Professional Documents
Culture Documents
measuring
cylinder
2 A student uses a stopwatch to time a runner running around a circular track. The runner runs two
laps (twice around the track). The diagrams show the reading on the stopwatch when the runner
starts running, at the end of the first lap, and at the end of the second lap.
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What is the time taken for the runner to run the second lap?
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400
planet P
weight / N
300
planet Q
200
100
0
0 20 40 60 80
mass / kg
A 40 200
B 40 400
C 80 200
D 80 400
2 cm
A 2g B 6g C 14 g D 24 g
3 A scientist needs to determine the volume of a small, irregularly shaped rock sample. Only a rule
and a measuring cylinder, partially filled with water, are available.
cm3 0625/13/M/J/10
measuring
cylinder
3
4 The diagram shows a rectangular block of density 2 g / cm . 0625/13/M/J/10
3 cm
2 cm
2 cm
A 2g B 6g C 14 g D 24 g
1 The diagram shows an enlarged drawing of the end of a metre rule. It is being used to measure
the length of a small feather.
10 20 30
mm
cm 1 2 3
2 The diagram shows an enlarged drawing of the end of a metre rule. It is being used to measure
the length of a small feather.
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10 20 30
mm
cm 1 2 3
A 19 mm B 29 mm C 19 cm D 29 cm
FORCES
9 An experiment is carried out to measure the extension of a rubber band for different loads.
load / N 0 1 2 3
length / cm 15.2 16.2 18.6
extension / cm 0 1.0 2.1 3.4
5 The diagram shows a balance being used to find the weight of a baby. The weight of the basket
At equilibrium, the pivot is nearer to the weight W than to the baby. 0625/11/M/J/11
centre of mass
of beam
pivot
W
load / N 0 1 2 3
length / cm 15.2 16.2 18.6
extension / cm 0 1.0 2.1 3.4
8 Two blocks of metal X and Y hang from spring balances as shown in the diagram.
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N0 N0
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
X
Y
A They have the same mass and the same volume but different weights.
B They have the same mass and the same weight but different volumes.
C They have the same mass, the same volume and the same weight.
D They have the same weight and the same volume but different masses.
7 Objects with different masses are hung on a spring. The diagram shows how much the spring
stretches.
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10 cm
20 cm
30 cm
100 g
The extension of the spring is directly proportional to the mass hung on it.
upper deck
lower deck
Why is this?
8 A geologist places a small rock on the left-hand pan of a balance. The two pans are level as
shown when masses with a total weight of 23 N are placed on the right-hand pan.
Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 10 N.
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rock masses
A B
X
X
70
20
P P
C D
X X
45 45
P P
6 Four objects are each acted on by only two forces, as shown. 0625/11/M/J/15
Which object is in equilibrium?
A B C D
1.0 N 2.0 N 3.0 N 4.0 N
7 The extension-load graph for a spring is shown. The unstretched length of the spring is 17.0 cm.
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3
extension / cm
0
0 1 2 3 4
load / N
When an object is hung from the spring, the length of the spring is 19.2 cm.
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N0 spring N0
balance
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
holder
for discs
two
discs
eight
discs
8
A force acts on a moving rubber ball. 0625/11/O/N/10
Which of these changes could not happen to the ball because of the force?
A a change in direction
B a change in mass
C a change in shape
D a change in speed
9 An experiment is carried out to measure the extension of a rubber band for different loads.
load / N 0 1 2 3
length / cm 15.2 16.2 18.6
extension / cm 0 1.0 2.1 3.4
A chemical chemical
B chemical internal (thermal)
C electrical chemical
D electrical internal (thermal)
A gravitational the energy due to the movement of a train along a level track
B internal the energy due to the flow of cathode rays in a cathode-ray tube
C kinetic the energy due to the position of a swimmer standing on a
high diving board
D strain the energy due to the compression of springs in a car seat
A hydroelectric
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B nuclear fission
C tides
D waves
10 Two farmers use an electrically powered elevator to lift bales of hay. All the bales of hay have the
same mass.
bale of hay
As sunset approaches, they increase the speed of the motor so that more bales are lifted up in a
given time.
