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AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

1 SCOPE 2
2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS TO BE SPECIFIED BY THE EMPLOYER 3
3 DEFINITIONS 3
4 REQUIREMENTS 4
4.1 APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS 4
4.2 VARIATIONS AND ADDITIONS TO APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS 4
4.3 MATERIALS (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.1) 4
4.4 TEST CERTIFICATES (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.1.2) 4
4.5 SUBSTITUTION OF STEEL QUALITY AND SHAPE (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.1.6)
4
4.6 FABRICATION DRAWINGS (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.2.4) 4
4.7 IDENTIFICATION (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.3.1) 6
4.8 HOLING (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.3.6) 6
4.9 ASSEMBLY (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.3.7) 6
4.10 WELDING PROCESSES (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.4.2) 6
4.11 WELDING PROCEDURES (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.4.3) 6
4.12 WELDER QUALIFICATION (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 5.2) 6
4.13 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF WELDS (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 5.3) 7
4.14 WELD REPAIRS 7
4.15 CORROSION PROTECTION 7
5 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 7
APPENDIX A: RELATED DOCUMENTS 8
APPENDIX B: RECORD OF AMENDMENTS 9

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 1 of 9

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AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

1 SCOPE
This specification details the requirements for materials, preparation of fabrication and
erection drawings, fabrication, erection, protective treatment and quality assurance of
structural steelwork used in buildings and structures.

It is intended for use in the construction of structural steelwork in South Africa only, but it
can also be used for structural steelwork to be constructed in other countries, provided all
specific requirements, as set out in the relevant construction standards and legislation
applicable to those countries, are taken into account.

Structures covered unconditionally by this specification include:


• Shaft winding structures, e.g. headgears, collars and winder houses.
• Shaft system structures, e.g. shaft and station structures but excluding shaft guide
and bunton steelwork.
• Industrial structures and buildings, e.g. plant structures, stores and workshops.
• Material handling structures, e.g. conveyor structures and crane gantries.
• Material containing structures, e.g. silos, bunkers and bins.
• Non-pressurised liquid containing structures, e.g. tanks.
• Dynamically loaded structures, e.g. screen and crusher support structures.
• Chimneys, stacks and towers.

Structures covered conditionally (1) by this specification include:


• Offshore structures and structures floating on inland ponds.
• Mobile equipment, e.g. stackers, reclaimers, draglines, crushers and cranes.
• Road and rail bridges.

(1) The use of this specification, together with appropriate qualifications, variations and
additions, or supplementary rules, shall be specified on the relevant design drawings, or in
the project specification, or in another AA specification.

Structures not covered by this specification include:


• Shaft guide and bunton steelwork - refer to AA Specification 114009.
• Shaft conveyances, e.g. skips and cages - refer to AA Specification 282004.

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 2 of 9

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Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS TO BE SPECIFIED BY THE EMPLOYER


The following requirements shall be specified in all tenders, contracts or orders for the
construction of structural steelwork:
• Title, reference number and issue number of this specification.
• Title, drawing number and revision number of the relevant design drawings.
• Protective treatment requirements (see AA Specification 164000 for guidelines).

3 DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this specification the following definitions shall apply:

APPROVED : Approved by the Engineer in writing

BS : British Standard

BS EN : British Standard European Norm

DESIGN : Fully dimensioned drawings prepared by the Engineer, showing


DRAWINGS all members with their size, material grade, special connections,
combination of forces to be developed in member connections,
any cambers and eccentricities, and any other information
required by the Steelwork Contractor for the design of the
connections and completion of the Fabrication Drawings

EMPLOYER : As defined in SANS 1921 Part 3

ENGINEER : The company responsible for the structural design, for


preparation of the Design Drawings (or approval of Design
Drawings prepared by others), for accepting the Fabrication
Drawings and the erection method statement and, where
applicable, inspection of construction for conformity with this
specification

FABRICATION : As defined in SANS 2001 CS1


DRAWINGS

SAISC : Southern African Institute of Steel Construction

SANS : South African National Standard

STEELWORK : As defined in SANS 1921 Part 3


CONTRACTOR

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 3 of 9

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Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

4 REQUIREMENTS
4.1 APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS
The construction of structural steelwork shall comply with the provisions of the latest
editions of SANS 1921 Part 3 and SANS 2001 Part CS1.

4.2 VARIATIONS AND ADDITIONS TO APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS


The variations and additions to SANS 1921 Part 3 and SANS 2001 Part CS1, detailed in
Clauses 4.3 to 4.15 below, shall apply. The clause numbers referenced below are those
used in SANS 1921 Part 3 or SANS 2001 Part CS1, as indicated.

