Professional Documents
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DIABETES MELLITUS
The pancreas, in addition to its digestive functions, secretes two important hormones,
insulin and glucagon, that are crucial for normal regulation of glucose, lipid, and protein
metabolism. Although the pancreas secretes other hormones, such as amylin, somatostatin, and
pancreatic polypeptide, their functions are not as well established. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic
metabolic disorder that prevents the body to utilise glucose completely or partially.It is
characterised by raised glucose concentration in the blood and alterations in
carbohydrates,protein and fat metabolism.This can be due to failure in the formation of insulin
or liberation or action. Since insulin is produced by beta cells of islets of Langerhans,any
decrease in the number offunctioning cell will decrease the amount of insulin that can be
synthesised. Many diabetics can produce sufficient insulin but some stimulus to the islets
tissue is needed. During the early stages of the disease the Insulin Like Activity( ILA) of the
blood is often increased, but most this insulin appears to be bound to protein and is not available
for transport across the cell membrane and action of the cell
If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications include diabetic
ketoacidosis and nonketotic hypersomolar coma. Serious long-term complications include
cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney failure, foot ulcer, and damage to the eyes.
Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the (cells of the body not
responding properly to the insulin produced. There are three main types of diabetes mellitus:
•Type 1 DM
•Type 2 DM
•Gestational diabetes
SYMPTOMS
-Low CHO Diet – It has been suggested that the removal of carbohydrates from the diet and
replacement with fatty foods such as nuts, seeds, meats, fish, oils, eggs, avocados, olives, and
vegetables may help reverse diabetes. Fats would become the primary calorie source for the
body, and complications due to insulin resistance would be minimized.
-High fiber diet – It has been shown that a high fiber diet works better than the diet
recommended by the American Diabetes Association in controlling diabetes, and may control
blood sugar levels with the same efficiency as oral diabetes drugs.
-Vegetarian diet – A low-fat vegan diet improves glycemic control similar to the ADA
-Natural Foods - the American Diabetes Association has endorsed a natural foods approach to
managing diabetes, advocating “fresh is best” and avoiding artificial sweeteners, instead
substituting measured amounts of fresh fruit or raw sugar.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Name : Mrs.Janaki M
Age : 68 years
Gender : Female
Occupation :Nil
Activity : Moderate
MEDICAL HISTORY
Present Complaints : DM
Body Mass Index (BMI) = Weight (Kg) / Height (m2) = 69/1.542 = 29.09
BIOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT
BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS
Nails Normal
Skin Normal
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Neck Normal
DIETARY ASSESMENT
Rasam 1 cup
Sambar 1 cup
APPROXIMATE NUTRIENT INTAKE
TREATEMENT
The patient was taking prescribed in the hospital.
DRUGS
INJ AMIKACIN
INJ.CIFRAN
CAP:NEWFLOKA
DIET PRESCRIBED
DAY 1
Sambar 50g
Salad 100g
OIL 10 90 - - 10
DAY 2
Sambar 50g
Salad 50g
Evening Apple 100g
Salad 50g
Bed time - -
OIL 15 135 - - 15
DAY 3
Salad 100g
Bed time - -
OIL 20 180 - - 20
Problems oriented record: The patient come with hypertension and cough.
CONCLUSION
Mrs.Janaki.M 68 years old women admitted in the hospital due to diabetes mellitus. She is a
known case of Type2 Diabetes mellitus. She already had the past history of hypertension and
cough. It was found from her anthropometric profile that her BMI was 29.09kg/m². Which shows
that she is obese. On assessing the dietary habit it was noticed that the calorie intake was low on
the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment, the diet counseling was given. The diet
prescribed for the patient is low calorie, normal protein, low fiber diet with liberal vitamins and
minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling regarding to the importance of
the diet and exercise in maintaining the blood glucose level.
CASE STUDY 2
HEART DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a general term describing diseases of the heart and blood
vessels. Coronary Heart Disease is the most common form of CVD and is caused by
atherosclerosis in the large and medium sized arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygen
and nutrients.
Causes:
Cigarette smoking
LDL cholesterol
High cholesterol diet
Hypertension
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Thrombogenic factors
Obesity
Postmenopausal status
Age
Male gender
Hereditary factors
Clinical effects:
The clinical effects of atherosclerosis are manifested principally in medium sized arteries
including the coronary, carotid, cerebral arteries supplying the lower limbs particularly the iliac
femoral arteries. The principal clinical results of atherosclerotic lesions are due to partial or
total occlusion of the arterial lumen.
