Laxmi International School, Sarigam

Information Technology
IT Notes
Class IX

Q:1. What is a computer?

A computer is a programmable electronic machine that takes some input, processes it

according to a set of instructions and gives some meaningful output.

Q:2. What is a Computer Program?

A computer program is a set of instructions given to computer to perform some

operation(s).

Q:3. What are data? What is the output of data processing system?
Data are raw facts and figures. Data processing system transforms data into useful
information.

Q:4. What are the four fundamental components of a computer system?

The four fundamental components of a computer system are

 Input Unit: Computer takes data from input devices.
 CPU (Central Processing Unit).
(i) ALU(Arithmetic and Logic Unit)
(ii) Control Unit
(iii) Primary Memory
 Output Unit: Gives out results or data through output devices.
 Auxiliary Storage/ Secondary Storage devices are used to store Data and
instructions permanently.

Q:5. Explain Applications of Computer System.

Computers are extremely versatile. They can be used to perform different types of
tasks. One can see them being used in all fields. Computers are used at homes,
hospitals, reservation systems, offices, banks, hotels etc.
Banking: Computers have revolutionized modern banking. Almost every bank uses
computers to keep records of money transactions and financial documents. It is also
used in this sector because of the speed, convenience and security it provides.
Communication: Computers can be an effective tool for communication between
people who are far away. Email or electronic mail can be used to exchange letters,
graphics, greeting cards or even photographs. It is a cheaper, faster and easier

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 Laxmi International School, Sarigam
Information Technology
IT Notes
Class IX

alternative to traditional methods of correspondence. Voice mail and video

conferencing are used to hold meetings without people actually meeting.

Business: Computer has now become an integral part of corporate life. Business
Transactions take place very easily, accurately and records of all the business
Transactions can be stored. Today computers can be found in every store,
Supermarkets, restaurants, offices etc. One can buy and sell things online, bills and taxes
can be paid online and even the future of business can be predicted
Using artificial intelligence software. Computers also play a very important role
in the stock markets.
MEDICAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH CARE
Diseases can be easily diagnosed with the help of computer and we can also
know about the cure. Almost every medical diagnostic equipment uses a
computer. In the field of healthcare, computers are used to perform various
tasks such as reviewing medical records of patients. Using computers, doctors
can easily search information about latest drugs that are available to treat a
disease. In addition, doctors use computer technology to discuss and share
information about various diseases.
EDUCATION
Today computer has become an important part of one‟s education because we
are using computers in every field. Without the knowledge of computer we
cannot get a job and perform well in it. So computers can improve job
prospects. Computers are used in class rooms by teachers to teach, maintain
records of students, online learning and assessments, etc.

(Note: - Any five applications can be written for the above answer from the textbook
pg: 8-11)

Q:6. What is Hardware?

Hardware is best described as a device that is physically connected to your computer or
something that can be physically touched. Most hardware will contain a circuit
board, ICs, and other electronics. A perfect example of hardware is a computer monitor,
which is an output device that lets you see what you're doing on the computer. Without
any hardware, your computer would not exist, and software would not be able to run.

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 Laxmi International School, Sarigam
Information Technology
IT Notes
Class IX

Q:7. What is Software?

Computer software, or simply software, also known as computer programs, is the non-
tangible component of computers. Computer software contrasts with computer
hardware, which is the physical component of computers.
The Internet browser that allowed you to visit this page and the operating system that
the browser is running on is considered software.

Q:8. What is a Motherboard?

The motherboard is a printed circuit board that is the foundation of a computer and
allows the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components to function and
communicate with each other.
It also contains chips that determine how, when, and where data can flow through the
computer. Depending on the task that you want your computer to perform, you can
choose the appropriate hardware.

Q:9. What is a network? Explain the three components of a network in brief?

A group of computers and associated devices that are linked together to facilitate
sharing information is called a network.
A typical network has three components:
Server: The main computer on a network that provides services to other computers on
the network. A Server decides which computers are to be allowed to access the
hardware and software on the network.

Workstation: A computer connected to a network. You use a workstation to access the

hardware and software on a network.

Communication Channels: A path or link that connects computers or peripheral devices

such as printers and disk drives, to transfer information.

Q:10. Short note on Internet and Intranet

Internet
 Internet is a world-wide/global system of interconnected computer networks.
 Internet uses the standard Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
 Every computer in internet is identified by a unique IP address.
 IP Address is a unique set of numbers (such as 110.22.33.114) which identifies a
computer location.

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 Laxmi International School, Sarigam
Information Technology
IT Notes
Class IX

 A special computer DNS (Domain Name Server) is used to give name to the IP Address
so that user can locate a computer by a name.
 For example, a DNS server will resolve a name http://www.google.com to a particular
IP address to uniquely identify the computer on which this website is hosted.
 Internet is accessible to every user all over the world.

Intranet
 Intranet is system in which multiple PCs are networked to be connected to each other.
 PCs in intranet are not available to the world outside of the intranet.
 Usually each company or organization has their own Intranet network and
members/employees of that company can access the computers in their intranet.
 Each computer in Intranet is also identified by a IP Address, which is unique among the
computers in that Intranet.

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 Laxmi International School, Sarigam
Information Technology
IT Notes
Class IX

Similarities in Internet & Intranet

 Intranet uses the internet protocols such as TCP/IP and FTP.
 Intranet sites are accessible via web browser in similar way as websites in internet. But
only members of Intranet network can access intranet hosted sites.
 In Intranet, own instant messengers can be used as similar to yahoo messenger/gtalk
over the internet.

Differences in Internet & Intranet

 Internet is general to PCs all over the world where Intranet is specific to few PCs.
 Internet is wider access and provides a better access to websites to large population
whereas Intranet is restricted.
 Internet is not as safe as Intranet as Intranet can be safely privatized as per the need.

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