CERTC-EE Review Guide Series Review Guide Series ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DC Generator 1 & 2

22. A 150-kW 250-volt compound 29. In a dc generator, the flux is seen to be sine of an angle between pairs of
generator is connected long-shunt. If the _______ at the trailing pole tips and quantities.
DC GENERATOR:
shunt field resistance is 20 ohms, what is _______ at the leading pole tips. TYPES of ARMATURE WINDINGS:
the series-field current at full load? A. weakened, weakened A dc generator is an electrical machine
A. 600 amp C. 612.5 amp B. same, same that converts mechanical energy to I. LAP WINDING:
B. 12.5 amp D. 587.5 amp C. crowded, weakened electrical energy.
D. weakened, crowded yb
23. The output of a shunt generator is 24 yc = m
yf
kW at a terminal voltage of 200 V. Armature 30. Which of the following losses occur due Average EMF Induced in a Coil:
resistance is 0.05 Ω and shunt field to the rapidly changing magnetic fields in
resistance is 40 Ω. If the iron and friction the armature, resulting in heat? yb = yf m
In SI: Φ
losses equal to the copper losses at this A. Eddy Current losses
load, find the BHP of the driving engine. B. I2R losses t
C. Stray losses
A. 32.8 hp C. 38.8 hp
D. Hysteresis losses E - Average EMF induced in a coil in volts
B. 36.9 hp D. 42.2 hp yc
N - the number of turns in the coil
31. Eddy current losses in dc machines
24. Maximum efficiency in a rotating
varies  - flux in Webers
machine is attained upon which condition? t –timein seconds
A. Eddy current loss equals hysteresis loss.
A. directly with the lamination thickness Figu
B. directly with the square of the lamination yb– back pitch (an odd number)
B. Core losses equals iron losses
C. Constant losses equals variable losses
thickness In CGS:
Φ -8 re (an odd number)
yf – front pitch
C. inversely with the lamination thickness 10
D. Rotational losses equal friction losses
D. inversely with the square of the t + progressive type of winding
25. How does armature reaction affect the lamination thickness - retrogressive type of winding
core loss of a dynamo? E - Average EMF induced in a coil in volts
32. In a generator, the ratio of the prime II. WAVE WINDING:
A. It increases core loss N - the number of turns in the coil
mover power output to the power developed
B. It decreases core loss  - flux in Maxwells or Lines
in the armature gives __________
C. It stabilizes the core loss t –timein seconds yb yf
Cm
efficiency. yc =
D. It has no effect on core losses
A. mechanical B. electrical P
26. Why is the armature of a d-c generator C. commercial D. overall Induced EMF in a Conductor:
laminated?
2
33. A low-resistance copper wire that joins In SI:
A. To insulate the armature
together the identical ends of the series
B. To minimize eddy currents
C. To enhance air cooling
fields in the parallel operation of two v yc
compound generators so as to enhance
D. To ease up the assembly process
stability is called ______________.
27. Interpole windings in a dc generator are A. Tirrill regulator C. equalizer β - Flux density inWebers/sq.m = Tesla Figu
Z re2
connected in series with the __________. B. interpole D. amortisseur  - length of the conductor in meters
A. starting resistor v -velocityin meters/sec y= yb  yf
34. Which type of generator has one of its y=
B. field poles P 2
field coils connected in series with the load?
C. load
A. Shunt generator In CGS:
D. the armature winding y– average pitch
B. Series Generator
28. The degree of compounding of a C. Long-shunt generator Z – the number of elements or coil sides
compound generator can be controlled by
 10 -8
P – number of poles
D. Short shunt generator
a/an_______. C – number of commutator segments
A. equalizer β - Flux density in Linews/sq.cm = Gauss + progressive type of winding
B. extra pair of brush  - length of the conductor in centimeters - retrogressive type of winding
C. diverter resistor v -velocityin centimeters/sec
D. starting resistor
Note: Parallel Paths:
β,  , v must be mutually perpendicular; if Type of Winding a’
not, the equation must be multiplied by the Lap Winding P

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 CERTC-EE Review Guide Series Review Guide Series ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DC Generator 1 & 2

Pa– power developed in the armature in 13. For a six-pole generator, how many rated 2 kW at 115 volts. Neglecting the
Wave Winding 2 m watts mechanical degrees is the equivalent of effect of armature reaction, what power
V – output (terminal/load) in volts 200 electrical degrees? could be delivered to the load?
