Setup Standby Database on One PC

Building the Data Guard

1. Check the primary database name:
SQL> select name from v$database;
NAME
---------
BSL01LAB

2. Enable Forced logging

--check FORCE LOGGING status
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
NO

--eable FORCE LOGGING

SQL> alter database force logging;

Database altered.

--Verify
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

FOR
---
YES

3. Create a password file

--To create the password file
D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>orapwd file=PWDbsl01lab.ora password=dow
entries=5

--To verify the new password file

D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jul 25 22:24:41 2006

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> connect sys/dow as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

4. Configure a Standby Redo Log

Step 1 Ensure log file sizes are identical on the primary and standby database
SQL> select group#,thread#,bytes/1024/1024,members from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# BYTES/1024/1024 MEMBERS
---------- ---------- --------------- ----------
1 1 50 1
2 1 50 1
3 1 50 1

Step 2 Determine the appropriate number of standby redo log file groups
The minimal number should be 3+1=4
Step 3 Verify related database parameters and settings
Maxlogfiles
Maxlogmembers
Step 4 Create standby redo log file groups

SQL> alter database add standby logfile

('D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\BSL01LAB\redo01d.log') size 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile

('D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\BSL01LAB\redo02d.log') size 50M;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile

('D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\BSL01LAB\redo03d.log') size 50M;

Database altered.

Step 5 Verify the standby redo log file groups were created
SQL> select group#,thread#,sequence#,archived,status from v$standby_log;

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS

---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------
4 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
5 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
6 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED

5. Set Primary Database Initialization Parameters

--Content of pfilebsl01lab.ora
bsl01lab.__db_cache_size=79691776
bsl01lab.__java_pool_size=4194304
bsl01lab.__large_pool_size=4194304
bsl01lab.__shared_pool_size=75497472
bsl01lab.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0/admin/bsl01lab/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0/admin/bsl01lab/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0/oradata/bsl01lab/\control01.ctl','D:\orac
le\product\10.2.0/oradata/bsl01lab/\control02.ctl','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0/oradat
a/bsl01lab/\control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0/admin/bsl01lab/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_recovery_file_dest='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=bsl01labXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.nls_length_semantics='CHAR'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=167772160
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0/admin/bsl01lab/udump'
db_name='bsl01lab'
db_unique_name=bsl01lab
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(bsl01lab,bsl01labdg)'
control_files='D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\BSL01LAB\CONTROL01.CTL','D:\ORACLE\
PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\BSL01LAB\CONTROL02.CTL','D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\BS
L01LAB\CONTROL03.CTL'
log_archive_dest_1=
'LOCATION=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\arch
VALID_FOR=(all_logfiles,all_roles)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bsl01lab'
log_archive_dest_2=
'SERVICE=bsl01labdg LGWR ASYNC
VALID_FOR=(online_logfiles,primary_role)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bsl01labdg'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=enable
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=enable
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30

FAL_SERVER=bsl01labdg
FAL_CLIENT=bsl01lab
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='C:\data_guard\bsl01lab','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\bsl
01lab'
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=
'C:\data_guard\bsl01lab','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\bsl01lab'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=auto
STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='C:\temp\priarch'
--create spfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile='d:\pfilebsl01lab.ora';
File created.

6. Enable the primary DB Archiving

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes

Fixed Size 1247900 bytes
Variable Size 83887460 bytes
Database Buffers 79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

7. Create a Backup Copy of the Standby Database

--Shutdown DB
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

--Copy data files from �D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\bsl01lab� to �C:\data

guard\bsl01lab�
8. Create a Control File for the Standby Database
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes

Fixed Size 1247900 bytes
Variable Size 83887460 bytes
Database Buffers 79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as 'd:\bsl01labdg.ctl';
Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

9. Create the parameter file for Standby Database

Contents of the parameter file:
bsl01lab.__db_cache_size=79691776
bsl01lab.__java_pool_size=4194304
bsl01lab.__large_pool_size=4194304
bsl01lab.__shared_pool_size=75497472
bsl01lab.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='C:\data_guard\dump'
*.background_dump_dest='C:\data_guard\dump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.core_dump_dest='C:\data_guard\dump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_recovery_file_dest='C:\data_guard\dump'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=bsl01labXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.nls_length_semantics='CHAR'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=167772160
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='C:\data_guard\dump'

db_name='bsl01lab'
db_unique_name=bsl01labdg
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(bsl01lab,bsl01labdg)'
control_files='C:\data_guard\bsl01lab\control01.ctl','C:\data_guard\bsl01lab\contro
l02.ctl','C:\data_guard\bsl01lab\control03.ctl'
log_archive_dest_1=
'LOCATION=C:\data_guard\arch
VALID_FOR=(all_logfiles,all_roles)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bsl01labdg'
log_archive_dest_2=
'SERVICE=bsl01lab LGWR ASYNC
 VALID_FOR=(online_logfiles,primary_role)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bsl01lab'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=enable
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=enable
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30

FAL_SERVER=bsl01lab
FAL_CLIENT=bsl01labdg
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\bsl01lab','C:\data_guard\bsl
01lab'
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=
'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\bsl01lab','C:\data_guard\bsl01lab'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=auto
STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='C:\temp\stdarch'

10. Setup the Environment to Support the Standby Database

Step 1 Create a windows-based service

D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1>oradim -new -sid bsl01labdg -intpwd dow -startmode
manual
Instance created.

