S 000 1310 0001 - 1 - 0010

REFINING MAJOR PROJECTS GENERAL MANAGEMENT
PROJECT: RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PDVSA DOC. No.

SUBPROJECT: GENERAL 3006-5001-FC11601
UNIT: GENERAL (U-00) CONFEED DOC. No.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
DISCIPLINE: CIVIL REV. 1 DATE: 21-10-08
TITLE: DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN DATA FOR CIVIL AND STRUCTURE PAGE 1 OF 47
PDVSA PROJECT NO.: 3006; CONFEED JOB CODE: 0-4675-20-0000
CONFEED PDVSA PDVSA

TOTAL
REV. DATE ISSUE PURPOSE / DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE PREP’D/CHK’D CHECKED APPROVED
PAGES
/APR’D BY BY BY
For Design / Followed as per TM-JY/PD-503,

1 21-10-08 47 N.O./ T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.
TM-IN/PD-5025
0 31-07-08 For Design 47 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.
C 10-04-08 For Approval 47 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.
B 22-02-08 For Review 47 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.
A 28-11-07 For Review / First Issue 48 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.
CONFEED PDVSA CHECKED BY PDVSA APPROVED BY
PREPARED BY: Naoko Okamoto

CHECKED BY: Takashi Tsuruyama SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
APPROVED BY: Kazuaki Osaki
NAME: Jose Castro / S. Sandoval NAME: Humberto Diaz
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT
DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN DATA
FOR
CIVIL AND STRUCTURE

PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
Contents
1 GENERAL ....................................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Scope.............................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2 Application Codes, Standards and Project Specification............................................................. 6
1.3 Language and Units ....................................................................................................................... 7
2 SITE DATA...................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Plant Coordination and Elevation.................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Rainfall............................................................................................................................................ 8
2.3 Wind................................................................................................................................................ 9
2.4 Seismic Condition .......................................................................................................................... 9
3 MATERIAL FOR CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORKS..................................................................... 9
3.1 Concrete ......................................................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Reinforcement.............................................................................................................................. 10
3.3 Structural Steel..............................................................................................................................11
3.4 High Strength Bolt.........................................................................................................................11
3.5 Mild Steel Bolt ...............................................................................................................................11
3.6 Flooring .........................................................................................................................................11
3.7 Welding Electrode .........................................................................................................................11
3.8 Anchor Bolt ...................................................................................................................................11
3.9 Grout............................................................................................................................................. 12
3.10Underground Pipes for Sewer and Drainage System ................................................................. 12
3.11Protective Coating........................................................................................................................ 12
3.12Joint Materials.............................................................................................................................. 12
3.13Water Stop .................................................................................................................................... 13
3.14Roofing and Cladding .................................................................................................................. 13
4 DESIGN LOADS AND FORCES .................................................................................................... 14
4.1 General ......................................................................................................................................... 14
4.2 Dead Loads................................................................................................................................... 14
4.3 Operating Contents (C) ................................................................................................................ 15
4.4 Live Loads (L)............................................................................................................................... 15
4.5 Test Loads (F)............................................................................................................................... 15
4.6 Crane Impact Loads (I)................................................................................................................. 15
4.7 Vibration Loads (V)....................................................................................................................... 16
4.8 Thermal Force (T)......................................................................................................................... 17
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
4.9 Bundle Pulling Force (Bp) ............................................................................................................ 18

