XA9846695

THE EOR SYSTEM IN DURI: COMPARISON BETWEEN

CONVENTIONAL AND NON-CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS

A.N. LASMAN, M.D. ISNAENI

National Atomic Energy Agency,
Batan, Indonesia

Abstract

EOR system in Duri. Comparison between conventional and non-conventional

systems. One of oil field location in Indonesia, which produces about 25% or more than 300
bpd, located in Duri, Sumatera island. The oil depth location is between 75 until 200 meter.
Because the Duri oil is classified as heavy oil, only 7.5% of oil could be pumped out by
using conventionally system. By using of EOR system, in this case uses steam injection, it
is hoped thai the amount of oil pumped could be reach until 65% of oil resources. It is
interesting to study again the using of High Temperature Reactor for Duri steam flood (DSF)
project after their feasibility study and after the DSF project has been used oil burning for the
steam production. The Duri oil field area is divided into 12 regions. The DSF project has
finished 8 regions. The other regions are still in project progress. In this study is discussed
the EOR seven point system, the comparison between the present and prediction of thermal
power required for DSF project and the DSF by using HTRs. Jt is calculated that the present
thermal power required is less than Vi of the last feasibility study by using of (4x200 MWth.)
fITRs.

INTRODUCTION

The Duri oil field is located approximately in the center of the province of Riau,
which covers the northern central section of the Sumatera island, and has the distance of
about 170 km from Pekanbaru. It is the biger oil field in Indonesia. The bigest one is the
Minas oil field, which is located about 150 km from Duri. The oil resources of both field are
difference. The oil of Minas is categorized as light oil and the oil of Duri is heavy oil. It
makes the oil pumpe systems of both region are diffrence. The first oil production in the Duri
field was in May 1958 by using the primary recovery system. The oil pumping was
successfully, but only 7.5 % oil could be pumped out from the reservoir1'1.

To increase the oil production some techniques had been done, i.e.:
1. The water flood techniques.
It was done in year 1960 until 1963. It was predicted that 16% of oil reservoir could
be pumped out.

2. The cyclic steaming or huff-puff technique.

It was done in year 1967. The steam was injected into the production wells and than
the wells were closed. After some days the production wells were opened and the oil
was pumped out. The same technique was done again if the oil reservoir temperature
and also its oil result decreased. By this technique can be pumped out the heavy oil
until 20% from its reservoir.

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3. The (continue) steam flood technique.
This technique had been used since 1975. The steam flood technique uses continue
steam injection into the injection wells. This techique promises that 65% oil
production from the heavy oil reservoir can be reached.

Before the DSF project was done in some Duri oil field regions the steam injection
system was investigated by using the HTR's. The comparison between using oil and nuclear
heat sources is interesting for HTR studies especially for non electrical applications.

THE STEAM INJECTION SYSTEM

The Duri oil field area is about 76.5 km2, which is divided into 12 development
regions and each has an average area 6 km2 (Fig.l). Now the 8lh region is done by the DSF
project. Steam injection system uses 7 point pattern, which 6 points are located at the
hexagonal corners as the production wells. One point is located at the middle of the hexagonal
and its functions as the steam injection well. The distance between points at the hexagonal
corners is 135 meter121 (Fig. 2).

At present the DSF project is the bigest steam flood plant in the world. Until 8lh region
the DSF project needs about 340,000 ton water per day. The steam is produced in the Boilers
and the Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) machines. The boilers use oil as fuel and the WHR
machines use the heat release from the gas turbines. The DSF project has 5 WHRs. Each
WHR can process 1,675 ton water per day. The steam is transported through 75 cm diameter
pipes. The using of 5 WHRs reduces the total steam cost.

l'igl Duri oil field area

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 1J5M
-SOMUH

Zx j | \|A1ANMO»II

|_SUMU«
IN|[ KM

Fig.2 Seven point pattern

POWER REQUIRED

The thermal power is required for the steam production and electrical generation. The
total power is predicted for all area of the Dun oil field.

Tlic DSF Project.

Until the 8th region is replaced 367 steam generators with the power required is 6.5
MW thermal. The electrical generation is 22 MWe or about 70 MW thermal. It means that'
the total power required is about 76 MW thermal. The amount of oil production is 367,000
bpd or about 30% of the total Indonesia oil production. The heat and electricity are produced
by using oil in the amount of 64,000 bpd.

The total length of the steam pipe is 3,219 km and the total of injection and
production wells is 4,501. It means that each hexagonal well system needs in average about
5 km pipe length. The steam pressure at the steam generator outlet is 65 bar and at the inlet
of the injections well is 28 bar or reduce by factor 0.43.

Based on the real power need until the 8lh region development, it is predicted that the
DSF project will be finished for all 12 region developments and required the thermal power
for 114 MW. At that time the production rate is 550,000 bpd.

HTR as power source

Using HTRs for the DSF project has investigated in year 1985/86. Because the
application of HTRs is feasible if the oil price is more than 24 US$/barrelm, and in fact that
the oil price until now is less than the calculation. It makes the using MTRs in the DSF
project is not feasible. The study, 'which was done by China and uses the present technology,
said that the HTR could be build for EOR if the oil price is more than 18 USS/barrcl1"1.

In this case the steam quality is better, has a factor 4, than the present technology. But
the pressure drop factor1*1 is bad ( > 0.9) because the distance between the heat source and
the injection wells. If 2 HTRs are replaced into the region 3 and 10 (Fig. 1) with the nominal
power 200 MWth each, the present production capacity can be reached.

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 The difference result between this calculation and the old calculation m is based on
the scenario of the 7 point pattern. This pattern is used at the beginning of 1990. Using this
pattern makes that the number of the steam injection wells is less in factor 0.6. This
difference is a meaningful).

CONCLUSION

P.xccpt the oil price variable the using of F-ITRs for Duri steam flood is interesting.
especially the number of the HTRs can be reduced. It is caused by the using of 7
point pattern.
The pipe length variable is significant to influence the pressure drop. In this case the
present system has an advantage, because the steam generators can be build no far
from the steam injection wells.
The using HTRs heat for Natuna CO2 conversion plant is different as in DSF project.
The influence of the pipe length for Natuna is less than in DSF area, especially if the
CO2 conversion plant is adjacent with the reactor building.

References

[I] PT CPI. Injeksi Uap Duri, 1992

[2] Personal communication, Hari Bustaman & Wahyudi Atmo, PT CPI, June 1995
[3] Personal communication, W. Froehling, KFA Forschungszentrum GmbH, Dec. 1994
[4] Personal communication. Yuliang Sun, AGM in Jakarta, Nov. 1995
[5] KWU, Economic Feasibility Investigation of First HTR-4 Module Co-generation Plant
for Tertiary Oil Recovery from Duri Oil Field, Sumatera, August 1987
[6] S.L.Soo, Thermodynamics of Engineering Science, Prentice Hall Inc.

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