CYBER CRIME

Cyber Crime
Cyber-crime, is crime that involves a computer and a network. The computer may have been used
in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target we can say that cyber-crime
“Offences that are committed against individuals or groups of individuals with a criminal motive
to intentionally harm the reputation of the victim or cause physical or mental harm to the victim
directly or indirectly, using modern telecommunication networks such as Internet (chat rooms,
emails, notice boards and groups) and mobile phones (SMS/MMS).”

Information about cyber crime act

The Ministry of Information Technology (MoIT) has finalized a draft proposal to make provision
for the prevention of electronic crimes in the country.
As stated in the draft, the Act is named the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2014.
Such an Act was definitely required in Pakistan as the use of IT across the country has grown
exponentially in the past few years. Both businesses and individuals will surely welcome the
implementation of this Act.
Commenting on the Draft the Minister of State for Information Technology and Telecom Ms.
Anusha Rehman stated, “We are going to table a comprehensive Cyber-crime bill before the
cabinet which has been prepared in consultation with all stakeholders over the last 3 years.
International best practices have been taken in to consideration while drafting it.”
The submission of the Draft to the cabinet is expected this week. The State Minister chaired a
meeting to review the final draft of the bill. The meeting was also attended by Mr. Akhlaq A.
Tarrar, Secretary IT, Mr. Muhammad Amir Malik, Member (IT), Mr. Yasir Qadir, Member
(Telecom) and representatives from Ministry of law, PTA, FIA and representative of ISPAK,
PASHA and Barrister Zahid Jamil.

Cybercrime related to Internet

1. Phising/Spoofing

Unlawfully accessing a computer without authorization and sending multiple e-mails; resending
multiple commercial email messages with the intent to deceive recipients; or falsifying header
information in multiple email messages.

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Spam and its decedents are not only extremely annoying, they are federally outlawed. This shady
practice carries a maximum five year sentence if the sender is spamming for commercial gain. In
all other cases, spammers face a possible three year sentence for their first offense. Thank you,
Gmail.
2. Blackmail/Extortion
Using the Internet to threaten to cause damage with the intent to extort from any person any money
or other thing of value.
Hackers threatening to expose damaging or embarrassing information in exchange for money face
a hefty fine of up to five years. Be sure to keep your anti-virus updated and don't click that weird
video link in your email.
3. Accessing Stored Communications
Intentionally accessing, without authorization, a facility through which an electronic
communication service is provided.
4. Sports Betting
Engaging in the business of betting or wagering on any sporting event or contest over the Internet.
5. Non-Delivery of Merchandise
Devising any scheme to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false or
fraudulent pretenses, or promises, and using the Internet for the purpose of executing the scheme.
6. Child Pornography
Using the Internet to transmit child pornography.
7. Prostitution
The Crime: Persuading, inducing, enticing, or coercing any individual to travel in interstate
commerce to engage in prostitution.
8. Drug Trafficking
Delivering, distributing, or dispensing a controlled substance by means of the Internet.
9. Criminal Copyright Infringement
The Crime: Infringing a copyright for financial gain...or by distributing a work being prepared for
commercial distribution on a computer network.

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Cybercrime related to Facebook

1. Scams
Criminals have been utilizing the scam for centuries. In the Facebook world, scams are particularly
effective at drawing people in by simply enticing an individual to click on a link that would interest
almost anyone, such as an innocent-looking notification that you’ve won a free prize like a gift
card. Then, in order to claim the prize, scammers require you to submit some information, such as
a credit card number or Social Security number. This description may make it seem like scams are
easy to spot, but even the most savvy social media user has to be on the lookout for illegitimate
requests for information.
2. Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying is a common occurrence among teenagers on Facebook and one that can result in
serious criminal charges if it goes far enough. Cyberbullying on Facebook has contributed to the
deaths of several teens who either committed suicide or were killed by a peer. Cyberbullying that
involves hacking or password and identity theft may be punishable under state and federal law.
When adults engage in this kind of online behavior it is called cyber-harassment or cyberstalking.
3. Stalking
The term “stalking” is thrown around a lot on Facebook, and it is often meant as a joke for regularly
looking at someone’s profile. However, the actual act of cyber stalking is a common crime on the
social networking site and can result in a serious offense. Cyber stalking typically involves
harassing a person with messages, written threats, and other persistent online behavior that
endangers a person’s safety. Although cyber stalking may seem like nothing more than annoying
behavior, it is a legitimate cause for concern in many cases and can even lead to in-person stalking
or endangerment if not treated seriously.
4. Identity theft
With the large amount of personal information swarming around Facebook these days, it has
become fairly easy for criminals to steal users’ identities. Hackers often break into users’ e-mails
and make fake Facebook accounts. From there they can access personal and bank information and
cause havoc to your sense of security. Protect yourself from identity theft on Facebook by keeping
your profile very secure and free of personal information that a criminal would love to have.
5. Defamation
An individual commits the crime of defamation when they communicate a false statement to a
third party that paints another individual or entity in a negative light. Facebook makes
communicating defamatory statements frighteningly easy, and the exposure Facebook provides

