressed in compact form, (ii) the
mathematical derivation gets simplified, and (iii) the laws
expressed in vector form remain invariant under translation
and rotation of a coordinate system.
A ,=-3i+4j
3 -4
Fig. 3.45 B'= 7i+24j

(d) Length-of shortest path = 3 m-1-1,152 42. m Let C parallel to A and its magnitude is equal to B, then

= 3m 441 m C=xi+yj (s
= 3 m + 9.1 m x y
Also, _=_
= 9.4m 3 4
 3 -> -) AA
x -y •• • (1) r = r2 - = -3i + j+k
4
-5-4-9
) Moment of force = =rxF
Now, ICI= 13
= (1-1)i- + (-3- 1)
+ y2 = V242 +72
= -4j+ 4k.
+y 2 =25 -4 -5-3
16 15. F=q(vxB)
5 2 = q[(2.5x 106 )i x (10x 102 )i- (6 x 102 )1^(]1•1
y =25
16 =1.6x10-19 x 15x108 N
y =25 = 2.4 x10-1C/N
4 300
y= 20 17. (a) = — =150s
2
3 (Here 2 is _L a' velocity to the river.)
Now, x = - y =15
4
-)
So, C=151+20j
(a) A•B=0
--) A V, = 2M/S
IAIIBICOS90°=-0
4 -4
(b) AxB= 0
Al I Bisin 0°= 0
-> -) Fig. 3.48
(i) AJB x C)= A.[(8-1)1 - (-4 +1)j+ (1- 2)k] 2
tan 0 = -
=(21+j-3k).(71+33-1C)=20 3
-4 -4 -4 -4 •
C • (A x B)= C-[(6- 1)i -(2+ 3)j + (-4 -1)k] 0 = tan -1 -2
3
=(-1+j-4k)-(5i-5j-5k)=20 x= v,. x t = 3x 150= 450m
4 4 -4 -4-5 -4 -5-4 -4 18. (a) For shortest time to cross the river.
(iii) A x(B xC)=(A•C)B-(A•13).0 Man swim 1ar to flow (i.e., in north).
(11)B -(3)C =(11i - 221-F11k)-(31 - 3j+12ii) (b) Drift= (vscos 0 + )t
0= (vscos 0 + ',.)t
= 8i - 19j
-4 = cos 0
13. F1 =2i+3j+3k us
A 1
F2 =5i-6j-2k. = cos 0
2
AAA
=120°
Fnet = 7 i - 3.i+k . 25
A • 19. Time = = 3.6min
=20i+15j r2 =8k -448
A
net =-20i -7 15+8
4
Work done= (Fnet (m et) = - 87 joule
-)
14. F=i+j+k

Let r2 =(-2i + 3j+ 4k)

-) A
=(i + 2j+ 3k )
Fig. 3.49

-
(B•A)•A Ax (B xA) • d2 x -
= 12ti,
--4 dt 2
A •A A •A
d 2 y = 2j
38•A+31+4j+5kx(-1+2^j —1C) dt 2
50 t = 3sec
38.(3I+4j+51)4-(-14i--, 4 +101C) n = 36
50 y=2
=A+3j—.41i 361+2]
x=2t 3 +t+8 ••• (i)
y = t 2 +t+3
z = 3sin nt ...(iii)
 ORRE 31+ 4j + sk. Here k is along the normal to the plane mirror
-4 -> and facing towards the object. The velocity of the image is:
- then angle between 2 a
If the angle between a and b is 7c, (a) -3i - 4j + (b) 3i+ 4j+11k
3
(c) =Lli+ 5j+ 11k (d) 7i + 9j + 3k
and -3 b is:
(b) 2rt / 3 Angle between the vectors (i + j) and (j+ k) is:
(a) n / 3
(c) it / 6 (d) 5rt / 3 (a) 600 (b) 90°
-) (c) 180° (d) 0°
If a and b are two unit vectors such that a + 2 b and -4 -9 --4
-9 -9 A parallelogram is formed with a and b as the sides let di
5 a -4 b are perpendicular to each other, then the angle
-) -4
between a and b is: and ti; be the diagonals of the parallelogram, then
TE a 2 +b2 =
(a) - (b)
4 3
(a) ((d ±d)
-1
(c) cos' (-) (d) cos 2
3
-4-3
2
(c) di +4
3. Vector a is perpendicular to b, components of a - b along -> -4
-4-9 11. If two non-parallel vectors A and B are equal in magnitude,
a+ b will be : -4 -4 -)
(a) zero (b) a - b then vectors (A - B) and (A + B) will be:
2
a —b 2 (a) parallel to each other
(c) (d) 11 a 2 +b2 (b)parallel but oppositely directed
a 2 +b 2 perpendicular to each other
-> --9
4. If AxB=C+ D, then select the correct alternative: inclined at an angle 0 always less than 90°
-9 12. If the vectors (i + j + k) and 31 form two sides of a triangle,
B is parallel to C + D then area of triangle is :
-9
A is perpendicular to C (a) (b)
(c)3/'[ (d) 315
Component of C along A = Component of D along A
13. The value ofp so that vectors (2 i - j + ),(1+ 2j- 3 k ) and
(d) Component of C along A = - Component of D along A (31+ p j +5 k ) are coplanar should be:
-4 -4
5. If a 1 and a 2 are two non-collinear unit vectors and if (a) 16 (b) - 4
(c) 4 (d) - 8
I a + a2 I =1., then the value of (a l - a2 )- (2a + a 2 ) is : -4-4
14. The vector sum of three vectors A, B and C is zero. If i and j
(a) 2 (b) 3/2 -)
(c) 1/2 (d) 1 are the unit vectors in the directions of A and B respectively,
6. A ray of light is incident on a' plane mirror along, a vector then
I +1- k. The normal on incidence point is along i ± j. The
unit vector along the reflected ray is: C is in the plane of 1-and j
-9
j+k) C is along i x j

