Chapter 8

FOUNDATION DESIGN
 INTRODUCTION

 Foundation is a part of structure, which

interfaces the superstructure to the adjacent
zone of soil or rock below it.
 The purpose of having a foundation is to
transfer the superstructure loads to the
underlying soil or rock without overstressing the
soil or rock.
INTRODUCTION

 The three basic requirements of a satisfactory

foundation.
i. The foundation must be properly located with
respect to any future influences which could affect
its performances.
ii. The foundation, including the soil below it, must be
stable and safe from failure.
iii. The foundation must not settle sufficiently to
damage the structure.
TYPES OF FOUNDATION

 Shallow Foundation
 Shallow foundations are used to transmit the
loads of the superstructure to the adjacent soil
below it.
 The types of shallow foundation available are:
 pad foundation,
 combined foundation, and
 raft foundation.
Combined Footing
Raft Foundation
DEEP FOUNDATION

 Deep foundations are used to transfer the

structural loads to a deeper soil strata and
when the soils are subjected to scour.
 The different types of deep foundations
available are:
 piles,
 piers and
 caissons.
Pile Foundation
Pile Foundation
PAD FOUNDATION DESIGN
 DESIGN OF PAD FOOTING

 STEP-1: calculation of footing area