Building Operations and Works of Engineering

Construction (Safety) Regulation

Dr. Ahmad Nazib Alias
Faculty of Applied Science FSG
ahmadnazib111@perak.uitm.edu.my
Part II : General Provision

5. Fencing of Machinery and Safety

 Shall apply to every machinery used
6. Machinery installed on any floor above
the ground
 Each floor must be able to support the
machinery
 Maintain in good and safe condition
 Avoid slippery condition
 Part II : General Provision

5. Drowning Hazard
 Sufficient equipment and personnel with
appropriate training so that the rescue
operation can be done
 Part II : General Provision

8. Slipping hazard
 Can not be especially in high places
 Oil, grease, water and other substance
causing slippery shall be removed
9. Tripping and Cutting hazards
 Passageway shall be clean
10. Access to workplace
 Stairways, ramps or runways shall
provided
 Well defined access
Part II : General Provision

11. Dusk and gases

 Shall not exceed the permitted level
 Good ventilation system
12. Corrosive substance
 Corrosive, toxic or hazardous substances
shall be stored
 Suitable PPE
 Cleansing material shall be ready
available  washing off splitting
 Part II : General Provision

13. Eye Protection

 Shall be provided especially
engaged with welding,
cutting, chipping, grinding
14. Respirators
 The employee shall use a
respirators
 Regular inspection, cleansing
and sterilizing
 Part II : General Provision
15. Protective apparel
(1) Safety helmet  falling object
(2) Waterproof boots  work in
water, wet concrete
(3) Waterproof coat or hat  work
in rain or similar wet condition
(4) Suitable PPE  work in
corrosive toxic substance
 Part II : General Provision:
16. Electrical Hazard
 Direct observed how electric contact
occured
 Maintain warning sign
 Electric power circuit cannot be touched
or contact to employee
 Taken protective measures the hazard
involved electric power circuit and lines
 All wiring shall be supported on proper
insulator
 Proved protective glove and insulated
protective footwear
 Part II : General Provision

16. Electrical Hazard

 Wiring shall not be left on the floor or
ground unless no electric power
 Unprotected conductor or bare wire
shall be guarded
 Electric installation in building shall have
proper leakage circuit breaker
 Equipment has provision earthing 
shall be proper earthed
 All electric installation in building and
construction require appropriate
authority
Part II : General Provision

17. Power Driven saws( Gergaji Kuasa)

 Equipped with guards
 Securely fastened in position
 prevent kickback material
18 Public vehicular traffic
 Barricaded and suitable warning
sign
 Machinery shall register with road
traffic ordinance 1958
Part II : General Provision

19. Stability of Structure

 prevented from falling, collapsing,
falling or weaken due to wind or
vibration
20. Illumination of passageways
 >50 lux
21. Storage of materials and equipment
 Not obstruct any passageway
 Stacked and stored in such manner to
ensure stability
 Floor or platform shall not exceed its
safety capacity
 Storage shall not endanger to person
 Part II : General Provision

22. Disposal of Debris (Puing)

 Handle and disposal off by not
endanger to any person
 Not allow to accumulate and
constitute a hazard
 Moist to avoid lay of dust
Bad Disposal of Debris

interfere vehicle movement No fencing

https://www.edhauling.com/2013/01/23/cons
From star online
truction-debris-site-clean-up-2/
 Part II : General Provision

23. Site safety supervisor SSS

 The main contractor shall appoint a part time SSS
and spent ~15 hours
 Competent
 SSS shall ensure provision BOWEC complied
 SSS shall promote safety in construction site

SSS duties
 Inspecting unsafe work
 Correcting unsafe practice
 Checking sub-con. work and complied BOWEC
Part II : General Provision

24. Contractor Safety Supervisors

 At least 5 hours per week exclusively on safety
supervision and promoting the safe conduct of
work
 ensure provision BOWEC complied
 Promote safe best practices
Part III Concrete Work
28 General Requirement

 Formwork and reshores shall approve by PE

(Professional Engineer)
 Formwork structure with more 2 tiers  catwalk
29. Inspection and supervision

 Supervise the erection of the formwork (acuan)

including shores (penyangga), braces (perembat)
and other support (tupang-tupang)
29. Inspection and supervision

 The designated person shall make thorough

inspection to ensure the framework is safe
 Inspect during place of concrete
 Unsafe condition  fix and remedied
immediately
 designated personKeep all record of
inspection
30. Beam (rusuk), floors and roofs

 Braces shall provide the structure stability

 Need approval by professional engineer if:
i. If floor to ceiling > 9.14 meter
ii. formwork deck is supported by shores
constructed in 2 @ more tiers
iii. Impact of loads on framework 732.2kgf per
square meter
31. Stripping

 Stripping shall not be commence until the

concrete if fully set in accordance with the
professional engineer
 Stripped form shall be removed, neatly stacked
and not blocking work or pass
 Protruding nails, wire-ties and other form of
accessories shall be made safe.
32. Reshoring

 Reshoring shall be provided when necessary to

safety support slab
Part IV Structural, Steel and Precast Concrete Assembly
Bahagian IV Pemasangan Keluli Strutur dan Konkrit Siap Tuang
 33. Placing of Structure Members
 The load shall not be released from the hoisting rope
until the members are securely fastened in place
34. Holding or cutting of structure members
 Structure member shall not weakened by cutting, holing
or other means
 Need approval from PE
36. Constructions of Lintels
• Exterior lintels are erected after permeant
floor have been erected
• Using scaffold if necessary
 Part V Cleaning, Repairing and Maintenance
of Roof, Gutter, window, Louvres and
Ventilation

Bahagian V Mencuci, Membaiki,

menyelengara atap, Talang, Tingkap, Ram
dan Pengganti Udara
 39. Duties Employer
Properly maintained equipment and
safety device
40. Work on Steep Roofs
Roofing brackets or crawling board if
slope > ¼
Or Implement safety belt
Part IV: Catch Platform

 Built outside the building

 Design approved by PE
 Part VII CHUTES, SAFETY
BELTS AND NETS
Part VII Pelunsur, Tali Pinggang
dan Jaringkeselamatan
46. Chutes

 Wooden or metal chutes at > 45 degrees shall

be entirely enclosed on all sides
 except at openings used for the receiving or
discharging of material
 If < 45 can open on upper side
47. Construction

 Strong bottom where material strikes the chute

shall be supported
 >12 meter design by PE

48. Danger Sign  Shall be placed

49. Chute Maintenance

 Clean up from debris
 At least once a day
50 % 55 Safety Belts and Net  Approved
by CI
51. Attachment Required
 Safety belt made available
 Life line securely attached to a sufficient anchorage
 Life line < level of working position
 Life line must be protected from contact with edges or
objects which may cut out or severely abrade it
 Storage properly to avoid weakening
 Safety belt and safety net shall inspect by designated
person
 Part VII Runways and Ramps

Bahagian VII Landasan dan Lerengan

 Regulation 58 - 60
All runways and ramps shall be
substantially constructed and securely
braced and supported.
Use by Vehicle  PE approval
Used by employees  430 mm x 25 mm
(thick)
Wheel barrows  Guarding
 PART IX

LADDERS AND STEP-LADDERS

Regulation 63 &64 Handhold to
be Provided
Handhold to be provided if > 1meter
Exception for crawling ladder

Regulation 65 – Loose foot

Ladders and step-ladders shall not stand
on loose bricks or other loose packing, but
shall have a level and firm footing
Regulation 66 – Prevention
against slipping
Practicable from slipping

Regulation 67 – Swaying and

Sagging
secured so a to prevent undue swaying
supported on each upright
Shall not to cause undue sagging
 Regulation 69– Prohibition
against use of defective ladder
No ladder
with missing, broken or defective rung
with broken or split side rail
of faulty or defective construction
the rungs depending for its support
solely on nails, spikes, or other similar
fixing
Regulation 70 Wooden Ladder
Construction
Adequate strength
Wood grain free from defect
reinforcing metal ties if the tenons
are not secured by wedges
Common Mistake
Part X: Scaffold
 Introduction
Based on the provisions
under the BOWEC 1986,
there are eleven (11)
types of installation or
erection of scaffold:
1. Independent scaffold
 Introduction
2. Ladder jack scaffold 3. Outrigger scaffold
 Introduction
4. Plasterers inside
scaffold
5. Single line scaffold
6. Suspended scaffold
or slung scaffold
7. Swinging scaffold
 Introduction
8. Trestles scaffold
9. Window jack
scaffold
 Introduction
10. Mobile scaffold
11. bracket, jip cantilever
scaffolds
SCAFFOLDING TERMINOLOGY
 SCAFFOLDING TERMINOLOGY

•Bay. - Distance between standards.

• Brace - Tube at an angle to give stability.
• Guardrail - To stop persons falling.
• Ledger - Tube supporting transoms.
• Lift - Distance between ledgers.
• Soleboard - placed under baseplate to spread weight on soft ground.
• Standard - Upright tube.
• Ties - Means of fixing scaffold to structure.
• Toeboard - Upstand to prevent tools falling.
• Transom - Tubes to support platform.
• Working platform - set of boards to work on.
 72. Construction
Keruing wood or equal or higher strenght

Straight grained, free from dry rot or other

wood
Defect impairing its strength or durability

bark completely stripped off, and not be

painted or treated so that defects cannot
be easily seen

Suitable quality
Metal
Free from defect

Free from corrosion

Capable to support the load

 74. Supervision of work and
inspection material
 Scaffold erected, altered or dismantled shall be
done by under supervisor of designated person

75. Design and Drawings of

Scaffolds to be Approved
Metal Tube Scaffold >40 m

Approval by PE DOSH
Other Scaffold >15 m
 76. Standards, Uprights,
Ledgers and Putlogs
Standards or Uprights of
scaffold secure the stability
Preventable from slip and
sinking into the ground
Ledger securely fastened

Timber scaffold
 77. Support and Stability
 stable
Mobile scaffold also must be stable and
moved only by the application of the force
 78. Gears for Suspension of
Scaffolds
Chains, ropes and lifting gear  adequate
strength, suitable quality and in good
condition
securely fastened to safe anchorage
points or supporting members
 79. Cantilever, Jib, Figure and Bracket
Scaffolds, Etc
 Adequate supported
eaves gutter
 Fasten tightly
 not causes the walls peel off or
pull out
80. Scaffold support by Building
 Adequate supported
 Eaves gutter are design
adequate strength
 81. Suspended Scaffolds Raised or
Lowered By Means Of Winches
Outriggers are
 of adequate length and strength
and properly installed and
supported
 installed horizontally
 properly spaced in relation to
the putlogs or deck irons
 securely fixed to the building
 provided with adequate stops at Winch
their outer ends
 81. Suspended Scaffolds Raised or
Lowered By Means Of Winches
Suspension ropes are
 of adequate strength
 free from defect
 securely attached to the
outriggers or other supports
Platform
 >635 mm wide
 Comfortable and safe to
employees
82. Other Suspended Scaffolds~81
 83. Skip, Bucket, Basket,
Boatswain's Chair, etc.
Shall not be used except the
design adequate security and
safety
 safety measure such as
spinning, tipping and falling
are take into account
 84. Trestle Scaffold
> 3 tiers
PE approval
> 4.5 m above the ground
 Prevent displacement
 Firm
 Shall not erect on suspended scaffold
85. Inspection of scaffold

Designated Person DOSH

 Technical Aspect of Scaffold
86.Working Platforms
87.Boards and Planks in Working Platforms
88.Guard-Rails and Toe-Boards at Working
Place
89.Working Platforms at Building Face.
90.Platforms to be Unobstructed And To
Afford Safe Foothold
 platform shall be kept free from any unnecessary obstruction,
material or rubbish and from any projecting nails
 Avoid slippery
 Technical Aspect of Scaffold
91.Tube Scaffolds ~ complying with BS
1139 “Metal Scaffolding”
92.Scaffold Locking Device
93.Locking Device Material
94.Construction of Tubular Scaffold
95.Size of Tube Scaffold
96.Factor of Safety
 All tubular scaffolds shall be designed to have a factor of safety of
not less than four

97. Bracing
 PART XI:
DEMOLITION
 99. Warning sign

Posted clearly around:

The property
All doorways
Entrance
During darkness
Light flares shall be
placed on
Or barricades
 100. Preparation
All gas, electric, water, steam or
other supplies shall be shut off
If the supplies are required, re-
locate and protect from the damage
101. Projection of Adjacent Structures.
(Pelindungan bagi Bangunan yang
Bersampingan)

Employer shall examine the walls of all

structures adjacent to the structure which
is to be demolished
Structures adjacent shall strong and safe
Sheet piling, shoring, bracing or effective
means shall be used to ensure the stability
of the adjacent structure or avoid structure
collapse
 102. Demolition Of Walls, Partitions,
etc. –Technical aspect
102. Inspection

 Continuing inspections shall be made by a

designated person as the work progresses to
detect any hazard to employees
 No employee shall be permitted to work where
such hazards exist unless they are corrected by
shoring, bracing or other effective means
 104. Method of Operation
Debris, bricks and other materials shall be
removed:
 by means of chutes, buckets or hoists;
through openings in the floors.

105. Access to floor

shall be provided at all times safe access to and
exit from every building
 108. Storage of Materials
Materials shall not be stored on catch and
scaffold platforms, floor or stairways of the
building being demolished
Except for temporary storage and the floor
strong enough to support the load
Shall not interfere with access
 109. Barricades, Catch
Platforms and Warning Signs
• During operations there shall be erected a
substantial barricade to prevent
unauthorised persons from entering
• Suitable warning signs shall be put up at
conspicuous positions.
Part XII

Bahagian XII Kerja Korekan

 111. Protection of The Public
 shall provide with substantial
guard-rails or board fences
 A flagman or watchman shall be
designated to warn the public of
the approach of machine
 During darkness, all public
sidewalks shall be adequately
illuminated and warning lights or
flares shall be placed
113. General Requirements
 employee working excavated area shall be provided
with safeguards that may be necessary for his
protection are provided
 Structure shall be strong enough
 The excavation site and its vicinity shall be checked
by a designated person  heavy rain, hazard, etc
 Temporary sheet piling installed  wall strength
 Where banks are undercut adequate shoring shall be
provided to support the ovechanging materials
113. General Requirements
 Rocks or other materials which may slide, roll or fall
upon persons below shall be stripped off
 Open sides of excavation >3m  adequate
barricades and suitable warning sign
 No employee shall be permitted to work where he
may be struck or endangered by an excavating
machine or by material dislodged by it or falling from
it
 115. Access
 > 1.2 metres deep there shall be provided
ladders, stairways or ramps to furnish safe
access to and egress (exist) from such
excavation.
116. Trench Excavation
 > 4 m  PE

118. Positioning Of Machinery

 Practicable safe
 PART XIII MATERIAL HANDLING AND
STORAGE, USE AND DISPOSAL
Bahagian XII- Pengendalian Dan Penyimpanan Bahan-
Bahan, Kegunaan dan Pembuangan
119 General Requirement
 Stacked and stored shall not
endanger to the people
 Prevent the hazard to traffic and
public
120 Falling of timber
 Timber shall be so stacked so as to
be safe against falling or topping
over
 nails withdrawn before it is stacked
120 Aisles and Passageways To Be Kept Clear
 Shall be kept clear to provide for the free and
safe movement of material handling equipment
or workers
 Such areas shall be kept in good repair
 122 Material Storage
 Material stored inside buildings under construction shall
not be placed within 1.8 metres of any hoistway or inside
floor openings
 Employees required to work on stored material in silos,
hoppers, tanks and similar storage areas shall be
equipped with life lines and safety belt
 Unused materials shall be segregated in storage
 Brick stacks shall not be more than 2.1 metres in height.
 Timber supported  safe and strong
 Structural steel poles, pipes, bar stock, and other
cylindrical materials shall be attached and blocked so as
to prevent spreading or tilting.
123 Disposal of waste material
 > 6 meter  enclosed chute of wood @ equivalent
 Debris dropped through hole  1.2 meter
barricades
 all scrape lumber, waste material and rubber shall be
removed from the immediate work area as the work
progresses
 Disposal of waste material or debris by burning shall
comply with local fire regulations
 All solvent waste, oily rags and flammable liquids
shall be kept in fire-resistant covered containers
PART XIV: PILING
Bahagian XIV Mencerucuk
PART XIV: PILING
 Regulation 124. Stability Of Adjacent Structures.
PE recognition
 Regulation 125. Inspection.
Approved person at least once in 12 months
 Regulation 126. Protection Of Operator.
Shall protect from falling object etc.
 Regulation 127. Qualifications Of Operator.
 Regulation 128. Handling Of Piles.
Safe distance operation
 Regulation 129. Pile Driver (Pelantar Cerucuk) Not In
Use.
When the pile driver is not in use, the hammer
shall be choked or blocked in the leads or lowered
to the ground
PART XIV: PILING
 Regulation 130. Ladders.
 Regulation 131. Working Platforms.
 Regulation 132. Piles.
 Regulation 133. Pile Testing.
1. conducted under the direct supervision of a
designated person
2. not to approach within 50 metres of a pile under
test
3. Shall not approaching a test pile while the process
of increasing or decreasing test loading is being
carried out
4. While not in progress of test loading, designated
person can check with safe condition
 Regulation 134. Footing.
PART XV: BLASTING
AND USE OF
EXPLOSIVE
 135. Handling of Exposure

Handle and use accordance with

manufacture instruction
Perform in safety manner
Calculate the risk effect of exposure
 136. Smoking and Open light
Prohibited

137. Opening Packages

 <15.3 meters distance from
magazine

138. Drilling Holes

 Holes before contain explosive
material
 Sufficient size of cartridges
 142. Warning before Blasting
 Warning distinctly audible to all persons within
the danger zone
 Go to safe distance or to a safe shelter.
 No blast shall be fired while any person is in the
danger zone as determined by the blaster

145. Precaution before Blasting.

 take every precaution for the protection of life
and property
 warning notices shall be given to all residence
 Part XVI Hand and Power Tools

Bahagian XVI Alatan Tangan dan Kuasa

Requirements of the Factories

Machinery Act (Fencing Regulation)