CLASS 10 - Heredity and Evolution – Unit Test Paper

Q1: Define the following:

a) Inheritance
b) Heredity
c) Phenotype
d) Genotype

Q2: How does the creation of variation in a species promote survival?

Q3: Give scientific reasons:

i. In sexual mode of reproduction greater diversities are generated.
ii. Phenotypic and genotypic ratios are different.
iii. A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short pea plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall
plants

Q4: How do genes regulate the height of a plant ?

Q5: How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?

Q6: How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits may be dominant or recessive?

Q7: How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits are inherited independently?

Q8: What are fossils ? How are they formed ?

Q9: Distinguish between:

i. Monohybrid cross and Dihybrid cross
ii. Dominant characters and Recessive characters.
iii. Analogous organs and Homologous organs.
iv. Acquired Traits and Inherited Traits.

Q10: With the help of a diagram (Punnett square) show a Mendelian experiment where tall pea
plant bearing red flowers is crossed with a short pea plant bearing white flowers. Write both the
phenotypic and genotypic ratio for F2 generation.

Q11: The human hand, the cat paw and horse foot, when studied in detail show the same structure
of bones and point towards a common origin.
(a) What do you conclude from this ?
(b) What is the term given to such structures ?

Q12: A study found that children with light-coloured eyes are likely to have parents with light-
coloured eyes. On the basis, can we say anything about whether the light eye colour trait is
dominant or recessive? Why or why not?

Q13: What evidence do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter?

Q14: Write the full form of DNA. Name the part of the cell where it is located. Explain its role in
the process of reproduction of the cell.

Q15: How can the estimation of the age of fossils be done?

 CLASS 10 - Heredity and Evolution – Unit Test Paper

Q16: Briefly explain the role of natural selection and genetic drift in speciation by citing an
example.

Q17: Explain the role of artificial selection by humans helped in the evolution of different
vegetable? Explain by giving a suitable example.

Q18: Define the term of 'evolution'. “Evolution cannot be equated with progress”. Justify the
statement.

Q19: Why are thorn of Bougainvillea plant and a tendril of Passifora plant considered homologus?

Q20: Mendel crossed a plant having inflated green pod with constricted yellow pod.
(a) What type of a cross is it?
(b) What type of plants are obtained in F1?
(c) In F2 generation the phenotype ratio is 9:3:3:1. State the rule for the inheritance of traits
observed by Mendel.