C is along i
(d) (i + j - k)
V3 C is along j
A body is moving uniformly on a circle with speed v. Find -9
the magnitude of change in its velocity when it has turned an 15. Three forces F1 = (3i + 2j - k), F2 = (31 + 4j -5k) and
angle O.
(a) 2v sin 0 (b) 2usin (0 / 2) ,F3 = a (i + j - k) act simultaneously on a particle. In order
(c) 2v cos (0/ 2) (d) ,r2usin (0 / 2) that the particle may be in equilibrium, the value of 'a' is:
A plane mirror is moving with velocity 41 + 5j + 8k. A point (a) -6 (b) 6
object in front of the mirror moves with a velocity (c) 9 (d) -9
 16. For the Fig. 3.50: -9 -9 -9 -9 -) -9
27. Two vectors A and B are such that A + BI=IA - BI , Th
A+ B = C
-> -9 -9 -> ->
B+C=A angle between the vectors A and B is:
-9 -> -> (a) 0 (b) ic /3
A (c) rt/ 2
C+ A = R (d)it
-9-9-9 Fig. 330
28. For the resultant of two vectors to be maximum, what mus
A+ B+ C = 0 be the angle between them?
17. A vector may change if: (a) 00 (b) 60°
frame of reference is translated (c) 90° (d) 180°
frame of reference is rotated
29. Minimum number of unequal coplanar forces whose vectoi
vector is translated parallel to itself sum can be equal to zero is:
vector is rotated (a) two (b) three
18. When two vectors A and B of magnitudes a and b are added, (c) four (d) any
the magnitude of the resultant vector is always: -4
30. Two vectors A and B lie in a plane, a third 'vcclok C :ies
(a) equal to (a + b) (b) less than (a + b) --> ->
(c) greater than (a + b) (d) not greater than (a + b) outside this plane, then the sum of these vectors A + B + C:
19. The rectangular components of force of 5 dyne are: can be zero
(a) 1 and 2 dyne (b) 2 and 3 dyne can never be zero
(c) 3 and 4 dyne (d) 2.5 and 2.5 dyne ->
lies in a plane containing A + B
20. To get a resultant displacement of 10 m, two displacement
vectors, one of magnitude 6 m and another of 8 m, should be lies in a plane containing A - B
combined:
(a) parallel 31. Two forces of magnitude 7 newton and 5 newton act on a
(b) anti-parallel
(c) at an angle 600 particle at an angle 0 to each other; 0 can have any value. The
(d) perpendicular to each
-3-9 minimum magnitude of the resultant force is:
21. If the magnitudes of vectors A, Band C are 12, 5 and 13 (a) 5 newton (b) 8 newton
--+ (c) 12 newton (d) 2 newton
units respectively and A+ B = C, the angle between vectors 32. Two forces of 4 dyne and 3 dyne act upon a body. The
-9
A and B is: resultant force on the body can only be:
(a) 0 (b) it (c) it /2 (a) more than 3 dyne (b) more than 4 dyne
(d) it /4
(c) between 3 and 4 dyne (d) between 1 and 7 dyne
22. If A = B+ C and the magnitudes of A, B and C are 5,4 and 33. A force of 6 kg and another of 8 kg can be applied together
to produce the effect of a single force of:
3 units respectively, the angle between A.and C is: (a) 1 kg (b) 11 kg
(a) cos -1 (3/5) (b) cos -1 (4/5) - (c) 15 kg (d) 20 kg
(c) / 2 (d) sin -I (3/4) 34. Out of the following the resultant of which cannot be 4
23. If two waves of same frequency and same amplitude newton? •
respectively on superposition produce a resultant wave of (a) 2 N and 2 N (b) 2 N and 4 N
the same amplitude, the waves differ in phase by: (c) 2 N and 6 N (d) 2 N and 8 N
(a) zero (b) Tri4 35. In case of three vector quantities of same type, whose
(c) it/3 (d) 2/c/3 resultant cannot be zero?
-9 -9 , -9 -9 (a) 10, 10, 10 (b) 10, 10,20
24. The angle between (Ax B ), and ( B x A )-is : (c) 10, 20, 20 (d) 10, 20, 40
(a) zero (b) it 36. Five equal forces of 10 N each are applied at one point and
(C)r./4 (d) ir/2 all are lying in one plane. If the angles between them are
The resultant of two equal forces is double of either of the equal, the resultant of these forces will be:
forces. The angle between them is: (a) zero (b) 10 N
(a) 120° (b) 900 (c) 20 N (d) 1chri N
(c) 60° (d) 00 ->
37. If fi is a unit vector in the direction of the vector A, then:
The resultant of two forces acting at an angle of 150° is 10 -> -> - --->
kg wt, and is perpendicular to one of the forces. The smaller (a) = A /I Al (b) = A IAI
force is: --+ -9 -4
(C) =1AI/A (d)fi= nxn
(a) 101§ kg wt (b) 20,5 kg wt
(c) 20 kg wt (d) (200) kg wt 38. An aeroplane is moving in a circular path with a speed 250
km/hr; what is the change in velocity in half revolution?
 (a) 4i+31 (b) 7k
(a) 500 km/hr (b) 250 km/hr
(d) Zero (c)61 (d) 3i- 4j
(c) 125 km/hr
A truck travelling due north at 50 km/hr turns west and The angle between the two vectors -21+31 + k and
travels at the same speed. What is the change in velocity? - s:
k
1+2)+4i
(a) 50 km/hr north-West (b) 50,h km/hr north-west
(a) 0°
(c) 50 km/hr south-west (d) km/hr south-west (c) 180° (d) None of these,„
A boat which has a speed of 5 km/hr in still water crosses a The angle between the vectors (1+1) and (j+ k ) is:
river of width 1 km along the shortest possible path in 15 (a) 90° (b) 180°
minute. The velocity of the water in km/hr is: (c) 0° (d) 60°
1 (b) 3 A body constrained to move in y-direction is subjected to a
(c) 4 (d)JI
force given by -F = (-2i +151+ 611 ) N. What is the work
A river is flowing from west to east at a speed of 5 m/minute.
done by this force in moving the body through a distance of
A man on the south bank of the river, capable of swimming
10 m along y-axis?
at 10 m/minute in still water, wants to swim across the river (b) 160 J
(a) 190 J
in the shortest time. He should swim in a direction: (d) 20 J
(b) 30° east of north (c) 150J
(a) due north
(c) 30° west of north (d) 60° east of north F1 is along the positive x-axis. If its vector product
A vector -
I started walking down a road to day-break facing the sun.
After walking for some time, I turned to my left, then I with another vector F2 is zero, then F2 could be:
turned to the right once again. In which direction was I (a) 41 (b) -(11;,1)
going then? (c) (j+ ii) (d) - (4 i)
(a) East (b) North-west „
(c) North-east (d) South 54. What is the torque of the force F = (21 - 3j+ 4 k )N acting
A man travels 1 mile due east, then 5 mile due south, then 2 -* „ „
mile due east andftnally 9 mile due north; how far is he from at the point r = (3 i + 2 j+3k)m about the origin?
the starting point? (a) 6i-61+12k (b) 171 - 6]-13k
(a) 3 mile (b) 5 mile (c) -6i+ 61-12i (d) -171+ 61+13k
(c) 4 mile (d) Between 5 and 9 mile
55. The position vector of a particle is
I walked 4 mile, turned to my left and walked 6 mile, then
turned to my right again and walked 4 mile. Which of the r = (a cos cot )i + (a sin cot )j
choice mentions the distance from the starting point to the The velocity of the particle is:
place where I stopped? parallel to position vector
(a) 15 mile (b) 10 mile
perpendicular to position 'vector
(c) 20 mile (d) 14 mile
directed towards the origin
A person moves 30 m north, then 20 m east, then 30,h in directed away from the origin
south- west. His displacement from the original position is: 56. The angle made by the vector 4 i - 3 j +5k with z-axis is:
(a) 14 m south-west 41$) 28 m south (b) 45°
(d) 15 m east (a) 30°
(c) 10 m west (c) 90° (d) 120°
„ -4 --> -4 -)
A force F = 6i - 8 j + 10k newton produces an acceleration 57. Three vectors A, B and C satisfy the relation A • B = 0 and
of 1 m/s 2 in a body. The mass of body would be: A • C = 0. The vector A is parallel to:
(a) 200 kg (b) 20 kg
(c) 10/2" kg (d) 6,[2- kg (b) C
„ (a) B
-->
The angle that the vector A = 2i+ 3 j makes with y-axis is: (C) B • C (d) B x C
(a) tan -1 (3/2) (b) tan' (2/3) The resultant of two forces, one double the other in
(c) sin '(2/3) (d) cos-1 (3/2) magnitude, is perpendicular to the smaller of the two forces.
The angle between the two forces is:
If A = 5i + 7 j- 31c and B = 2i+ 2 j- c k are perpendicular (a) 120° _ (b) 60°
vectors, the value of c is: (c) 90° (c1). 150°
(a) -2 (b) 8 If vectors 21+2F2k,51+yj+11=and -1+21+2k are
(c) -7 (d) -8 coplanar, the value of y is:
_ 49. A vector perpendicular to (4 i - 3 j) is:
 (a) 81 (b) 36
(c) 23 (b) parallel to each other
(d) 9
60. A projectile of mass in is fired with velocity (c)of same magnitude
v at an angle of (d) of unequal magnitude
450 with the horizontal from point A.
Neglecting air
resistance, the magnitude of change in momentum between Vectors A and B are mutually perpendicular. Component of
the starting point A and the striking point B.is -3-9 -4-9
A+ B in the direction of A— B will be:
(b) 2 mv
A 2 +B2
(a) (b) VA 2 — B 2
\1A 2 —B2
Magnitudes of four pairs of displacement vectors are given. A+ B A 2 — B2
(C) (d)
Which pair of displacement vectors, under vector addition, A —B
A2+ B2
fails to give a resultant vector of magnitude 3 cm?
[J & K 2009] For a particle in circular motion . the acceleration :1 vt a
(a) 2 cm, 7 cm (b) 1 cm, 4 cm point P(R, 0) on the circle of radius R is : (here 0 is measured
(c) 2 cm, 3 cm from x-axis) IAIEEE 2010]
(d) 2 cm, 4 cm
Two forces of magnitudes 30, 60 and P newton acting at a V2 ^ V2
--sin + —cos 0:j
point are in equilibrium. If the angle between the first two is
60°, the value of P is: V 2 ^ V2
(a) 25-kfi — — cos 0 — —sin 0j
(b) 30-1-3-
(c) 30V; (d) 30-r7 v2 2
••
— — COS 0 + V—sin 8j-
A force F a i +bj+ck is acting upon a body of mass 'm'.
If the body starts from rest and was it the origin initially, (d) — — i + j
find its new co-ordinates after time t : R R
at 2 bt 2 a 2 at 2 hat 2 d 2 71. A particle is given successive displacements. Which of the
(a)— , - (b) ,
2m 2m 2m following sets of displacements could be capable of
2m m 2m returning the particle to its initial position:
at 2 bt 2 et 2
(c)—, (d) none of these 10 m, 8 m, 6 m, 30 m
m m 2m 20 in, 1 0 m, 6 m, 50 m
70m, 20 m; 40 m, 30 m
Let F be the force acting on a particle having position vector
100 m, 18 m, 22 m, 32 m
r and be the torque of this force about the origin. Then: 72. An expression which cannot be defined meaningfully
[AIEEE 2003] among vectors is:
-3 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -)
(a) r • T = Oand F• T 0 (b) r • (a) A.(Bx C)
-9-9
T 0 and F• T=0 (b) Ax(Bx C)
--4 -4
(c) r•r # 0 and F• T 0 (d)- T = 0 and F • T = 0 -9-3 -9-p
(c) (Ax B)x(Cx D) (d) (A •B)x(C,D)
,._
If IAx Bl= V3 A • B then the value of I Ax BI is: '73. In the regular hexagon shown in Fig.
(a) (A 2 +B2 +,hAB)112 (b) (A 2 +B2 +AB)1/2
3.51, AB+AC+ AD+ AE+ AFcan be
(e) (A 2 +B2 + expressed as:
(el) A + B
V3
-)
4 AO
A, B and C are vectors each having a unit magnitude. If 3AD
-4 -9 --) -4 -5 -4
A+ B+ C = 0, then A •B+ B•C+C•A will be : 8AD Fig. 3..5
(a) 1 3 I zero
(b) — — (c) — — (d) 0
2 2 -4 -) -4
In the regular hexagon shown in Fig. 3.51, AB+ BC+CD
Three forces act on a body. The body will certainly have an -4 -)
acceleration if these are: + DE+ EF+-AF can be expressed as:
(a) 7 N, 8 N, 14 N (b) 10 N, 4 N, 12 N
(c)3N, 15N, 8N -(2) —2 FA (b) zero (c) 2 FA
(d) 2 N, 6 N, 7 N (d) FA
If the sum of two vectors and their difference are parallel, it -4 -4 -4
In the regular hexagon shown in Fig. 3.51, AO+ BO+CO
can be made out that the two vectors are: -4 -4 -)
(a) perpendicular to each other + DO+ EO+ FO can be expressed as:
 liE

