ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim,

First and foremost, I would like dedicate my profound and deepest gratitude upon Allah

the Almighty God for giving me strength and patience in completing my academic

writing. I would like to offer my sincerest gratitude to my supervisor, Mr Khairi

Shamsudin who has supported and guided me throughout my academic writing. My

deepest gratitude also goes to my design lecturer, Mr Jalaini bin Abu Hasan who

encouraged and always supported me throughout the whole process of my design

study. I would like to extend my appreciation to the entire group of lecturers who have

taught me, which in a way helped me in completing my academic writing.

I would also like to express my special thanks to Mr Suhaimi bin Tohid, The

Programme Coordinator of Fashion Design. Last but not least, I would like to give my

special thanks and undying love to my family especially my parents for their constant

support and encouragement throughout my time in completing my studies.

i
 APPROVAL

The thesis submitted to the Senate of Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) has been
accepted as fulfilment for the Degree of Fashion Design (Hons). The members of the
Supervisor Committee are as follow:

Signature:

Supervisor:

Date: 6 June 2017

Signature:

Programme Coordinator:

Date: 25 July 2017

ii
 DECLARATION

I declare that work in this academic writing was carried out accordance with the
regulation of Universiti TEKNOLOGI MARA. It is original and is the result of my own
work, unless indicated or acknowledge as referenced work. This writing has not been
submitted to any other academic institution or non-academic institution for any other
degree or qualification.

In the event that my academic writing be found to violate the condition mention above, I
voluntarily waive the right of conferment of my degree and agree to be subjected to the
disciplinary rules and regulations of Universiti Teknologi Mara.

Name of candidate : SRI LIYANA BINTI EMBOK EFEK

Candidate‘s I.D : 2015655846

Programme : Degree ( Hons ) in Fine Art

Faculty : Faculty of Art & Design

Title : The Expression to Visualize Buffalo as a Metaphor of Malay

Traditional Farmer Society in a Series of Painting

Signature candidate :

Date :

iii
 THE EXPRESSION TO VISUALIZE BUFFALO AS A METAPHOR OF MALAY

TRADITIONAL FARMER SOCIETY IN A SERIES OF PAINTING

The development of idea, content and context I will discuss the buffalo as a metaphor
to Malay Society. It will be focus on the characteristics of the buffalo itself. The
documentation of this painting based on autobiography which is from my family
background as farmer. The development process in producing the painting is starting
from the sketches based on subject matter that have been composed in variety of
view. The process of the painting is based on the mixed media on canvas which is oil
paint, oil pastel, aerosol spray, bitumen, charcoal, Dunlop gum, varnish, Chinese ink,
and gloss paint. The image of subject matter that had been choose based on the
movement and focus on the anatomy. From the collecting data, I choose some of the
images buffalo that I have finalized to compose and refer. The composition of the
buffalo will be develop by using the technique and mix media to make it dramatic and
appeared the movement. Semi abstract paintings are isme that I had followed and
refer in produce the artworks. The definition of semi abstract painting is pertaining or
designating a style of painting in which the subject remains recognizable although the
forms are highly stylized in a manner derived from abstract art. I do not literally paint
that buffalo, but the emotion it produces upon me. I tried to visualized the movement
of energy itself and it is look like the buffalo was fighting for the family sake.

iv
 LIST OF CONTENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i

APPROVAL ii

DECLARATION iii

ABSTRACT iv

LIST OF CONTENTS v

LIST OF FIGURES ix

INTRODUCTION xii

1. CHAPTER 1: RESEARCH BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Problem Statement 4
1.3 Research Question 4
1.4 Objectives of Study 4
1.5 Limitation 5
1.6 Statement of Significance 5

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Definition of Society 6

2.2 Definition of Autobiographical 7

2.3 Artist Reference

2.3.1 Tjokorda Bagus Wiratmaja 7

2.3.2 Montien Boonma 8
2.3.3 Ahmad Zakii Anwar 10
2.3.4 Haslin Ismail 11
2.3.5 Jalaini Abu Hasan 12
2.3.6 Robert Rauschenberg 15

2.4 Conclusion 16

v
3. CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 18
3.2 Research Methodology 18
3.3 Research Design and Approach 19
3.4 Data collection 19

3.4.1 Primary Data 19

3.4.1.1 Environment of Buffalo 20
3.4.1.2 Routine of Buffalo 21
3.4.2 Sketches of Idea Development

3.4.2.1 Idea of Composition 21

3.4.2.2 Exploration on Media and Technique 24

3.4.3 Image Reference and Final Composition 28

3.4.4 Material and Technique 30

3.4.4.1 Stencil buffalo represent of “itik pulang petang” 31

3.5 Process Making of Artwork 32

3.6 Finishing Process 37

4. CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS AND RESULT

4.1 Analysis of Artwork Based on Artist References 40

4.2 Style of Painting 40

4.3 Artist Statement 41

4.4 Final Painting 42

4.4.1 First Painting 42

4.4.2 Second Painting 43

vi
 4.4.3 Third Painting 44

4.4.4 Forth Painting 45

4.4.5 Fifth Painting 46

5. CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION

5.1 Conclusion 47

5.2 Recommendation 48

REFERENCE 49

vii
 LIST OF FIGURE

FIGURES PAGES

Figure 1 Tjokorda Bagus Wiratmaja, Lucky Troop, 2014 7

Figure 2 Montien Boonma, Buffaloes from the Field to

the Town, 1988 8

Figure 3 Ahmad Zakii Anwar, 1955 10

Figure 4 Variable Dimension 11

Figure 5 Jalaini Abu Hasan Bangsawan Melayu, 2010 13

Figure 6 Jalaini Abu Hasan Halal, 2007 14

Figure 7 Monogram (1955–59) 15

Figure 8 Kampung Tronoh, Perak 20

Figure 9 Kampung Tronoh, Perak 20

Figure 10 Kampung Tronoh, Perak 21

Figure 11 Rough sketches 22

Figure 12 Study the part of buffalo 22

Figure13 Composition study using cut and paste technique 23

Figure 14 Focusing on single image 23

Figure 15 Repetition of image in a one composition 24

Figure 16 Effect of dunlop gum and Chinese ink on brown paper 25

viii
Figure 17 Exploreration of the background using candle and

varnish 25

Figure 18 Tackle the basic form of using Chinese ink 26

Figure 19 Hatching technique on aluminium zinc 26

Figure 20 Combination of spray, pen and Chinese ink on butter

paper 27

Figure 21 Study scenery inspired by artist reference style 27

Figure 22 Focusing on the horn and head 28

Figure 23 For study the anatomy 28

Figure 24 Captured the moment of the buffalo fighting 29

Figure 25 Movement of the buffalo 29

Figure 26 Industrial medium 30

Figure 27 Malay motif wood carving 31

Figure 28 Cut out technique 31

Figure 29 Repetition of silhouette buffalo 31

Figure 30 The process of paint the image by using mix media

material and technique to get the form of anatomy 32

Figure 31 Process of making the textures on the body 33

Figure 32 Process of paint the background 33

Figure 33 Fill the form of buffalo using bitumen before rendering 34

Figure 34 Charcoal rendering process to tackle the stroke 34

Figure 35 Faded the image with the colour at the background 35

Figure 36 First process of forming the movement of buffalo 35

Figure 37 Process of making the background 36

Figure 38 First layer of brick shield 37

Figure 39 Process of drying the brick shield 37

Figure 40 Effect of layering the brick shield before dry 38

ix
Figure 40 Title : Buffalo : In Motion I 41

Figure 41 Title : Buffalo : In Motion II 42

Figure 42 Title : Buffalo : In Motion III 43

Figure 43 Title : Buffalo : In Motion IV 44

Figure 44 Title : Buffalo : In Motion V 45