Age : 85 years
Gender : Female
Occupation : Nil
Activity : Moderate
MEDICAL HISTORY
ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASURMENT
BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETER
BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Tongue Normal
Nails Normal
Skin Normal
Neck Normal
Teeth Normal
DIETARY ASSESMENT
Sugar 15g
Onion 10g
Tomato 10g
Tomato 10g
Carrot 10g
Pumpkin 10g
Onion 10g
Onion 10g
APPOROXIMATE NUTRIENT INTAKE
Oil 10 90 _ 10
Under medication
DRUGS
T- LOSAR
T-ALDACTONE
T-LANOXIN
T-GLIMY
INJ-LASIX
INJ-PANTOCIP
DAY 1
Sambar 70g
Salad 50g
Salad 50g
Carrot
10g 4.8 1.06 0.09 0.02
Bitter guard
30g 3.6 0.75 0.06 0.03
Salad 40g
Kesari 20g
Sugar 25g
Almond 20g
APROXIMATE NUTRIENT INTAKE
DAY 3
Onion
Tomato 20g
Tomato
Problems oriented record: The patients come with hypertension and chest pain
Mrs. Madhavi 85 years old female was admitted in the hospital due to chest pain. She is a
known case of choronary artery disease. She already had the past history of hypertension and
diabetes mellitus. It was found from her anthropometric profile that her BMI was
21.64kg/m².Which shows that she is normal weight. On assessing the dietary habit it was
noticed that the calorie intake was normal. On the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment.
The diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is normal calorie, high protein
with liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling
regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 3
Gastric disease
Stomach diseases refer to diseases affecting the stomach. Inflammation of the stomach by
infection from any cause is called gastritis, and when including other parts of the
gastrointestinal tract called gastroenteritis. When gastritis is persists in a chronic state, it is
associated with several diseases, including atrophic gastritis, pyloric stenosis, and gastric
cancer. Another common condition is gastric ulceration, peptic ulcers. Ulceration erodes the
gastric mucosa, which protects the tissue of the stomach from the stomach acids. Peptic ulcers
are most commonly caused by a bacterial Helicobacter pylori infection.
Intestinal disease
The small and large intestines may be affected by infectious, autoimmune, and
physiological states. Inflammation of the intestines is called enterocolitis, which may lead to
diarrhea.
Acute conditions affecting the bowels include infectious diarrhea and mesenteric
ischemia. Causes of constipation may include faecal impaction and bowel obstruction, which may
in turn be caused by ileus, intussusceptions, volvulus. Inflammatory bowel disease is a condition of
unknown etiology, classified as either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, that can affect the
intestines and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Other causes of illness include intestinal
pseudo obstruction, and necrotizing enterocolitis.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Age : 58 years
Gender : Female
Ward Number : II B
Occupation : Nil
Activity : Moderate
MEDICAL HISTORY
ANTHROPOMERIC ASSESMENT
Height(cm) = 165cm
Weight (Kg) = 67 kg
Body Mass Index (BMI)= Weight (Kg) / Height (m2) = 67/1.652 = 24.609
Ideal Body Weight (IBW) = Height (cm) - 100= 165 – 100= 65kg
BIOCHEMICAL ASSSESSMENT
BIOPHYSICALPARAMETERS
PARAMETERS VALUES REFERENCE VALUE
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
ORGANS OBSERVATION
Hair Soft, Brittle
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Nails Normal
Skin Normal
Neck Normal
DIETARY ASSESMENT
Rasam 1 cup
Sambar 1 cup
APPOROXIMATE NUTRIENT INTAKE
NUTRIENT VALUE
Carbohydrate 489.64 g
Protein 53.94g
Fat 72.88g
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF THE PATIENT
TREATEMENT
DRUGS
DAY-1
Sambar 80g
Egg 70g
Bed time - -
DAY-2
Sambar 50g
Curd 100ml
Milk 100ml
Bed time - -
DAY-3
Sambar 70g
Milk 100ml
Bed time - -
CONCLUSION
Mrs.Radhamani 58 years old women admitted in the hospital due to peptic ulcer. She is a
known case of peptic ulcer. She already had the past history of hysterectomy. It was found from
her anthropometric profile that her BMI was 24.6 kg/m². Which shows that she is normal
weight. On assessing the dietary habit it was noticed that the calorie intake was normal on the
basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment. The diet counseling was given. The diet priscribed
for the patient is normal calorie, normal protein and high fiber diet with liberal vitamins and
minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling regarding to the importance of
diet.