-+
(a) zero (b) -20C (a) A+ B = C- D (b) C- B = A+ D
-5-3 -4 4
(c) -20F (d) OF (c) B- C = A- D (d)A+B+C+D= 0
-3 -3 -5-5 -9-5
A lion is at some instant at a position A (2 m, 6 m, - 1m) and
For vectors A and B, (A+ B ) • (Ax B ) will be:
a goat is at position B (1m, 12 m, 8 m). The lion is free to
(a) A 2 B 2 (b) (A + B)(AB) move but the goat is unable to move due to some injury. The
(c) zero (d) V A 2 +B2 + AB lion runs towards the goat and reaches it in a time 2 sec.
Minimum number of coplanar vectors of equal magnitude Average velocity of the lion can be expressed as:
whose vector sum could be zero, is: 5
(a) (- + 33+ 9- k) m/s (b) - 2j + kj m/s
(a) 2 (b) 3 2 2 2 - 2
(c) 4 (d) 6 ,
78. Minimum number of coplanar vectors of unequal magnitude (c) - + k- m/s (d)
2 2 2
whose vector sum could be zero, is:
2 (b) 3
Vector A is in the vertically upward direction and B towards
(c) 4 (d) 6 -4 -4
north. B x A is toward:
79. In Fig. 3.52, D is the mid-point of BC.
Which of the following relations is (a) east (b) west
(c) vertically downward (d) south
correct?
-4 -4 4 In the parallelogram shown in Fig.
(a)X+Y= Z
-4-5 4 3.54, .A and B are vectors
X- Y = Z represented by sides of the
->
= Z/ 2
-4 4 -4
parallelogram and Di and D 2 are
(d) X + Y =2 Z diagonal vectors, then D21 + D22 is:
Fig. 3.54
Sum of magnitude of two forces acting on a body is 15 N.
The resultant force has magnitude 12 N and it is A2 -
perpendicular to the larger force, magnitude of smaller force (a) A 2 +B2 (b)
2
is: A 2 +B2
(a) 2.7 N (b) 3.2 N (c) (d) 2(A 2 +B2 )
(c) 1.8 N (d) 4.6 N 2

Resultant of two forces F1 and F2 has magnitude SON. The A and B are vectors expressed as A =21 + j and B =1 - j.
-*
resultant is inclined toll at 600 and to F2 at 30°. Magnitudes Unit vector perpendicular to A and B is:
1.--j+k i + j— 1+)+1( (d)li
(a) (b) (c)
of Fi and F2 , respectively, are: -%/J
(a) 25 N, 251R N (b) 20 N, 20,5 N In the vector form, the sides of triangle can be expressed, as
(c) 20 N, 30 N (d) 30 N, 40 N
-5-3 4 . -) -3 4 -3 A, B and C, then the area of triangle can be expressed as:
A, B and C are vectors such that C =A+ B and CI A and -> -4 -4 4 -3
A•(Bx C)+ B•(Cx A)+ C•(Ax B)
also C = A. Angle between A and B is: (a)
3
(a) TC / 2 (b) It / 4 (c) 3it /4 (d) it -3-3-5
A person walks along the path shown in A 4m (b) A.(Bx C)
Fig. 3.53. The path from B to C is Ax B+ Bx C+ Cx A
semicircular and centred at 0. If the (c)
6
magnitude of displacement of the
person is 2 m, distance travelled by him D 4m C (d) Ax (Bx C)
is nearly: - Fig. 3.53 „
(a) 18 m (b) 7 m 90. Area of the parallelogram formed by vectors A = i + 2j+4 k
(c) 14 m (d) 11 m
-4 -4 4 -4 and B = 3 i - 2j is:
ABCD is a parallelogram A, B, C and D are the position (b) 2-47 unit
(a) 4,,F7 unit
vectors of vertices A ,B,C and D with respect to any origin, (d) 17,/j unit
(c) 17,12- unit
then:

-
 _

91. Flight of a bird is an example of:

(a) addition of vectors 101. A vector A is rotated through angle 0 about its tail. Change
(b) dot product of vectors
of position vector of its tip is :
(c) cross product of vectors (d) none of these
0
(a). A sin 0 (b) 2A cos —
92. Torque of a 'force F = —3 i+j+sk acting at a point 2
„ 0
described by position vector r =7i + 3j+ k is: (c) 2A sin — (d) A cos°
2
(a) 121— 14j+3.k (b) —14 i+34-16k 102. A particle is moving on a circular path
(c)—l21+14-3 k (d) 14 i— 34+16k with a constant speed ' Its change of
„ velocity as it moves from A toB is: A
93. Vectors A and B can be expressed as A = 8 + 6j and (a) 2v sin 0 0 \\
„ -> ->
(b)vsin 0/ 2
B =i — j. Component of A in the direction of B is :
v cos 0
3 Fig. ?
(a) — (I— j) (b) —5 (1 — i) 2v sin 0 / 2
4 2
Linear momentum of an object can be expressed as P =
(c) (d) —1 (i
2 (4 cos t)1+ (4 sin 01 Angle between the force acting on the
94. Projection of 21 + 6j on Z-axis is: object and its linear momentum is:
(a) 2 (b) 6 TC
(a) — (b) —7
1
(c )—
311 (d) it
(c) 4.5 (d) none of these 2 4
—) —>
95. R is the resultant of A and B. R is inclined to A at angle 01 A and B are two vectors. (A+ B )x (A— B) can be
4 expressed as:
and to B at angle 02 , then :
(a) 01 < 02 (b)01 <02 if A>B (a) B x A (b) 2(BxA)
(c) 01 < 02 if A < B (d) Of; < 02 if A = B -4 -4
(c) 2(A x B) (d) zero
96. a, 1) and e are unit vectors. If a + b=e, then the magnitude of
Vertices of a triangle are A (3, 1, 2), B (1, — 1, 2) and C
a —b is:
(2, 1, 1). Area of the triangle will be:
1 1
(a) N/3 (b) (a) unit (b) 2-fi unit
2 (c) -1-j unit (d) 21fi- unit
(c) (d) •\,5 .106. A vector remains unchanged on:
97. Diagonals of a parallelogram are represented by vectors rotating it through some angle
-4 „
-A = 5 — 4 j +3 k and B = 3 i + 2j— k. Area of the taking its cross product with a unit vector
taking its dot product with a unit vector
parallelogram is:
shifting it parallel to itself
(a) ,/-ffi unit (b) -In unit (c) 171 unit (d) 72 unit „
98. A particle is moving on a circular path of radius `K. As it The velocity of a particle is v =61+2,i-2k. The
moves through an angular. displacement 0, its linear component of the velocity of a particle parallel to vector
-4
displacement will be : a =i +j+ in vector form is :
(a) R sin 0 (b) 2R cos 0/2 (a) 61+2J+ 2k . (b) 21 +2J+2k
(e) 2R sin 0 / 2 (d) R cos 0
(c) + (d)6+2-2l
99. If a,13 and 7 are the angles which a vector makes with X, Y
.A particle is displaced from position (21— k)io . another
and Z-axes respectively, then sin 2 a.+ sin 2 + sin 2 7 is position (31 + 21 ) under the action of the force of
equal to: (21+ lb. The work done by the unit
(a) 3 (b) 2 is:
(c-)l (d)0 (a) 8 (b) 10
-4-3 -4
100. Magnitudes of vectors P, Q and R are equal, If (c) 12 (d) 16
—> _ —> 109. --Two vectors P and Q that are perpendicular to each other
P+ Q + R 0, then angle between Rand Q is a while if
• 5-4 are:
--4
-P + Q = R, the angle between Rand P is 0, then:
(a) P =31+3j+2k;Q= 2i-2 j+k
(a) a = (b) a =
(c) a = P- (b)P=2i+3j+2k;Q=21-2j+k
(d) none of these
2
 (c) P = 2i-3 j+2k; Q= 2i-2 j-k (a) 30 0 (b) 60° (c) 90° (d) 180°
-4 -4 ->

(d)P =i+3 j+2k; Q= 21-2j+Ic 119. The resultant of two vectors P and Q is R. If the magnitude -
4
-> of Q is doubled, the new resultant becomes perpendicular to
110. What is the angle betweenA = 5i - 5j and B = 5i - 5j? -4 -4
(a) 900 (b) 450 (c) 00 (d) 60° P . Then the magnitude of R is:
111. A particle starting from the origin (0, 0) moves in a straight (a) P + Q (b) Q
line in the (x, y) plane. Its coordinates at a later time are (c) P P+ Q
(d)
(15, 3) . The path of the particle makes with the x-axis an 2
angle of: (e) P - Q
(a) 30 0 (b) 45 0 (c) 60° (d) 00 120. A particle moves in the X-Y plane under the influence of a
->
112. The sum of two vectors A and B is at right angle to their force such that its linear momentum is p(t )= A [i cos (kt ) -
difference. Then: j sin (kt)], where A and k are constants. The angle between
A=B the force and the momentum is: IIIT-JEE 2007]
A = 2B (a) 0° (b) 30°
B = 2A (c) 45 0 (d) 90°
-4 -4
A and B have the Same direction
MORE THAN EXHOICg IS CORRECT
113. If A = 2i + 3j- k and B =- i + 3j+ 4 k, then projection of 1. Which of the following will not depend on orientation of
4 -> frame of reference?
A on B will be: A scalar
3 3 13 A vector
(a) ,_._ (b) (c) 1/2 (d)
426 26 13 The magnitude of a vector
114. A particle acted upon by constant forces 4 i + j- 311 and Component of a vector
2. The momentum of a particle is given by
31+ j - k is displaced from the point 1+2j-k to point
p = (2sin ti -2cos t j) kg m/s. Select the correct options:
Si + 4j- 3 k. Total work done by the forces in SI unit is: -4
[Kerala (Engg.) 2008] Momentum p of the particle is always perpendicular to
(a) 20 (b) 40 (c) 50 (d) 30
-4
115. The component of vector A ax i+a y j+az fc along the
Mumentum p of the particle is always parallel to F
direction of i - j is: [EAMCET (Engg.) 2008] Magnitude of momentum remains constant
(a) ax-ay+a z (b)ax-ay None of the above
a -a 3. Which of the following relations are wrong?
(c) Y (d) ax +a y +az --> -3-3
V2 (a) A+ B = C (b) A+ B = C
-> -> -4 -4
116. The angle subtended by vector A = 4 i + 3j +12k with the (C) A+ B = C (d) A + B = C
x-axis is: [WB (JEE) 2008] 4. If a vector A has magnitude A and 11 is a unit vector in the
(a) sin (b) Sin -1(4 direction of A, then which of the following are correct?
13
_1( (a) A = A/ (b) = A/ A
(c) cos ±. (d) coS -1(-3
13 13 (c) 1= lAil A (d) A = A
->
117. A and B are two vectors given by A = 2i + 3j and B =i + j. 5. For two vectors A and B which of the following relations
are not commutative?
The magnitude of the component of A along -B is: > -4 -) -> -> --4 -> ->
[WB (JEE) 2009] (a) A+ B (b) A - B (c) Ax B (d) A • B
5 -3 „ 7 1- ->
(a) —,_ 0)) —
vri (c) (d) 6. The angle that the vector A = 2i + 3j makes with y-axis is:
- 42 42
-4-4 -3-9-9 (a) tan -1 3/2 (b) tan -1 2/3
118. Given C =Ax B and D =Bx A. What is the angle between (c) cos -1 (d) sin -1 2/3
-> -413
C and D? [WB (JEE) 20091
 -) -4 -9-3 -) • -)
7. If X = Ax (Bx C), then X can be expressed as: (c) A' • B' = A• B (d)= ICI
[IAPT 2003] 12. Which of the following expressions have no meaning?
-4
(a) linear combination of A and C (a) (. j)x j (b) „
9 -9 (ixk)xj
(b) linear combination of B and C 1 1
9 -9 (c) (d)
linear combination of A and B (ixk)•j (jxk).j
-3-3-3-3-3-4
B(A• C)- C(I3 -A) 13. 2 vectors of the same physical quantities are unequal if:
-> they have the same magnitudes and same direction
8. The vector triple product Ax (B x C) will be zero if: they have different magnitudes but samc LI
-9 -9 they have same magnitudes but different directions
B=C they have different magnitudes and different directioi
->
A, B and C are mutually perpendicular vectors 14. Two vectors P and Q lie in one plane. Vc.!ctoi P.lies ir
-3-5 -4
-› -9
A, B and C are coplanar vectors different plane. In such a case, P+ Q+ R:
->
A, B and C are collinear vectors can be zero
cannot be zero
9. The magnitude of the vector product of two vectors A and B ->
lies in the same plane as P or Q
may be:
(a) greater than AB (b) equal to AB lies in the plane different from that of any two of
(c) less than AB vectors
(d) equal to zero
0. The following sets of three vectors act on a body, whose 15. Choose the correct statements:
-4 -4 -4 -4 -4
resultant can be zero. These are: (a) A .x(BxC)=(Ax 11)xC
(a) 10, 10, 10 (b) 10, 10, 20 -> ->
(c) 10, 20, 20 (d) 10, 20, 40 (b)A. (BxC)= C • (AxB)
-4 -4 -) -4 -4 -9
1. A+ B = C. Vectors A and B if rotated by angle e in the (c) The area of parallelogram of sides A and B is equal
same sense to form A 'and B' then (0 0): magnitude of A x B
-4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -->
(a) A'+ B' =C (b) A'+ B' C (d) B x C, = C x B

Assertion Reason
_TYPE QUESTIONS _
If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation If both A and Rare false.
of A. 1. (A) : A vector will not change when the frame of referenc
If both A and R are true, but R is not correct explanation in which it is existing is rotated.
of A. (R) : A scalar quantity may (or) may not be independent (
If A is true, but R is false. orientation- of frame of reference.
If A is false, but R is true.