4.10Fluid Surge Force (S) ................................................................................................................... 18
4.11Vehicle Loads (R) ......................................................................................................................... 18
4.12Soil and/or Water Pressure (H) .................................................................................................... 18
4.13Wind Loads (W) ............................................................................................................................ 19
4.14Earthquake Loads (E)................................................................................................................... 19
4.15Future Load .................................................................................................................................. 19
5 LOAD COMBINATIONS ................................................................................................................ 20
5.1 General ......................................................................................................................................... 20
5.2 Load Combination........................................................................................................................ 21
5.3 Unfactored Load Combinations for Foundation Stability and Allowable Stress Design........... 22
5.4 Factored Load Combination for Structures and Foundations ................................................... 23
5.5 Combinations ............................................................................................................................... 24
6 ALLOWABLE SOIL BEARING CAPACITY AND STABILITY........................................................ 24
6.1 Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity and Settlement........................................................................ 24
6.2 Factor of Safety for Stability ........................................................................................................ 24
7 REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES .................................................................................. 25
7.1 Design Method ............................................................................................................................. 25
7.2 Minimum Diameter and Spacing of Bars..................................................................................... 25
7.3 Minimum Concrete Cover ............................................................................................................ 25
7.4 Expansion Joint............................................................................................................................ 26
7.5 Liquid Retaining Structures......................................................................................................... 26
8 FOUNDATIONS............................................................................................................................. 26
8.1 Foundation Design....................................................................................................................... 26
8.2 Elevation and Levels.................................................................................................................... 27
8.3 Tank Foundations......................................................................................................................... 27
8.4 On-Paving Foundations ............................................................................................................... 27
8.5 Machinery Foundations ............................................................................................................... 28
8.6 Lean Concrete .............................................................................................................................. 28
8.7 Grouting........................................................................................................................................ 28
8.8 Anchor Bolts................................................................................................................................. 28
9 STEEL STRUCTURES AND SHELTERS ...................................................................................... 29
9.1 Design Method ............................................................................................................................. 29
9.2 Design Strength............................................................................................................................ 30
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
9.3 Structural System......................................................................................................................... 30

9.4 Deflection Limit ............................................................................................................................ 30
9.5 Connections ................................................................................................................................. 31
9.6 Expansion Joints.......................................................................................................................... 32
9.7 Platform, Walkway, Stairway, Ladder and Handrail..................................................................... 32
9.8 Flooring ........................................................................................................................................ 34
9.9 Protective Coating........................................................................................................................ 34
9.10Fireproofing.................................................................................................................................. 34
10 SEWER AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 35
10.1Effluent Categories ...................................................................................................................... 35
10.2Design Method ............................................................................................................................. 36
10.3Material application for Sewer piping.......................................................................................... 39
10.4Drainage Layout ........................................................................................................................... 40
11 ROAD AND PAVING ..................................................................................................................... 43
11.1Road.............................................................................................................................................. 43
11.2Area Paving .................................................................................................................................. 44
12 OTHERS........................................................................................................................................ 44
12.1Tank Dike ...................................................................................................................................... 44
12.2Slope Protection........................................................................................................................... 45
12.3Waterproofing............................................................................................................................... 46
12.4Guardrails and Barriers................................................................................................................ 46
12.5Fence ............................................................................................................................................ 46
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
1 GENERAL
1.1 Scope
This specification covers the detailed design basis of general civil, foundations, structures and
fireproofing for steel structures for RPLC Deep Conversion Project of PDVSA, Puerto La Cruz
Refinery at Puerto La Cruz, Edo. Anzoàtegui, Venezuela.
1.2 Application Codes, Standards and Project Specification

1.2.1 PDVSA Design Engineering Manuals-MID
(1) Volume 18 I/II
1.2.2 COVENIN and Local codes

(1) 1756-01 Edificaciones Sismorresistentes, Partes I y II (Seismic-Resistant Buildings, Part I
and II)
(2) 2003-89 Acciones del Viento sobre las Construcciones (Wind Actions on Constrructions)
(3) INOS, National Institute for Sanitary Works-, currently HIDROVEN
(4) MTC, Ministry for Transport and Communications-, currently Ministerio de Infraestructura,
Infrastructure Ministry
1.2.3 Project Specifications

(1) 3006-5001-FG14001 Basic Engineering Design Data
(2) 3006-5001-FC11602 (S-000-1310-0002) Seismic Design Response Spectrum
(3) 3006-5001-FC11603 (S-000-1310-0003) Seismic Design Criteria for Structures
(4) 3006-5001-FC11604 (S-000-1310-0004) Wind Load Calculation Procedure
(5) 3006-5001-FC11701 (S-000-1316-0101) Design Manual for Underground Facilities
(6) 3006-5001-FC11711 (S-000-1320-0011) Design Specification for Foundations and
Structures for Machinery
(7) 3006-5001-FC11712 (S-000-1320-0012) Design Specification for Storage Tank Foundation
(8) 3006-5001-FC11721 (S-000-1320-0021) Design Manual for Concrete Foundation
(9) 3006-5001-FC11721 (S-000-1325-0001) Seismic Design Procedure of Liquid Containing
Concrete
(10) 3006-5001-FC11722 (S-000-1330-0022) Design Guideline for Precast Concrete Structure
(11) 3006-5001-FC117101 (S-000-1330-0101) Design Guideline for Structure
(12) 3006-5001-FC117102 (S-000-1330-0102) Guideline for Selection of Structure Type
(13) 3006-5001-FM115891 (S-000-13A0-0001) General Specification for Painting and Surface
Preparation
(14) 3006-5001-FM115893 (S-000-13A0-0003) Specification for Coating and Wrapping of
Underground Piping
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(15) 3006-5001-FS11503 (S-000-1241-0003) General Specification for Fireproofing
1.2.4 International Codes and Standards