How does this affect the work done in lifting each bale and the useful output power of the motor?
A increases decreases
B increases increases
C no change decreases
D no change increases
13 In which pair of energy sources are both sources renewable? 0625/13/M/J/12
A oil and coal
B oil and tidal
C tidal and geothermal
D tidal and nuclear fission
reservoir
pipe
water
power
station
escalator lift
The escalator takes 20 seconds to carry a man to street level. The useful work done is W. The
useful power developed is P. The lift takes 30 seconds to carry the same man to street level.
How much useful work is done by the lift, and how much useful power is developed by the lift?
weight / N length / mm
0 520
1.0 524
2.0 528
3.0 533
4.0 537
5.0 540
What is the extension of the spring when the weight hung from it is 3.0 N?
A 4 mm B 5 mm C 12 mm D 13 mm
8 Which energy resource is used to generate electricity without using any moving parts?
A geothermal 0625/11/M/J/15
B hydroelectric
C nuclear
D solar
The cyclist applies his brakes and the cycle stops at point Y. 0625/11/M/J/15
X
hill
Y
A B
distance distance
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
0 2 cm 12
A 12 cm / s
20
B 12 − 2 cm / s
20
C 20 cm / s
12
20
D cm / s
12 − 2
4 A car is moving downhill along a road at a constant speed.
0625/13/M/J/12
Which graph is the speed / time graph for the car?
A B
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
stage P Q R S
During which two stages is the car travelling at the same average speed?
A B
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
distance distance
0 0
0 time 0 time
2 A car moves with constant speed and then constant acceleration. 0625/11/M/J/15
Which graph is the speed-time graph for the car?
A B C D
0 0 0 0
0 time 0 time 0 time 0 time
3 A car travels 100 km. The journey takes two hours. The highest speed of the car is 80 km / h, and
the lowest speed is 40 km / h.
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What is the average speed for the journey?
A 40 km / h B 50 km / h C 60 km / h D 120 km / h
8 A car travels along the route PQRST in 30 minutes.
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S
5 km
Q 10 km
T
5 km
10 km
R
P
9 The diagram shows the speed / time graph for an object moving at constant speed.
2 0625/13/O/N/10
speed
m/s
1
0
0 1 2 3 4
time / s
A 10 m B 27 m C 30 m D 90 m
2 The graph shows how the speed of a car changes with time.
0625/11/O/N/14
speed
0
U V W X Y time
2 The graph shows how the speed of a car changes with time. 0625/13/O/N/14
speed
0
U V W X Y time
2 Two stones of different weight fall at the same time from a table. Air resistance may be ignored.
A both stones hit the floor at the same time acceleration of free fall is constant
B both stones hit the floor at the same time they fall at constant speed
C the heavier stone hits the floor first acceleration increases with weight
D the heavier stone hits the floor first speed increases with weight
PRESSURE
12 To prevent a cement mixer sinking into soft ground, the mixer is placed on a large flat board.
cement mixer
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board
soft ground
pressure to
be measured
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h
mercury
The mercury in the manometer is replaced with a liquid which is less dense.
A It becomes zero.
B It decreases, but not to zero.
C It stays the same.
D It increases.
11 To prevent a cement mixer sinking into soft ground, the mixer is placed on a large flat board.
board
soft ground
pressure to 0625/13/M/J/10
be measured
h
mercury
The mercury in the manometer is replaced with a liquid which is less dense.
A It becomes zero.
B It decreases, but not to zero.
C It stays the same.
D It increases.
11 A brick with flat, rectangular sides rests on a table.
brick
table
The brick is now turned so that it rests on the table on its smallest face.