CASE STUDY 4
LIVER DISEASE
There is little evidence that the liver ages and it can function well into old age if disease free. It
is also able to naturally regenerate lost tissue. Chronic liver disease is characterised by scarring
and destruction of the liver tissue. Early changes, such as 'fatty liver' (a build up of fat in the
liver cells) can progress via inflammation (hepatitis) and scarring (fibrosis) to irreversible
damage (cirrhosis). At this point, the liver will not be able to regenerate itself though further
damage can be averted. Most chronic liver disease is symptomless ('silent') and when symptoms
do develop, they are often vague such as tiredness, weakness, loss of appetite and nausea.
CAUSES
A variety of illnesses can affect the liver, for example,certain drugs like excessive amounts of
acetaminophen,and acetaminophen combination medications like Vicodin, Norco, and stains.
•cirrhosis
• alcohol abuse
• hepatitisA, B, C, D, and E,
SYMPTOMS
• weight loss
•nausea
-A high calorie , high protein , high carbohydrate, moderate or restricted fat high vitamin diet
helps in regeneration of liver and helps to prevent the formation of ascites .
GENERAL INFORMATION
Name :Mr.Raghavan
Age : 58 Years
Gender : Male
Occupation : coolie
Activity : Moderate
MEDICAL HISTORY
ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT
Weight(cm) = 76 kg
BIOCHEMICAL ASSSESSMENT
PARAMETERS 6/12/17 REFERENCE VALUE
BIOPHYSICALPARAMETERS
ORGANS OBSERVATION
Hair Dry
Nails Normal
Skin Normal
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Neck Normal
DIETARY ASSESSMENT
1 Cereals
2 Pulses
3 Green leafy
vegetables
5 Fish
6 Meat
7 Egg
8 Fruits
9 Nuts
11 Sugar
Bread 2 no
Dinner Dosa 3 no
Energy 188.2(kcal)
Protein 44.49 (g)
Carbohydrate 332.65(g)
Fat 33.96(g)
TREATMENT
DRUGS
Levolinnebu 30mg
NUTRITIONAL CARE PLAN
DAY 1
MEAL TIME MENU QUANTITY
Sambar 190g
Pears 100g
Sugar 25g
DAY 2
Biochemical parameters: Patient have low haemoglobin level and low PCV
CONCLUSION
Mr. Raghavan 58 year old man admitted in the hospital due to liver cirrhosis, hypertension .Heis
a known case of choronary liver disease. It was found from his anthropometric profile that his
BMI was 23 kg/m². Which shows that he is normal weight. On accessing the dietary habit it was
noticed that the calorie in take was high on the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment.
The diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is high calorie , high protein,
high carbohydrate diet with liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge he will be
given conseling regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 5
KIDNEY DISEASE
According to the world health organization (WHO) global Burden of Disease project,
Kidney disease contributes to nearly 850000 deaths per year, along with other urinary tract
problems. In order to understand the increasing global burden of kidney disease there is a need
to understand the increasing causes, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Chronic
kidney disease (CKD) is an age related progressive loss of kidney function.
Causes of kidney disease are many and varied. Leading causes are diabetes, high blood
pressure, inherited disease, and infection. Acute kidney disease is often marked by alack of
urination and increased fluid buildup in the body. Chronic kidney disease is oftencalled a“silent"
killer, because no obvious symptoms develop until the kidneys are permanently damaged.
Chronic kidney disease-most often results from other diseases such as diabetes or Hypertension.
•A change in the frequency and quantity of urine passed , especially at night ( usually an
increased at first)
•Puffiness as around the eyes blood in the urine (hematuria)
•Pain in the back (under the lower ribs , where the kidneys are located )
•Tiredness, inability to concentrate
•Generally feeling unwell
•Loss of appetite
•Nausea and vomiting
PRINCIPLE OF THE DIET
High calorie, low protein, adequate fat, low sodium and potassium. Restricted fluid .high
purine and high nitrogen, avoid strong spices such as pepper, mustard, coffee.
