Professional Documents
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Dow Coating Materials offers an innovative and diverse Awareness of regulations and legislation allows
portfolio of paint and coatings solutions that includes these us to provide you with the most up-to-date information
well-known surfactant products: as well as valuable assistance with product stewardship.
TRITON™
A distribution and technical support network
Specialty Nonionic and Anionic Surfactants
that puts us “on the ground” in your local area, ready to
DOWFAX™ serve your surfactant needs.
Specialty Anionic Surfactants
World-class surfactant manufacturing facilities
TERGITOL™
Specialty and General Purpose Nonionic Surfactants contribute to high-performance products that are
consistently high-quality and cost-effective.
ECOSURF™
Nonionic Surfactants Our broad portfolio of ingredients for paints
and coatings offers you the convenience of focused
The total value of Dow surfactants goes well beyond supply, backed by our in-depth knowledge of other
brand names. Our investments in surfactant products and formulation components.
innovative technology have created a capabilities package
unmatched in the paint and coatings industry. Dow Coating Materials currently offers almost 100
surfactant products. Read on to learn more about the
Experience across the full range of paint and coatings major families of our surfactant products, their functional
means we can help you optimize surfactant performance contributions and their key applications. To find out how
in your formulation. we can help with your coatings challenges, please contact
your Dow Coating Materials representative (see back cover).
Industry knowledge and expertise fosters
innovation and collaboration, bringing new products and When your experts talk to our experts,
technologies as we work with you to address your current good things happen.
and future needs.
2
Explore Your Surfactant Possibilities
Secondary Alcohol Ethoxylates Specialty Alkoxylate Surfactants
TERGITOL 15-S-Series and TERGITOL TMN Series ECOSURF™ SA and ECOSURF EH Surfactants offer a
Surfactants offer a distinct combination of excellent combination of dispersing and wetting properties with
emulsifying, dispersing, stabilizing and wetting property excellent handling performance.
profiles. These secondary alcohol ethoxylate (SAE)
surfactants feature narrow aqueous gel ranges, rapid ECOSURF SA and ECOSURF EH Surfactants have ex-
dissolution even in cold water, fast foam collapse rates, cellent wetting properties, with low equilibrium surface
wide range of solvent compatibility and solubility, and tension and rapid dynamic surface tension reduction.
favorable handling and formulating properties, making These surfactants feature no aqueous gelling, rapid
them an excellent choice for many paints and coatings. dissolution even in cold water, fast foam collapse and
favorable formulating and handling properties, making
The SAE fast aqueous dissolution properties of the them an excellent choice for many paint, coating and
water soluble surfactants (7-40 EO) result in even ink systems. They are especially suited to pigment
the low mole ethoxylate (3-5 EO) surfactants, which wetting and stabilization.
are oil soluble, being readily water dispersible. This
allows the use of the low mole SAE to enhance the Octylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants
coalescing of emulsion polymers for low VOC (volatile
organic compounds) systems, while also offering TRITON™ X Series Surfactants
pigment wetting and stabilization, and substrate
TRITON X Series Surfactants are versatile nonionic
wetting and rewetting.
specialty surfactants that offer excellent emulsification
TERGITOL 15-S-Series and TERGITOL TMN Series performance. They are recognized as an industry
Surfactants are widely regarded as highly effective standard OPE for pigment wetting and stabilization
nonionic wetting agents having low aqueous dynamic in coatings and are offered in a range of HLB to
and equilibrium surface tension profiles. These SAE match specific wetting and dispersing requirements
surfactants may offer the necessary substrate and waterborne coating stabilization requirements.
wetting and rewetting properties often provided by
anionic surfactants, but with lower foam profiles and Sulfosuccinates
with less water sensitivity compared to anionics.