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How has this affected the force and the pressure exerted by the brick on the table?
force pressure
A increased increased
B increased unchanged
C unchanged increased
D unchanged unchanged
12 The diagram shows two mercury barometers. 0625/11/M/J/11
Barometer 1 is measuring atmospheric pressure on day 1.
mercury
point X point Y
A The atmospheric pressure on day 1 is less than the atmospheric pressure on day 2.
B The atmospheric pressure on day 1 is the same as the atmospheric pressure on day 2.
C The pressure at point X is less than the pressure at point Y.
D The pressure at point X is the same as the pressure at point Y.
What happens to the average speed of the molecules and to the pressure of the gas in the
cylinder as the temperature rises?
average speed of
gas pressure
the gas molecules 0625/11/M/J/11
A falls falls
B falls rises
C rises falls
D rises rises
13 A sealed gas cylinder is left outside on a hot, sunny day.
0625/12/M/J/11
What happens to the average speed of the molecules and to the pressure of the gas in the
cylinder as the temperature rises?
average speed of
gas pressure
the gas molecules
A falls falls
B falls rises
C rises falls
D rises rises
mercury
point X point Y
A The atmospheric pressure on day 1 is less than the atmospheric pressure on day 2.
B The atmospheric pressure on day 1 is the same as the atmospheric pressure on day 2.
C The pressure at point X is less than the pressure at point Y.
D The pressure at point X is the same as the pressure at point Y.
11 A water manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply.
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gas
supply
initial level 10 cm
of water 10 cm
water
When it is attached to the gas supply, the water falls on the left side and rises on the right side.
The difference in the levels of water on the two sides is now 20 cm.
10 A chair is placed on protective cups to prevent damage to the carpet underneath it.
chair 0625/13/O/N/11
carpet
protective cups
How do the cups change the area of contact with the carpet and the pressure on it?
A decreased decreased
B decreased increased
C increased decreased
D increased increased
12 A chair is placed on protective cups to prevent damage to the carpet underneath it.
chair 0625/11/O/N/11
carpet
protective cups
How do the cups change the area of contact with the carpet and the pressure on it?
A decreased decreased
B decreased increased
C increased decreased
D increased increased
gas
supply
initial level 10 cm
of water 10 cm
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water
When it is attached to the gas supply, the water falls on the left side and rises on the right side.
The difference in the levels of water on the two sides is now 20 cm.
25 cm
mercury
75 cm
5 cm
A 25 cm B 75 cm C 80 cm D 100 cm
13 A dam across a lake is divided into two sections by a rock. Section X is longer than section Y but
the two sections are otherwise identical. The water in the lake by the dam is the same depth
everywhere. The diagram shows a view from above of the lake and the dam.
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section X of dam
water in
lake
rock
section Y of dam
The water creates a force on each section of the dam and a pressure on each section of the dam.
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The pin is pushed into a wooden board.
How do the pressure and the force at the sharp point compare with the pressure and the force at
the flat end?
A greater than at the flat end greater than at the flat end
B greater than at the flat end less than at the flat end
C the same as at the flat end greater than at the flat end
D the same as at the flat end less than at the flat end
gas Q
supply
water
There is a gas leak and the pressure of the gas supply falls.
What happens to the water level at P and what happens to the water level at Q?
Two swimming pools contain fresh water and two contain salt water. Fresh water is less dense
than salt water.
Which diver feels the least pressure from the water? 0625/11/O/N/13
A B C D
gas
A The gas molecules collide with the inside of the jar more often as the temperature increases.
B The gas molecules move more slowly as the temperature increases.
C The pressure of the gas decreases as the temperature increases.
D The pressure of the gas is higher at the top of the jar than at the bottom of the jar.
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A They expand.
B They hit the walls less often.
C They move further apart.
D They move more quickly.
15 A liquid is left in an open dish. After several days there is less liquid in the dish.
16 A thermometer has a scale which starts at –10 °C and ends at 110 °C.
C
What is the value of the lower fixed point and of the upper fixed point of the scale?
A –10 100
B –10 110
C 0 100
D 0 110
17 A student carries out an experiment to find the melting point of wax. The graph shows how the
temperature of the wax changes as it cools.