GENERAL INFORMATIONS
Age : 69years
Gender : Male
Occupation : Driver
Activity : Moderate
MEDICAL HISTORY
ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT
Weight(cm) = 69kg
BIOCHEMICAL ASSSESSMENT
BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS
PARAMETERS VALUES REFERENCE
VALUE
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
ORGANS OBSERVATION
Skin Normal
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Neck Normal
DIETARY ASSESSMENT
1 Cereals
2 Pulses
5 Fish
6 Meat
7 Egg
8 Fruits
9 Nuts
11 Sugar
TREATMENT
DRUG
InjHastix 100mg
T Cetanil 10mg
T Ecospirin 75/10
T Nefrotrers 150mg
DAY 1
DAY-2
Problems oriented record: The patients come with Chronic kidney disesase
CONCLUSION
The patient Mr. Ramachandran 69 years old man admitted in the hospital due to
breathlessness. He is a known case of chronic kidney Disease. It was found from his
anthropometric profile that his BMI was 24.74kg/M². Which shows that he is normal weight. On
assessing the dietary habits it was noticed that the calorie intake was high on basis of diagnosis
and nutritional assessment, the diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is
high calorie. low protein with liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge he will be
given counseling regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 6
CANCER
INTRODUCTION TO CANCER
Cancer is a term used to refer malignant neoplasms or tumours. Neoplasia means cells in a
tissue proliferate without the normal controls on growth. In malignant neoplasms the cells spread to
adjacent tissues and interfere with the function and often have undesirable systemic effects. .
CASES
Cancer is caused by mutation or abnormal activation of cellular genes that control cell growth and
cell mitosis. The abnormal genes are called oncogenes.
SYMPTOMS
•Oral cancer
•Lung/throat cancer
•Stomach cancer
•Colon cancer
•Breast cancer
•Cervical/uterine cancer
•Kidney cancer
•Bladder cancer
•Prostate cancer
The body requires additional protein for tissue regeneration and healing.
Spicy food is best avoided as it can cause nausea and stomach discomfort.
Small meals, eaten frequently (every 2 -3 hours) are advised, rather than large meals.
Instead of frying; you can grill, roast, bake, stir-fry or blanch the food. Limit fat intake
to less than 20 per cent of total calories.
To preserve nutrients, eat freshly cooked food, rather than frozen or packaged foods.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Age : 45years
Gender : Female
Occupation : Nil
Activity : Nil
MEDICAL HISTORY
ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESMENT
Weight (Kg) = 62 kg
Body Mass Index (BMI) = Weight (Kg) / Height (m2) = 62/1.682 = 21.9
Ideal Body Weight (IBW ) = Height (cm) – 100 = 168 – 100= 68kg
BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS
BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS
PARAMETERS VALUES REFERENCE VALUE
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
ORGANS OBSERVATION
Hair Easily pluckable
Nails Normal
Skin Normal
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Neck Normal
DIETARY ASSESMENT
TYPE OF DIET: Non vegetarian
3 Green leafy
4 vegetables
Milk and milk
5 products
Fish
6 Meat
7 Egg
8 Fruits
9 Nuts
11 Sugar
Carbohydrate 137 g
Protein 19.29g
Fat 45.62g
-
TREATMENT
DRUGS
• C-PAN-D
• Injection Emeset
• Bolus
• T .Pantacoid.
• T .Domstal
• Injection Fluroacil
• Injection Methotresiate
• Injection Endoxan
Break fast Wheat porridge Wheat flour 100g 346 71.2 11.8 1.5
Soyachunks gravy
Green peas curry Green peas 20g 18.6 3.1 1.4 0.02
DAY 2
TIME TEA TIME QUANTITY
6am Protein drink 100ml
7.30am Rice porridge 100g
10.30am Oats+ 60g
12.30pm Rice 100g
4.30pm Milk 100ml
7.30pm Chappathi 100g
10.00pm Banana 50g
Tea time Protein Drink Protein powder 100ml 147.04 19.3 5.9 4.6
Break fast Rice porridge Rice flour 100g 346 79 6.4 0.4
0.03
Egg omlette Potato 30g 29.1 6.7 0.4 0.4
DAY 3
Time Menu Quantity
6.am Oats+ 60g
7.30am Wheat dosa 100g
Onion curry 170g
10.30am Banana shake 110g
12.30pm Rice 100g
Carrot thoran 60g
Soyabean curry 80g
Butter milk 40g
4.30pm Protein drink 100ml
7.30pm Wheat porridge 100g
Egg omlet 90g
10.00pm Milk+ 100ml
APPOROXIMATE NUTRIENT INTAKE
Break fast Wheat dosa Wheat flour 100g 346 71.2 11.8 1.5
0.2
Tea Time Protein Drink Protein powder 100ml 147.04 19.3 5.9 4.6
Dinner Wheat porridge Wheat flour 100g 346 71.2 11.8 1.5
Egg omlette
Problems oriented record: The patients come with pain in left breast
CONCLUSION
Mrs.Ayisha is an 45 years old female who was admitted in hospital due to pain in right breast.she is a
known case of breast cancer.she already done the chemotherapy. It was found from her antropometric
profile that her BMI waswas21.9 kglm2 which shows that she is normal weight on assessing the
dietary habits it was noticed that the calorie intake was high on the basis of diagnosis and nuttitional
assessment, the diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is high calorie,high
protein with liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge. she will be given counseling
regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 7
SURGERY
INTRODUCTION TO SURGERY
An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure, operation, or simply surgery.