DC-GENERATOR VOLTAGE E– generatedemf in the armature in volts A. 33.33 C. 50 A. 1840 W C. 1310 W
EQUATION BETWEEN BRUSHES: IL – load current in amperes B. 160 D. 1.8 B. 1670 W D. 1925 W
If – field current in amperes
In SI: Ia – armature current in amperes 14. Two shunt generators A and B, with 18. The armature of a 6-pole separately
P Φ ZS RL– load resistance ratings of 100 kW and 150 kW, excited dc generator is lap wound with
E= Rf– shunt field resistance respectively, and having identical 534 conductors. This machine delivers
60  (a' )
Ra – armature resistance straight-line external voltage vs. percent power to the load at 250 volts while being
kW output characteristics, are connected driven at 1000 rpm. At this load, the
E – generatedemf in the armature in volts in parallel. If the no-load and full-load armature circuit dissipates 640 W. If the
EXTERNAL CHARACTERISTIC OF A voltages are respectively 255 V and 230 flux per pole of this generator is 30 mWb,
P –the number of poles SHUNT GENERATOR:
 –the flux per pole in Webers V, calculate the total load when the determine the kilowatt rating of the load
Z – the number of armature conductors terminal emf is 235 V. served. Assume a total brush contact
S – the speed in RPM A. 215 kW C. 200 kW drop of 2 volts.
a’ – number of armature parallel paths VNL B. 255 kW D. 245 kW A. 17.52 kW C. 10.67 kW
B. 13.56 kW D. 18.47 kW
Load Voltage
VFL 15. A 15-kW 230-volt shunt generator
In CGS: was run light as a motor to determine its 19. A compound dynamo supplies a load
P  Φ  Z  S -8
E= 10 stray power losses at rated load. The of 20 kW at 400 V through a feeder
60  (a' ) applied voltage across the armature, whose equivalent resistance is 0.1 ohm.
Rated
computed for test was 254 volts and the The shunt and series field resistances
Load Current armature current drawn is 2 amp. The are 85 ohms and 0.06 ohm respectively.
 –the flux per pole in Maxwellsor Lines armature and shunt field resistances are Determine the generated emf when the
0.25 and 100 ohms respectively. dynamo is connected short-shunt.
After the machine has been assembled, a’,
P, Z could be taken as a constant, thus
Figu Calculate the generator efficiency at half Assume a brush contact drop of 1 V per
A shunt generator is considered as
having a fairlyre
load. Assume stray power losses to be brush and an armature resistance of 0.1
constant output voltage. constant. ohm.
A. 81.43 % C. 89.33 % A. 416.23 V C. 411.42 V
S SERIES GENERATOR: B. 87.13 % D. 84.83 % B. 415.48 V D. 412.42 V
16. Two shunt generators A and B with 20. A short-shunt generator has a shunt-
TYPES of DC GENERATORS: Po IL ratings of 250 kW and 400 kW field resistance of 77 Ω, a series field
respectively, and having straight line resistance of 0.008 Ω, interpole-winding
1. Separately-Excited DC Generator:
external characteristic curves are resistance of 0.005 Ω, and an ar ature
2. Self-Excited DC Generator: Pa Ia E = V + Ia(Ra + Rs) connected in parallel. If the no load resistance, including brushes, of 0.02 Ω.
SHUNT GENERATOR: voltage is 260 volts and the full load When the armature current is 128 A, the
voltage is 240 volts for the two generated emf is 234.2 V. How much
Ia = I L generators, what is the kilowatt share of power is delivered to the load?
Po IL Pa Ia each machine when the terminal voltage A. 25.85 kW C. 28.75 kW
is 245 volts? B. 32.25 kW D. 32.75 kW
Pa = Po+ Losses A. 187.5 kW & 300 kW
Pa = Po+ Losses Ia = IL + If 21. A four-pole de generator runs at 750
B. 150 kW & 347 kW
rpm and generates an emf of 240 volts.
C. 168 kW & 352 kW
The armature is wave wound and has
D. 191 kW & 308 kW
E = V + IaRa 792 conductors. If the total flux from each
V Rs – series field resistance 17. A dc generator has a no-load output pole is 0.0145 Wb, what is the leakage
If =
Rf voltage of 120 volts. Its armature circuit coefficient?
resistance is 0.95 ohm and its field coils A. 2.1 C. 1.8
Po– power output in watts are separately energized. The load is B. 1.2 D. 0.4

2 11
 CERTC-EE Review Guide Series Review Guide Series ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DC Generator 1 & 2

3. A 4-pole wave-wound shunt A. 96.52 % C. 97.65 % EXTERNAL CHARACTERISTIC OF A EXTERNAL CHARACTERISTICS

generator supplies a load of five motors B. 97.30 % D. 95.15 % SERIES GENERATOR: COMPOUND GENERATORS:
each taking 40 A and a lighting load of 8. The following information is given for a cumulative
one hundred 100-W lamps at 220 V.
300-kW 600-volt long-shunt flat-

Load Voltage
over compound

Load Voltage
Shunt field resistance is 88 ohms and
compounded generator: shunt-field VNL
armature resistance is 0.05 ohm. The flat compound
resistance = 75 ohms; armature
output of the prime mover is 62.89 kW. under compound
resistance including brushes = 0.03 ohm; differential
Calculate the overall efficiency of the
commutating field winding resistance =
generator. Rated
0.011 ohm; series-field resistance =
A. 85.88 % C. 84.4 % 0.012 ohm; diverter resistance = 0.036 Load Current Load current
B. 81.78 % D. 88.16 % ohm. When the machine is delivering
4. A 115-V constant-potential d-c rated load, calculate the voltage
Figu Figu
generator delivers power to three loads generated by the armature.  = f ± s
connected in parallel. Load A is a resistor A. 245.82 volts C. 625.4 volts
A series generator could either be used
re
as a voltage booster or a constant +
re
cumulatively compounded
of 5.75 Ω, load B consists of 21 60-W B. 760.0 volts D. 257.75 volts
current generator. -differentially compounded
lamps, and load C is a storage battery on
9. A 110-volt d-c generator delivers 50
charge whose open-circuit emf and
kW at rated load. If the driving engine LONG SHUNT COMPOUND Parallel Operation of DC Generators:
internal resistance are 104.5 V and 0.35
develops 104.2 bhp at this condition, GENERATOR:
Ω respectively. Calculate the power of
determine the efficiency of the generator. Reasons:
the generator. A. 64.3 % C. 86.2 % Po IL Pa Ia 1. Continuity of Service
A. 7,010 W C. 7,100 W
B. 75.2 % D. 67.5 % 2. Efficiency
B. 7,557 W D. 7,750 W
10. A shunt generator has an external 3. Maintenance and Repair
5. Two shunt generators A and B, with 4. Additions to Plants
characteristic whose terminal voltage is Ia = IL + If E = V + Ia(Rs+ Ra)
ratings of 100 kW and 150 kW,
given by the equation Vt=(250 – 0.4I),
respectively, and having identical Conditions:
where I is the load current. What power
straight-line external voltage vs. percent
will be supplied by the machine to a load Pa = Po+ Losses 1. Same External Characteristic
kW output characteristics, are connected
resistor of 5.85 Ω? 2. Same Polarity
in parallel. If the no-load and full-load
A. 9,306 W C. 9,360 W 3. Same Voltage
voltages are respectively 255 V and 230
B. 9,036 W D. 9,630 W
V, calculate the terminal voltage when V IL = IA + IB
the total load is 280 kW. 11. The armature of a four-pole shunt If = PA = VBUSIA
generator is lap wound and generates Rf
A.Vt = 221 V C. Vt = 227 V
B. Vt = 207 V D. Vt = 217 V 216 volts when running at 600 rpm. The
armature has 144 slots with six PB = VBUSIB PL = VBUSIL
6. A shunt generator has an external SHORT-SHUNT COMPOUND
conductors per slot. If this armature is GENERATOR:
characteristic whose terminal voltage is
rewound wave connected, find the emf
given by the equation Vt=(250 – 0.4I), generated at the same speed and flux PL = PA + PB
where I is the load current. What current
per pole.