Step 2 create a password file

D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1>set oracle_sid=bsl01labdg
C:\data guard\database>orapwd file=PWDbsl01labdg.ora password=dow entries=5

Step 3 configure listeners for the primary and standby database

Step 4 create Oracle Net Service names
Step 5 create a server parameter file for the standby database
D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>set oracle_sid=bsl01labdg

D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 26 03:11:04 2006

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> connect sys/dow as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile='d:\pfilebsl01labdg.ora';
File created.
--Verify the new spfile
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1\DATABASE\SPFILEBSL01LABDG.ORA

11. Mount the standby DB

SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes

Fixed Size 1247900 bytes
Variable Size 62915940 bytes
Database Buffers 100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes
Database mounted.

12. Start Redo Apply

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.

13. Verify the status of primary and standby database

--bsl01lab window
D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>set oracle_sid=bsl01lab
D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 26 03:24:41 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.

SQL> select instance_name, status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
bsl01lab OPEN

--bsl01labdg window
D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>set oracle_sid=bsl01labdg
D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database>sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 26 03:34:15 2006
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
bsl01labdg MOUNTED
Both instance status are OK

14. Verify archived log transport and applying service

--bsl01lab window
SQL> select name,sequence# from v$archived_log order by 2;
NAME SEQUENCE#
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
............
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ARCH\1_80_595473116.ARC 80
bsl01labdg 80
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ARCH\1_81_595473116.ARC 81
bsl01labdg 81
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ARCH\1_82_595473116.ARC 82
bsl01labdg 82

--bsl01labdg
SQL> select name,sequence# from v$archived_log order by 2;
NAME SEQUENCE#
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
����
C:\DATA_GUARD\ARCH\1_80_595473116.ARC 80
C:\DATA_GUARD\ARCH\1_81_595473116.ARC 81
C:\DATA_GUARD\ARCH\1_82_595473116.ARC 82

--On the primary DB, switch log file by force

--bsl01lab window
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:05.21

SQL> /
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.14

SQL> /
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:06.01

--Check the archived log again

--bsl01lab window
SQL> select name,sequence# from v$archived_log order by 2;
NAME SEQUENCE#
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
����
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ARCH\1_84_595473116.ARC 84
bsl01labdg 84
D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ARCH\1_85_595473116.ARC 85

NAME SEQUENCE#
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
bsl01labdg 85

--bsl01labdg window
SQL> select name,sequence# from v$archived_log order by 2;
NAME SEQUENCE#
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
����
C:\DATA_GUARD\ARCH\1_84_595473116.ARC 84
C:\DATA_GUARD\ARCH\1_85_595473116.ARC 85

--To check whether the new archived logs have been applied
--bsl01labdg window
SQL> select sequence#,applied
2 from v$archived_log
3 order by sequence#;

SEQUENCE# APP
---------- ---
80 YES
81 YES
82 YES
83 YES
84 YES
85 YES

35 rows selected.

The archived logs are applied successfully on the standby database

Switch-over Testing

1. Verify it is possible to perform a switchover.

--bsl01lab window
SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------
SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL> SHOW PARAMETER JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES;

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
job_queue_processes integer 10
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> SELECT SID, PROCESS, PROGRAM FROM V$SESSION

2 WHERE TYPE = 'USER'
3 AND SID <> (SELECT DISTINCT SID FROM V$MYSTAT);

SID PROCESS PROGRAM

---------- ------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
86 1404:3172 emagent.exe
89 1234 OMS
90 1234OMS
93 1404:1768 emagent.exe
95 1234 OMS
98 1988 ORACLE.EXE (J000)

6 rows selected.

--To stop �emagent� and �OMS�, open another window, and in OS run

S:\>set oracle_sid=bsl01lab
S:\>emctl stop agent
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
This will stop the Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control process. Conti
nue [y/n] :y
The OracleDBConsolebsl01lab service is stopping............
The OracleDBConsolebsl01lab service was stopped successfully.

--Common Processes That Prevent Switchover

Type of Process Process Description Corrective Action
CJQ0 Job Queue Scheduler Process Change the JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES dynamic
parameter to the value 0. The change will take effect immediately without having to
restart the instance.
QMN0 Advanced Queue Time Manager Change the AQ_TM_PROCESSES dynamic parameter to
the value 0. The change will take effect immediately without having to restart the
instance.
DBSNMP Oracle Enterprise Manager Management Agent Issue the emctl stop
agent command from the operating system prompt.

SQL> SELECT SID, PROCESS, PROGRAM FROM V$SESSION

2 WHERE TYPE = 'USER'
3 AND SID <> (SELECT DISTINCT SID FROM V$MYSTAT);
no rows selected

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------
TO STANDBY

Now it is ready to switch to standby

2. Initiate the switchover on the primary database.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:02:57.73

3. Shut down and restart the former primary instance.

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes

Fixed Size 1247900 bytes
Variable Size 88081764 bytes
Database Buffers 75497472 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes
Database mounted.

4. Verify the switchover status on the standby database

--bsl01labdg window
SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------
TO PRIMARY

5. Switch the target physical standby database role to the primary role
--bsl01labdg window
SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY;
Database altered.

6. Finish the transition of the standby database to the primary role.

--bsl01labdg window
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:33.56

7. Verify the status of primary and standby database

--bsl01labdg now is the primary database
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
bsl01labdg OPEN

--bsl01lab now is the standby database

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
bsl01lab MOUNTED

--start archived log applying on bsl01lab

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.

--bsl01labdg window
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.

SQL> /
System altered.

SQL> /
System altered.

--bsl01lab window
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log order by 1;
SEQUENCE# APP
--------- ---
����
90 YES
91 YES
92 YES
successfully switched-over!