SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY June 29, 2018

GROUP 1&2

INTRODUCTION
BY: PRECIOUS SHAIRA CARILLO

SKIT PRESENTATION #1
“FREEZING ERA’S”
PRESENTED BY:
ANGELICA L. PIANDO
ASHLEY RONQUILLO
ALLYSA FAE FAMADICO

PROPER REPORT #1: 3000 B.C – 1500 B.C

NARRATED BY:
ALBERT ESTIMADA – CUNEIFORM & BRONZE
PRECIOUS SHAIRA CARILLO – PAPYRUS
JULIUS CEAZAR T. LABING-ISA – DOCKS & CHARIOTS
FLORIANNE MAE AZUR – GLASS & SEED DRILL
JERILLE LOREN – SCISSORS & SUNDIAL

SKIT PRESENTATION #2
“PAYABANGAN”
PRESENTED BY:
MARK JOCEN CELMAR
ALONA DELA CRUZ
RAPHAEL SALCEDO
REINALYN FERMIN
FRANZ GIAN MENORCA

PROPER REPORT #2: 1499 B.C – 500 AD

NARRATED BY:
MARIA CRISTINA CASSANDRA FRANCISCO - SWORDS & COINS
BHEA NICOLE BANEZ – “DAILY ACTS” (NEWSPAPER) & CONCRETE
RACEL MAE LANZAGAY – EYEGLASSES & WHEELBARROW
ZYRA BLANCHE TORRES – SEISMOMETER & WOODBLOCK PRINTING
PRECIOUS SHAIRA CARILLO – FISHING REEL

FOREWORD
BY: JULIUS CEAZAR LABING-ISA
WRITTEN REPORT
Inventions in 3000 BC until 1500 BC

1. 3000 BC

a. Writing – Cuneiform in Sumer, Mesopotamia (Iraq)

What is it: Cuneiform, is a carefully cut writing implement known as a stylus is pressed
into soft clay to produce wedge-like impressions that represent word-signs (pictographs)
and, later, phonograms or `word-concepts' (closer to a modern-day understanding of a
`word').
Where: Sumer, Mesopotamia
When: 3500 - 3000 BC
Impact on society: first written language
Mark, Joshua J. “Cuneiform.” Ancient History Encyclopedia , Ancient History Encyclopedia, 21 June
2018, www.ancient.eu/cuneiform/.

b. Bronze in Mesopotamia
What: Bronze is made by smelting copper and tin together.
Where: Mesopotamia
Who: First people of Mesopotamia
How: First people in Mesopotamia learned to smelt copper and tin together to make
bronze.
Impact on society: It is used for armors as well as for different weapons such as swords,
daggers, spears, and maces
https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/mesopotamia.htm

c. Papyrus in Egypt
What: Papyrus is developed using a similar technique in making paper from the pith of the
papyrus plant, a common, right along the bank of the Nile River. It is make using long strips of
plant that were woven together and weighted down to bind them into a strong, thin sheet. The
Egyptians also invented pens made of cut reeds, which were strong enough to write on the
papyrus, and mixed soot or other organic material with beeswax and vegetable gum to make ink.
Who: Egyptians
Impact on society: It was used to record important details in their lives before. Many of
these papyrus sheets inscribed with Egyptian hieroglyphics and still remain intact and readable,
even after more that 5,000 years. Up until now, we use paper to record the different things that we
encounter, it helped us to go back and recall the previous details that we had written on it.
Pruitt, S. (Nov. 9, 2015). 8 Inventions We Owe to the Ancients. Retrieved June 23, 2018 from
https://www.history.com/news/8-inventions-we-owe-to-the-ancients
 2. 2500 BC

a. Docks in Ancient Egypt

What: Docks is the area of water between or next to one or a group of human-made structures that
are involved in the handling of boats or ships or such structures themselves.
Where: Egypt
Who: The Harbor
When: 4 500 years ago
Impact on Society: It is used to export copper and others minerals from the Sinai Peninsula
Williams, A., “World’s oldest port found in Egypt” April 16, 2013

3. 2000 BC

a. Chariot in Russia and Kazakhstan

What: Chariot is a type of carriage driven by a charioteer using primarily horses to provide rapid
movement power.
Impact on Society: The chariot was the supreme military weapon and also used for hunting purposes
and in sport contest. It became a moving platform from which soldiers could shoot at enemies.
Arrows and javelins were the main weapons used by the fighter on board, while a second person
drove the chariot.
Publins, R.Q., Chariot, “Ancient History Encyclopedia” March 6, 2013
https://www.ancient.eu/chariot/

b. Glass in Ancient Egypt

What: Glass is a hard, brittle substance, typically transparent or translucent, made by fusing sand
with soda, lime and sometimes other ingredients and cooling rapidly.
Where: Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia
When: 2500 BC - 18th dynasty 1550 BC
Impact on Society: For royalty. it is used as jewelries, amulets, little animal figures, mosaic stones,
and similar things were made. It is also used in ambitious project with glass making techniques of
Egypt.
www.historyofglass.com/glass-invention/egyptian-glass

4. 1700 BC

a. Seed Drill in Babylon

What: While the Babylonians used primitive single-tube seed drills around 1500 BC, the
invention never reached Europe. Multi-tube iron seed drills were invented by the Chinese
in the 2nd century BC. This multi-tube seed drill has been credited with giving China an
efficient food production system that allowed it to support its large population for millennia.
 Science behind :Seeding or sowing is an art of placing seeds in the soil to have good
germination in the field. A perfect seeding gives the Correct amount of seed per unit area ,
Correct depth at which seed is placed in the soil and Correct spacing between row-to-row
and plant-to-plant.
What is a seed drill : A 'seed drill' is a sowing device that precisely positions seeds in the
soil and then covers them. Before the introduction of the seed drill, the common practice
was to plant seeds by hand.
Uses of seed drill : Drilling is the term used for the mechanized sowing of an agricultural
crop. Traditionally, a seed drill consists of a hopper of seeds arranged above a series of tubes
that can be set at selected distances from each other to allow optimum growth of the
resulting plants.
“Seed Drill.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 19 June 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_drill.

5. 1500 BC

a. Scissors in Ancient Egypt

Who: Is invented by the Egyptians
What: Scissors are hand-operated shearing tools
Where: The earliest known scissors appeared in Mesopotamia
When: Around 1500 BC
Impact to Society: During the Middle Ages and Renaissance, spring scissors were made by heating
a bar of iron or steel, then flattening and shaping its ends into blades on an anvil. The center of the bar was
heated, bent to form the spring, then cooled and reheated to make it flexible.
To be used for cutting various thin materials, such as paper, cardboard, metal foil, cloth, rope, and wire.
Scissors. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 23, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scissors

b. Sundial
Who: Nobody knows for sure who invented the sundial, but is believed invented by the
Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, or Babylonians.

What: The sundial was used to tell time by the shadow the sun made.

When: The earliest sundial was dated to about 1500BC.

Where: Nobody knows for sure where the sundial was invented. But is dated back to the
early Egyptians.

Why: The sundial was invented so people could start to tell time long ago.
 How: The shadow stick is when you put a stick in the ground and then you roughly tell
how much sunlight is left in the day.

Trivia: In Jaipur, India about 1724 the largest sundial in the world was constructed. The
sundial covered almost 1 whole acre and had a gnomon over 100 ft on top is an
observatory!

Conclusion: The reason why the sundial is the greatest invention ever is because it was the
first way that people started to tell time.
Sources used:
Http://en. Wikipedia.org /wiki/sundial
Http://yahooligans .com /contenl/ask _ earl by Tegan Ca

INVENTIONS BETWEEN 1499 BC TO 500 AD

6. 1200 BC
a. Sword in Ancient Egypt
Who: Ancient Egyptians invented the sword
What: A sword is a bladed weapon intended for slashing or thrusting that is longer than a knife or
dagger.
Where: They have been found in Arslantepe, Turkey
When: 12th century BC
How: are made from arsenical bronze, and are about 60 cm (24 in) long.Some of them are inlaid
with silver.
Why: To symbolized liberty and faith and was said to be the emblem for military honor.
Impact on Society: In the Philippines, some of the swords are used in farming.
Sword. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved June 23, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
7. 600 BC
a. Coins in Lydia
Who: Coins were invented by the lydians
What: A coin is a small, flat, (usually) round piece of metal or plastic used primarily as a medium
of exchange or legal tender. They are standardized in weight and produced in large quantities at a
mint in order to facilitate trade. They are most often issued by a government.
 Where: The first coin is invented in Turkey
When: it is invented around 600 BC
How: These were made from coin blanks of a consistent composition of gold/silver alloy called
electrum. For this purpose, molten electrum was poured into suitable forms.
Impact on Society: It appears that many early Lydian coins were minted by merchants as tokens to
be used in trade transactions. Money has many functions it facilitates exchange as a measure of
value and it brings diverse societies together by enabling gift-giving and reciprocity.
Coins. (n.d.). In wikipedia. Retrieved June 23, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coin
8. 131 B.C.
a. Acta Diurna (or “daily acts")
Who: Romans
What: Prototype for the modern newspaper.
Where: Rome
Impact on Society: Served as a gazette of political and social happenings. News of events such as military
victories, gladiatorial bouts and other games, births and deaths and even human-interest stories were
inscribed on metal or stone and posted in areas with heavy foot traffic, such as the Roman Forum. It became
the basis for the newspaper that was used to spread news and current events efficiently.
Pruitt, S. (Nov. 9, 2015). 8 Inventions We Owe to the Ancients. Retrieved June 23, 2018 from
https://www.history.com/news/8-inventions-we-owe-to-the-ancients

