Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Master Calendars…………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………14
Preliminary Plots……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..18
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Essential Theatre Safety………………………………………………………………………………………………………….36
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Production Organizations and Your Role as Stage Manager
People to Know:
Producer – Directly responsible to a particular production, they will provide most of the
Artistic Director – Responsible for choosing plays that the company will be doing,
responsible to bring people in to the theatre and they must sell this shoe to the
community
Managing Director – Do mainly the same jobs as the artistic director but they take more
Production Manager – This person is in charge of all backstage operations excluding the
actors. All dealings are with the technical side of the production.
Stage Manager – That’s you! Dealing with all the backstage/tech aspects of the show as
well as the actors. You make the ship run as smooth as possible. The stage manager is
responsible for making the entire production run smoothly, on stage and backstage, in
aspects of the technical side of the production. You must be aware what each person’s
job entails so you know where to go with what questions. The stage manager should
know who reports to whom in his theatre. Not only should the stage manager know to
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whom he is responsible, but also to whom everyone else on the staff is responsible. In
Director – slightly self-explanatory, the main person a SM works under, he gives the
direction of the show. He will give the final yes or no to artistic decisions. Sometimes will
Scenic Designer – creator of the theatrical scenery for the production, often will work
Technical Director – typically is the overseer of the scene shop and of the technical
aspects of the show. They’re there to make sure everything remains running smoothly.
This position goes hand in hand with the scene shop supervisor.
Master Carpenter – works in scene shop on the set, typically works under the TD but
some questions may be posed to the master carpenter, they will have carpenters and
Property Mater – This is the person who will be in charge of all props. They will have
rehearsal props and finalized production props. They will often work with property
Lighting Designer – This person will decide what lights will be happening when, which
units are used, which gels, what happens on what cues, etc. They will either be the
master electrician, or they will work very closely with them. Under both of those people
Costume Designer – This person will work on either buying pieces for the costumes or
making them, they will come up with an idea for what the character will look like and
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they will run with it. They work closely with the actors in fittings and design. They will
either be or have a costume shop supervisor/manager. In the costume shop they will
also have various workers including cutters, drapers, first hands, and stitches
Sound Designer – this person will work on the sound and the balance of it in the show.
They will work with mics as well as sound cues or any music needed in the production.
Choreographer – If you are working on a musical, you will need to work with a
choreographer. They will be in charge of the movement of actors. You will have to
Music Director/Pit Orchestra – Again, if working on a musical we will have to work with
the music aspect. The MD will be in charge of teaching music to actors and will typically
Have good communication skills, don’t be afraid to ask question and make sure of
Have a cooperative environment, address conflicts early on and work them out
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What to Know About Equity
Organizations to Know:
When an actor is auditioning you must get their information in relation to equity. You
must ask if they are a part of any organization and then they will have to write down all
If you are working on an equity show, all of your responsibilities will be mapped out for
you. It will tell you the things you are and are not held responsible to in the production,
unless otherwise stated in another document that was signed by the stage manager and
For an equity production, for every 55 minutes of rehearsal you must take a 5 minute
break or for every 80 minutes of rehearsal you must take a 10 minute break, as to hold
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Attributes of a Good Stage Manager
Your role in productions is very active, you don’t have time to blame
others for mistakes that are made. Your job is to see issues and solve
them
situation, you must face it with a calm and patient demeanor. This job
will test you but take it with a smile on your face and a respectful tone in
3. Keep Your Eyes and Ears Open While Keeping your Mouth Shut
In this role you will see and hear many things, you will know of many
actor conflicts and the last thing you should be doing is spreading those
stories around. Don’t feel the need to promote yourself, your hard work
4. Think Ahead
Issues will arise throughout the run, try your hardest to plan ahead and
be prepared for any issues that may come your way during the rehearsal
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In this line of work there never seems to be enough time for everything
that needs to get done in the time given. Be efficient, stay up to date on
On time for you is late. You must be there before everyone else and you
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Stage Manager Kit Essentials
Essentially, your stage manager kit is going to be filled with every little thing that you
could ever imagine needing during a duration of the production you are working on.