TRITON™ GR Series Surfactants GR-5M, GR-7M
ECOSURF LF, TRITON DF, TRITON CF-10 and TRITON Alkyl Diphenyl Oxide Disulfonates
CF-10 (90%) Surfactants feature low foam and outstanding
DOWFAX ™ Surfactants
wetting and dispersing properties. These low foam surfac-
tants are widely used for pigment stabilization in a range DOWFAX Surfactants are used widely
of coating formulations, including architectural, industrial, in emulsion polymerization, offering increased
maintenance and automotive paints. mechanical and chemical stability, lower reactor
waste and low critical micelle concentration (CMC).
1
All components of this product are on the TSCA Inventory or are exempt from TSCA Inventory requirements under 40 CFR
720.30. This product contains a substance that will be subject to a TSCA Section 5(a)(2) Significant New Use Rule (SNUR)
and export notification under TSCA 12(b). Architectural coating formulation processes that operate under zero-discharge of
wastewater should not trigger the SNUR conditions but each user should assess their operations to assure compliance. The
SNUR will limit release to water to no greater than 14 ppb as calculated after wastewater treatment. The total removal during
wastewater treatment is estimated to be > 90% based on Episuite models and demonstrated ready biodegradability. In addition,
EPA does not expect significant adverse environmental effects during the uses stated in the PMN submission. These uses
included formulation at less than 1% in industrial, commercial and consumer architectural coatings. TSCA 12(b) export notification
is not needed when this substance is present in mixtures at less than 1%.
3
Sulfates and Sulfonates EO/PO Copolymers
TRITON XN-45S Surfactant is an outstanding anionic TERGITOL XD, TERGITOL XH, TERGITOL XJ
emulsifier and stabilizer that offers excellent particle and TERGITOL L Series Surfactants are efficient
size control in emulsion polymerization. TRITON X-200 emulsifiers and stabilizers for a broad range of
Surfactant is an excellent emulsion polymerization materials, including aromatic and chlorinated
emulsifier and stabilizer. solvents. TERGITOL XD Surfactant offers
excellent pigment and colorant stabilization
Specialty Surfactant especially for concentrated dispersions such
as carbon black and other very small
TRITON™ CA Surfactant
particle pigments.
4
Match One or More Dow Surfactants
to Your Performance Requirements
Dow surfactants include products designed to provide a wide range of valuable functional
contributions to paint and coatings formulations. Refer to the table below to identify the
most likely Dow solution for your functional requirements.
Low-Foam Pigment Wetting TRITON DF-16 and DF-12 Low foam pigment wetting and efficient
and Stabilizing (Non-APE) ECOSURF L F -20, LF- 30, LF -45 cloud point defoamers
TRITON X-705 (70%), X-405 (70%) & X-305 (70%) OPE and NPE 30-70 EO steric stabilizers;
High Mole Ethoxylate Steric
TERGITOL NP-70 (70%), NP-50 (70%), Aqueous versions for enhanced customer-friendly
Stabilizers (APE Based)
NP-40 (70%) & NP-30 (70%) handling; 100% actives solid available
5
If you require... We recommend... Because...
