STUDENT WORKSHEET 2

Name or River Causes Consequences Solution NEW WORD

Location
Year of flood
1. Yangtze River,  Monsoon – more  500-2000 people killed  Provision relief  Discharge
China rainfall  3 mill homeless – refugee supplies  Floodplain
1870,1931,1954,  Deforestation – less camps  Flood defence  Drainage
1998,2010 interception, more  Shortage drinking water constructed basin
Originates Plateau runoff  Water borne diseases  New embankments  Inundated
Tibet, mouth east  Forest cleared for  Agricultural land flooded built  embankment
China Sea agricultural land  Shortage food 9wheat and  Improve flood
Flows eastwards  People settle on rice) prediction
Longest river China floodplains  Roads destroyed techniques
Over 700 tributaries  Cost repair
 Trade disrupted

2. Kosi River,  levees caused built up  300,00 killed  Structural control –  Plateau
Bihar, India. of sediments on bed  40 million homeless construction of  Levee
NE, South  Lakes which served as  Extensive property dams and  Dam
Himalayas flood control were cut damage reservoirs  Discharge
bordering Nepal off by levees or  Detention basin
2008 converted to cropland  Regulating channel
 Deforestation by river
 Heavy rainfall straightening to
shorten flow path
so discharge is
faster

 Name or River Causes Consequences Solution NEW WORD
Location
Year of flood

3. Mississippi, USA  Rain and snowmelt  52 deaths  Reservoirs store  Floodplain

1993  Saturation of soil  74,000 homeless excess water  Reservoir
3rd longest river in  Contains numerous  Jobs disrupted  Increase tree cover
the world tributaries (50)  112 billion property  Strengthening
damage levees
 70% crop losses (corn,  Diversionary
soya bean) spillways
 Equipment and buildings  Flood forecasting
on farms damaged  Relocating people
 Railroad, highway, airport at risk
damaged
 Water quality degraded
 High tree mortality,
drowned reptiles

4.Caroni River,  Quarrying, agriculture,  Household equipment  Modified river  Catchment

Trinidad settlement in Northern damaged channel-dredging  Dredging
North west Range-increased  Houses inundated  inundated
Mouth in Gulf of sediment  Loss corps farmers
Paria  High intensity rainfall  People stranded in homes
2014 wet season
1. Discharge: Total volume of water flowing through a river channel

2. Floodplain: floodplains are the low, flat, periodically flooded lands adjacent to rivers

3. Drainage basin: area of land drained by a river and its tributaries enclosed by a watershed

4. Inundated: covered with a flood, overflow

5. Embankment: a raised structure to prevent flooding

6. Plateau: a land area having a relatively level surface considerably raised above adjoining land on at least one side

7. Levee: a ridge of sediment deposited naturally alongside a river by overflowing water

8. Dam: a barrier constructed to hold back water

9. Reservoir: a natural or artificial place where water is collected and stored for use

10. Catchment: area of land form which surface water flow, used synonymously with drainage basins.

11. Dredging: is the removal of sediments and debris from the bottom of lakes, rivers, harbours, and other water bodies.