Ruler/Straight Edge
Measuring Tape
Sewing Kit
Bobby Pins
Graft Tape
Spike Tape
Water/Snacks
Tweezers
Nail File
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Scissors
Smartphone
Chalk/Pencils/Pens/Eraser
Stopwatch
Of course, there are endless more things that could be added to your kit in the hopes of making
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Five Important Periods During a Production
1. Pre-Rehearsal Period:
Reading Script
2. Rehearsal Period:
The time to see that everything will work together as a team consistently
5. Opening/Run Period
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Prompt Book: The In’s and Out’s
An annotated copy of a play for the use of the stage manager throughout the rehearsal
To create this book, you want to have an 8 ½ in x 11 in pages with the script in the
middle leaving space to write cues on the sides, the page proceeding the script should
be completely blank and will be used for writing the blocking of the dialogue
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Master Calendars
A master calendar will contain all the important dates that are relevant to the
production that the calendar is for. This master calendar will be distributed to designers,
the director, the assistant stage managers, basically everyone whom it concerns
It is your job as a stage manager to set this master calendar up for the production. In
order to do this, you need to communicate with all the designers and whom it concerns
for certain dates. Keep open lines of communication and make sure to confirm all of the
dates with everyone before you send out the schedule. This master calendar should be
kept in your prompt book and if any modifications are made along the way everyone
Deadlines for set drawings – This will relate directly to the scenic designer. It is when the
set design/ground plan of our set is due, so we can begin working with it in rehearsals or
begin building.
Deadline for lighting plot/lighting plans – This will relate directly to the lighting
designer. It is when the plot for lighting is due, so the director can approve the ideas and
then hanging and focusing can begin as soon as possible, this is typically due after the
lighting designer is able to see a rough version of the show with the finalized blocking.
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Deadline for printing of scripts for actors/director/designers/etc. – This one is most
likely on you or your assistants. Printing things will usually fall on you, as well as
distributing these things. This deadline will be placed for before rehearsals actually
begin.
Date for Auditions/Callbacks – This date is self-explanatory. You must coordinate with
the audition space owners as well as whoever is attending and judging auditions and
callbacks.
Full rehearsal schedule for actors – things like who is called when, where, times and
dates, etc.
Work Calls – When crew hands as well as the TD will be called to work on set pieces and
Production Meetings
Load-In Day – When you bring all the supplies for the set into the theatre
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Costume Fitting Dates
Dress Parade – This is after all costumes are complete and it isn’t always performed. It
lets the actors move and get a feel for their costumes
Invitational Dress/Previews
Dress Rehearsals
Paper Tech
Fire Inspection
Flameproofing of set
Opening Night
Understudy rehearsals
Closing Night
If you plan to have every aspect of the production in its final shape all at the same time, you are
likely to have problems. But by spacing deadlines for various aspects of the production, you
may check on, and overcome, small crises rather than have to face (and optimally surmount)
total panic.
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Callboard Set Up
What is a Callboard?
The callboard is the place to post the rehearsal schedule and company rules for the
actors and stage hands viewing. It’s basically a backstage bulletin board for the cast,
crew, and staff. Actors and crew will typically sign in on this board to make it easier for
you to know who is late or missing and who you need to call. It is usually located near
the stage door where it can’t be missed when coming in or leaving just in case there are
Emergency Contact Phone Numbers – This includes fire, police, ambulance, etc.
When the next call is, also where and who is called
Sign-In Sheet
Company Rules
Cast List
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Preliminary Plots
Preliminary plots are started prior to the rehearsal process of a production. They are
created based on the script mostly to make sure nothing is overlooked. They are a very
loose interpretation of the production and are heavily subjected to change. The lists will
These lists are separated by department: lighting, sound, set, property, and costume.