SAE 3-8 EO levels;
Substrate Wetting Alternative
Fast aqueous dissolution rates;
and Complementary and ECOSURF™ SA-4 & SA-7
Low dynamic and equilibrium aqueous
Compatible with Fluoro TERGITOL™ TMN-3 & TMN-6 (90%),
surface tension;
Surfactants (Nonionic) TERGITOL 15-S-3, 15-S-5 & 15-S-7
Use as blends with fluorocarbon surfactants
(Non-APE)
for lower cost
Dynamic and Equilibrium Low Disulfonate steric stabilizer DOSS wetting
DOWFAX™ 2A1,
Aqueous Surface Tension and rewetting;
TRITON™ GR-5M & GR-7M
(Anionic) DOSS in various solvents
Equilibrium Low Aqueous TERGITOL TMN-6 (90%),
SAE lowest equilibrium aqueous surface tension
Surface Tension TMN-10 (90%)
for any conventional ethoxylated nonionics
(Nonionic) (Non-APE) TERGITOL 15-S-7
SAE 7-11 EO levels give lowest dynamic aqueous
Dynamic and Equilibrium Low ECOSURF SA-4, SA-7 & SA-9 surface tension for any conventional ethoxylated
Aqueous Surface Tension TERGITOL TMN-3, TMN-6 (90%), TMN-10 (90%) nonionics; 3-5 EO levels have low dynamic surface
(Nonionic) (Non-APE) TERGITOL 15-S-3, 15-S-5 & 15-S-7 tension due to being readily water dispersible,
which is difficult for low EO APE nonionics
ECOSURF Surfactants are biodegradable per
Biodegradeable Seed Oil
OECD 301 test and > 1mg / L aquatic toxicity;
Surfactants with Low ECOSURF SA-4, SA-7 & SA-9
Excellent surfactants for pigment and substrate
Aquatic Toxicity
wetting or for color acceptance
Hydrophobic Wetting
ECOSURF SA-4, SA-7 & SA-9 SAE hydrophobic low 3-5 mole EO;
Surfactants;
TERGITOL TMN-3 & TMN-5 Readily water dispersible;
Oil-Soluble But Readily
TERGITOL 15-S-3 & 15-S-5 Contributes to emulsion polymer coalescing
Water-Dispersible (Non-APE)
CA specialty hydrophobic low EO blend;
TRITON CA
Color Acceptance Enhancement N-57 hydrophobic 5 mole EO easily
TRITON N-57
(APE) water dispersible;
TRITON CF-10 (90%) & CF-10
CF-10 low foam dual bulky hydrophobes
ECOSURF SA-7 & SA-9 SAE hydrophobic low EO levels;
Color Acceptance Enhancement TERGITOL 15-S-5 15-S-7 & 15-S-9
Readily water dispersible;
(Non-APE) TERGITOL TMN-3 & TMN-5
TRITON DF-16 Pigment wetting and stabilization
6
Properties of Dow Surfactants
Gel Range and Foam Profiles
A comparison of gel ranges and foam profiles of SAE, NPE, OPE and PAE nonionic surfactant families.
TERGITOL™ 15-S Series (C H2C H2O)XH TERGITOL TMN Series (C H2C H2O)XH
O O
Aqueous Gel Range of Surfactants with HLB=13 Ross-Miles Foam of Surfactants with HLB=13
at 25ºC, 0.1 wt. % aqueous surfactant
Gel Range Initial
at 25ºC
120
5 Minute
100
SAE
Foam Height, mm
80
NPE
Surfactant
60
OPE 40
20
PAE
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 SAE NPE OPE PAE
• SAE have a very narrow gel range, giving them a • All families have a very similar initial form.
very favorable advantage in aqueous formulations.
• SAE have the advantage of a much less
• PAE and NPE have broader gel ranges. stable foam.
• SAE require a much shorter dissolution time. • PAE, being the least hydrophobic, have a
slower bubble film drainage.
• Broader gel range is partly due to the
lower hydrophobicity.
7
Properties of Dow Surfactants
Equilibrium Aqueous Surface Tension
A comparison of equilibrium aqueous suface tension values featuring SAE, NPE, OPE and PAE nonionic surfactant families.
31
30
dynes/cm
29
28
27
26
25
NP-10 X-100 NP-9 15-S-9 NP-7 X-114 15-S-7 TMN-10 TMN-6
Nonionics
20 TERGITOL 15-S-3
TERGITOL TMN-3
Butyl CARBITOL
Ester Alcohol†
15
ºC
10
MFT 22ºC
5 Tg 19ºC
0
0 2 4 8 12
PHR (wt%)
†
2, 2, 4-Trimethyl-1, 2- Pentanedid Monoisbutyrate
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Properties of Dow Surfactants
Dynamic Aqueous Surface Tension
A comparison of dynamic aqueous surface tension values featuring SAE and OPE nonionic surfactants.