X
temperature
/ C
Y
melting point
of wax Z
0
0
time
18 Hot liquid in a vacuum flask cools extremely slowly. This is because some methods of heat
transfer cannot take place in a vacuum.
19 A teacher demonstrates convection currents using a box with two chimneys and a lighted candle.
She holds a smoking taper at point P.
In which direction does the convection current cause the smoke to move?
P
A C
Looking through a microscope, small specks of light are seen to be moving in a random, jerky
manner.
eye
microscope
0625/11/O/N/12
light
pollen grains
in water
15 A swimmer feels cold after leaving warm water on a warm, windy day.
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Why does she feel cold even though the air is warm?
time
18 A night storage heater contains a large block of material that is heated electrically during the
night. During the day the block cools down, releasing thermal energy into the room.
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Which thermal capacity and which night-time temperature increase will cause the most energy to
be stored by the block?
A large large
B large small
C small large
D small small
19 After a sheep has its wool cut off, it is harder for it to stay warm when the air temperature falls.
What explains this increase in pressure in terms of the motion of air molecules?
15 The table lists the melting points and the boiling points of four different substances.
A –219 –183
B –7 58
C 98 890
D 1083 2582
Which values should she use for the lower fixed point and for the upper fixed point?
S N P Q
magnet iron bar
A north north
B north south
C south north
D south south
A α-particle
0625/11/M/J/09
B electron
C neutron
D proton
28 Using the circuit shown, the current I is found for various voltages V. The temperature of the
resistor does not change.
variable direct
0625/11/M/J/09
voltage
V
A B C D
I I I I
0 0 0 0
0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V
X A A Y
3.0 5.0
31 In the circuit below, one of the lamps breaks, causing all the other lamps to go out.
A C D
B
30 In the circuits shown, all the resistors are identical.
0625/11/M/J/09
Which circuit has the least resistance?
A B
C D
32 Either a fuse or a circuit-breaker can be used to protect electrical cables from large currents that
could cause overheating.
X cable
live
electrical
Y appliance
supply
neutral
cable
If a fuse is used, in which position in the circuit should it be connected, and if a circuit-breaker is
used, in which position should it be connected?
0625/11/M/J/09
position position of
of fuse circuit-breaker
A X X
B X Y
C Y X
D Y Y
33 The current in a lamp at full brightness is 0.25 A. The flexible cable to the lamp is designed for
currents up to 5.0 A, so it can safely carry the 0.25 A taken by the lamp.
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Which fuse should be inserted in the plug at the other end of the flexible cable?
34 A wire perpendicular to the page carries an electric current in a direction out of the page. There
are four compasses near the wire.
Which compass shows the direction of the magnetic field caused by the current?
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A C
wire with
current out
of page
X
output
What is component X?
A a light-dependent resistor
B a relay
C a thermistor
D a variable resistor
A B
C D
17
core
primary coil
Which row shows a suitable material for the primary coil and a suitable material for the core?
A copper copper
B copper iron
C iron copper
D iron iron
A α-particles
B electrons
C protons
D tungsten atoms
ferrous non-ferrous
A aluminium copper
B copper iron
C iron steel
D steel aluminium
A ampere
B joule
C volt
D watt
28 Some resistors are made using one type of wire. Two different lengths of wire are available. Each
length is available in two different diameters.
A the wire with the greater length and the larger diameter
B the wire with the greater length and the smaller diameter
C the wire with the smaller length and the larger diameter
D the wire with the smaller length and the smaller diameter
29 Four students are each given an identical resistor and asked to find its resistance. They each
measure the potential difference across the resistor and the current in it.
Which row shows the results of the student that makes a mistake?
A 1.2 0.500
B 2.4 1.100
C 1.5 0.625
D 3.0 1.250
A B C D
88:88
21 A navigation buoy floating on the sea oscillates up and down as a wave passes.
navigation
buoy
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Which arrow correctly shows the direction of the ray after it leaves the edge of the glass?