MotTRIX-Molnw TYPE QUESTIONS —no*

wratt -t '••,"

1. The two vectors A and B are drawn from a common point 4.0.,,V. 4.
, 4,4 ...4 ..,.
Cti4 41% C
. "011ini
-4 -3-3 :-ife
ri::
, 14
*T. 7,
1.--;„Column ,- II- ,
and C = A+ B. In Co,lumn-I are given the conditions A 2 +B 2 =C 2 0> 900 -
-3-3
regarding the magnitudes of A, B and C as A,B,C A 2 +B2 >C 2 0 < 90°
respectively. Column-II gives the angle between the vectors A 2 +B 2 <C 2 0 = 90° .
2
A and B . Match them. • A =15 2 -1
_,-,2
- 0=0°
 (c) Polygon law of vectors (r) Addition of more than
2. Column-I gives operation of vectors A and B and Column- . two vectors
-4 ->
II gives the angle (0) between A and B ( A and B are not (d) Component method (s) Lami's theorem
zero vectors).
4. Consider three vectors A, B and C having magnitudes 4, 5
-Ciiitfriin •-` 1 . Column -II
and 3. These vectors a-e of similar nature, e.g., these could
„ .- --.) ---) .--) 0°
be three displacement. Apply your understanding of vector
°) I Ax BI=1 A* 131 algebra to match Column-I with Column-IL
-3-5 -4-3
(b) Ax B = Bx A Tr/2 Column - I . Column - II
-5-3 -4 -4
(C) IA+ B1=IA- BI it/4 (a) Maximum magnitude of (p) zero
-3-3 -> -4 --.)
371/ 4 A- B will be
(d) A+ B = C and A + B = C
(b) Minimum magnitude of (q) 12
-3-3-3
A+ B- C will be
.3. Match the Column-I with Column-II.
(c) Maximum magnitude of (r) 9
-• .Column '- I Column -Ii -3-4 -3
A • (B- C) will be
Triangle law of vectors Addition of two vectors
(d) Maximum magnitude of (s) 32
Parallelogram law of Subtraction of two -4 -4 -)
vectors vectors A + B - C will be

—71
MITE GER TYPE QUESTIONS Ai El Cro DJ

A point moves according to the law x = at, y = at(1- at) If vector A is perpendicular to vector B and
->
where a and a are positive constants and t is time. If the I A+ BI= n I BI then find the value of n.
moment at which angle between velocity vector and
If 0.81 + 0.2c j represents direction, then the value of c will
A
acceleration vector is - is given by -. Find the value of A. be:
4
If the angle between vector 21 + 21- k and vector 1+ ck^ is
If ABC is a right angled triangle with hypotenuse AB = P.
-> acute, then the maximum value of c is:
Then AB • AC + BC • BA +CA• CB = nip2 . Find in .
-> I A+ Br -IA- Br =nA •B
3.- Two forces P and Q are acting at a point. If P is reversed, The value of 11 is:
the new resultant becomes perpendicular to the initial „
resultant. If the condition between magnitudes of P and Q is For what value of a, A =2i +a j+k is perpendicular to
„
given by P = kQ. Find k. B =41-2j-2k?
-> d2 r
4. Given r = A cos at +B sin at I . Then if = a" r
dt 2
find the value of n.

11111111111111

-
eqPASSAGE4:147 ym, -1 m) [m— metre] is the instantaneous position
of the mass. We know that torque can be expressed as the
Suppose that a point mass ' m' is moving under a constant cross-product of position vector and force vector, i.e.,
„ ->
force F = 21 - j+ k newton. At some instant, t = 0, point = rxF
 At P, torque can be n
expressed as angular speed — rad/sec and that the sense of rotation is
Q(xi, Yi, zi) 36
= (-4j- 4k)Nm counterclockwise with 0 = 0 at t = 0. For an object which
At some other instant, P(x, y, -1) moves in a circle, it is usually convenient to introduce two
•
t = 3sec, the point mass mutually perpendicular unit vectors ir and ft , as shown in
has another Fig. 3.57. Here ir is the radial unit vector and f t , the
instantaneous position X tangential unit vector.
Q (xi , yi , zi ) such that Answer the following questions:
the displacement vector For any instantaneous position of the object P, the radial
between points P and Q Z unit vector fr can be expressed as :
and the given force are Fig. 3.56 (a) fr = I sin 0 + j cos 0 (b) I = i cos 0 + jsin 0
mutually perpendi- (c) i i sin 0 - j cos 0 (d) r r = -i cos 0 - j sin 0,
cular. Also, x-component of torque at Q is zero and y and
z-components are equal in magnitude and directed along the For any position of the object P, the tangential unit vector
negative directions of the respective axes. Using a definite can be expressed as :
scale, if we construct a parallelogram with the position (a) f t = cos 0 - sin 0 (b) ft = i sin 0 - j cos 0
--> (c) ft = -i cos 0 + j sin 0 (d) i1
vector of Q and the given force F as its adjacent sides, area -i sin + cos 0
In terms of it. , ft and 0, 1 can be expressed as:
of this parallelogram is 2-th m 2 . Area of the given
(a) i = fr cos 0- f t sin 0 (b) i = it. sin 0+ it cos 0
parallelogram, in fact, represents a physical quantity whose
magnitude in SI system can be expressed as 5 times the (c) i = - I- sin 0 + f t cos 9 (d) I =- it. cos 0 + it sin 0
given area.
Answer the following questions. 'PASSAGE-3,
1. At Q, torque acting on the mass can be expressed as:
Five vectors A, B,C,D and E have magnitude 10, 12-,/2,
-51-5 k newton-metre
-81- 8 k newton-metre 20, 20 and 10 units respectively, they are directed as shown
in the Fig. 3.58.
-101- 10k newton-metre
-121-12 k newton-metre
2. Coordinates of P are :
(a) (1, 1,-I) 0
(b) (1, 2, -1) 30 0 .,. 45
(c) (2, 1,-i) (d) (2, 2, -1) —>
3. Work done for the motion of the point mass from P to Q is: A

(a) 2 J (b) 3.2 J —>

(c) 1.6J (d) zero
Fig 3.58
PASSAGE-2 Answer the following questions:
-99-9
Consider a point object of The X and Y components of (A+ B+ C ) are respectively:
mass 'm' moving in a circle of (a) 22 - 11:0 and 22
A
r, (b) 22 and 22 - 1 oVJ
radius a =1m. For any
(c) 17-10 \rj and 22 (d) 22 and 17- 10-ii
instantaneous position of the
object, 0 is the angle that the The X and Y components of (A+ C+ D) are respectively:
radial line joining the object (a) 10,/i and 10Nij- (b) 10 -10,h and 1013.
and the centre makes with the (c) - 1(0 and 10 - 1ofj. (d) - 1(0 and 10Nr
positive X-axis of a cartesian The X and Y components of sum of all the five vectors are
coordinate system with the
respectively :
centre of circle 0 as the
Fig. 3.57 - 10.5 and 1 ONid
origin. i ved j are unit vectors
12 - 10,5 and 12 - 1013-
along X-axis and Y-axis, respectively. Suppose that the
12 - 10,5 and 12 + 10-6--
motion is a 'Uniform Circular Motion' with a constant
12 + 10,ii and 12 - 101i
 ANSWERS

ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT

•
9.(a) 10. (a) (c) ' 12. (c)
(b) 7. (b) 8.(b)
3..(c) '4.(d) 5. (c)
1.--(b) 2.(b) 23. (d) 24.(b)
2C. (d) 21. (c) 22. (a)
17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (c)
. 14.. (a) 15. (a) 16..(c)
13. (b) 34. (d) _35..(d) 36.(a)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (b)
28.'(a) 29. (b) . 30., (b)
26..(c) 27 (c) (d)
45. (c) 46. (c) (b)
42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (b)
39., (d) 40:(b) .; 4/. (a)
.37. (a)• 38. (a) 59:.(c) (c)
56.'(b) $7. (d) 58. (d)
53. (a) 54.'(b) 55. (b)
50: (b), 51.. (d) 52: (c) •
49. (b) 70. (b) 71. (c) 72. (d)
67. (c) 68. (b) 69. (d)
64. (d) 65. (b) 66. (b)
61. (a) 62. (d) 63. (a) 84. (c)
81. (a) 82. (c) 83. (d)
78. (b) 79. (d) 80. (a)
75. (b) 76. (c) 77. (a)
73. (b) 74, (a) 95. (b) 56. (d)
, 92. (d) 93. (c) 94. (d)
89., (c) 90. (a) 91. (a)
86.. (a) 87.. (d) 88. (d)
85.(a) . /06. (d) 107.. (b) 108. (a)
103. (a) 164. (b) 105, (c)
140..(a) 101. (c) 102.,(d)
97.(a) *98. (c) 99..(b) 120. (d)
117: (a) 118. (d) 119. (b)
114: (b) 115. (c) 116: (c)
111. (c) 1/2. (a) 113. (b)
109. (b) 110: (c)

MORETHAN ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT -

.; 4., (b, c, d) L 5.1 (b, c)
3..(a, b, d). . • •
2., (a, c) -
(b, c, d) '10; (a, b, c)
(b, d) 8:;(a, b, d) -
7. 14. (13 c) 15„ (a, c)
12., (a, b, d) 13.. (b, c, d)

ASSERTION-REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

. efe

1. (c)

• t' 'MATRIX-MATCH TYPE QUESTIONS

4

3... a -) p,q,s; b p,q; c r; d p,q,r

2. a -4 r,s; b -> p; c q; (1-4 p
,a r; b p; c q,s; d p
,

4. a -4 r; b p; s; d -4 q

:INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

7. (2) 8. (4) 9. (3)

4 (2) S. (1) 6. (3)
1.: (1) 2. (1) 3; (1)

LINKED COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

'1., (c) (c) 1- 3. (d)

;Pissage-1."
(b) i.• (d) 3. (a)
Passage:2

1 (a) 1 2. (c) 3. (b)

Passage -3
 HINTS & EXPLANATIONS
-> it 2it In Fig. 3.60 we can say that component of C along
1. The angle between (2 a-3 b)will be n -- =- as shown
3 '3 ' A = - component of -6> along >.
in Fig. 3.59. -9 -9
5.
l al +a2 I
3
11(I)2 +(1)2 +2(1)(1)cos 0 =
2+2cos 0 = 3
0 = it/3
cos 0 =1/ 2
-313 2703 2 a Now,
-9 -9 -9 -9 -9 -9
(a1 -a2 ).(2a i +a 2 )=2a1 -9 --> -> -4
Fig. 3.59 • a1 -a2 •a2 -2a1 .a2 +a / •a2
-9 -4 -> -->
2. (a+2 b).(5 a-4 b)= 0 = 2(1)- (1)- 2cos 0 +cos 0
-3 -4
=1-cosv= i--1 =1
A
5a • a -81)•1) +10-=4 • 'a
22
5- 8+10cos9-4cos0 = 0 6.
6cos = 3 A A A

1 i+j+k
cos 0 = -
2
0=
A A A A A A

3. a - bl=cos0

a bi=i ai2 + bi2 -0

1+1
=a2 ± b 2
Fig. 3.61
-4 -4
a- bl= Va 2 + b 2
-9-9-9 -9
cos() — (a- b)(a+ b) a2 — b 2 1,4_ 02 +(_ )2 +(_ 02
-9 -> --9 -> h2 2\
I a- NI a+ bl k" ± b2) —1 -
-9-3
-9 2 L2
I a- blcos0 = A/a 2 +b 2 x a -u
a 2 +b 2 7.
a2 -b 2 '
Va 2 +b2
4.

Fig. 3.62 -

11 2
Fig. 3.60 16,-V5 1= I - v + v2 - 2(v)(v)cos
= V2v 2 - 2v2 cos°

1111111100miimaiammommommL.
 = V2v 2 (1- cos()) i jk
-3 -3
A xB= 1 1 1 =3(j-k)
= 2 (2sin 2 0) 3 0 0
-
2
.0 =-
3,,h= —
3
= 2v sin - AreaofA=-IA xB =-
2 2 2 2
A

8. v image remains unchanged along i and j. For coplanar vectors,

-) -> -4
v.image =-vobj along k AB xC= 0
2 -1 1
A
L L=5k—sk =
1 2 -3 = 0
V .mage 3 p 5
=+3k
vmirror 2(10+ 3p)+1(5+ 9)+ l(p- 6)= 0
20+6p+14+p-6= 0
v image = vmirror 3k
7p+28=0
p=-4
v image = 31+ 4j + 1 1 k
A+ B+C=0
0+1+0 1
9. cos 0 =
2 i is unit vector in direction of A and j is unit vector in
-> -4 -4
0 = cos 1- direction of B if A + B + C=0
2
0= then-C is in the plane of i and j.
3
For equilibrium,
10. -3
F1 + F2 + F3 =0
(3i+ 2j-k )+(31+ 4j- sk)+a (i+j-k)=
(6+a)1+(6+a)j-(6+a)k =0
a = -6
-)
Fig. 3.63 B-C=A
-) -->
-> 2 2 2 " B=C+A
d1 -- a + bd =a +n zabcos 0
Vector is rotated, by and v (say) then its direction changes.
-> --4
d2= a- bc/ 2` - a' +b` - 2abcos (ii)
IA + BI=Aja h +2abcos 0
Adding Eqns. (i) and (ii),
d 2 + d2 -15..cos0 1
1 2 = (a 2 +b2 ) Then, not greater than a+b.
2 52 =x2 +y2
-3 -> -4 -3
11. (A -B)(A+B)= 0
A 2 -B2 =0

cos 0 =
lAi2-11312 4

1411B

3
Fig. 3.64
 -4 1=1
20. LetIr1I= 6m 1r2 1= 8m and I r I= 10m 26. tan 30° = —0
y3 x
Then VI? r22 +2ri r2 cos() = 10
62 + .2 + 2ri r2 cos 0= 102
10
cos 0= 0°
=
-4 -3 --> Fig. 3.65
21. IA + BI= IC I
-4 -3 -3 -3
7E
VA 2 +B2 +2ABcos0 = V132 27. IA+ 131=IA- B 'only if0 =
2
122 + 52 +2x12x5cos0= 132
cos —
n=0
2x 12x 5cos0 =169-169= 0 2
cos 0 = 0 28. Because cos 00 = 1 (maximum).
= n- 29. Because two unequal vectors can't be zero.
2 30. Can never be zero.
-4 -3 -3
22. C+B=A 31. Let IF/ I=7 and I F2 1 = 5
-> -> -4
B=A-C I Fi + F2 I= 1.1F12 +F22 + 2F1 F2 cos 0
-3 -3 -4
IBI=1A-CI _72 +52 4 2x 7x 5cos0
4 =1152 +32 - 30cos = V72 + 52 -70 =2
16-34 = -30cos 0 (Minimum value of cos 0 = -1)
18 3
= cos 0 cosu= - 32. Let I Fl 1=4 dyne and I F2 1 = 3 dyne
-30 5
-3 -4
0 =cos-1 3 Then IF/ + F2 !max = 7 dyne
5 -4 -4
23. A R - - 11A12 +A 22 +2A 1 A 2 cos I Fl + F2 imin =1 dyne

where 0 is the phase difference between the waves but So, between 1 and 7 dyne.
-4 -3
A R = Ai = A 2 = A 33. Let F1 = 6 kg and F2 = 8 kg
So, A 2 =A 2 +A 2 +2A 2 cos()
-4 -)
1 Fr =IFi +1'2 1
cos O= - -
2 Then Fr max =14 kg
u=— Fr min = 2 kg
3 34. Because minimum value is 6 N.
-> -4 -4
24. (Ax B) and (B x A) have same magnitude but opposite 35. If in a set a quantity has value in between Rma, and R
direction. remaining two, resultant can be zero.
So, angle between them is it. 36. Because all forces cancel each oti- c:-
25. Let F1 = F2 = F be forces, then, FR = 2F forces is equal and opposite to fifth one.

