UN13_EX02

When did Alexandar Graham Bell invent the telephone?

- The telephone was invented in 1876.

What converted voice to and from electrical signals in Bell's time?

- Crude electromagnetic devices converted voice to and from electrical signals.

Who enabled manual selection of telephone destinations initially?

- Manual selection of telephone destinations was initally by human operators.

What spawned the invention of integrated circuits?

- The inventions of integrated circuits was swapned by the transistor.

What chellenges do the networking techonoligists face?

- The networking techonoligists are face with growing number of network

What type of networks will enable the users to design their own services?

- The users will be enabled to design their own service by intellegent network.

UN13_EX04

1.Broadly, any communications over long distances. TELECOMUNICATION

2.Data which has been recorded, classified, organized, related or interpreted within a framework so
that meanings emerges. INFORMATION

3.Making, breaking or changing the connections in an electrical circuits. SWITHCING

4.A number of radio or television broadcast stations connected by coaxial cable, radio, or wire lines,
so all stations can broadcast the same program simultaneously. NETWORK

5.The result of connecting two or more networks so that computers in each network can share data
and devices. INTERNET

6. The network of tens of thousands of interconnected networks in a great number of countries that
use the TCP/IP networking communications protocol. It is largest network of computers in the world.
It provides email, file transfer, news, remote login and access to thousands of database. INTERNET

7.Communication that involves the use of an active or passive satellite to extand the range of a radio,
television, or other transmitter by returning signals to earth from an orbiting satellite. SATELITE
COMMUNICATION
UN13_EX10

1. I have never been able to understand maths.

2. I'm sorry to have to tell you this.
3. The child has always been allowed to go out alone.
4. We have had to get new shoes for both the kids.
5. He dont like to be able to travel abroad more.
6. One day, everbody will be able to untedstands this.
7. I am afraid you will have to help me with work
8. I would hate to have to study anything but electronis.
9. I would have enjoyed the lecture more if I had been allowed to speak Franch.

UN13_EX12

1. Through my window I can see mountains.

2. I can smell something burning. I hope its not my toast.
3. I can hear somone playing records next door.
4. This isnt't my coffee – I cant sugar in it.
5. It's Ann who has made this lovely lunch today: you can taste it.

UN14_

ISP mobility services for wireless users are currently delivered over a variety of networks and
technologies, including GSM, GPRS, satelite, wireless MAN, WLAN and many others. However,none
of these solutions can be considered really universal becouse each is targeted to a specific set of
services and applications, and therefore has different characteristics in terms of geographical
coverage, bandwidht, dealy and so on. As a cosequence allowing transparent user roaming among
different wireless networks in the best way to deliver the widest range of services anywhere and cost
effectively for both the user and the service provider. In particular, it is expected that the same
geographical region will be coverage by several wireless overlay networks, so it will be up to the user
to decide when to switch from one wireless access to another based on availabillity or
cost/performance considerations. For ex. When in the office, the mobile user will typically perform
data retrieval from internet through the local 10 mb/s WLAN, even if satellite, metropolitan or GSM
coverage is available. Nevertheless, the same user will need to perform a seamless handoff to al
lower-speed wireless WAN in order to continue working almost undisturbed even when moving
outside.
UN14_EX04

1. difficulty or disadvantage – drowback

2. direct –

3. continuation – extansion

4. to give as a share – allcate

5. method of operation –

6. abruptly increasing –

7. point of conncetion –

8. laid over something else-

9. transfer of control-

UN14_EX05

1. Fractional – universal
2. Cause – consequance
3. Ineffecitively efficetively
4. User – provider
5. Data storage – data retieval
6. Discontinous –

UN14_EX07

1. The range of difference between the limiting frequencies of a continous frequency band in
telecommunications. BANDWIDHT
2. A strict set of rules or procedures for initiating and maintaing data communications.
PROTOCOL
3. A connection or common boundary between two spaces or things, specifice uses include:
Computer Technology: the physical or logical connection between a computer and the user,
a peripheral device, or a communications link. Computer programming: the communication
between a calling program and a subroutine. INTERFACE

UN14_EX09

1. You look tired. I think you should take a holiday.

2. Tell Bill he must do the washing up immediately.
3. Visitory are remainded that they should keep their bags with them.
4. I'm sorry, but you must leave. We dont want you here.
5. I really must go on a diet. I will start on Monday!
6. You absolutely must check the engine before going on such a long trip.
7. You should attend a lectures more regularly.