The patient or subject on which the surgery is performed can be a person or an animal. A
surgeon is a person who practices surgery and a surgeon's assistant is a person who practices
surgical assistance. A surgical team is made up of surgeon, surgeon's assistant, anesthesia
provider, circulating nurse and surgical technologist. Surgery usually spans minutes to hours,
but it is typically not an ongoing or periodic type of treatment. The term surgery can also refer
to the place where surgery is performed, or simply the office of a physician, dentist, or
veterinarian.
PRINCIPLE OF DIET
Bland diet-A bland diet is a (diet consisting of foods that are generally soft, low in dietary fiber,
cooked rather than raw, and not spicy.
Soft diet-A Mechanical soft diet is recommended in many situations, including some types of
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), surgery involving the jaw, mouth or gastrointestinal tract,
and pain from newly adjusted dental braces.
Low residue diet-It is similar to a (low-fiber diet, but typically includes restrictions on foods
that increase bowel activity, such as milk, milk products, and prune juice.
GENERAL INFORMATIONS
Age : 43years
Gender : Female
Occupation : Housewife
Activity : Moderate
MEDICAL HISTORY
Body Mass Index (BMI) = Weight (kg)/ Height (m2) = 60/1.61² = 23.14
BIOCHEMICAL ASSSESSMENT
BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS
BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS
ORGANS OBSERVATION
Hair Brittle hair
Nails Normal
Skin Pale colour
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Neck Normal
DIETARY ASSESMENT
CARBOHYDRATE 435.21g
PROTEIN 60.94g
FAT 33.34g
TREATMENT
DRUGS
InjZostum 1.5mg
InjMetxogyl 500mg
T Paracetamol 650mg
DIET PRESCRIBED
DAY 1
Chutney 40g
Carrot
DAY-2
Curd
DAY-3
Curd Curd
Problems oriented record: The patients come with abdominal pain and vomiting
CONCLUSION
The patient Mrs Gracy Vorkey 43 years old female was admitted in the hospital on 1/12/2016
with presenting complaints of abdominal pain, vomiting, fever and jaundice. She was diagnosed
for inguinal hernia. It was found from his anthropometric profile that her BMI was 23.14kg/m².
which shows that she is normal weight. On assessing the dietary habits it was noticed that the
calorie intake was high on the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment, the diet counseling
was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is high calorie , high protein, low fibre diet with
liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling regarding to
the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 8
TUBE FEEDING
A tube feeding is a medical device used to provide nutrition to patients who cannot obtain
nutrition by mouth, are unable to swallow safely, or need nutritional supplementation. The state
of being fed by a feeding tube is called gavage, enteral feeding or tube feedings. A variety of
feeding tubes are used in medical practice. They are usually made of polyurethane or silicone.
The diameter of a feeding tube is measured in French units (each French unit equals 0.33
millimeters). They are classified by site of insertion and intended use.
TYPES
PRINCPLE OF DIET
In this diet, a feeding tube is inserted through the nose of an individual down their esophagus. At
the other end of the tube is an electric pump.
The only nourishment the patient receives is KE diet powder – an infusion of proteins, fats
andmicronutrients with no carbohydrates – mixed with water through the feeding tube.
