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Food Chains
1. A food chain is an energy link showing how energy in food is passed from plants (producers)
to animals (consumers).
Paddy rat bird eagle
2. When the organism in a food chain die, they are decomposed by decomposers such as fungi
and bacteria, into simple minerals.
Food Webs
1. A food web consists of several food chains that are interlinked.
2. The organisms in a food web interact with each other.
Pyramid of Numbers
1. A pyramid of numbers shows the number of organism at each link of the food chain.
2. From the base of the pyramid to the top:
a. more energy is lost
b. the number of organism’s decrease
c. the size of the organism’s increase
4.4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
1. Photosynthesis is a process that occurs in green plants, in which food is made from water and carbon
dioxide in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight.
2. Light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, a simpler sugar and carbohydrate.
More complex sugars are formed from glucose.
3. The equation below shows the process of photosynthesis:
chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen
Sunlight
4. The glucose produced is brought to other parts of the plant to be
a. oxidised through the process of respiration to provide energy
b. stored as starch, if in excess
photosynthesis
Figure 1
(a) Complete the carbon cycle in Figure 1 using processes chosen from the following
list:
Photosynthesis Combustion Respiration
(2 marks)
(b) State two functions of plants in the carbon cycle
1. ______________________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
(c) Based on Figure 1, state two effects of deforestation.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
(2 marks)
1(a)