BUILDING SCIENCE II (ARC 3413 / BLD61303)

Project 1
Auditorium: A Case Study on Acoustic Design
(Cempaka Sari Auditorium)
INTRODUCTION
Name of auditorium : Auditorium Cempaka Sari
Location : Persiaran Perdana, Presint 3, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia
Type of auditorium : Multi Purpose Auditorium
Total Volume : 19000m³
Year of construction : 2012
Total seats : 610 fixed and cushioned
 MASJID TUANKU MIZAN
● Landmark ZAINAL ABIDIN /
buildings along MASJID BESI
Persiaran Perdana
● Masjid Besi at the PUTRAJAYA COMPLEX
west while Palace
of Justice at the
east. PALACE OF JUSTICE
● The auditorium is
connected to the
Perbandaran
Putrajaya
Complex
● Traditional Islamic
architecture
● For events such
as exhibitions,
meetings, product
launch events,
seminars and
social events.
DRAWINGS
AUDITORIUM PLAN
SCALE : NOT TO SCALE
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
SCALE : NOT TO SCALE
THIRD FLOOR PLAN
SCALE : NOT TO SCALE
REFLECTED CEILING PLAN
SCALE : NOT TO SCALE
SECTION
SCALE : NOT TO SCALE
EXISTING SOUND SOURCE
EQUIPMENT LOCATION

STEREO SYSTEM
● Permits panning and adds profundity
to the acoustic picture.
● Speech reinforcement
● Enhances live or pre - recorded music
● Best horizontal coverage. Guarantees
that the audience members are very
much secured by the example.
EQUIPMENT LOCATION

● Subwoofer situated at the phase of the staircase ● To spread the sound uniformly towards the
as the capacity of subwoofer is to deliver bass audience, the speakers are being arranged at
and low frequency tones at both left and right. the highest position of both sides of the stage in
the auditorium.
EQUIPMENT
SPECIFICATION
EQUIPMENT
SPECIFICATION PRODUCT BRAND BEHRINGER 2 WAY
SPEAKER

MODEL B 1220 PRO

WEIGHT 55.2 Ibs

DIMENSIONS (H) 640mm x (W)

400mm

SOUND LEVEL 95 dB

FREQUENCY 55 Hz - 18,000 Hz

POWER 300 W Constant, 1200 W

CONSUMPTION Peak
ACOUSTICAL ANALYSIS
AUDITORIUM DESIGN
Shape

● Horseshoe shaped to enable great

perceivability, a feeling of closeness to the
sound source and common eye contact
between onlookers.
● Concentration of the early sound
reflections at the back of the room, causing
a non uniform spread of sound in the
auditorium.
Massing

● Cempaka Sari Auditorium is built in a hovering

egg like structure to increase the space from

lobby area to the auditorium to decrease the
noise destruction from the outside of the
auditorium.

● Double layer shell structure creates air gap

between the walls and thus act as a sound

insulation system preventing sound from
entering or escaping the auditorium.
LEVELLING OF THE STAGE

Raked seats and raised stage allow the occupants in the furthest-most seats to hear clearly.
This is possible due to the effectiveness of the sound waves reaching the ears of the
occupants without the presence of sound interrupting obstacles.
ARRANGEMENTS OF SEATS

● Hybrid configuration which are fan shaped

and end stage
● Ensure a maximum number of seats are
fitted, and obtain an optimum sightline to
stage area from every seat.
● As spherical wavefront will be formed when
sound emits from the source, this layout
helps to achieve the most effective acoustic
quality as all seats fall within the angle of
the existing sound projection area.
ARRANGEMENTS OF
SEATS

● Hybrid configuration of convex shaped and stepped ceiling that reflects the sound back towards the
seating zone and increases the volume of the sound.
● The convex shaped ceiling dissipate the sound to the centre and back part of auditorium. As the ceiling
is parallel to the floor, a little flutter echoes are being noted on stage.
MATERIAL AND PROPERTIES

Wall components
Floor components
MATERIAL AND PROPERTIES

Nylon carpet Flooring

Cotton Velour Curtain

Timber Veneer Flooring Timber Stairs with Nylon Timber Structured Sitting
Carpet with Fabric Cushion
MATERIAL AND PROPERTIES

Granite Timber Perforated Acoustic Panels Muslin Fabric with Cotton Felt
ACOUSTIC TREATMENT AND COMPONENTS
STAGE FLOORING

TIMBER VENEER FLOORING

● Made out of numerous layers of thin wood
● Prone to splitting / cracking
● Stronger than natural wood
● Durable
● Aesthetically pleasing
● Flat & smooth surface, tendency to reflect
sound
● Creates footstep noises.
WALL

GRANITE (w / uneven surface)

● Low absorption
● Diffuses acoustic sound
● Traject the sound wave from the speaker
ACOUSTIC PANELS

TIMBER PERFORATED ACOUSTIC PANELS

FEATURES
● Hole Dimension : 34mm
● Spacing : 115 x 117mm align
● Perforated surface : 3.4%
● Thickness : 12mm / 16mm

Perforated panels are the most economical way to get an

acoustic treatment with a high degree of absorption. With
several variations of patterns and hole diameters, different
levels of absorption and aesthetic results can be achieved.
CEILING