0625/11/M/J/10
normal
ray of
D
light
i
glass
air C
A
B
23 Which diagram correctly shows rays of light passing through a converging lens in a camera?
A B
camera camera
object object
image image
lens lens
C D
camera camera
object object
image image
lens lens
24 What is the approximate value of the highest frequency that can be heard by a young person?
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20 Which waves are longitudinal?
A B C D
0625/11/M/J/10
88:88
25 A police car siren emits two different sounds P and Q. These are produced alternately. The
diagram represents the sounds emitted.
P P P
displacement 0625/11/M/J/10
Q Q
time
Which sound is the louder and which has the lower pitch?
A P P
B P Q
C Q P
D Q Q
21 A police car siren emits two different sounds P and Q. These are produced alternately. The
diagram represents the sounds emitted.
P P P
displacement
Q Q
time
Which sound is the louder and which has the lower pitch?
0625/13/M/J/10
louder lower pitch
A P P
B P Q
C Q P
D Q Q
22 What is the approximate value of the highest frequency that can be heard by a young person?
23 A navigation buoy floating on the sea oscillates up and down as a wave passes.
navigation
buoy 0625/13/M/J/10
A B
camera camera
object object
image image
lens lens
C D
camera camera
object object
image image
lens lens
25 The diagram shows a ray of light incident on the edge of a piece of glass. The angle i is bigger
than the critical angle.
Which arrow correctly shows the direction of the ray after it leaves the edge of the glass?
0625/13/M/J/10
normal
ray of
D
light
i
glass
air C
A
B
19 Water waves can be used to show reflection, refraction and diffraction.
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For each of these, which row shows whether or not the speed of the water waves changes?
For each of these, which row shows whether or not the speed of the water waves changes?
In two seconds, three wave crests are produced on the surface of the water.
wave P
crests
X 0625/11/M/J/11
0625/11/M/J/11
Why does dispersion occur when white light enters the glass?
A The frequency of red light decreases more than that of violet light.
B The frequency of violet light decreases more than that of red light.
C The speed of red light decreases more than that of violet light.
D The speed of violet light decreases more than that of red light.
22 A thin converging lens is used to produce, on a screen, a focused image of a candle.
screen
image
lens
candle
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Various focused images are produced on the screen by moving the lens and the screen
backwards and forwards.
A diffraction
B dispersion
C reflection
D refraction
24 A student listens to a machine that makes sounds of different frequencies. He can only hear one
of the sounds.
0625/12/M/J/11
25 A student claps once when standing 100 m away from a large wall.
screen
image
lens
candle
Various focused images are produced on the screen by moving the lens and the screen
backwards and forwards.
A diffraction
B dispersion
C reflection
D refraction
ATOMIC PHYSICS
40 An atom of the element lithium has a nucleon number of 7 and a proton number of 3.
– –
n + +
+ + +
+ n n key
n = a neutron
– –
+ = a proton
–
– = an electron
C D (not to scale)
– –
– –
n n
+n+ +n+
n n n n
+ +
– –
– –
–
38 Which row shows the relative ionising effects and penetrating abilities of α-particles and
β-particles?
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ionising effect penetrating ability
4800
count rate
counts per minute
2400
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
time / hours
––
A 6 B 8 C 14 D 20
39 The diagram represents a carbon atom.
0625/13/M/J/13
––
––
key
neutron
+ + + proton
+ + – electron
+
+
––
A 6 B 8 C 14 D 20
40 The graph shows how the count rate on a detector due to a radioactive source changes with time.
4800
count rate
counts per minute
2400
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
time / hours
0 150
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60 120
120 95
180 75
240 60
A 60 seconds
B 120 seconds
C 180 seconds
D 240 seconds
39 The diagram shows a box used for storing radioactive sources. 0625/11/M/J/14
Which material is best for lining the box to prevent the escape of most radioactive emissions?
A aluminium
B copper
C lead
D steel