(1) ACI 318-08 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete
(2) ACI 350-06 Environmental Engineering Concrete Structures
(3) ACI 350.3-06Seismic Design of Liquid-Containing Concrete Structures
(4) ASCE 7-05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
(5) AISC 341-05 Seismic Provisions for Structural Building Code
(6) AISC 360-05 Specification for Structural Building Code
(7) AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, 1993
(8) AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges 17th Edition, 2002
(9) ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
(10) API 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, ELEVENTH EDITION, 2007
(11) AWS American Welding Society,
Structural Welding Code D1.1
Structural Welding Code - Seismic Supplement D1.8
Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding A5.1
(12) PCA Portland Cement Association for Concrete pavement design
(13) PIP STC01015 Structural Design Criteria
(14) PIP STE05121 Anchor Bolt Design Guide
1.3 Language and Units

1.3.1 Language
English shall be used.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
1.3.2 Units
SI unit shall be used. Inch may be used for nominal pipe sizes and bolt diameters.
Measurement SI Unit Metric Unit
Length m, mm -
Diameter m, mm -
Weight (Mass) N, kN kg, ton
Temperature C° -
2 2 2 2
Pressure kPa = kN/m , MPa = N/mm ton/m , kg/mm
3 3
Volume m , mm -
3 3
Density kN/m ton/m
3
Flow m /h, kN/h -
Power kcal/h, KW -
Viscosity cP -
Velocity m/s, km/h m/s, km/h
Time H, min, s -
2 SITE DATA
2.1 Plant Coordination and Elevation
(1) Plant coordination
Plant coordinates system shall be correlated the VENEZUELAN NATIONAL GRID SYSTEM (UTM)
and express as follows (in meters):
RPLC plant grid N.100000.000 = UTM REGVEN grid N.1129916.170
RPLC plant grid E.100000.000 = UTM REGVEN grid E.322822.617
(2) Elevation
The elevation shall be described by “EL+” which is ±0.00m = MSL±0.00m (MSL=Mean Sea Level).
The planned elevation, i.e.high point of concrete paving, for each area shall be referred to
3006-5001-BG21101 (D-000-1225-0001), Overall Plot Plan.
2.2 Rainfall
The design rainfall condition shall be in accordance with “Result of Hydrology study” in
3006-5001-FC30301(T-000-1310-0001) HYDROLOGICAL STUDY REVIEW. The conditions are as
follows:
- Oily water sewer: 10 years recurrence frequency and the rainfall intensity for 60 minutes of
concentration time shall be applied for any concentration time based on the application of
Ponding system.
- Stormwater sewer: 25 years recurrence frequency and minimum 10 minutes of concentration
time
Tct = Tsc + Tt
where,
Tct: Concentration time in minutes.
Tsc: Surface concentration time, shall be minimum 10 minutes.
Tt: Travel time in sewer pipe in minutes
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
- Design maximum 24 hours rainfall by 10 years of recurrence frequency: 78.8mm

- Design maximum 24 hours rainfall by 25 years of recurrence frequency: 91.9mm
- Rainfall intensity: I
Service Recurrence Concentration time - Rainfall intensity (mm/hr)
frequency
5 min 10 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min
Oily 10 years Ponding
water system 64.3
sewer
Storm 25 years Non
water ponding
sewer system 235.5 166.2 136.9 104.9 78.59 63.3
(Note1)
2.3 Wind
The wind load shall be in accordance with COVENIN 2003-89 “Wind Actions on Constructions” and
PDVSA standard 90615.1.012 “Wind Loads on Vertical Self-Supported Vessels”.
- The basic wind velocity: 85 km/h ( 23.6m/sec)
- Type of terrain exposure: C
- Eolic importance Factor (α): 1.00
The design wind load shall be calculated in accordance with 3006-5001-FC11604

