College of Computing & Information Sciences

Discrete Mathematics (Assignment-1 )

Plagiarism:

“Plagiarism is copying another person’s text or ideas and passing the copied material as
your own work. You must both delineate (i.e., separate and identify) the copied text from
your text and give credit to (i.e., cite the source) the source of the copied text to avoid
accusations of plagiarism. Plagiarism is considered fraud and has potentially harsh
consequences including loss of job, loss of reputation, and the assignation of reduced or
failing grade in a course.

Instructions:
Your assignment should free from plagiarism
All those assignment fall in plagiarism, will not be graded
Don’t lose you marks either as owner or copier
Late submission will also not be graded

Assigned date: 19-06-2017 Due data: 29-06-2017

Q.1) Show that each of the following implications is a tautology by using truth table:
(a) [¬p ∧ (p ∨ q)] → q
(b) [(p → q) ∧ (q → r)] → (p → r)

Q.2) Prove that following logical propositions by truth table

(a) (p ∨ q) ∨ r ⇔ p ∨ (q ∨ r)
(b) ¬(p ∨ (¬p ∧ q)) ⇔ ¬p ∧ ¬q

Q.3) Let P(x) be the statement “x can speak Russian” and let Q(x) be the statement “x
knows the computer language c++” Express each of the following sentences in
terms of P(x), Q(x), quantifiers, and logical connectives. For universe of discourse
for quantifiers use the set of all students at your school.
(a) There is a student at your school who can speak Russian and who knows
C++
(b) There is a student at your school who can speak Russian but who doesn’t
know C++
(c) Every student at your school either can speak Russian or knows C++.
(d) No student at your school can speak Russian or knows C++
Q.4) Let W(x, y) mean that x has visited y, where the universe of discourse for x is the
set of all students in your school and the universe of discourse for y is the set of all
Web sites. Express each of the following statements by a simple English sentence.
(a) W( Sarah Smith, www.att.com)
(b) ∃x W(x, www.imdb.org)
(c) ∃y W(Jose Orez, y)
(d) ∃y (W(Ashok Puri, y) ∧ W(Cindy Yoon, Y))

Q.5) Let P(x) be the statement “x = x2” If the universe of discourse is the set of integers,
what are the truth values of the following:
(a) P(0) (b) P(1) (c) P(2) (d) P(-1) (e) ∃x P(x) (f) ∀x P(x)

Q.6) Determine the truth value of each of the following statements if the universe of
discourse for all variables is the set of all integers
(a) ∀n(n2 ≥ 0) (b) ∃n(n2 = 2) (c) ∀n(n2 ≥ n) (d) ∀n ∃m(n2 < m)
(e) ∃n ∀m(n < m2)

Q.7) ∀x(C(x) ∨ ∃y(C(y) ∧ F(x, y))

Translate the statement into English, where c(x) is “x has computer”, F(x, y ) is “x
and y are friends,” and the universe of discourse for both x and y is the set of all
students in your school

Q.8) express the statement “If somebody is female and is a parent, then this person is
someone mother” as logical expression with predicates and quantifiers

Q.9) How many elements does each of the following sets have?
(i) P={a, b, {a,b}} (ii) P = { Ф, a, {a}, {{a}}}

Q.10) Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false

(i) x ϵ {x} (ii) {x} ϵ {x} (iii) {x} subset of {x} (iv) {x} ϵ {{x}} (v) Ф ϵ {x}

Q.11) Suppose that the universal set is U = {1, 2, 3, 4, …, 10}. Express of the following
sets with bit strings where ith bit in the string is 1 if i is in the set and 0 otherwise.
Also find the union and intersection of sets
(i) {3, 4, 5} (ii) {1, 3, 6, 10} (iii) {2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9}
Q.12) Shed the region

A B
C∩(B’∩A)
C

Q.13)

In a school, 60% of the pupils have savings accounts with POSBank and 72% of them
have savings accounts with commercial bank. Find the percentage of pupil who have
savings accounts in both POSBank and commercial banks if all the pupils have at least
one savings account.

Q.14)

80 boys took the examination in the three subjects: Chinese, English and Mathematics,
and none of them failed in all three subjects. It was noted that 8 passed in English only
and 10 passed in Mathematics only; 7 passed in Mathematics and Chinese but not in
English, 40 passed in English and Mathematics and 21 passed in English and Chinese.
Altogether, 54 passed in English. Draw a Venn diagram to represent this information and
from it, find
i) How may pupils passed in Chinese only,
Ii How many pupils passed in all three subjects