GYPSUM PLASTERBOARD CEILING

● Lightweight material
● Fire resistance
● Thicker in mass to resist vibration
● Different leveling an profile for sound to disperse and reflect
STAIRS

TIMBER WITH NYLON CARPET

● Help reduce footstep noises when climbing stairs.
● Act as an sound absorbent
SEATING

TIMBER STRUCTURE WITH FABRIC CUSHION

● Sound absorber
● Provide comfortability
Enable the space to accomplish a comparable nature of sound whether the auditorium is filled to
partial maximum capacity.
DOOR

SOLID TIMBER DOOR

● No fancy components
● Serves well as a reflector
● Produces squeaky noise when open / close
CURTAIN

COTTON VELOUR CURTAIN

● Thick piece of curtain that can absorb soundwave
● Creates a sound barrier that isolates mainstage with backstage and vice versa
EXTERNAL NOISE

● Occasions that situated at the

passageway ground floor.
● The occasion utilizes sound speaker
gadgets thus generates clamours.
● The lobby of the auditorium at the
sitting area create some external noises
as well.
● As the Cempaka Sari Auditorium is
located beside of the main road which
is Jalan Persiaran Perdana causes it to
create sound pollution and affect the
event in the building itself
INTERNAL NOISE

Overall internal noise source in the

auditorium.
INTERNAL NOISE

● The internal noises is that the wall of the backstage is made out of pure concrete without any
other absorbent material.
● Source of internal noise can be found on top of the stages, because of the timber materials of
the flooring of the stage that cause the noises.
INTERNAL NOISE

● Air conditioning on the ceiling of the auditorium is also source of noise. Because of the size of
the auditorium, circulation of air flow is important. Hence full fan speed is needed sometimes
to change the air freshness & internal temperature rapidly.
INTERNAL NOISE

● VIP entrance is also one of the causes for internal noises

● The air blower located at the end of the stage to help circulate the air in the spaces is also one
of the noises contributor to the space
SOUND PROPAGATIONS & RELATED PHENOMENA
SOUND CONCENTRATION

● Sound concentration fluctuates in

Cempaka Sari Auditorium
● Formation of district sound
concentration at the back of room.
FACTORS OF NON - UNIFORM SOUND CONCENTRATION

The detrimental design of the auditorium

reflecting the sound path towards the back
seats.
FACTORS OF NON - UNIFORM SOUND CONCENTRATION

Selection of materials at different spaces.

SOUND REFLECTION

FRONT ROWS

● Sound is reflected back to the audience

for better acoustic quality.
● Plasterboard ceiling as the sound
MIDDLE ROWS
reflector
● Nylon Carpet as sound absorber to
minimize resultant reflected sound.
● Concrete rear facade causes excessive
BACK ROWS
sound reflection.
ECHO & SOUND DELAY

FRONT ROWS

● In Auditorium Cempaka Sari, sound

delay of 40ms and above will be
considered as an echo
MIDDLE ROWS
● Sound delay in the VIP area and the back
seats are optimum and suitable for the
use of speech.
● Front seats may suffer confusing sound
BACK ROWS
caused by the echoes as it has a sound
delay higher than the optimum level
40ms.
REVERBERATION TIME
REVERBERATION TIME CALCULATION

Reverberation Time:
RT = 0.16V
A
= 0.16 (19000m3) / 1620.18m2 sabins
= 1.88 seconds
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION

1. A successful design of and auditorium depends on its acoustic design such as the auditorium
layout and absorption materials used to preserve and enhance the desired sound and to
eliminate noise and unwanted sound.
2. The auditorium layout and the materials used on the structure and furniture, such as walls,
floor, chairs, etc, can effectively affect the acoustic inside the auditorium hall and even can
efficiently affect the sound from the outside of the auditorium hall.
3. Based on our analysis and calculation, the auditorium has a optimum reverberation time for a
multipurpose hall, which create echoes that is suitable for both speech musical performance.
4. It let us understand how the acoustic design works better depends on the functions of the
auditorium and uses the acoustic design to make the users comfort.
RECOMMENDATIONS

Scheduled maintenance should be held to fix Cempaka Sari Auditorium can reduce its
the loose screw, bolt and grease the door hinge and reverberation time to the desirable length by adding in
handle to prevent unwanted noise that would affect or more sound absorbent to increase its acoustic effect.
decrease the acoustic effect. Also major maintenance
also have to be organized by inviting professional
sound specialist to test out the acoustic level and
make sure it is well maintained.
 Ventilation system will be improved so that Old carpets and cushion should be replace from time

portable air blower that will give out huge noise to the to time as new carpets are relatively softer and better. With
better absorption of sound, echoes are able to be absorb and
space can be eliminated. Air conditioning system
sound quality can be improved.
should be serviced occasionally in order to reduce the
noise destruction.
REFERENCE

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3. Auditorium Cempaka Sari. Retrieved from https://10times.com/venues/auditorium-cempaka-sari
4. An Architect's Guide to Soundproofing. Retrieved from
https://www.soundproofcow.com/soundproofing-101/architects-soundproofing-guide/ on April 23, 2018
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2012) Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science /article/pii/S2090447912---317 on April 28,
2018