(S-000-1310-0004) “Wind Load Calculation procedure”.
2.4 Seismic Condition

Seismic Zone 6 according to COVENIN 1756-1 and 2: 2001
The design seismic load shall be calculated in accordance with 3006-5001-FC11602
(S-000-1310-0002), Seismic Design Response Spectrum and 3006-5001-FC11603
(S-000-1310-0003), Seismic Design Criteria for Structures.
3 MATERIAL FOR CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORKS

3.1 Concrete
(1) Classification
The concrete shall be in accordance with ASTM C94. The specified compressive strength of
concrete, determined by cylinder test at 28 days, shall be as follows:
f’c = 18 N/mm2 (180kg/cm2)(C18) : for lean concrete, filling mass concrete
f’c = 21 N/mm2 (210kg/cm2)(C21) : for general structural concrete, e.g, equipment &
structure foundations, retaining walls, sleepers, culverts,
valve pits, sewer MH & chambers, catch basins, open
ditches, cable ducts, paving
for fireproofing
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
2 2
f’c = 25 N/mm (250kg/cm )(C25) : for elevated structures and their foundations, e.g.,
equipment supporting structure, concrete pipe rack,
for concrete basin, water retention pond
f’c = 28 N/mm2 (280kg/cm2)(C28) : for precast concrete elements of elevated structure
(2) Cement
Cement shall conform to ASTM C150 Type-I.
ASTM C150 Type-II shall be used where concrete is adjacent to seawater, or where the soil
contain medium or high sodium chloride.
(3) Aggregates
Aggregates shall conform to ASTM C33.
The maximum size of coarse aggregate shall be 20mm, unless noted otherwise on the
drawing.
For fireproofing concrete, the maximum size of coarse aggregate shall be 10mm.
(4) Concrete Slump

Unless otherwise specified or permitted, concrete shall have, at the point of delivery, a slump
of 100mm. Determine the slump by ASTM C 143. Slump tolerance shall meet the
requirements of ACI 117. When use of a Type I or II plasticizing admixture conforming to
ASTM C 1017 or when a Type F or G high range water reducing admixture conforming to
ASTM C 494 is permitted to increase the slump of concrete, concrete shall have a slump of
50mm to 100mm before the admixture is added and a maximum slump of 200mm at the point
of delivery after admixture is added unless otherwise specified.
3.2 Reinforcement
(1) Reinforcing steel shall conform to ASTM A615, grade 60 or equivalent.
The actual yield strength based on mill tests does not exceed the specified yield strength by
more than 125 N/mm2. (Retests shall not exceed this value by more than an additional 21
N/mm2.)
The ratio of the actual tensile strength to the actual yield strength is not less than 1.25.
Rebar size shall be selected from the following:
Diameter Area Bar Mass
Bar Size 2
(mm) (mm ) (kg/m)
No.3(3/8”) 9.52 71 0.56
No.4(4/8”) 12.70 129 0.99
No.5(5/8”) 15.88 200 1.55
No.6(6/8”) 19.05 284 2.24
No.7(7/8”) 22.22 387 3.04
No.8( 1” ) 25.40 510 3.97
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No.11(1-3/8”) 35.81 1007 7.91
(2) Welded wire fabric shall conform to ASTM A82/A185, COVENIN 1022 or equivalent.
3.3 Structural Steel

(1) Structural steel (Steel shapes, plates, round bars, flat bars)
ASTM A36, EN10025 S275 JR or equivalent
(2) Structural steel pipe

ASTM A53 Type E or S Gr.B, API 5L Gr.B or equivalent
3.4 High Strength Bolt

ASTM A325, Type 1 (hot dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153)
3.5 Mild Steel Bolt

ASTM A307, Gr.A (hot dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153)
3.6 Flooring
(1) Grating
Floor grating shall be equivalent to the Venezuela manufacturing standard “TYPE G1”, as
described below;
- Bearing bars shall be 25 mm height, 4.8mm thickness and 30 mm pitch.
- Cross bars shall be 5 mm of reinforcing steel bar and 100 mm pitch
- Coating shall be hot dip galvanized according to ASTM A123.
(2) Floor Plate

6mm thickness of checkered plate (galvanized in accordance with ASTM A123)
3.7 Welding Electrode