Po IL Ia = IL + If
will be supplied by the machine to a load
A. 432 V C. 482 V
resistor of 5.85 Ω?
B. 412 V D. 421 V Pa Ia
A. 34 A C. 48 A E = V+ ILRs + IaRa
B. 40 A D. 27 A 12. When a dc generator is being driven
at 1200 RPM, the generated emf is 125 VBUS– Bus Voltage
7. The armature of a separately-excited
V. What will be the generated emf if the IL– Load Current
shunt generator has 0.05 ohm effective V  IL  RS
resistance and a brush resistance of 0.02 field flux is decreased by 10% with the Pa = Po+ Losses If = IA– Current delivered by GenA
speed remaining unchanged? Rf IB– Current delivered by GenB
ohm. If this generator delivers a current
A. 98.6 V C. 112.5 V PA – Power delivered by GenA
of 40 amp at 100 volts to its load, what is
B. 142.5 V D. 172.5 V PB – Power delivered by GenB
its efficiency? PL – Power delivered to the load.

10 3
 CERTC-EE
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
Example 1. A single conductor having a
length of 1meter cuts a uniform magnetic
field of 30,000 gauss at a velocity of
30m/sec. Determine the voltage induced
in the conductor.
Example 2. A flux of 7.5x106 lines is
linked by a coil of one turn. The given flux
collapses to zero in 0.25 seconds.
Calculate the voltage generated in the
loop.
Example 3.Determine the number of
parallel current paths of a 12-pole
machine if the armature is (a) simplex
lap-wound, (b) duplex wave-wound, (c)
triplex lap-wound, (d) duadruplex wave-
wound?
Example 4. A dc machine has 6 poles
and a rated current of 100 A. Calculate
the current in each path at rated
condition if the armature is (a) simplex
lap-wound, (b) duplex lap-wound, (c)
simplex wave-wound?
Example 5. Determine the number of
electrical degrees of a 6-pole dc
machine.
Example 6.A full-pitch is equivalent to
______ electrical degrees.
Example 7._________ is referred to as
the distance between two sides of a coil
and is measured in terms of armature
slots.
Example 8.When the coil sides have a
distance of less than a pole-pitch, the
winding is referred to as
_________________.
Example 9._________ is referred to as
the distance between commutator
segments to which the coil ends are
connected.
Example 10.The generated emf in the
armature of a dc generator is
__________.
4 9
Review Guide Series
Example 11.The _________ rectifies the
alternating current generated in the
armature of a dc generator
and facilitates the collection of armature
current through pairs of armature
brushes.
Example 12. A 4-pole dc machine
generates a no-load voltage of 220-volts
when driven at 1,500-RPM. The armature
has 40 slots and 2 parallel paths. If the
flux per pole is 1.833x106maxwells,
determine the number of conductors in
each slot.
Example 13. A 2-pole dc generator
containing 40 conductors in its armature
arranged in two parallel paths is driven at
30-RPM. The flux per pole is 6.5x108
lines. The resistance of its conductor is
0.01-Ω and the current carrying capacity
of each conductor is 5-amps. At this
condition, determine the terminal voltage
across the armature.
Example 14. A 4-pole dc generator
having 4 parallel paths and a flux per
pole of 10x106 lines is driven at 1500-
RPM. If the generator has 1 turn/coil,
calculate the total number of series-
connected conductors required to
produce a voltage of 120-volts across its
armature.
Example 15. A 12-pole dc generator is
wound triplex-lap and has 80 coils of 9
turns per coil. When driven at 3600-RPM,
the armature generated voltage is 120-
volts. Calculate the required flux per pole
to produce the rated generated emf.
Example 16.A four-pole generator has
360 conductors and each generates a
voltage of 3-volts and is capable of
carrying 30 amp of current. Neglecting
the internal armature voltage drop,
determine the total generated emf and
the maximum kW output of the generator
if the armature were a) wave-connected
b) lap-connected.
Example 17.This is a type of dc
generator that gets its excitation from its
own armature.
Review Guide Series
Example 6. A self-excited dc generator
fails to build up its voltage for the
following reasons: (a)_____, (b) ______,
(c) _______.
Example 7. The voltage regulation of an
ideal dc generator is _____________.
Example 8. What is the standard
direction of rotation of a dc generator?
Example 9. A 20-kW short-shunt
compound generator has a full-load
terminal voltage of 250-volts. The
armature resistance Ra=0.1-Ω, series
field resistance Rs=0.05-Ω and shunt
field resistance Rf=115-Ω. Determine the
generated emf when the machine is
operated on full-load.
Example 10. A short-shunt compound
generator has a full-load current of 50
amps. If the series filed resistance
Rs=0.05-Ω and a diverter carries a
current of 24-amps, determine the
diverter resistance Rd.
Example 11. A 150-kw, 250-volts long-
shunt compound generator has an
armature resistance, shunt field
resistance, and series field resistance of
0.25-Ω, 125-Ω, and 0.01-Ω. The diverter
carries a current of 54-amperes.
Calculate the (a) diverter resistance (b)
full-load generated voltage.
Example 12. A long-shunt compound
generator has a shunt field winding of
1200 turns per pole, and a series field
winding of 5 turns per pole and a series
field resistance of 0.06-Ω. In order to
have the same rated voltage at full-load
as at no-load, when the machine is
operated as a shunt generator, there is a
need to increase the field current by 0.2
amp. If the full-load armature current of
the machine operated as
compoundgenerator is 80 amps,
calculate the resistance of the diverter
required for flat-compound operation.
Example 13. The total iron loss in a
certain dc generator was found out to be
10 kW at an armature speed of 1000 rpm
for a constant field current. When the
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DC Generator 1 & 2
speed was reduced to 750 rpm, at the
same field current, the total iron loss
went down to 6 kW. Calculate the
hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, and
the total iron loss at a speed of 500 rpm,
assuming that the hysteresis loss is
directly proportional to the speed and the
eddy current loss is proportional to the
square of the speed.
Example 14. Two shunt generators A
and B are to be operated in parallel to
supply a common load. Generator A has
a no-load voltage of 240 and a voltage of
220 when it delivers a load of 60 A.
Generator B has a no-load voltage of 230
and a voltage of 220 when it delivers the
same current as A. Assuming straight-
line characteristics for both machines,
calculate: a) the line voltage and total
load in kilowatts when generator B is
“floating”; b) the total load delivered by
both machines when the line voltage is
225 V.
Example 15. Two shunt generators
running in parallel supply a load current
of 5000 amperes.
Each machine has an armature
resistance of 0.03 ohm and a field
resistance of 60 ohms. If the generated
emf of the first machine is 600-volts and
the second one is 640-votls, calculate the
power each machine supply. (Ans:
Problems to Solve:
1. A 150-kW 250-V compound generator
is connected long-shunt. If the shunt field
resistance is 20 ohms, what is the series
field current at full load?
A. 175.8 amp C. 612.5 amp
B. 50.44 amp D. 856.12 amp
2. The no-load voltage in a laboratory is
232 volts and rated load voltage is 220
a volts. The armature resistance including
brushes is 0.026 ohm and the resistance
of the shunt field is 52 ohms. What is the
induced electromagnetic force at rated
load?
A. 212 V C. 255 V
B. 226 V D. 230 V
 CERTC-EE
A. 250 V C. 270 V
B. 225 V D. 288 V
34. A 6-pole generator has a lap-wound
armature with 40 slots with 20
conductors per slot. The flux per
pole is 25 mWb. Calculate the speed
at which the machine must be driven
to generate an e.m.f. of 300 V.
A. 750 rpm C. 15 rpm
B. 1200 rpm D. 900 rpm
35. A short-shunt compound generator
supplies 50 A at 300 V. If the field
resistance is 30 Ω, the series
resistance 0.03 Ω and the ar ature
resistance 0.05 Ω, deter ine the
e.m.f. generated. [304.5 volts]
A. 308.5V C. 325 V
B. 300 VD. 304.5 V
36. For a six-pole generator, how many
mechanical degrees is the
equivalent of 210 electrical degrees?
A. 35 C. 70
B. 10.28 D. 3.5
37. A shunt generator supplies a 50 kW
load at 400 V through cables of
resistance 0.2 Ω. If the field winding
resistance is 50 Ω and the ar ature
resistance is 0.05 Ω, deter ine the
e.m.f. generated in the armature.
A. 431.68 V C. 425.25 V
B. 413.68 V D. 452.52 V
38. A 4-pole armature of a d.c. machine
has 1000 conductors and a flux per
pole of 20 mWb. Determine the
e.m.f. generated when running at
600 rev/min when the armature is
wave-wound.
A. 450 V C. 400 V
B. 245 VD. 488 V
39. A separately excited generator
develops a no-load e.m.f. of 180 V at
an armature speed of 15 rev/s and a
flux per pole of 0.20 Wb. Calculate
the generated e.m.f. when the speed
increases to 20 rev/s and the flux per
pole remaining unchanged.
A. 240 V C. 225 V
8 5
Review Guide Series
B. 200 V D. 288 V
40. The voltage build-up in a shunt
generator is generally restricted by
A. speed limitations
B. saturation of iron
C. copper heating
D. brush resistance
DC Generator Part 2
Example 1. A 200-kw, 250-volts shunt
generator has a field resistance of 50-Ω
and an armature resistance of 0.05-Ω.
Determine the full-load generated
voltage.
Example 2. As load is increased in a
shunt generator, the terminal voltage
decreases due to (a)_____, (b)
______, (c) _______.
Example 3. A shunt generator has a
terminal voltage of 110-volts when it
delivers a current of 50-amperes. The
armature resistance with brush included
is 0.1-Ω. If the power developed in the
armature is 120% of the power in the
load, determine the armature current.
Example 4. The no-load voltage of a
shunt generator is 140-volts while its full-
load voltage is 120-volts. Determine its
per cent voltage regulation.
Example 5. A 10-kw, 230-volts, 1750-
rpm, shunt generator was tested to
determine its rotational loss. The
generator was run light as a shunt motor
with a 245-volts applied across its
terminals. At this condition, the armature
current is 2 amperes. If the field
resistance Rf is 230-Ω and the armature
Review Guide Series ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DC Generator 1 & 2
resistance is 0.2-Ω, determine the a density of 2.8 tesla at a speed of 0.4
rotational (stray power). meters per second?
Example 18. A _________ dc generator A. 2.24 x 10–8 volt C. 0 volt
gets its excitation from a separate dc B. 2.24 volts D. 7 volts
source.
5. A four-pole dc shunt generator with a
Example 19.A separately excited dc shunt field resistance of 100 ohms and
generator generates an armature an armature resistance of 1 ohm has 378
voltage of 150-volts when driven at 1800- wave-connected conductors in its
rpm. Calculate the same if this machine armature. The flux per pole is 0.02 Wb. If
is driven at 2000-rpm. Assume that the a load resistance of 10 ohms is
field excitation remains unchanged. connected across the armature terminals
Example 20. A separately excited dc- and the generator is driven at 1000 rpm,
generator when driven at 1600-rpm and calculate the power absorbed by the
excited by a field current of 2.1 amps load.
generates a no-load terminal voltage of A. 8215 W C. 1278 W
125-volts. If the same is excited by 2.8 B. 4450 W D. 5153 W
amps and driven at 1450-rpm, determine
6. A four-pole shunt generator with lap-
the new generated emf. Assume that the
connected armature having field and
generator operates at its linear region.
armature resistances of 50 ohms and 0.1
ohm respectively supplied sixty 100-volt
40-watt lamps. Calculate the generated
Problems to Solve.
emf.
A. 128.5 V C. 212.8 V
1. The armature of a separately-excited
B. 104.6 V D. 145.5 V
shunt generator has 0.05 ohm effective
resistance and a brush resistance of 0.02 7. A generator is connected to a 50 Ω
ohm. If this generator delivers a current load and a current of 10 A flows. If the
of 40 A at 100 volts to its load, what is its ar ature resistance is 0.5 Ω, deter ine
efficiency?
the terminal voltage.
A. 96.52 % C. 97.65 %
A. 455 V C. 505 V
B. 97.30 % D. 95.15 %
B. 500 V D. 510 V
2. A generator assembled with six pole- 8. A separately excited generator
shoes and six interpoles when driven to a develops a no-load e.m.f. of 180 V at an
speed of 1,800 rpm should generate a armature speed of 15 rev/s and a flux per
frequency of _________ hertz. pole of 0.20 Wb. Calculate the generated
A. 90 C. 60 e.m.f. when the speed remains at 15
B. 50 D. 180 rev/s and the pole flux is decreased to
0.125 Wb.
3. Determine the terminal voltage of a
A. 112.5 V C. 275.40 V
generator which develops an e.m.f. of
240 V and has an armature current of 50 B. 244.2 V D. 125.8 V
A on load. Assume the armature 9. A d.c. generator has a generated
resistance is 40 Ω. e.m.f. of 210 V when running at 700 rpm
A. 215 V C. 125 V and the flux per pole is 120 mWb.
B. 238 V D. 218 V Determine the generated e.m.f. at a
speed of 1155 rpm and a flux of 132
4. What is the average voltage generated
mWb.
across a 2-meter conductor if it is moved
A. 318.2 V C. 381.2 V
in parallel to a uniform magnetic field with
B. 328.1 V D. 342.6 V
 CERTC-EE
10. A six-pole lap-wound d-c
generator has 144 slots with 4
conductors per slot. The effective flux
between each pole face is 36 mW. If the
armature of this machine is driven by its
prime mover to a speed of 1,400 rpm,
how much voltage is generated in a
single conductor in the armature?
A. 1.32 V C. 0.55 V
B. 0.84 V D. 1.72 V
11. A four-pole lap-wound d-c shunt
generator has a useful flux per pole of
0.07 Wb. The armature winding consists
of 220 turns each of 0.004-ohm
resistance. Calculate the terminal voltage
when running at 900 rpm if the armature
current is 50 amp.
A. 458 V C. 384 V
B. 540 V D. 440 V
12. A d.c. generator running at 25 rev/s
generates an e.m.f. of 150 V. Determine
the percentage increase in the flux per
pole required to generate 180 V at 20
rev/s.
A. 20 % C. 60 %
B. 25 % D. 50 %
13. Two permanent magnets with a
circular cross-section are mounted in a
position such that the N-pole of one faces
the S-pole of the other. Determine the
average flux density between the pole
faces if a wire moving through the gap at
a speed of 2.5 meters per second
generates an average voltage of 3.2
volts. The area of either pole face is
78.54 cm2.
A. 23.2 Tesla C. 12.8 Tesla
B. 10.8 Tesla D. 7.25 Tesla
14. A shunt generator delivers 50 amp of
current to a load at 110 V, at an
efficiency of 85 percent. The total
constant losses are 480 W, and the
shunt-field resistance is 65 Ω. Calculate
the armature resistance.
A. 0.185 Ω C. 0.235 Ω
B. 0.558 Ω D. 0.114 Ω
6 7
Review Guide Series Review Guide Series ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DC Generator 1 & 2
15. The armature of a six pole generator 22. A 15 kW shunt generator having an B. 180 mWbD. 0.08 Wb
carries a total current of 350 amp. What ar ature circuit resistance of 0.4 Ω and a
28. The armature of a 4-pole, 128-slot
current flows in each path if the winding field resistance of 100 Ω, generates a shunt generator is lap-wound with four
is duplex lap? terminal voltage of 240 V at full load.
conductors per slot. The flux per pole is
A. 58.33 amp C. 175 amp Determine the efficiency of the generator
50 mWb. The armature and shunt field
B. 29.17 amp D. 14.58 amp at full load, assuming the iron, friction
resistances are 0.04 ohm and 50 ohms
and windage losses amount to 1 kW.
16. A four-pole shunt-connected respectively. Determine the speed of the
A. 88.12 % C. 80.4 %
generator has a lap-connected armature machine when supplying 400 amp at a
B. 82.14 % D. 78.92 %
with 728 conductors. The flux per pole is terminal voltage of 250 volts.
25 mWb. If the generator supplies two 23. A separately excited generator A. 580 rpm C. 624 rpm
hundred 110-V 75-watt bulbs, determine develops a no-load e.m.f. of 180 V at an B. 645 rpm D. 634 rpm
the speed of the generator. The field and armature speed of 15 rev/s and a flux per 29. An 8-pole dc shunt generator with
armature resistances are 110 Ω and pole of 0.20 Wb. Calculate the generated 778 wave-connected armature
0.075 Ω respectively. e.m.f. when the speed increases to 25 conductors and running at 500 rpm
A. 450 rpm C. 396.6 rpm rev/s and the pole flux is decreased to supplies a load of 12.5 ohms resistance
B. 725 rpm D. 525 rpm 0.18 Wb. at a terminal voltage of 250 volts. If the
A. 112 V C. 270 V armature resistance and field resistance
17. The armature of a six pole generator
B. 240 V D. 250 V are 0.24 Ω and 250 Ω find the flux per
carries a total of 350 amp. What current
pole.
flows in each path if the winding is lap? 24. The armature resistance and shunt
A. 175 amp C. 50 amp field resistance of a d-c shunt generator A. 0.085 WbC. 2.045 mWb
B. 58.3 amp D. 356 amp are 0.625 ohm and 55 ohms respectively. B. 9.83 mWbD. 12.6 mWb
Determine the power developed in the 30. A four-pole lap-wound dc generator
18. How many parallel paths are there in
armature if the load of this machine takes has 48 slots. How many coils does it
an eight-pole triplex-wave armature?
44 amperes at 220 volts. have if there are 4 elements per slot?
A. 6 C. 8
A. 12 kW C. 11.5 kW A. 192 C. 96
B. 4 D. 2
B. 8.5 kW D. 10 kW B. 12 D. 52
19. A d.c. generator has a generated
25. A four-pole duplex lap wound dc 31. A shunt generator supplies a 50 kW
e.m.f. of 210 V when running at 700
generator has 48 slots with 4 elements load at 400 V through cables of
rev/min and the flux per pole is 120
mWb. Determine the generated e.m.f. (a)
per slot. When driven by its prime mover resistance 0.2 Ω. If the field winding
at 1050 rev/min, assuming the flux
at a speed of 1,500 rpm, the flux per pole resistance is 50 Ω and the ar ature
remains constant.
is 2.5 x 106 maxwells. Solve for the resistance is 0.05 Ω, deter ine the
output voltage. terminal voltage.
A. 300 V C. 381 V
A. 110 V C. 89 V A. 431.68 V C. 425.00 V
B. 315 V D. 175 V
B. 60 V D. 57 V B. 413.68 V D. 452.52 V
20. A 250 V d.c. shunt-wound generator
has an ar ature resistance of 0.1 Ω. 26. Two 6-pole generators A and B have 32. Which part of a generator provides
similar operating characteristics except the path for the magnetic flux?
Determine the generated e.m.f. when the
their windings. Find the ratio of their A. Armature C. Field winding
generator is supplying 50 kW, neglecting
generated voltages if A is wound duplex B. Yoke D. Interpole
the field current of the generator.
lap and B is wound duplex wave.
A. 270 V C. 205 V
A. 2 : 3 C. 1 : 3 33. A 4-pole, wave-connected armature
B. 350 V D. 225 V
B. 3 : 4 D. 1 : 2 of a d.c. machine has 750 conductors
21. A generator is connected to a 50 Ω and is driven at 720 rev/min. If the useful
27. Determine the flux per pole of a six-
load and a current of 10 A flows. If the
pole generator required to generate 240 flux per pole is 15 mWb, determine the
ar ature resistance is 0.5 Ω, deter ine generated e.m.f.
V at 500 rpm. The armature has 120
the generated e.m.f.
slots with eight conductors per slot and is
A. 455 V C. 505 V
B. 500 V D. 510 V lap-wound.
A. 0.015 WbC. 30 mWb