IEEE 738 AMPACITY MATLAB.

txt
%
% IEEE 738-2006 MATLAB implementation
%
% IEEE Standard for Calculating the Current-Temperature of Bare Overhead
Conductors
%
% Copyright (c) 2011 Steven Blair
%
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total_time = 7200; % seconds

points_per_second = 50;
number_of_points = points_per_second * total_time;
dt = total_time / number_of_points; % timestep (seconds)

I_ss = 500; % RMS steady-state load current (A)

I_f = 20000; % RMS fault current (A)
D = 22.8; % conductor diameter (mm)
area = D/1000; % projected area of conducter per unit length (m^2/m)
rho_f = 1.029; % density of air (kg/m^3)
H_e = 25; % elevation of conductor above sea level (m)
Ta = 25.0; % ambient temperature (degrees Celcius)
epsilon = 0.5; % emissivity
alpha = 0.5; % solar absorptivity
H_c = 72.5; % altitude of sun (degrees)
Z_c = 139; % azimuth of sun (degrees)
Z_l = 90.0; % azimuth of electrical line (degrees); 90 degrees (or 270
degrees) for east-west
R_T_high = 8.688e-5; % conductor unit resistance at high temperature reference
(ohm/m)
R_T_low = 7.283e-5; % conductor unit resistance at low temperature reference
(ohm/m)
T_high = 75.0; % high temperature reference (degrees)
T_low = 25.0; % low temperature reference (degrees)
mCp = 1.0 * 534; % conductor total heat capacity (J/m-Celcius). This value
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 IEEE 738 AMPACITY MATLAB.txt
assumes 1.0 kg/m cable of Aluminium Clad Steel, with specific heat = 534
J/(kg-C)
Q_s = -42.2391 + 63.8044*H_c - 1.9220*H_c^2 + 3.46921e-2*H_c^3 -
3.61118e-4*H_c^4 + 1.94318e-6*H_c^5 - 4.07608e-9*H_c^6;
K_solar = 1 + 1.148e-4*H_e - 1.108e-8*H_e^2;
Q_se = K_solar * Q_s;
theta = acos(cos(H_c) * cos(Z_c - Z_l));

melting_point_temperature = 660; % conductor melting point temperature

(degrees Celcius) (660C for aluminium)
found_melting_point = 0;
time_to_melt = 0;

%% Calculate initial (steady-state) conductor temperature from the steady-state

load current, using a binary search
I_ss_threshold = 0.01;
Tc_min = Ta;
Tc_max = Ta*1000;
I_ss_result = 0.0;
Tc_test = 0.0;

while ((I_ss_result > I_ss + I_ss_threshold) || (I_ss_result < I_ss -

I_ss_threshold))
Tc_test = (Tc_max + Tc_min) / 2;

I_ss_result = real(getI(Tc_test, R_T_high, R_T_low, T_high, T_low, Ta,

rho_f, D, epsilon, alpha, Q_se, theta, area));

if (I_ss_result == I_ss)
break;
elseif (I_ss_result > I_ss)
Tc_max = Tc_test;
else
Tc_min = Tc_test;
end
end

Tc_ss = Tc_test; % estimate of steady-state conductor temperature (degrees

Celcius)

%% Calculate the conductor temperature for a change in current that mimics a

fault and a two-shot auto-reclosure scheme
dTc_dt = zeros(1, number_of_points); % array of temperature increments per
timestep
I = zeros(1, number_of_points + 1); % array of current "waveform" over time
Tc = zeros(1, number_of_points + 1); % array of conductor temperature over
time
time = zeros(1, number_of_points + 1); % array of time
Tc(1) = Tc_ss;

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 IEEE 738 AMPACITY MATLAB.txt
% set current values
I(1 : 0.1*points_per_second) = I_ss; % pre-fault
current
I(1+0.1*points_per_second : 0.2*points_per_second) = I_f; % fault occurs
I(1+0.2*points_per_second : 0.5*points_per_second) = 0; % circuit breaker
opened, no current for 0.3s
I(1+0.5*points_per_second : 0.6*points_per_second) = I_f; % 1st reclosure
I(1+0.6*points_per_second : 1.6*points_per_second) = 0; % circuit breaker
opened, no current for 1.0s
I(1+1.6*points_per_second : 1.7*points_per_second) = I_f; % 2nd reclosure
I(1+1.7*points_per_second : number_of_points + 1) = 0; % lock-out

% loop through each time-step

for x=1:1:number_of_points
R_Tc = ((R_T_high - R_T_low) / (T_high - T_low)) * (Tc(x) - T_low) +
R_T_low; % replace with calculation
T_film = (Tc(x) + Ta) / 2;

% Conductor heat loss from natural convection, assuming no wind

q_cn = 0.0205 * rho_f^0.5 * D^0.75 * (Tc(x) - Ta)^1.25;

% Conductor heat loss from radiation

q_r = 0.0178 * D * epsilon * (((Tc(x) + 273)/100)^4 - ((Ta + 273)/100)^4);

% Solar heat gain in conductor

q_s = alpha * Q_se * sin(theta) * area;

% rate of change of temperature

dTc_dt(x) = (1 / (mCp)) * (R_Tc * I(x + 1)^2 + q_s - q_cn - q_r);

% calculate new conductor temperature, using an Euler integral

Tc(x + 1) = Tc(x) + dTc_dt(x) * dt;
time(x + 1) = time(x) + dt;

% find if conductor melting point has been exceeded

if (Tc(x + 1) >= melting_point_temperature && found_melting_point == 0)
found_melting_point = 1;
time_to_melt = time(x + 1);
end
end

%% Calculate thermal time constant.

%% NB: tau is only valid when "total_time" is suffiently large for Tc to settle
tau = ((Tc(number_of_points + 1) - Tc_ss) * mCp) / (R_Tc * (I_f^2 - I_ss^2));

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