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makes it more likely that businesses or individuals will be harmed by the defamatory statement,
and thus more likely to pursue legal remedies. Be careful what you say on Facebook; you may be
committing a crime without even knowing it.
6. Harassment
Harassment happens all the time on Facebook. There has been a significant increase in the number
of harassment cases happening on Facebook.

Cybercrime related to Email

1. Email spoofing
A spoofed email is one that appears to originate from one source but has actually emerged from
another source. Falsifying the name and / or email address of the originator of the email usually
does email spoofing. usually to send an email the sender has to enter the following information:
 email address of the receiver of the email
 email address(es) of the person(s) who will receive a copy of the email (referred to as CC
for carbon copy)
 email address(es) of the person(s) who will receive a copy of the email (referred to as CC
for carbon copy, but whose identities will not be known to the other recipients of the e-
mail (known as BCC for blind carbon copy)
 Subject of the message (a short title / description of the message)
 Message

2. Spreading Trojans, viruses and worms

Emails are often the fastest and easiest ways to propagate malicious code over the Internet. The
Love Bug virus, for instance, reached millions of computers within 36 hours of its release from
the Philippines thanks to email. Hackers often bind Trojans, viruses, worms and other computer
contaminants with e-greeting cards and then email them to unsuspecting persons. Such
contaminants can also be bound with software that appears to be an anti-virus patch. E.g. a person
receives an email from Compose from to CC BCC Subject

3. Message
information@mcaffee.com (this is a spoofed email but the victim does not know this). The email
informs him that the attachment contained with the email is a security patch that must be
downloaded to detect a certain new virus. Most unsuspecting users would succumb to such an
email (if they are using a registered copy of the McAffee anti-virus software) and would download
the attachment, which actually could be a Trojan or a virus itself!

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Pakistan Cyber Crime Cases

The first cyber-crime case appear in 2003 , The Supreme Court on May 13, 2003 issued notice to
the deputy attorney general for May 14 in the first-ever cybercrime case reported by the US
Consulate in Karachi . He said the consulate identified about five Pakistanis and traced their phone
numbers who were allegedly involved in the case and reported the matter to the FIA to take action
against these persons under sections 420, 411, 468, 471 and 477(a)
According to FIA report cybercrime increasing constantly day by day girls belong to education
and well known families are blackmail via Facebook according to this report 99% cases are
regarding to blackmailing .
Pakistan might have seen a boom in the usage of internet and smartphone in past 10 years but this
has also lead into criminal use of this technology. From blackmailing women to harassment on
social media, from fake job offers to internet calls for extortion money, our cyber space has been
ravaged by criminal elements of the society. Kidnappings are occurring in the country by faking
friendship on social networking websites.
Pakistan have increased by five times over the past four years, officials say. According to the Cyber
Crime Unit (CCU), a branch of Pakistan’s Federal Investigation Agency (FIA), 62 cases were
reported to the unit in 2007, 287 cases in 2008 and while the ratio dropped in 2009, in 2010 more
than 312 cases were registered in different categories of cyber crimes. It has increased much more
in the years 2013 and 2014
According to a media report, more than 10,000 cybercrime cases are pending in Pakistan while
250 alleged culprits has been set free because of inefficient law. Pakistan only has a defunct
cyber-crimes law in form of “Cyber Crimes ordinance” that was last updated in 2009. A permanent
law is need of the hour and with introduction of 3G technology around the corner, this law becomes
even a greater necessity.