4.3 MATERIALS (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.1)


• All materials shall be new and as specified on the relevant design drawings
• Crane rails shall be in accordance with BS 11.
• Steel castings shall be in accordance with BS EN 10293.
• Steel forgings shall be in accordance with BS EN 10250 Part 3.

4.4 TEST CERTIFICATES (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.1.2)


Chemical composition and mechanical properties certification of all materials shall be
submitted to the engineer.

4.5 SUBSTITUTION OF STEEL QUALITY AND SHAPE (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.1.6)
Additional costs of obtaining approval, and of approved substitutions, shall be borne by
the steelwork contractor.

4.6 FABRICATION DRAWINGS (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.2.4)


4.6.1 General

The steelwork contractor shall prepare all fabrication drawings, including all connection
design details and shop details. The engineer shall prepare sufficiently comprehensive
information, including the necessary design drawings and supporting design information,
to permit the preparation of fabrication drawings. Such information shall be provided to the
steelwork contractor in accordance with a mutually agreed programme.

Fabrication drawings shall be complete in every respect, including fully described welding
joint details and fully detailed connections, including shop splice details.

The steelwork contractor shall submit all fabrication drawings to the engineer for review
and acceptance prior to fabrication. The engineer shall return such drawings with any
comments to the steelwork contractor in accordance with a mutually agreed programme.

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 4 of 9

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Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

4.6.2 Construction details

When preparing the fabrication drawings the steelwork contractor shall observe the
following requirements:

4.6.2.1 Connection design: The steelwork contractor is responsible for the design of all
connections not shown on the design drawings. Connection design shall comply with the
relevant requirements of the latest edition of the following documents:
• SANS 10162 Part 1.
• SAISC Southern African Steel Construction Handbook - Limit States Design.
• SAISC Structural Steelwork Connections - Limit States Design.
• AA Specification 114001.

The engineer is responsible for ensuring that all connections are adequate, whether the
connections are designed by the engineer or by the steelwork contractor.

Connection design calculations shall be submitted to the engineer for review and
acceptance, together with the fabrication drawings.

A minimum of two bolts shall be used in any connection.

4.6.2.2 Ordinary bolts: Unless otherwise specified on the design drawings or otherwise required
in terms of this specification (see Clause 4.6.2.3 and 4.6.2.4), ordinary bolts of the
following property class and minimum diameter shall be used in all bolted connections:
• Main structural connections (beams, plate girders, lattice girders, trusses, rafters,
columns, posts, hangers, bracing systems, etc.):

M20 Class 8.8 bolts with Class 8 nuts, all to SANS 1700.
• Secondary structural connections (purlins, girts, sag bars, handrail standards, stair
treads, ladders, etc.):

M16 Class 4.8 bolts with Class 4 nuts, all to SANS 1700.

4.6.2.3 High strength friction grip bolts (HSFG bolts): Class 8.8S HSFG bolts to SANS 1282
shall be provided in all connections requiring such bolts, as specified in Clause 22.2.2 of
SANS 10162 Part 1, or where specified on the design drawings.

4.6.2.4 Special bolts: Special bolts (eg swage lock bolts, fitted bolts, high strength bolts with lock
nuts or patented self-locking nuts) shall be provided where specified on the design
drawings.

4.6.2.5 Welding: The minimum welding specified for welded connections shall be 5 mm
continuous fillet welding.

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 5 of 9

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Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

4.6.2.6 Beam end connections: For simply supported beams, i.e. beams which are designed to
have vertical shear reactions only and which are not subject to fixing moments or axial
forces, end connections shall be in accordance with the standard beam end connections
specified in SAISC Southern African Steel Construction Handbook - Limit States Design.
In addition, the provisions of Clause 4.6.2.2 shall apply.

4.6.2.7 Gusset plates and splice plates: The thickness of gusset plates and splice plates shall
not be less than the greater of 10 mm or the thickness of the connected components.

4.6.2.8 Open grid grating, stair treads and kick plates: Unless otherwise specified on the
design drawings, open grid grating, stair treads and kick plates shall be in accordance
with AA Specification 114005.

4.6.2.9 Metal flooring, stairways, ladders, platforms and hand railing: These items shall be
as specified on the design drawings and shall comply with the requirements of SAISC
Southern African Steel Construction Handbook - Limit States Design.

4.6.2.10 Crane rail joints: Rail joints shall be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail.

4.7 IDENTIFICATION (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.3.1)


All steel elements shall be marked so as to be traceable to a specific cast or heat of steel.