55 55
50 50
45 45
40 40
35 35
30 30
12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ECOSURF SA Surfactants were compared to a conventional nonionic surfactant in a gloss, semigloss and a
flat formulated paint.
ECOSURF™ SA Surfactant Performance in Formulated Paints
Gloss Film
Gloss, 60º 79.4 80.2 79.2
Gloss, 20º 33.2 34.1 36
Flow & Leveling Excellent Excellent Excellent
Tint Strength % 54.36 / 55.09 55.10 / 55.76 54.90 / 54.99
Contrast Ratio, % 99.09 99.09 99.47
Semigloss Film
Gloss, 60º 43.3 40.3 47.8
Gloss, 20º 9.5 13.2 16.7
Flow & Leveling Excellent Excellent Excellent
Tint Strength % 52.76 / 52.76 52.48 / 52.43 52.47 / 52.21
Contrast Ratio, % 99.14 99.2 98.89
Flat Film
Gloss, 60º 2.6 2.5 2.6
Gloss, 20º 1.4 1.4 1.4
Flow & Leveling Excellent Excellent Excellent
Tint Strength % 33.25 / 34.44 33.18 / 33.31 33.10 / 33.51
Contrast Ratio, % 85.85 86.18 85.68
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Dow Surfactants for Coatings – Selected Product Line
CMC (3) /
Cloud Moles Surface Foam Pour
Product Point (1) HLB (2)
EO Tension (4) Height (5) Point (6) Form (7) Features
ECOSURF Specialty Ethoxylates
™
ECOSURF SA-7 37 9.7 PRT(8) 17 / 29 100 / 20 3 L Based on seed oil, low odor, no gel range, rapid dissolution; Excellent wetting & effective emulsifier
ECOSURF EH-6 40 10.8 PRT 914 / 30 20 / 0 3 L Low odor, rapid dissolution; Excellent wetting & effective emulsifer, improves color acceptance
ECOSURF EH-9 61 12.5 PRT 1066 / 30 60 / 0 27 S Low odor, rapid dissolution; Excellent wetting & effective emulsifer, improves color acceptance
TERGITOL NP-9 54 12.9 9 60 / 32 105 / 90 -19 L Outstanding wetting, improves color acceptance
TERGITOL NP-12 78 13.8 12 85 / 35 117 / 115 13 L Outstanding wetting, improves color acceptance
TERGITOL NP-40 (70%) >100 17.8 40 232 / 50 123 / 115 2 L Highly water-soluble emulsifier and stabilizer
TRITON X-45 Disp 9.8 4.5 136 / 29 23 / 9 -24 L Excellent emulsifier with good wetting
TRITON X-114 25 12.3 7.5 120 / 31 55 / 40 -14 L Excellent wetting; Improves color acceptance
Excellent dispersant, and emulsifier for oil-in-water systems; Improves color acceptance;
TRITON X-100 66 13.4 9.5 189 / 33 128 / 107 1 L Freeze-thaw stabilizer
TRITON X-102 88 14.4 12 267 / 36 124 / 75 13 L Excellent dispersant; Improves color acceptance
TRITON X-405 (70%) >100 17.6 35 2442 / 52 93 / 22 -6 L Excellent emulsion stabilizer; Offers freeze-thaw and ionic stability
TRITON CA Disp 10-12 PRT - / 32 10 / 0 -20 L Improves color acceptance and prevents agglomeration of pigments
TRITON N-57 Disp 10.0 5 - / 31 18 / 12 -28 L Emulsifier; Enhances associative thickener efficiency; Improves colorant acceptance
TERGITOL 15-S-5 Disp 10.5 5 Disp Disp -25 L Excellent emulsifier; Enhances paint associative thickener efficiency and latex coalescence
TERGITOL 15-S-9 60 13.3 9 52 / 30 124 / 43 9 L Good substrate wetting; Improves color acceptance
TERGITOL 15-S-20 (80%) >100 16.3 20 315 / 38 112 / 42 6 L Emulsion stabilizer; Offers freeze-thaw and ionic stability; Good handling properties
TERGITOL 15-S-40 (70%) >100 18.0 41 1314 / 45 103 / 28 5 L Emulsion stabilizer; Offers freeze-thaw and ionic stability; Good handling properties
(1) Cloud point: °C, 1 wt% aqueous solution (5) Ross-Miles foam height: mm at 0.1 wt% actives, 25°C, initial / 5 minute
(2) HLB Range: <10 w/o emulsifier, >10 w/o emulsifier 10-15 good wetting, 12-15 detergents (6) Pour point: °C
(3) Critical micelle concentration: ppm at 25°C (7) Form at 25°C: L = Liquid, S = Solid
(4) Surface tension: dynes/cm at 1%, 25°C (8) PRT = Proprietary
CMC (3) /
