ANSYS 14.

0 Problem
Problem 01:

A prismatic bar with built-in ends is loaded axially at two intermediate cross-sections by forces F1 and
F2. Determine the reaction forces R1 and R2.

Nodes are defined where loads are to be applied. A unit cross-sectional area is arbitrarily chosen.

Result
Problem 02:

This is a simple, single load step, structural static analysis of the bracket shown below. Apply
loads to the 3-D brackets model shown below and solve using the SPARSE ITERATIVE SOLVER.
Young’s Modulus has been set to 30e6 psi and poission ratio is 0.3. The upper left-hand pin hole
& lower left-hand pin hole is constrained (welded) around its entire circumference. Since the
bracket is thin in the z direction (0.4 inch thickness) compared to its x and y dimensions
Problem 03:

Determine the critical buckling load of an axially loaded long slender bar of length l with
hinged ends. The bar has a cross-sectional height h, and area A. Only the upper half of the
bar is modeled because of symmetry. The boundary conditions become free-fixed for the
half-symmetry model. The moment of inertia of the bar is calculated as I = Ah 2/12 =
0.0052083 in4.

Material Properties Geometric Properties Loading

6
E = 30 x 10 psi ι = 200 in F = 1 lb
A = 0.25 in2
h = 0.5 in
Result ANSYS

Fcr, lb 38.553

1. Fcr = Load Factor (1st mode).

Problem 4: Problem Description

This is a modal analysis of a wing of a model plane. The wing is of uniform configuration
along its length, and its cross-sectional area is defined to be a straight line and a spline, as
shown. It is held fixed to the body on one end and hangs freely at the other. The objective
of the problem is to demonstrate the wing's modal degrees of freedom.

The dimensions of the wing are shown in the problem sketch. The wing is made of low
density polyethylene with the following values:

Young's modulus = 38e3 psi; Density = 8.3e-5 lb-sec2/in4

Poisson's ratio = .3

Problem Sketch

Diagram of a Model Airplane Wing

SET TIME/FREQ LOAD STEP SUBSTEP CUMULATIVE

1 12.988 1 1 1

2 61.034 1 2 2

3 82.168 1 3 3

4 127.65 1 4 4

5 236.20 1 5 5
Problem 5:

A bar of length l and weight per unit length γA is pinned at its ends and subjected to an
axial compressive force F. Determine the stress σ and the axial displacement δ of the bar
under these conditions. Determine the first three natural frequencies f i of lateral vibration of
the bar.

Axially-Loaded Bar Problem Sketch

Material Properties Geometric Properties Loading

6
E = 30 x 10 psi b = h = 2 in F = 40,000 lb
γ = 0.281 lb/in3 l = 80 in
ρ = γ / g = 0.000727973 lb-sec2/in4 A = 4 in2
I = bh3/12 = (4/3) in4

Results: ANSYS
Static Deflection, in -0.026667
Stress , psi -10,000
Modal F = 40,000 lb
f1 , Hz 17.052
f2 , Hz 105.22
f3 , Hz 248.87
Problem6:

Determine the response amplitude (Xi) and phase angle (Φi) for each mass (mi) of the
system shown below when excited by a harmonic force (F1sin Ωt) acting on mass m1.

Material properties for this problem are:

m1 = m2 = 0.5 lb-sec2/in k1 = k2 = kc = 200 lb/in

Loading for this problem is:

F1 = 200 lb

The spring lengths are arbitrarily selected and are used only to define the spring direction.
Two master degrees of freedom are selected at the masses in the spring direction. A
frequency range from zero to 7.5 Hz with a solution at 7.5/30 = 0.25 Hz intervals is chosen
to give an adequate response curve. POST26 is used to get amplitude versus frequency
display.

Two-Mass-Spring-System
Problem 07:

A steel beam of length l and geometric properties shown below is supporting a concentrated
mass, m. The beam is subjected to a dynamic load F(t) with a rise time t r and a maximum
value F1. If the weight of the beam is considered negligible, determine the time of maximum
displacement response tmax and the maximum displacement response ymax. Additionally,
determine the maximum bending stress σbend in the beam.