9. 27 B.C.
a. Opus caementicum or Roman Concrete
Who: Romans
What: The Romans mixed limestone with volcanic ash to form a mortar, then packed this thick substance
together with chunks of brick or volcanic tuff to form the basic material for roads, bridges, aqueducts,
buildings and other structures—including such enduring behemoths as the Pantheon and the Colosseum.
When: 27 B.C.
Where: Rome
Impact on Society: In order to build a durable and long lasting buildings, bridges, houses, and other
structures, the Romans came up with the idea of creating concrete with materials and substances that can
be found within their surroundings. As of now, most of the infrastructure are made of concrete which is
durable and safer than any other materials.
Pruitt, S. (Nov. 9, 2015). 8 Inventions We Owe to the Ancients. Retrieved June 23, 2018 from
https://www.history.com/news/8-inventions-we-owe-to-the-ancients
Inventions in 2 AD TO 500 AD
10. 1st century
1. Eyeglasses History
Who: Salvino D'Armate is most often credited with the invention of the first wearable eye glasses around
1284. The earliest eyeglass was prescribed for hyperopia and perched on the bridge of nose.
What: The first vision aid, called a reading stone, was invented around 1000 AD. The reading stone was a
glass sphere that was laid on top of the reading material to magnify the letters. The first wearable eye
glasses were invented around 1284 in Italy.
When: 1000 AD
Where: Italy
Impact on Society: Eye glasses helped people that have poor eye sight to see a clearer view.
http://www.glasseshistory.com/

11. 2nd century

1. Wheelbarrow

What: Descriptions of the wheelbarrow in China refer to first century BCE, and the oldest surviving
picture, a frieze relief from a tomb-shrine in Szechuan province, dates from about 118 CE. Wheelbarrows
did not exist in Europe before the eleventh or twelfth century (the earliest known Western depiction is in
a window at Chartres Cathedral, dated around 1220 CE).
When: first century BCE
Where: China
Impact on Society: The wheelbarrow made lifting and moving things much easier.
https://asiasociety.org/education/chinese-inventions
2. Seismometer
Who: Change Heng
What: Seismometer was built as a large tin pot with eight vertical dragons each facing downwards. All of
the dragons contained a single metal ball in their mouths. When an earthquake caused the tin to vibrate,
this seismograph was designed to release the ball from the dragon's mouth nearest to source of the quake.
It was extremely effective, and even once alerted the local people of an earthquake occurrence that was not
even felt.
When: 132 AD
Where: China
Impact on Society: Seismometer was used to determine the magnitude of the earthquake.
http://www.softschools.com/inventions/history/seismograph_history/172/
12. 3rd century
1. Woodblock printing
What: Printing Designs
When: 4th or 5th century
Where: China
How: Chinese woodblocks were first used to print designs on silk cloth, beginning around the 4th or 5th
century. The then technology found its way to another substance invented in China, paper. By 600 AD,
carved woodblocks were being used to print Buddhist religious texts, calendars, and calligraphy (beautiful
written words, revered as an art form in China). Almost all early woodblock prints were documents. Only
in the later Song Dynasty (960 - 1279) were woodblocks first used to print images in elaborately decorated
books.
Impact on Society: As of now, instead of writing, we used printers to have a hard copy of our documents
and handouts which is much efficient and convinient.
Przybylek, S. (n.d.). History of Chinese Woodblock Printing. Retrieved June 26, 2018 from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/history -of-chinese-woodblock-printing.html
13. 4th century
1. Fishing reel
What: A Chinese Painting, circa 1200 A.D., provides the earliest evidence of a fishing reel. Primitive reels
were similar to a simply fly reel. They consisted of a modified wheel, with a handle, that could be used for
storing, winding, and pulling off line. Each turn of the handle was equal to a single turn of the spool.
When: 1200 A.D
Where: China
Impact to the Society: It helped with the enhance of fishing techniques.
(n.d.). Fishing Reel History. Retrieved June 26, 2018 from http://www.howtofishguide.com/tackle/fishing-reel-
history.html