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CYBER CRIME PREVENTION TIPS

1. SECURE YOUR ONLINE BANKING

 Never use same PIN CODE for multiple bank accounts
 Never use unprotected PCs at cybercafes for internet banking
 Never keep your pin code and cards together
 Never leave the PC unattended when using internet banking in a public place
 Register for Mobile SMS, Email Transaction Alerts
 Never reply to emails asking for your password or pin code
 Visit banks website by typing the URL in the address bar
 Log off and close your browser when you are done using internet banking
 When using ATM always conceal keypad before entering pin code
 Before using ATM, make sure that there is no extra device installed in the surroundings

2. SECURE YOUR FACEBOOK

 Use extra security features to access account (security code, Login alert etc)
 Use login notification alert
 Allow specific individuals to view your contents (Videos, Photos and Friends etc.)
 Control who can contact you
 Block your profile from search engines

3. SECURE YOUR BROWSING

 What you put online will always remain there
 Never trust any free online content
 Dont provide personal information online to get something free
 Don’t click on links inside e-mails or messages

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What victims do??
National Response Centre for Cyber Crime (NR3C) - FIA is a law enforcement agency
dedicated to fight cybercrime. Inception of this Hi-Tech crime fighting unit transpired in
2007 to identify and curb the phenomenon of technological abuse in society

CYBER RESCUE 9911

"Cyber Rescue Help line 9911" is round the clock 24/7 Cyber Crime complaint
registration service dedicated for the general public to address their grievances. NR3C's
dedicated personals are deputed on the Cyber helpline to provide assistance regarding the
Cyber Crime related issues and complaint registration. This service provides one window
service to register a Cyber Crime complaint, and provide assistance to public.
If you are a victim of Cyber Crime or have related questions, Dial 9911 from your
phone/mobile and report your complaint.
You may register your complain online by using official website

Website: https://www.nr3c.gov.pk/creport.php

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NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTRE FOR CYBER CRIME (NR3C)

National Response Centre for Cyber Crime (NR3C) - FIA is a law enforcement agency
dedicated to fight cyber crime. Inception of this Hi-Tech crime fighting unit transpired in
2007 to identify and curb the phenomenon of technological abuse in society
National Reponse Centre for Cyber Crime (NR3C), is the latest introduction to mandate of
the FIA, primarily to deal with technology based crimes in Pakistan. It is the only unit of
its kind in the country and in addition to the directly received complaints also assists other
law enforcement agencies in their own cases.
NR3C has expertise in Digital Forensics, Technical Investigation, Information System
Security Audits, Penetration Testing and Trainings. The unit since its inception has been
involved in capacity building of the officers of Police, Intelligence, Judiciary, Prosecutors
and other Govt. organizations. NR3C has also conducted a large number of seminars,
workshops and training/awareness programs for the academia, print/electronic media and
lawyers. Cyber Scouts is the latest initiative of NR3C, in which, selected students of
different private/public schools are trained to deal with computer emergencies and
spreading awareness amongst their fellow students, teachers and parents.
VISION OF NR3C-FIA
A law enforcement agency that combats Cyber Crime, provides state of the art digital
forensic services, enjoys the respect in the society for its integrity, professional
competence, impartial attitude and serves as a role model for provincial police forces.
MISSION OF NR3C-FIA
To achieve excellence by promoting culture of merit, enforcing technology based law,
extending continuous professional training, ensuring effective internal accountability,
encouraging use of technology and possessing an efficient feedback mechanism.

NR3C HEADQUARTERS

ADDRESS 2nd Floor, National Police FoundationBuilding, Mauve Area, Sector G-

10/4, Islamabad, Pakistan.

PHONE +92 51 9106384

FAX +92 51 9106383

EMAIL helpdesk@nr3c.gov.pk

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Punishments:

E-Crime bill has suggested following punishments for cyber/E-crimes:

 As per draft regulation, a person accessing an information system – any device that has
processing power, operates electronically and stores sensitive and private data – without
authorization may face imprisonment for up to six months and a fine of up to Rs. 100,000
or both. Changing content of information system may result into imprisonment of up to
nine months or a fine of up to Rs. 200,000.
 Unauthorized destruction/deletion of data may result into imprisonment of up to three years
or a fine of up to Rs. 500,000 or both.
 Accessing an information system to spread panic/fear or if such access is rated as severe
cyber terrorism then punishment can extent to imprisonment for up to fourteen years or a
fine of up to Rs. 50 million or both.
 Electronic forgery will be punished with imprisonment of up to two years or a fine of up
to Rs. 200,000 or both
 If electronic fraud is found and proved then guilty can face an imprisonment of up to five
years or a fine of up to Rs. 10 million or both.
 If someone is found guilty of posing another person’s identity then he/she may face
imprisonment of three months of a fine of Rs. 50,000 or both
 Unauthorized interception of private data (for example hacking emails) can result into
imprisonment of two years or a fine up to Rs. 500,000 or both
 Special protection for women: If someone is found publicly spreading any content
(video/pictures/audio) that may harm the reputation of women then he/she may face
imprisonment for one year or a fine up to Rs. 1 million or both