Cloud Moles Surface Foam Pour
Product Point (1) HLB (2)
EO Tension (4) Height (5) Point (6) Form (7) Features
TERGITOL XD 74 PRT - / 38 60 / 25 34 S Excellent steric and freeze-thaw stabilizer; Effective pigment and carbon black dispersant
TRITON DF-12 17 10.6 PRT 290 / 34 16 L Non APEO low foam pigment dispersant; Colorant acceptance
ECOSURF™ LF-30 32 11-12 PRT 25 / 30 -8 L Non APEO low foam pigment dispersant; Colorant acceptance
TERGITOL TMN-6 (90%) 36 13.1 8 800 / 27 130 / 22 <-40 L Exceptional wetting agent; Narrow gel range
TERGITOL TMN-10 (90%) 76 14.4 11 1313 / 30 118 / 28 -19 L High HLB emulsifier; Freeze-thaw stabilizer; Narrow gel range
Actives Diluent Form (9) Neutral (12) Alkaline (13) Neutral (12) Alkaline (13) Features
TRITON H-66 50 Water L 45 41 50 / 8 105 / 25 Hydrotrope for low foam surfactants; Emulsion stability and color acceptance
Storage
Store products in tightly closed original containers at temperatures recommended on the product label.
Disposal
Dispose in accordance with all local, state (provincial) and federal regulations. Empty containers may contain hazardous
residues. This material and its container must be disposed in a safe and legal manner. It is the user’s responsibility to
verify that treatment and disposal procedures comply with local, state (provincial) and federal regulations. Contact your
Dow Coating Materials Technical Representative for more information.
Product Stewardship
Dow has a fundamental concern for all who make, distribute and use its products, and for the environment in which
we live. This concern is the basis for our product stewardship philosophy by which we assess the safety, health and
environmental information on our products and then take appropriate steps to protect employee and public health and
our environment. The success of our product stewardship program rests with each and every individual involved with
Dow products – from the initial concept and research, to manufacture, use,sale, disposal and recycle of each product.
Customer Notice
Dow strongly encourages its customers to review both their manufacturing processes and their applications of Dow
products from the standpoint of human health and environmental quality to ensure that Dow products are not used in
ways for which they are not intended or tested. Dow personnel are available to answer your questions and to provide
reasonable technical support. Dow product literature, including safety data sheets, should be consulted prior to use of
Dow products. Current safety data sheets are available from Dow.
Notice: No freedom from infringement of any patent owned by Dow or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions
and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and may change with time, Customer is responsible
for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer’s use and for
ensuring that Customer’s workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other government
enactments. The product shown in this literature may not be available for sale and/or available in all geographies where
Dow is represented. The claims made may not have been approved for use in all countries. Dow assumes no obligation
or liability for the information in this document. References to “Dow” or the “Company” mean the Dow legal entity
selling the products to Customer unless otherwise expressly noted. NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED.
ECOSURF™ LF Surfactants are marketed under the TERGITOL™ brand in Canada and Japan.
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