Electrodes for manual welding shall conform to AWS A5.1, E70 series.
3.8 Anchor Bolt

Anchor bolt material shall conform to the followings.
(1) Bolt : ASTM A307, Grade C
(2) Heavy Hex Nut : ASTM A563, Grade A
(3) Washer : ASTM F436, Type 1
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
(4) Plate : ASTM A36

(5) Coating : All material shall be hot-galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153 Class C.
3.9 Grout
(1) Cement Grout (G1)
28 days minimum compressive strength of 21 N/mm2
Cement grout shall be applied for the following:
- Minor structure
- Minor stationery equipment less than 30 kN
(2) Non-shrink Cement-Based Grout (G2)

Non-shrink cement based grout shall be applied for the following:
- Major steel structure
- Stationery equipment
- Rotating equipment
(3) Non-shrink Epoxy Grout (G3)

Non-shrink epoxy grout shall be applied for the following:
- Where specified by vendor
- Heavy equipment such as reactor, furnace, etc.
3.10 Underground Pipes for Sewer and Drainage System

- Reinforced Concrete Pipe (RCP): ASTM C76, class3 wall B
- Carbon steel pipe (CSP): ASTM A53 Gr.B or API 5L Gr.B
- Chloride Polyvinyl Pipe (CPVC): ASTM D1784 class 23447-A or ASTM F441 sch.80
- Polyvinyl Chloride pipe (PVC): ASTM D3034 type PSM
3.11 Protective Coating

Refer to the following specifications:
3006-5001-FM15891 (S-000-13A0-0001), General Specification for Painting
3006-5001-F15893 (S-000-13A0-0003), Specification for Coating and Wrapping of Underground
Piping
3.12 Joint Materials

Joint filler material shall comply either of ASTM D994, D1751 or D1752.
Joint sealant material shall be mastic bituminous sealant, polyulethane-based elastomeric joint
sealant
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
3.13 Water Stop

Water stop material shall be 100mm width of chloride polyvinyl with center bulb. Minimum tensile
strength shall be 123kg/cm2. Service temperature range shall be -46 C°to +79 C°
3.14 Roofing and Cladding

Roofing and cladding material shall be as follows:
Factory-painted profiled galvanized steel sheets of nominal thickness of 0.6mm or 24 gage,
confirming to G60 (Z180 coating for SI unit) ASTM A653, as a minimum requirement.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
4 DESIGN LOADS AND FORCES

4.1 General
The following loads and forces shall be considered in structural and foundation design:
Loads and Forces Symbol Remarks

Dead Load D
Operation Contents C
Live Load L
Test Fluid F hydro-test fluid
Crane Impact Load I
Vibration Load V
Thermal Force T Ta = thermal anchor, Tf = friction, Ts = sliding
Bundle Pulling Force Bp
Fluid Surge Force S
Vehicle Load R
Soil and/or Water Pressure H
Wind Load W
Earthquake Load E Eh = horizontal, Ev = vertical
4.2 Dead Loads

4.2.1 Unit Weight of Material
(1) Steel: 77.0 kN/m3 (7850 kg/m3)
(2) Plain Concrete: 22.6 kN/m3 (2300 kg/m3)
(3) Reinforced Concrete: 23.5 kN/m3 (2400 kg/m3)
(4) Fresh Water: 9.8 kN/m3 (1000 kg/m3)
(5) Earth: 18.0 kN/m3 (1800 kg/m3)
4.2.2 Type of Dead Load (D)

(1) Self-weight of structure
(2) Accessory weight of structure (ladder, handrail, stair, floor and etc.)
The following loads shall be included
- 0.50kN/m2 (50kg/m2) for process structure floors, to cover pipeline and other miscellaneous
loads
(3) Empty piping including insulation (not applied to Erection condition)
(4) Empty equipment
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
- 10% weight of the empty equipment shall be considered as the weight of the attached
pipeline
4.3 Operating Contents (C)

Operating contents are fluid of equipment and piping during normal operation.
4.4 Live Loads (L)