4.8 HOLING (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.3.6)


Fastener holes shall not be formed by flame cutting processes.

4.9 ASSEMBLY (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.3.7)


Where trial assemblies are specified on the design drawings, they shall be effected at the
steelwork contractor's works prior to steelwork delivery to site.

4.10 WELDING PROCESSES (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.4.2)


Welding electrodes shall conform to the E70XX series of AWS A5.I. Unless otherwise
specified on the design drawings, fabrication drawings or erection drawings, all groove
welds shall attain 100 % penetration and fusion.

4.11 WELDING PROCEDURES (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 4.4.3)


Welding procedures shall be prepared in accordance with AWS D1.1 and shall be
submitted to the engineer for review.

4.12 WELDER QUALIFICATION (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 5.2)


Welder qualification certification shall be submitted to the engineer.

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 6 of 9

For information or comments on this document please contact ATD QA Contact

Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

4.13 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF WELDS (SANS 2001 PART CS1 CLAUSE 5.3)
In addition to the visual inspection of all welds in accordance with AWS D1.1, all shop and
site welds shall be subjected to the following minimum non-destructive testing:

Fillet welds : 10 % of the total length of fillet welds shall be tested by magnetic
particle testing in accordance with AWS D1.1.

Groove : 10 % of the total length of groove welds shall be tested by


welds radiographic or ultrasonic testing in accordance with AWS D1.1.

Where test results comply with the requirements of AWS D1.1, welding shall be deemed
satisfactory. Where results do not comply with the requirements, the steelwork contractor
shall, at his own expense, extend the tests to twice the amount specified above.

Where the results of extended tests do not comply with the requirements of AWS D1.1,
the steelwork contractor shall, at his own expense, extend the tests to cover all welds.

4.14 WELD REPAIRS


Defective welds shall be replaced or repaired in accordance with AWS D1.1. Weld repairs
shall not be initiated without the prior approval of the engineer. Repaired or replaced
welds shall be re-tested at the steelwork contractor's expense.

4.15 CORROSION PROTECTION


Corrosion protection shall comply with the requirements of SANS ISO 12944 Part 1 to 8,
AA Specification 164000 and AA Specification 164050.

Hot dip galvanizing shall comply with the requirements of SANS 121 and SANS
14713.
5 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS
The provisions of AA QAP 100 and SANS 1921 Part 3 shall apply. In case of conflict
between these documents, the most stringent requirements shall apply.

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 7 of 9

For information or comments on this document please contact ATD QA Contact

Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

APPENDIX A: RELATED DOCUMENTS

The latest editions of the following documents are deemed to form part of this specification:

SANS 121 : Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel
articles - Specifications and test methods

SANS 1431 : Weldable structural steels

SANS 1921 : Construction and management requirements for works


contracts - Part 3: Structural steelwork

SANS 2001 : Construction works - Part CS1: Structural steelwork

SANS 10162 : The structural use of steel - Part 1: Limit-states design of hot-
rolled steelwork

SANS ISO 12944 : Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures
by protective paint systems

SANS 14713 : Protection against corrosion of iron and steel in structures.


Zinc and aluminium coatings. Guidelines

AA Specification 114001 : Design of steel structures

AA Specification 114005 : Open grid grating, stair treads and kick plates

AA Specification 164000 : Users guide for corrosion protection: System selection

AA Specification 164050 : Corrosion protection of steelwork with coatings

AA QAP 100 : Quality requirements for critical and major products

AWS A5.1 : American National Standards: Specification for carbon steel


electrodes for shielded metal arc welding

AWS D1.1 : American National Standards: Structural welding code - steel

BS 11 : Specification for railway rails

BS EN 10293 : Steel castings for general engineering uses

BS EN 10250 : Open steel die forgings for general engineering purposes


Part 3: Alloy special steels
SAISC Southern African Steel Construction Handbook - Limit States Design

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 8 of 9

For information or comments on this document please contact ATD QA Contact

Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
AA SPECIFICATION 114002

CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL ISSUE 15


STEELWORK
COPYRIGHT

SAISC Structural Steelwork Connections - Limit States Design

SAISC Southern African Structural Steelwork Detailing Manual


Mine Health and Safety Act (Act No. 29 of 1996)
Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act No. 85 of 1993) and Construction Regulations (2003)

APPENDIX B: RECORD OF AMENDMENTS

Issue 15 : Based upon AAC Specification 114002 (Issue 15)

AA_SPEC_11400215.DOC Approved 12 February 2007 Page 9 of 9

For information or comments on this document please contact ATD QA Contact

Anglo Technical Division accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever that may result from the use of this material or
the information contained therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.

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