Math Chapter 2

Inverse Trigonometric
Functions
 Chapter 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Exercise 2.1

Q1. Find principal value for sin−1(−12)

Soln:

Let sin−1(−12) = a, then

sina=−12=–sinπ6=sin(–π6)
We know,

The principal value branch range for sin-1 is [−π2,π2] and sin(−π6)=–12
Therefore principal value for sin−1(−12)is–π6

Q2. Find principal value for cos−1(–3√2)

Soln:

Let cos−1(–3√2) = a, then

cosa=3√2=cos(π6)
We know,

The principal value branch range for cos-1 is [0,π] and cos(π6)=3√2
Therefore, principal value for cos−1(–3√2)isπ6

Q3. Find principal value for cosec-1 (2)

Soln:

Let cosec-1 (2) = a. Then, cosec a = 2 = cosec (π6)

We know,

The principal value branch range for cosec-1 is [−π2,π2]–0 and cosec(π6) = 2
Therefore, principal value for cosec-1 (2) is π6

Q4. Find principal value for tan−1(–3–√)

Soln:
Let tan−1(–3–√)=a
Then, tan=–3–√=–tanπ3tan(−π3)
We know,

The principal value branch range for tan−1is[−π2,π2]andtan(−π3)=−3–√

Therefore, principal value for tan−1(–3–√)is−π3

Q5. Find principal value for cos−1(−12)

Soln:

Let cos−1(−12) = a,
Then cosa=−12=−cosπ3=cos(π–π3)=cos(2π3)
We know,

The principal value branch range for cos−1is[0,π]andcos(2π3)=–12

Therefore, principal value for cos−1(−12)is2π3

Q6. Find principal value for tan−1(−1)

Soln:

Let tan−1(−1)=a,
Then, tan a = -1 = −tan(π4)=tan(–π4)
We know,

The principal value branch range for tan−1is(−π2,π2)andtan(–π4)=−1

Therefore, principal value for tan−1(−1)is−π4

Q7. Find principal value for sec−1(23√)

Soln:

Let sec−1(23√)=a,
Then seca=23√=sec(π6)
We know,

The principal value branch range for sec−1is[0,π]–{π2}andsec(π6)=23√

Therefore, principal value for sec−1(23√)is;π6
Q8. Find principal value for cot−13–√
Soln:

Let cot−13–√=a,
Then cota=3–√=cot(π6)
We know,

The principal value branch range for cot-1 is (0,π) and cot(π6)=3–√
Therefore, principal value for cot−13–√=π6

Q9. Find principal value for cos−1(–12√)

Soln:

Let cos−1(–12√)=a
Then cosa=−12√=–cos(π4)=cos(π–π4)=cos(3π4)
We know,

The principal value branch range for cos-1 is [0,π]andcos(3π4)=−12√

Therefore, principal value for cos−1(–12√)is3π4

Q10. Find principal value for cosec-1 (−2–√)

Soln:

Let cosec-1(−2–√) = a, Then

cosec a = −2–√ = -cosec(π4) = cosec (−π4)
We know,

The principal value branch range for cosec-1 is [−π2,π2]–{0} and cosec−π4=−2–√
Therefore, principal value for cosec-1 (−2–√)is−π4

Q11. Solve tan−1(1)+cos−1(−12)+sin−1(−12)

Soln:

Let tan−1(1)=a, then

tana=1=tanπ4
We know,

The principal value branch range for tan−1is(−π2,π2)

tan−1(1)=π4
Let cos−1(−12)=b, then
cosb=−12=−cosπ3=cos(π–π3)=cos(2π3)
We know,

The principal value branch range for cos-1 is [0,π]

cos−1(−12)=2π3
Let sin−1(−12)=c, then
sinc=–12=–sinπ6=sin(−π6)
We know,

The principal value branch range for sin−1is[−π2,π2]

sin−1(−12)=–π6
Now

tan−1(1)+cos−1(−12)+sin−1(−12) =π4+2π3–π6=3π+8π–2π12=9π12=3π4

Q12. Solve cos−1(12)+2sin−1(12)

Soln:

Let cos−1(12)=a, then cosa=12=cosπ3

We know,

The principal value branch range for cos-1 is [0,π]

cos−1(12)=π3
Let sin−1(−12)=b, then sinb=12=sinπ6
We know,

The principal value branch range for sin−1is[−π2,π2]

sin−1(12)=π6
Now,
cos−1(12)+2sin−1(12) =π3+2×π6=π3+π3=2π3

Q13. If sin-1 a = b, then

(i) 0≤b≤π
(ii) −π2≤b≤π2
(iii) 0<b<π
(iv) −π2<b<π2
Soln:

Given sin-1 a = b

We know,

The principal value branch range for sin−1is[−π2,π2]

Therefore, −π2≤b≤π2

Q14. The value of tan−13–√–sec−1(−2) is

(i) π
(ii) –π3
(iii) π3
(iv) 2π3
Soln:

Let tan−13–√=a, then

tana=3–√=tanπ3
We know

The principal value branch range for tan−1is(−π2,π2)

tan−13–√=π3
Let sec-1(-2) = b, then

sec b = -2 = –secπ3=sec(π–π3)=sec(2π3)
We know

The principal value branch range for sec-1 is [0,π]–{π2}

sec−1(−2)=2π3
Now,

tan−13–√–sec−1(−2)=π3–2π3=–π3
Hence option (ii) is correct

Exercise 2.2

Q1. Show that 3sin−1=sin−1(3x–4x3),x∈[−12,12]

Soln:

To show: 3sin−1=sin−1(3x–4x3),x∈[−12,12]
Let sin-1x = Ɵ, then x = sin Ɵ

We get,

RHS = sin−1(3x–4x3)=sin−1(3sinΘ–4sin3Θ)
= sin−1(sin3Θ)=3Θ=3sin−1x
= LHS

Q2. Show that 3cos−1x=cos−1(4x3–3x),x∈[12,1]

Soln:

To show: 3cos−1x=cos−1(4x3–3x),x∈[12,1]
Let cos-1 x = Ɵ, then x = cos Ɵ

We get,

RHS = cos−1(4x3–3x)=cos−1(4cos3Θ–3cosΘ)
= cos−1(cos3Θ)=3Θ=3cos−1x
= LHS

Q3. Show that tan−1211+tan−1724=tan−112

Soln:

To show: tan−1211+tan−1724=tan−112
LHS = tan−1211+tan−1724
=tan−1(211+7241–211×724)=tan−1(48+7711×2411×24–1411×24)
=tan−148+77264–14=tan−1125251=tan−112 = RHS

Q4. Show that 2tan−112+tan−117=tan−13117

Soln:

To show: 2tan−112+tan−117=tan−13117
LHS = 2tan−112+tan−117
=tan−1[2×121–(12)2]+tan−117=tan−11(34)+tan−117 =tan−143+tan−117=tan−1(43+171–
43×17) =tan−1(28+33×73×7−43×7)=tan−128+321–4=tan−13117=RHS

Q5. Find simplest form for tan−11+a2√–1a,a≠0

Soln:

Given tan−11+a2√–1a
Let a = tan Ɵ

=tan−11+a2√–1a = tan−11+tan2Θ√–1tanΘ
=tan−1(secΘ–1tanΘ)=tan−1(1–
cosΘsinΘ) tan−1(2sin2Θ22sinΘ2cosΘ2)=tan−1(tanΘ2) =Θ2=12tan−1a

Q6. Find the simplest form for tan−11a2−1√, |a|> 1

Soln:

Given tan−11a2−1√
Let a = csc Ɵ

tan−11a2−1√=tan−11csc2Θ−1√ =tan−11cotΘ=tan−1tanΘ=Θ=csc−1a =π2–sec−1a

Q7. Find simplest form for tan−1(1–cosa1+cosa−−−−−√),a<π,

Soln:
Given tan−1(1–cosa1+cosa−−−−−√)
Now,

tan−1(1–
cosa1+cosa−−−−−√)=tan−1(2sin2x22cos2x2−−−−−−√) tan−1(tan2x2−−−−−√)=tan−1(tanx2)
=x2

Q8. Find simplest form for tan−1(cosa–sinacosa+sina),0<a<π

Soln:

Given tan−1(cosa–sinacosa+sina)
Now,

tan−1(cosa–sinacosa+sina)=tan−1(1–sinacosa1+sinacosa)=tan−1(1–tana1+tana)
= tan−1(1–tana1+1.tana)=tan−1(tanπ4–tana1+tanπ4.tana)
= tan−1[tan(π4–a)]=π4–a

Q9: Find simplest form for tan−1ax2–a2√,|a|<x

Soln:

Given: tan−1ax2–a2√
Let a = x sin Ɵ

tan−1ax2–a2√=tan−1(xsinΘx2–x2sin2Θ√)=tan−1(xsinΘx1–sin2Θ√)
= tan−1(xsinΘxsinΘ)=tan−1(tanΘ)=Θ=sin−1ax

Q10. Find simplest form for tan−1(3x2a–a3x3–3xa2),x>0;−x3√≤ax3√

Soln:
Given tan−1(3x2a–a3x3–3xa2)
Let a = x tan Ɵ

tan−1(3x2a–a3x3–3xa2)=tan−1(3x2.xtanΘ–x3tan3Θx3–3x.x2tan2Θ)
=tan−1(3x3tanΘ–x3tan3Θx3–3x3tan2Θ)=tan−1(3tanΘ–tan3Θ1–3tan2Θ)
= tan−1(tan3Θ)=3Θ=3tan−1ax

Q11. Solve tan−1[2cos(2sin−112)]

Soln:

Given tan−1[2cos(2sin−112)]

tan−1[2cos(2sin−112)]=tan−1[2cos(2sin−1(sinπ6))]
= tan−1[2cos(2×π6)]=tan−1[2cos(π3)]=tan−1[2×12]
= tan−1[1]=π4

Q12. Solve cot(tan−1x+cot−1x)

Soln:

Given cot(tan−1x+cot−1x)

cot(tan−1x+cot−1x)=cot(π2)
=0