Live load shall be referred to the table below.
Note 1
Occupancy Use Load Load Remark
2
Floors, platforms, walkways and staircases 5.0kN/m 7.5kN
Note 2
used for operational/maintenance purposes 500kg/m
2
(750kg)
floors, platforms, walkways and staircases used 2.5kN/m2 3.0kN

for access only 250kg/m2 (300kg)
2
7.5kN/ m -
Warehouse 2
750kg/ m
0.5kN/m 0.9kN
Handrails
(50kg/m) (90kg)
Note 1 : Whichever is the more unfavorable for the structural elements shall be taken.
Note 2 : This load may be reduced to 50% in calculations for main frames of structure where flooring
is essentially an access system.
Live load may be reduced in accordance with ASCE 7-05, clause 4.8.
4.5 Test Loads (F)

Foundations and Structures, which support piping and/or equipment subject to hydrostatic test at
site, shall be designed to stand for the dead load plus full hydro-test fluid load.
When more than one pipe is supported on the same piperack or sleeper, the hydrostatic test shall be
considered to be conducted separately for a single piece of pipe at one time.
Equipment structures that support more than one vessel shall be assumed to take a hydrostatic test
for one vessel at one time if hydrostatic test is required.
4.6 Crane Impact Loads (I)

For the calculation of design loads in structures subject to loads in movement, the corresponding
crane impact load for each case must be considered.
The crane impact load shall be considered as a percentage of the load on movement and the
corresponding case shall be applied according to:
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
When the equipment manufacturer specifies loads higher to the ones mentioned, these should be
used in the design.
For cranes and material handling equipment, the maximum handling capacity shall be used as live
load.
o Effects generated by cranes.
In the crane support beams the maximum loads on the wheels shall be considered as the
overloads.
The maximum wheel load shall be the wheel loads produced by the weight of the bridge as
applicable, plus the sum of the rated capacity and the weight of the trolley with the trolley
positioned on its runway at the location where the resulting load effect is maximum.
a. Vertical load
Monorail cranes (powered) and Cab-operated or remotely operated bridge
cranes (powered): 25% of the maximum wheel load
Pendant-operated bridge cranes (powered): 10% of the maximum wheel load
Bridge cranes or monorail cranes with hand-geared bridge, trolley, and hoist:
0% of the maximum wheel load
Jibs and beams that function as support points for hooks:

33% of the maximum wheel load
b. Lateral load.
The lateral force on crane runway beams with electrically powered trolleys:
20 % of the sum of the rated capacity of the crane and the weight of the hoist
and trolley.
The lateral force shall be assumed to act horizontally at the traction surface of
a runway beam, in either direction perpendicular to the beam, and shall be
distributed with due regard to the lateral stiffness of the runway beam and
supporting structure
c. Longitudinal load.
The longitudinal force on crane runway beams, except for bridge cranes with
hand-geared bridges: 10 % of the maximum wheel load
The longitudinal force shall be assumed to act horizontally at the traction

surface of a runway beam in either direction parallel to the beam.
4.7 Vibration Loads (V)

The load generated by vibrations in equipment and machinery or by movement of fluids in pipelines
and equipment shall be considered.
Foundations for rotating or reciprocating machinery shall be designed in accordance with
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
3006-5001-FC11711 (S-000-1320-0011), Design Specification for Foundations and Structures

Supporting Machinery.
4.8 Thermal Force (T)

4.8.1 Thermal Anchoring Force including Guide Force (T a)
Piperacks and sleepers shall be designed for thermal anchor forced due to fixed piping, air cooler,
etc. Locations and forces shall be determined by Piping Engineer.
Thermal anchor and guide loads shall be combined with wind or earthquake load.
4.8.2 Thermal Friction Force (T f, T s)

Thermal friction forces, Tf for piping against their supports and Ts for equipment slide saddles
against sliding plates, shall be considered in the structural and foundation design.
(1) for design of a whole structure

If a piperack or a structure supports more than 3 pipes, the whole piperack or structure, including
their beams, bracings, columns and foundations, shall be designed considering 5% of the sum of
piping operation weight as friction forces.
If a pipe support, a structure, or a pipe stanchion supports 3 pipes or less, 30% of the sum of two
heaviest pipes shall be considered as friction forces, which apply to local beams and to the whole
support, structure or stanchion as well as their foundations.
(2) for design of local beams