FR = 11F12 +2F1 F2 COSO „ A vector

37.
-4 magnitude
(2F)2 = 2F 2 +2F 2 COS° - IAI
COSO =1 " 38. v. = 250 km/hr
0 = 0° .0
vr= 2 v sin —
2
0 = ir
 Then vF = 2x 250x sin .1-;-km/hr 45. (x+ 20)2 + (30)2 _(3Ø/)2

v F = 500 km/hr (x± 20)2 + 302 = 302 x2

39. IA v= /v +v; = V(50)2 +(5Ø)2 = 50N/2 km/hr (x+20)2 + 302 = 302 +302
x+ 20= 30
x= 10
--- 10 m west
A
20m

A
-> 20 i
The direction of v is along south-west, as shown in Fig. Fig. 3.70
3.66.
For shortest time, swimmer swim at 900 m V62 (_8)2 +102
tmin =
vs sin 0 m= V36+ 64+100 =10V2

0 = 90 tan 0 =
sin 0 = 1
East 00 =
3
Scalar product of perpendicular vectors is zero, i.e.,
-4
A•B=Ax Bx +A yB y +A z Bz 10+14 +3c=0 or
I
ll East c = -8
Fig. 3.67 49. Because k
is perpendicular to i and j i.e., j plane.
43. V4 2 + 32 = Smile ,
50. = cos-1 (A. BIAB); Here :13 = 0, so 0 = 900
„- 51. cos
0+1+0 1
-J2V2 2
-ime
- 2
0 = cos -I =60°
9 mile 2
5 Mile Work in y-axis.
15x10= 150J
2 mile Because i x i = 0
Fig. 3.68 -4
t=rxF
44. V82 +62.1,110 --, Iji
1
=3 2 3
4 \
% \
N
2-3 4
%
• •
6\ =1(8+9)412-6)+k (-9-4)
4' N\ 4
%
N
=171-6-13C
6
Fig. 3.69
 r = (a cos cot )1+ (asin cut 1(A+ B)I= VA 2 +B2 +2ABcos 60°
-4 -4
dr
-▪ -9 66. A+B+C= 0
— = v -acosin cot + amcos cot
dt
-4-4
0 =120°
r•v=0

So, r is 1 to v
56. cos 0, =12,IR
5
cos() =
V(3)2 +(4)2 +(5)2

0 = 45° A
-4-4 -9-4 Fig. 3.72
57. A•B=0 and A•C=0 -3-9 -)
-4 -4 -4 A•13+B•C+C•A= 0
A is 1 to B and C.
_ 1 + (1) + 1) = _ 3
So, B is parallel to C. 2 2) 2) 2
-4 -4
Then, A is parallel to B x C. 1 1 1 3

58. 2 2 2 2
When resultant is greater than arithmatic sum of any two.
Possible when 9= 0°

0 ••
\`.
<0
a
cos 0 =- =- 1
b 2
0=120° Fig. 3.73
59. {(21+2)-21.)x(-4+2J+2k)}(51+;j+k).
-4 -4 -4 -4
R(max) = a + b (A +B)-(A -B)
Component=
R() = la - bi A 2 + B2
70.
P=V602 + 302 + 2- 60-30-cos 60°
1(a) 2:
2 m
1 (b
2 m
1(C) 2 ^
2 m
-4
t=rxF
Fig. 3.74
-.4 -t
T is I to both r and F.
'-3-9 -9 -4 a = axi-a
r • "C =Oand F • "C =0 yj
V2
a = —cos 0 "
v2
ABsin 0= AB cos 01173 i --sine "j
tan 0 = 0=60°
 Magnitude of sum of any three shall be lesser than greatest
no. of four.
We cannot take dot product of scalars.
-÷
Use AB = AO + OB ->
A
-> Fig. 3.78
AC= AO + OC
-> -4 "f>1 and F2 are ±&
AD= AO +OD
-> -4 -4 tan 30° =
F, =
1
AE= AO +OE l3
A

-> ->
AF= AO +OF
F2
A> + r3 ) • (2->k x r3 ) =
(- ( > x ) + >3 • ( x -134 )

= 1> • ( x ) + • ( r3 x ) = 0 ->
F1
Fig. 3.79
=0
n (a 1
t!-k> COSI" = - - = ---
b
-4
Fig. 3.75

A> + + = 0
- ->
A
ABC is an equilateral `c.'. Fig. 3.80

= 135°
c2 =a 2 +b2 +2abcos0
a 2 =a2 +b2 +2ab Ha)

a2 a 2 +b2 _ 2a 2 b2 _ a 2
A 2a 2 b2
Fig. 3.76 b=a,12
Distance= 4+4+nx1= 8+it
-3-4 -->
Use parallelogram law as x + y = 2 z -3-3 ->
AB+CD= 0
-> -> ->
(B -A)+D-C= 0
Sum of opposite sides = zero.

->
Fig. 3.77

80. a+b= 15
a 2 +b2 +2abcos0= 122 = 144 Fig. 3.81
cos 0= :41-
b)
1
(21+6j-k)+(ii1 i+V2 j+V3 k)x 2=1 +12j+8i
 --)
i3+COs 2 y =1
* 99. 2
- 86. Rotating fingers of right-hand from B to A ;.then thumb of CoS 0C+cOS
-4 -4
(1-sin 2 a)+0-sin 2 )+(l-sin 2 y)= 1
right hand given direction of B x A.
D 2 = A 2 +B 2 +2ABcos sin 2 a+ sin 2 13 +sin 2 y = 2
100. a = 213
D22 = A 2 + B 2 -2AB cos()

-
11 xi' will be perpendicular to both 71> and -13): Therefore,
—> -4
IPI = 101 = IRI
„ /-)k xB
n- = k (on solving)
AxBI
1-' -> 1 -4 -4
Area = - [A x 131= -[B x C] = -[C x A]
2 2 2
Area = [(-1. x -13)] Fig. 3.83
-)
t=rxF *Same as 98.

Component of I along -13> is 2A sin .12

2
=-
A) • 1=(81+6i) (1 --1)= " 102. Same as 98.
=-1-2-
1-2' Nri .0
2osin -
2
... Required component = ( = (i - j)
-42 P = (4cos t )1 + (4sin t
94: Projection of (2i+ 6i) on z-axis = (21+ 6i). k =o dP
95. Conceptual. F = — = (-4sin t)i + (4 cos t
dt
j -)
F = 0 0=7t/2
97. Area=-1AxBI -2 x-13= 5 -4 3
2
3 2 -1 104. (1 + ) x ( )= -A4 x + -
139 x - i33 x -193
= 13 = -21 +14j+2k -Zii+3
=o—x -14 x-3
A—o
No option.
-) -) = 2(B xA)
98. I ri I= ir2 1= R
—> 105. -
2=3i+J+21i a =AB=(i-j+2k)-(31+j+2k)
d = r2 — r1
r3=1-j+21i a = -2i -2j
d=VR 2 +R 2 +2R 2 cos(n-0)
= Nr2R-N/1- cos 0 1
3 = iiC=(2i-Fi+ii)-(i-j+2k)

= -,F2R112sin 2 —e
2 I jk
0 Area = --I a x b=- -2 -2 0
= 2R sin - 2 2
2 1 2 -1
1 -
=
2
= -11-2j-2k1=-x213- =-fiunit
2 2
106. (d) Conceptual
Fig. 3.82
 ( v•iia=[(61+23-210. 0+:1,_+k) A•i = (41+3+121).1 4
116. cos 0 =
.V42 +32 +122 xl 13
6+2-2 -
(i+j+k)
3 0=- cos -1(-4)
= 21+ 23+ 21i 13

1=21+j-ii 117. T)k.13> = (21+3i)

=(3i+ 2i- 21-0-(21-j+k) 2+3 5

=1+3j-A

=(2i+j-k)•(i+3j-3k) 118.
=2+3+3=8unit

-1"Q=0
--> -4
Angle b/w A = 5i -5j and B = 5i - 5j is zero.
-4 „
d = AB= 01-3j)

di 1
cos 0 = = Fig. 3.84
dill! V12x1 2
119. P+2Qcos0 = 0 = 2Qcos0 =-P
= 60°
-> --> -> R=(2Q+P)
112. (A+B)(A-B)= 0 211)
-4-4-9-4-9-4 --> (2-6 +. 0
A•A+B•A-A•B-B•B=
A 2 -B 2 =0 0
A 2 =B2 2PQcos 0 + P.2 = 0
Fig. 3.85
A=B 2PQcos 0 = -P2
R 2 .p2.+Q.2 + 2PQcos 0
113. A:43) ,_(21+3j_fc) (-1-1-3j+4k
- and
V1+9+16 _ p2 +Q2 _p2
-2+9-4 .Q2

3 R=Q
= unit 120. Same as 103.
V26

114. =4i+j-3 .c and = 31 -

-->
2. .p = 2sin t - 2cos t j
F:et = 71+ 2j- 4k
->
dp
-(+1=(51+4j-3k)-(1. +2j-k) F= = 2cos ti + 2sin t j
dt
->
-( = 4i+2j-2k
F• p=0= Fl p
-) -4 -4
Filet • d = 28+4+g= 40unit
Also, p1=11(2sin t)2 +(2cos t )2 = 2 = constant
115. Component of A along (i -j)is 3. Vectors can be added with vectors only to give resultant
a- a vector.
^ ^ ( I— x y
A •fi =(axi+a
yj+az k).
 --) 4 -3-4
4. Unit vector is defined as = —A 2. (a) lAx Bl= A•
A AB sine = AB cos°
Vector difference and cross product are not commutative. tan° =1 0 = n/4 or 3E/4
(21+ 3:1).i3 AxB=B xAonly if() =0°
cos 0 = =
-%/4+9x1 N/13 -4 -4 -4 -4
--> -4 -> (A+ Bl= IA - Bi
X=Ax(B xC)
VA2 + B2 + 2ABcos0 = A 2 + B2 —2ABcos0
-2-2-2 -4 -> 3
= B(A•C)-C(B •A) Fig. 3.86 4ABcos 0 = 0
0=n/2
Hence, X is a linear combination of vectors B and C. ->

-4 -4 -4 -4
(d) A+ B=C with A +B = C if 9=00.
--4 -4 -4
IfB=C,thenB ><C=0A x(B xC)=-0 3. (a) Triangle law of vectors is used for addition cird sui-,;t. —on of
-2-3 -3 -4 -3 two vectors and also in Lami's theorem.
If A, B and C are mutually perpendicular, then A C and Parallelogram law of vectors is used for addition and
-> subtraction of two vectors.
B A both are zero.
Polygon law of vectors is used for addition of more than two
-> -4 -4 -2-4-2 -2-4-2
. vectors.
Ax(BxC)=B(A•C)-C(B-A)=0
-) Component method can be used for addition or subtraction of
-3 -4
If A , B and C are collinear, B x C = O. two or more vectors.
-4 --4
-4 -4 -4
4. = 4 ;1 BI = 5; ICI=3
Hence, Ax(Bx C)= 0
-4 -4
l A x Bl= AB sin 0 ST

Sum of two Third. 1. x = at y= at(1-W)

Difference of two 5_ Third. dx dy
— =a — =- a - 2aat
dt It
d 2X _ d2 y
= zaa
dt 2 dt 2
-4
Velocity Vector, v = a i + a(1- 2w)

Acceleration vector, = oi - 2aal

Fig. 3.87 -4 -4 -4-9
V • a =1 v I l a 'cos (Lc)
-4 -4 -4 -4 -4 4
A+ B #A'+B'*C'
-3 -3 -3 -4 -2a 2a(1- 2at) = Va2 +a 2 (1-2at)2 X 2aa x
A. B#A• B V2
_ 2c02
-) -) -4 -4
(1- axt)2 =_ 1+
IA'+13'1= A+ B= ICI
2
Division operation not valid in case of vectors. When• (1-2w)2 = 1
denominator becomes zero the quantity is not defined.
1- axt ±1
Vector properties.
1- 2at = -1 (If we take +1, t = 0)
Vector properties.
1
Vector properties. t= - A=1
a
---> --->
AILW 2.
--->
AB • AC + BC • BA +CA • CB = mph
--) „

A2 +B2 =C2 1E)=90° pcos 0 (psin 0)y 0 = 90°

A2 + B2 >C2 1:1> 90°
(0 A2 + B2 < pcos0x+ psin Oy+ mp2
< 90.
(d) A2 = B2 = pcos0•pcos0+ psin0- psin0 = mp2
(1=120° 0 > 90°
 If 0 is acute, cos 0 is positive.
cos 0
2— c?.. 0
c
c< 2
Thus, the maximum value of c is 2.
•2
p 2 (cos2 0+sin 0)= mp 2 8.
m=1 -3-4 -9-4
=A 2 i- B4 +2A•B —A` —Bh +2A•B
-3 -) -4 -) -4 -)
3. RI =Q+P and R2 = Q — P .4 4
=41143
Given that R1 and R2 are perpendicular, therefore, —)
A and B will be perpendicular to each'other if
-4 4 -9--)
RI . R2 =0 A•B=0
(2i+aj+i)-(4i-2j-2k)=0
(Q P ). (Q —P)=0
Q2 _p2
=0
8 — 2a — 2 = 0
Q 2 = p2 • a= 3

Q2 = k 2Q2 Erki OE.S.

k =1 Passage-1

4. r =Acosati+Bsinatj P=POr xF
--> = (xi+ yj—k)x(2i— j -1-k)
d r
--=—Aasinati —Basinatj
dt -
tp = (y-1)i—(x+2)j—(x+2y)k

d2'
r
„
= Aa2 cosati —Ba2 sinatj Given, t= -4j-4k
dt 2
x= 2 and y = 1
2 •
= [Acosati+Bsinati]
Also, r-
J,Q = (x1 — x)i+ (yi — y)j+(z1 +1)1i
=_ a ` r
=(x2 — 2)i+ (V1 — 1)j+ (zi +1)ii
n=2
—> —>
Given, r pQ I F
+Bi=nIA —131
A 2 + B2
—>
=nVA2 +B 2 = 90° ) rpc, • F =0
n=1 [(xi —2)i+(y1 —1)j+(zi +1)k]•[2i —j+ii]= (i)
V(0.8)2 (02)2 = 1
i j k
-->
0.64 + 0.04c2 =1 TQ = rQO x F = xi y1 zi
0.04c2 = 0.36 2 —1 A
c2 = 9
-TQ, = (yi + zi )i—j (xi — 2z / )+ k(—xi — 2y1 )
c= 3
Given, yi + zi = 0 ...(ii)
A •B _ (21+A—lbx(i+cfc) And, - x1 — 2z1 = xi •+2y1
7. cos 0 = •... (iii)
-4
FA) I 1-11 I V(2)2 + (2)2 + (-1)3 "I
i+ 2
' Also, 1 rQo x -4F = 10.N5
2— c
... (yi + zi )2 + (xi — 2zi )2 +(xi 2y1 ) = 100x 2 ... (iv)
31+ c2
 2(x1 -2z1 )2 = 100x2
x1 - 2z1 =10

To 10k

W = 0 , as rpc, is perpendicular to F
Passage-2
Fig. 3.91

->
3. = r cos 0 + {- rt cos (90°--0)]

(direction of rt component is opposite to 17)

-3 -3
= r cos 0 - rt sin 0

Fig. 3.89

1. rr = i cos 0+ jsin 0
Fig. 3.92

Passage-3
-3
A=101, B= 121+12j
-3
C= 101+10j , p=101-10J3 j
-3 ,
Fig. 3.90 D = -10 j
-› -3
1. (A + B + C)= (22-10,[3- )i+ 22j
2. rt = cos + jsin
x component = 22-1013-
= -Icos (90°-0)+ isin (90'4)
y component = 22
= -isin 0+ icos 0
2. (A +C + D)= -10-131+(l0-10,5)j
x component = -10,/j
y component = 10 - 10\rj
->
3. (A + B+C + D+ E)= (12-1013-)i+(12- 10\73)1
x component = 12-101/3
y component = 12 - 1013.

NNE