There also can be plots pertaining to actors, special effects, and miscellaneous
A very important thing to remember during the construction of these lists is to NEVER
propose a suggestion inappropriately. It’ll most likely do nothing but step on other
people’s toes.
One copy should be kept in your prompt book and other copies should be handed to
All finalized lists will have any and all cues included in the show and these cues will be
described in detail
Scenic Plot:
This one is slightly tricky and will rely more on what the director and scenic designer
want to do with the playing area. But if there are bigger pieces that appear to be
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needed for the show you can write those and allow for the director and scenic designer
This list, though starts very minimal, will get highly specific by the end of the design
process
It will end up being a list of scenes and the scenic elements needed for each section
For the attached play, “The Lost Coin”, I highlighted in green the scenic aspects that
would be included on the initial plot. Things like a window, a mantle, a television, and
others are included and can be changed around by the director and scenic designer
Light Plot:
This plot should highlight the beginning and ends of scenes, most of those moments will
We should also include “demand cues”, like a fireplace is lit, or a light switch is flipped,
Any questions regarding lighting or house lights should be presented in this plot
If there’s little to goof of or if it seems important, a shift of mood in the script can be
In “The Lost Coin”, the lighting indicators are highlighted in yellow to give an idea of
some of the things to be included on the plot. There is an indication of candle lights and
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Sound Plot:
The sound plot will include sounds within the play as well as any pre-show music, bow
Things within the show that make noise should be included. Things such as phones,
Another important sound aspect to the production is the backstage use of headsets.
Feel free to pose questions about if headset communication will be utilized and how it
Put questions about floor mics, live mics, wireless mics, and things of that nature
If we are doing a musical, will there be a band? Will they be using tracks?
Some examples are highlighted in orange in “The Lost Coin”, sound effects include
Costume Plot:
Costume plots not only outline certain things that a character will be wearing but it will
also sketch out quick changes that will require changing backstage or any changes in
general
For the costume plot we will also develop an actor tracking chart which will show the
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If there’s anything specific in the script pertaining to a character’s costume like a watch
Any important pieces of information in the script telling us where the character is
Note the period that the play is set in or the period that the director is focusing the
Attached in “The Lost Coin”, the color purple is things that pertain to important costume
Property Plot:
On this plot, we will include props that are needed for the show as well as where those
props come from on a prop tracking list (what side of the stage will it enter or exit if it is
not already on the set, who will have the prop, who will set it, etc.). This list will most
likely include the most stuff early on due to the fact that most scripts talk about props
Make sure to note the difference between stage directions and character dialogue when
Note the different prop types: hand, set, dress, costume, effects, expendables
In “The Lost Coin”, the property plot points are highlighted in pink. Thinks like comics,
coins, wallets, etc. are included. It is also important to look at what characters are
carrying or finding the props. Like the wallet is already found in Donald’s back pocket
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Special Effects Plot:
Things like fog, rain, traps, flying, etc. should be included within this plot
Miscellaneous Plot:
This plot should include any questions or concerns that won’t fit on any other
preliminary plot. An example of this is maybe the cast list includes 10 actors, but it
appears that there are 12 speaking roles. Will we cast more actors or have certain actors
double in roles?
Typos in the script can be highlighted here. Thins like missing words, misspellings,
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Important Information for Auditions
Auditions Tips!
Most of the time SM’s will organize and set up auditions, not always but you should be
Audition advertising is very important, and you need to make sure that all necessary
All the information that is on the casting call should be approved by the director before
What roles are available for casting? Give age ranges and character descriptions (or a
link to these)
When are the show dates, or dates in which you need to be available?
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Are there any casting policies that the public should be aware of? Is the casting racially
blind or is a specific race wanted? Is it gender fluid or is there a set gender for each
part? Etc.