The following formula shall be used for calculation of thermal friction force on a beam.
μ⋅
T f =W ⋅ α
where:
W: total operational load of the pipes
μ: friction coefficient
α: coefficient that depends on the number of pipes
Number of pipes on a beam α
1~3 1.0
4~6 0.67
7 or more 0.33
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
The friction coefficient (μ) to be used for pipe supports, sliding bearing, horizontal vessels or
exchanger should not exceed:
Condition μ
Steel to concrete 0.55
Steel to steel 0.3
Teflon to steel
0.1
(bearing pressure shall be greater than 0.14 N/mm2)
Thermal friction forces shall not be combined with wind or earthquake load.
4.9 Bundle Pulling Force (Bp)

The bundle pulling force (including impact force) shall be the largest of the followings,
- 86 % of bundle weight
(= bundle weight x friction coefficient of 0.57 x impact factor of 1.5)
- 900kg
- Specified load by equipment manufacturer
Working point shall be at the center of the tube bundle.
The shear force due to bundle pulling shall be assumed to be transmitted through the fixed shell
support.
Where there is more than one bundle, the bundle pulling events shall not be considered
simultaneously on a single structure or a single foundation.
4.10 Fluid Surge Force (S)

Fluid surge loads are forces due to surging action of liquids or fluidized solids in process equipment
or piping, and shall be determined by Piping Engineer.
4.11 Vehicle Loads (R)

The moving loads of vehicles shall be designated as HS-20+20% (AASHTO standards).
Special loads such as crane and heavy equipment for erection shall be considered separately.
For pavement design, transit frequency, vehicle type and a 20-year useful life of the plant with
minimum maintenance shall be taken into account.
4.12 Soil and/or Water Pressure (H)

The pressure exerted by soil and water on foundations and structures shall be considered where
applicable. The values shall be reviewed after obtaining the soil data by geotechnical investigation.
Parameters of soil pressure coefficients shall be assumed to be as follows:

(1) Active soil pressure coefficient,
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
2
Ka = tan (45゜ - φ/2) = 0.33 （φ=30°）
(2) Passive soil pressure coefficient,
Kp = tan2(45゜ + φ/2) = 3（φ=30°）
(3) “At rest” passive,
Ko = 0.5
(4) Friction Coeficient with concrete
α= 0.5
4.13 Wind Loads (W)

Wind load shall be in accordance with 3006-5001-FC11604 (S-000-1310-0004), Wind Load
Calculation Procedure.
4.14 Earthquake Loads (E)

Earthquake load shall be in accordance with 3006-5001-FC11603 (S-000-1310-003), Seismic
Design Criteria for Structures.
The seismic load effect, E, shall be determined in accordance with ASCE 7-05 Eq.12.4-1.
Seismic load effect: E =E h ±Ev
⎧Eh +Ev
E =⎨ (for foundation stability check only, as per AISC7-05 12.4.2.2)
E
⎩h
where,
E = seismic load effect
Eh = effect of horizontal seismic forces
Ev = effect of vertical seismic forces
“+Ev” is vertical earthquake load in downward direction, while “-Ev” is vertical earthquake load in
upward direction.
Both horizontal and vertical earthquake loads shall be considered, in both allowable stress design
for steel structures, and strength design for concrete structures and foundations, for selection of
members and stability check of foundations.
4.15 Future Load

Future load shall be considered where future space for piping is required.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
5 LOAD COMBINATIONS
5.1 General
Structures and foundations shall resist the effects of individual loads or loading combinations to
which they may be subject to, during and immediately following erection, during shut-down when
equipment is empty, during testing of equipment and piping, and operation.
Load and resistance factor design (LRFD) shall be used for structural steel, applying load
combinations specified in this chapter.
The ultimate strength design shall be used for concrete structures and foundations, applying load
combinations specified in Sec.5.4.
The following load conditions shall be taken into considerations.
Table-3 Load Conditions
A: Operation
A1, A2 Operation
A3, A5, A7 Operation with wind
A4, A6, A8 Operation with earthquake
B: Test
B1 Test
B2 Test with 50% live load
B3 Test with 33.3% wind
C: Erection / Empty
C1 Erection with wind
C2 Erection with earthquake
C3 Erection with buoyancy
D: Bundle Pulling
D1 Maintenance
E: Abnormal Operation
E1 Abnormal load, start-up or shut-down
F: Vehicle (for Culverts and Bridges)
F1 Vehicle load
G: Deflection
G1 Vertical Deflection
G2 Horizontal Drift
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
5.2 Load Combination

Based on Table 3, Table-4 summarizes the load combinations.
Table-4 Load Combination (X = