Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Background (1)
y Flood threat is still a problem which has not been properly addressed by the government as well as the
community, meanwhile drought and scarcity of water are becoming imminent. Big floods in early 2002
and 2007 in the Jabodetabek region have caused total loss of USD 2.05 billions with loss of lives
reaching 159 persons. Global climate changes which affect the hydrological cycle in the form of
rainfall intensity and rainfall pattern together with land use conversion at the upstream and
downstream areas have caused increasing intensity and flood duration.
y At the same time, traffic congestion due to increasing number of motor vehicles has caused losses in
the form of increasing fuel consumption, air pollution, mental stress, and loss of business opportunity
and productive time of road users in the urban areas such as in the Jakarta Megapolitan City. The
total loss suffered is even reaching USD 1.93 billions/year.
y Other problems of urban water resources management are also becoming critical, among others
scarcity of raw water for drinking purpose, poor management of urban wastewater, excessive
abstraction of groundwater causing land subsidence and sea water intrusion.
y Meanwhile, land availability and its land acquisition for public infrastructure such as flood control
and additional road length in the urban area are becoming critical with its social and political
problems accompanying it.
Background (2)
y Facing the future with all existing constraints, an integrated and innovation in addressing the
urban environmental problems have become more urgent. The concept and strategy of urban
infrastructure development in a vertical manner, above and below the ground, are one of the
solutions in facing limited available land in the urban area which would be the only option for the
future urban development.
y With regard to the above problems, particularly flood control measure, a number of concepts have
been proposed to the governments by various parties. To this extent, the people is still expecting a
breakthrough by the central and local government to ensure that similar disaster will not
occurring again in the future.
y Integration and sustainability in addressing the problem is hence a necessity. This is reflected in
the theme of World Water Day the 16th 2007 chosen by the Indonesian Government, entitled
”Integration in Coping with Flood and Scarcity of Water” which is taken from the global theme
”Coping with Water Scarcity.”
y Multi Purpose Deep Tunnel (MPDT) System which is proposed by the Jakarta Water Supply
Regulatory Body and submitted to the Central Government by the Provincial Government of
Jakarta is an integrated technology system comprising flood mitigation, provision of raw water for
drinking water, wastewater management, alleviating traffic congestion in the urban area and is
part of the sustainable effort to conserving groundwater in the Jakarta Megapolitan City which is
basically would not require land acquisition.
Background (3)
y Moreover, if it is integrated the MPDT could also be used for the installation of utility shaft, such
as gas pipe, electricity network, fiber optic, and telephone cable which will not cause any
disturbance during installation and maintenance.
y As it is integrated with sewerage system, the organic sludge produced by the MPDT system could
be further processed to produce biogas (CH4) as a source for electricity generator and bio-solid
in the form of organic fertilizer which could be used to cope with scarcity of manufactured
fertilizer.
y MPDT if its is implemented is basically is part of the integrated solution to overcoming flood risk,
traffic congestion, and urban water resources management in the medium as well as long term
solution, particularly in facing the future challenges.
y Since the benefits of MPDT are multi purpose, and the component of MPDT which could generate
revenue, the involvement of the private sector through Public Private Partnership scheme such as
implemented at the SMART Project in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) is a potential one that needs to be
further pursued in a planned manner.
y Based on a preliminary estimation, the financing of the project similar to the one in Kuala Lumpur
and Singapore, the MPDT project will require about USD 1.8 billions, whereby the private sector
investment for the toll road, sewerage system, including water reclamation system and utility shaft
will be about 70% of the total cost.
Scope of Problems
y Flood from upstream, urban storm drainage system & sea water tide (note :
global warming issues);
y Wastewater from Domestic Sources, Commercial & Industrial Areas.
Presently, Jakarta sewerage system serves about 3% of the Jakarta area;
y Clean water for Water Stress Area (especially at northern part of Jakarta);
y Electric power generation from gas methane and organic fertilizer from bio-
solid;
y Shallow and Deep Ground Water will be “conserved”, if piped water supply
service provision is improved and its regulations are effectively enforced
including its supervision/control.
Major problems requiring an
Integrated solution (1)
1. Flood control infrastructures and urban drainage, have not yet been fully
integrated, e.g.:
y Cengkareng Flood Drain and drainage area in West Jakarta.
y The proposed East Flood Way and drainage area in East Jakarta.
4. Northern part of Jakarta which has not been fully served by piped clean water
supply;
TMA. Banjir
BKB
TMA. Normal
TMA. Kemarau
Proposed Application of MPDT
Se a Outfall
W aduk Pluit
W RP
Se a Outfall
W aduk Grogol
Po mp a Cideng
W aduk M elati
PA. K aret
PA. M anggarai
WR
P
Timur
Barat
Pusat
Egres
s
Airpo
rt
Egre
W a duk ss
Grogol Roxy
Po mpa
Cideng
Egress Tanah Abang
W a duk
PA Karet
M elati PA
M anggarai
Wa duk Setiabudi
I PA Pejompongan
Jalan Tol
Baleka mbang - Manggarai
Holding Basin
MPDT Zona Pusat He ad work
y Application of MPDT starts by dividing the Jakarta area into 3 zones, namely West,
Central, and East respectively (as shown in the attached map).
y MPDT serves as a “complementary” to the “flood control” option, meaning the entire
commitment of the Central Government and Municipalities must be implemented in an
integrated manner.
y Central Zone is the proposed priority area for the application of MPDT as a pilot project.
Central MPDT is situated below the Ciliwung River and West Flood through Way starting
from MT. Haryono-West Flood Way with a total length of + 22 km and diameter + 12
meter.
y Direct benefit from peak flood control (Q100=100 m3/second), is that the storm water will
not be discharged into the central of Jakarta which was the current practice as an
‘emergency outlet’, since the capacity of the Ciliwung River and West Flood Way are not
adequate. Other routes of MPDT could be situated under the East Flood Way and
Cengkareng Drain (West).
y Also, MPDT could be utilized for toll road tunnel with ingress at Manggarai and egress at
Tanah Abang and Roxy leading to down town area and egress to the airport, hence it will
facilitate the traffic flow from southern part of Jakarta to Kota and Airport. The upper
inside part of MPDT could be used for utility shaft such as telecommunication, water
supply, gas, and electricity
Ciliwung River Basin
SATUAN WILAYAH SUNGAI
JAVA SEA CILIWUNG-CISADANE
KETERANGAN :
U
CISADANE RIVER IMPROVEMENT
Garis Batas Wil. Sungai
Ciliwung - Cisadane
a n
K. Tahang
Jalan raya
ab
ar
Cir
Sungai
Cileule
tta
Cakung Drain
- Ha
Cengkareng Drain
us arno
al
m
Suk irport
Saluran Drainasi
Ka
K. Blencong
at
K.
Bar
A JAKARTA
K. Marunda
ke
al
Se TANGERANG
an
ra Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta Raya
K
ng
jir
si
K. Sekretaris
K. Beka
Ban
tol
ke Balaraja C Program Pengendalian Banjir
Me .B
m
( Alternatif I )
eu
rak .L
K. Buaran
as
K. Grogol
Cip
Sal. Meruya
g
Ciledug
K. Sepak
an
ahab
K. Cideng
ne
nter
BEKASI
Cilem
da
Curug
K. Su
Cisa
K. Jatikramat
+ 6.01
Cikarang
K.
K. Cakung
K. Mampang
K. Krukut
W et
K. Cipinang
+ 16.46
Ranca
an
Sumur
KARAWANG
Cidurian
K. Pesanggrahan
Serpong
Cibeet
35,5 Km + 6
Cim
ke Serang ance
uri g
an
Ciliwung
dang
ar
Cik ke
ke
Cik
K. Ang
Cisa
am
ngsi
Jam
pe
Cileu
k
Cibeureum
Cimanggis Tol
ke Cik
ur
Cimatuk
Cileungsi am
u Tim
DEPOK Cibeet pek
Kali Bar
Cibarusa
Parung
urs
Curug
as
Cike
+ 3 Ho
Jonggol
Gunung Putri
Citarum
32 Km
Waduk
ke Rangkasbitung
Jatiluhur
BOGOR
Empang + 243.33
+ 240.97
Katulampa
sws 08.11.2001
To Sea Outfall
Pluit Storage
Reservoir
WRP
Egress
Airport
Egress
Grogol Dam
Roxy
Cideng Pumping
Station
Egress Tanah Abang
Melati
Karet Sluice Attenuation
Gate Pond Manggarai
Sluice Gate
Setiabudi Pond
Pejompongan WTP
Toll Road
Balekambang - Manggarai
Holding Basin
Headworks
MPDT Central Zone
MPDT Concept for Central Zone (Ciliwung, Cideng, Krukut)
Java Sea
River/ Bed
River Bed West/ West
FloodFlood
WayWay / Surface
/ Surface Pluit Reservoir
Area : 80 Ha
(Half part is for WWTP/ Advanced Activated Sludge)
Sewage
UtilityUtility
ShaftShaft
Pipes
Drainage Network
Fully Pressurized Flow + 15 m
Full Pressurized Flow + 15 m Egress Roxy
(100 m3/s) during 7 hour
(100 m3/s) during 7 hour
with R100 + 12 m
with R100 + 12 m
(emergency outlet)
(emergency outlet)
h
h Headwork MT Haryono
Safe Level
Safety Level - Diversion Weir
(at “Normalized” Kali - Offtake Structure
(at “Normalized” Kali Ciliwung and
Ciliwung and BKB)
BKB) - Holding Pond (+ 4 Ha)
Flood Q100
Manggarai Sluice Gate= t
Flood Q100
750 m3/s t
Manggarai Sluice Gate= 750 m3/s Peak Period
MT Haryono
MPDT
Bell Mouth
Intake
Holding Basin
+ 4 Ha
Diversion Weir
Saluran Inlet
Off Take
Head works
Safety Level
(at “Normalized” Kali Ciliwung and
BKB)
Flood Q100
Peak Period
Utility Shaft
Wastewater
+ 12 m
Length : + 22 Km
Diameter : + 12 m
Volume : + 2.5 million m3
Filling Time : + 7 hour
The Slurry Shield Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)
Internal Diameter
11.83 m
Heat Detection Cable
Concrete wall
Thickness 1.03 m
Exhaust Fan
Carbon Detection
Panel
Air
Upper deck
Emergency Way Ventilation
CCTV
Lower deck (every 200 m)
y Automatic water tight, flood gates in every ingress and egress of toll road
gate.
y Sixteen ventilation shafts divide the tunnel, at 1 km distance. Powerfull air
ventilation continously flow fresh air to maintain water quality inside
tunnel. To safeguard the ventilation system during flood, the system is made
of several shafts, each contains exhaust and air injector. The fan for
ventilation is constructed outside the tunnel and can be used as smoke
control in case of fire.
y Ventilation shaft can also function as emergency exit out of the tunnel.
y Cross path is constructed every 250 meter.
y Smoke gates are constructed to kept the environment free of smoke.
y Electricity panel is to be keep dry, free from submersion.
y Fire fighters, telecomunications, and surveillance devices are available
every 1 km.
Development Cost
Note:
Private Investment : USD 1,236 Millions ( 70% )
Government Investment : USD 550 Millions ( 30% )
1. Toll Road
350 X USD 0.44 Millions = USD 154 Millions
PUBLIC
UTILITY
BOARD
URBAN DRAINAGE
SOLID OTHER UTILITIES:
SYSTEM
- PLN
WATER SUPPLY WASTEWATER WASTE TOLL ROAD &
- GAS
(PAM DKI) (PD PAL) (DINAS (BPJT) FLOOD CONTROL
- TELEPHONE
KEBERSIHAN) BANJIR
- CABLES, DATA
(DPU)