Are there any suggested readings about the history of the play or about the characters
Where will the performances be taken place if it is different from the audition space?
Name
Phone Number
Age
Address
Height
Weight
Eye color
Hair color
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Past Experience
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Stage Directions and Blocking for Various Spaces
There are many different types of theatre spaces that you could possibly be working in
and it is very important to know how to lay out your space and accurately show the
Proscenium Space:
See attached document to see how entrances/exits are labeled and other nifty points
about blocking
Blocking is needed to account for what is going on with the actors throughout the show.
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This is to benefit and help the director and actors as well as to show to the lighting
Throughout the rehearsal process, actors may add or subtract points of their blocking it
is your job as a stage manager to remind them what they actually need to be doing
and going. In these cases, it’s good for the SM to have the blocking in case the director is
If we have the blocking, we can have an ASM fill in for an actor if needed
There is also something called graphic blocking (examples will be attached!). This is
basically writing where the actors are at the beginning and end of scenes in the cases of
bigger ensembles.
Unconventional Blocking:
Sometimes, typically in a black box space, we will have various different playing spaces
which becomes hard to block out. In these cases, there has to be heavy conversation
with the director and design team to designate the main playing areas and how we will
Most of the time we use compass directions (North, South, East, West)
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Preparations for the Rehearsal Period
In this profession it is very important to be able to contact any actor at the drop of a hat,
so you need to compile a cast list with all the actor given information received at
auditions or callbacks. The list should include the character, full name of the actor who
plays the character exactly as that actor wishes the name to appear in the program,
address, home phone, cell phone, work or business phone, service number, e-mail
This list will be distributed to all designers, director, ASM’s, and maybe even the cast
Make sure all doors to the space are unlocked that need to be
Make sure the pace is accurately taped out, whether it is the full stage or just set pieces
Set up any rehearsal/actual props that will be needed for the rehearsal
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Make sur the temperature of the space is okay
If needed, set up tables or an area for you and your director and any of the design team
Post reminders about costume fittings or publicity events that the actors should be
aware of
See the Assistant Stage Manager section for information about their tasks
Write down any questions pertaining to the meeting held after rehearsal
Greet actors, see how everyone is doing, make sure they all sign in, ask late actors why
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Your Duties After Rehearsal/Outside of Rehearsal:
Put away tables and chairs set up for the director and SM to take notes at
Check in with scene shop and costume shop to stay connected and up to date
Let the actors know their next call time and where the rehearsal will be
Daily SM Meetings:
These will be held after the rehearsal concludes. They will typically include the SM and
his/her assistance and occasionally the director if they have anything to contribute.
If the SM and ASM were in two separate parts of the rehearsal, bring each other up to
speed on what was dine and share notes, so they can all be included in the rehearsal
report
Make a checklist for exactly what needs to happen in the next rehearsal
Make sure everyone isn’t too stressed out, you need to continue to fairly be giving out
assignments
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Rehearsal Reports:
The rehearsal report is a summary of what happened that day at rehearsal along with
basically all of the information that is important that occurred. You’ve got to be keeping
notes of anything that will need to go in this report throughout the rehearsal.
Have a form created that works for you and that will be able to hold all the important
info
Absences or lateness of the cast or crew include a reason if there was one
given
Name of the show, producing organization, date, author, who the report
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Accidents/Injuries of any kind, a full accident report needs to be filled out
also
Delays and what the reasons were for any that occur
costume department
Location of rehearsal
Any upcoming production meetings? Who is called for them? When and
Any questions or concerns to the owners of the space or people who are
in charge
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Use of Assistant Stage Managers
Assistants will be used for the less important aspects of the show, so the main SM can
Taking line notes when actors drop a line, skip a line, mess up a line, jump a line, etc.