GENERALGENERAL INFORMATIONS
Name : Mr.Balakrishnan
Age : 84years
Gender : Male
Occupation : Nil
Activity : Sedentery
ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT
BIOCHEMICAL ASSSESSMENT
BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
ORGANS OBSERVATION
Hair Dry
Nails Normal
Skin Normal
Eyes Normal
Mouth Normal
Neck Normal
DIETARY ASSESMENT
TREATMENT
DRUGS
T.EpilexChrono 500mg
T.Eptoin 100mg
T.Levasan 500mg
DIET PRESCRIBED
DAY 1
DAY 2
DAY 3
Problems oriented record: The patients come with hypertension, vomiting, fever
Biochemical parameters: Patient have low haemoglobin and high blood pressure level
CONCLUSION
Mr.Balakrishnan 84 years old male was admitted in the hospital on 05/12/2017 due to
Seizure disorder, hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease and vomiting.. He already had the past
history of chronic kidney disease. It was from his anthropometric profile that his BMI was
21.36 kg/m². which shows that he is normal weight on assessing the dietary habits it was noticed
that the calorie intake was low on the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment ,the diet
counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is tube feeding with low calorie,
normal protein, liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge he will be given
counseling regarding to the importance of diet.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
CASE STUDY 1
Mrs.Janaki.M 68 years old women admitted in the hospital due to diabetes mellitus. She is a
known case of Type2 Diabetes mellitus. She already had the past history of hypertension and
cough. It was found from her anthropometric profile that her BMI was 29.09kg/m². Which shows
that she is obese. On assessing the dietary habit it was noticed that the calorie intake was low on
the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment, the diet counseling was given. The diet
prescribed for the patient is low calorie, normal protein, low fiber diet with liberal vitamins and
minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling regarding to the importance of
the diet and exercise in maintaining the blood glucose level.
CASE STUDY 2
Mrs. Madhavi 85 years old female was admitted in the hospital due to chest pain. She is a
known case of choronary artery disease. She already had the past history of hypertension and
diabetes mellitus. It was found from her anthropometric profile that her BMI was
21.64kg/m².Which shows that she is normal weight. On assessing the dietary habit it was
noticed that the calorie intake was normal. On the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment.
The diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is normal calorie, high protein
with liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling
regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 3
Mrs.Radhamani 58 years old women admitted in the hospital due to peptic ulcer. She is a
known case of peptic ulcer. She already had the past history of hysterectomy. It was found from
her anthropometric profile that her BMI was 24.6 kg/m². Which shows that she is normal
weight. On assessing the dietary habit it was noticed that the calorie intake was normal on the
basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment. The diet counseling was given. The diet priscribed
for the patient is normal calorie, normal protein and high fiber diet with liberal vitamins and
minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling regarding to the importance of
diet.
CASE STUDY 4
Mr. Raghavan 58 year old man admitted in the hospital due to liver cirrhosis,
hypertension .Heis a known case of choronary liver disease. It was found from his
anthropometric profile that his BMI was 23 kg/m². Which shows that he is normal weight. On
accessing the dietary habit it was noticed that the calorie in take was high on the basis of
diagnosis and nutritional assessment. The diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the
patient is high calorie , high protein, high carbohydrate diet with liberal vitamins and minerals.
At the time of discharge he will be given conseling regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 5
The patient Mr. Ramachandran 69 years old man admitted in the hospital due to
breathlessness. He is a known case of chronic kidney Disease. It was found from his
anthropometric profile that his BMI was 24.74kg/M². Which shows that he is normal weight. On
assessing the dietary habits it was noticed that the calorie intake was high on basis of diagnosis
and nutritional assessment, the diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is
high calorie. low protein with liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge he will be
given counseling regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 6
Mrs.Ayisha is an 45 years old female who was admitted in hospital due to pain in right breast.she is a
known case of breast cancer.she already done the chemotherapy. It was found from her antropometric
profile that her BMI waswas21.9 kglm2 which shows that she is normal weight on assessing the
dietary habits it was noticed that the calorie intake was high on the basis of diagnosis and nuttitional
assessment, the diet counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is high calorie,high
protein with liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge. she will be given counseling
regarding to the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 7
The patient Mrs Gracy Vorkey 43 years old female was admitted in the hospital on 1/12/2016
with presenting complaints of abdominal pain, vomiting, fever and jaundice. She was diagnosed
for inguinal hernia. It was found from his anthropometric profile that her BMI was 23.14kg/m².
which shows that she is normal weight. On assessing the dietary habits it was noticed that the
calorie intake was high on the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment, the diet counseling
was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is high calorie , high protein, low fibre diet with
liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge she will be given counseling regarding to
the importance of diet.
CASE STUDY 8
Mr.Balakrishnan 84 years old male was admitted in the hospital on 05/12/2017 due to
Seizure disorder, hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease and vomiting.. He already had the past
history of chronic kidney disease. It was from his anthropometric profile that his BMI was 21.36
kg/m². which shows that he is normal weight on assessing the dietary habits it was noticed that
the calorie intake was low on the basis of diagnosis and nutritional assessment ,the diet
counseling was given. The diet prescribed for the patient is tube feeding with low calorie, normal
protein, liberal vitamins and minerals. At the time of discharge he will be given counseling
regarding to the importance of diet.