Material Properties Geometric Properties Loading

3 4
E = 30 x 10 ksi I = 800.6 in F1 = 20 kips
poission ratio = 0.3 b = 18 in; h = 1.647 in tr = 0.075 sec
m = 0.0259067 kips-sec2/in l = 20 ft = 240 in

The beam area is not used in this solution and is arbitrarily input as unity. The final time of
0.1 sec allows the mass to reach its largest deflection. One master degree of freedom
(MDOF) is selected at the mass in the lateral direction. A static solution is done at the first
load step. The integration time step (0.004 sec) is based on 1/25 of the period to allow
the abrupt change in acceleration to be followed reasonably well and to produce sufficient
printout for the theoretical comparison. Symmetry could have been used in the model. The
time of maximum response (0.092 sec) is selected for the expansion pass calculation.

Note: TRANSVERSE SHEAR STIFFNESS TXY = 2 e15

Results ANSYS

Transient tmax , sec 0.092

ymax , in 0.335
Expansion Pass Stressbend , ksi -18.9
Problem 08:

A mass m supported on a thin rod of area A and length L is subjected to the action of a
suddenly applied constant force F1. The stress-strain curve for the rod material is shown
below. Determine the maximum deflection ymax and minimum deflection ymin of the mass,
neglecting the mass of the rod.

Plastic Response Problem Sketch

The initial integration time step (0.004/10 = 0.0004 sec) is chosen small enough to allow
the initial step change in acceleration to be followed reasonably well. The final integration
time step ((0.14-.004)/68 = 0.002 sec) is based on 1/60 of the period to produce
sufficient printout for the theoretical comparison. The final time of 0.14 sec allows slightly
more than 1 cycle of vibration to be followed. POST26 is used to extract results from the
solution phase.

Result ANSYS
ymax, in 0.804
Time, sec 0.0680
ymin, in 0.438
Time, sec 0.122

1. ANSYS printout does not occur at theoretical time point given. Comparison (ratio) is
therefore made with closest ANSYS time and theoretical time point given.
2. Based on graphical values.
Problem 09:

Find the stresses in the copper and steel wire structure shown below. The wires have a
cross-sectional area of A. The structure is subjected to a load Q and a temperature rise
of ΔT after assembly.

Material Properties Loading Geometric Properties

Ec = 16 x 106 psi Q = 4000 lb A = 0.1 in2

αc = 92 x 10-7 in/in-°F ΔT = 10°F

Es = 30 x 106 psi

αs = 70 x 10-7 in/in-°F

Support Structure Problem Sketch

Length of wires (20 in.), spacing between wires (10 in.), and the reference temperature
(70°F) are arbitrarily selected. The rigid lower beam is modeled by nodal coupling.
 Problem 10:

A furnace wall consists of two layers, firebrick and insulating brick. The temperature
inside the furnace is Tf and the inner surface convection coefficient is h i. The ambient
temperature is Ta and the outer surface convection coefficient is h o. Neglect the thermal
resistance of the mortar joints and determine the rate of heat loss through the wall q,
the inner surface temperature Ti, and the outer surface temperature To.

Insulated Wall Temperature Problem Sketch

A 1 ft2 area is used for the convection and conduction elements. Nodes 1 and 5 are
given arbitrary locations. Feet units are input as (inches/12) for convenience. POST1 is
used to extract results from the solution phase.

Results ANSYS
q, Btu/hr 513.
Ti , °F (2) 2957.
To , °F (4) 337.
 Problem 11:

A well-mixed fluid is heated by a long iron plate of conductivity k and thickness t. Heat is

generated uniformly in the plate at the rate . If the surface convection coefficient is h
and the fluid temperature is Tf, determine the temperature at the center of the plate T c
and the heat flow rate to the fluid qf.

Plate Problem Sketch

3.

A 1 ft2 area is used for the conduction and convection elements. Only one half of the
plate is modeled because of symmetry. Node 6 is given an arbitrary location. POST1 is
used to process results from the solution phase.

Results ANSYS
qf,Btu/hr 2083.3
Tc, °F 300.0