Make sure all the props are set correctly and are in order
Be aware of the shorthand key for line notes (C—called for line or went up on line, P—
cue, H—handle—added extra word not in script prior to line, S—sequence, jumped out
of)
Any little things that’ll make your life easier can be tasks they can pick up
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Preparing Your Space for Rehearsals
To tape out a space you need a tape measure, cloth spike tape, possibly a chalk line, and
Basically, you start by finding your center line of the space, use the tape measure to
measure across the space to find the ideal middle that will work best for our conditions.
If using a chalk line, the line is placed and snapped on the centerline and then it is taped
The plaster line is the next important part. In your measurements and your knowledge
of the blocking you should know the exact point to put the plaster line (make sure if the
actors need the apron then there is enough space for that to happen). The plaster line is
With this base down we will be able to put some markers to show where you can enter
and exit the space and where exactly the ends of the stage are
If there are any set pieces they should be measured across from centerline and then
down from the plaster line. Their upstage and offstage corners should be spiked out, so
you can see where they are located. (in a black box we measure from the set line
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Working with Your Director
Just like you have assistants, we will act as an assistant to the director. Our job for them
It is the directors job to make creative decisions and to interpret the show, our job is to
help to expedite the rehearsals, so the director can have as much time as possible to
work with the cast and also the stage manager must accept responsibility of all the
technical sides of things, its our job to make sure it all runs smoothly
The tricky thing is that the SM must not step on any toes, we have absolutely no say in
The SM should always be a step ahead of their director, and be ready for anything at all
to be thrown at them
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Essential Theatre Safety
First things first, fire safety!! Make sure to let everyone in the audience and in the cast
and crew where their safest exit option will be in the event of a fire
Early on in the rehearsal process a fire Marshall should visit you, so they can inspect
your set and make sure the whole area is safe and fire proof
In terms of firearm use in a show you must be VERY VERY careful in these cases. You will
lock up the gun before and after the show and you will be the only one with access to
Shows either use completely fake guns accompanied with a gun shot sound which is a
All guns need to be treated as though they are armed and dangerous! You never know
If in a touring show, you must check state and federal lines before carrying a firearm
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Writing and Calling Cues and Technical Rehearsals
Technical Rehearsals:
The point of technical rehearsals is to coordinate and integrate the light, sound, special
You will continue to be the middle man between all aspects of the production when you
begin this process, you are making sure everyone else’s visions are being carried out
perfectly.
During technical rehearsal you will prepare for many little things, one of those little
things is if an actors line that carries a cute is dropped or if something like that happens,
There will be full production meetings basically after every technical rehearsals to speak
During tech, it is your responsibility to give your assistants and any stage hands their
tasks and exactly what they need to do which should be specified on the plots made
throughput the process. You can place your ASM in charge of the backstage world while
If glow tape is used make sure it always gets charged before a performance, make it a
Another thing about glow tape, ask actors if they need it!! They become scared to speak
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Pre and Post Sow Lists should be created and strictly followed at all times
Sometimes you get to use a god mic! Make sure what you’re using this everyone is
Once we get to dress, all technicians need to be in their places at five minutes and all
actors must be backstage at half hour and at places when places are called
Cues!! These are what you’re here for, your biggest job! You’ll be calling every cue you
can think of, from lowering the house lights to cuing the fatal gun shot should to making
the fog machine start, it will all fall on you once technical rehearsals begin.
First, we can talk about writing cues in your script, ill attach some examples to see a
The cutes will go in the right-hand margin of the prompt book script, so it will be easy to
The better the pattern that you have, the easier to follow, the more successful you will
be!
At the top of your page you can include warnings if there are going to be a whole ton of
cues getting called on that page. It’ll get your crew to pipe up and be ready to get
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These warnings will always get a response, so you know that everyone is aware of what
is about to happen.
Before half hour strikes for dress rehearsals or for performance we must do a dark
check, this entails that we turn all the lights we can off to make sur no weird random
light is on
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I hope you’ve learned a lot about being a pretty decent Stage Manager!
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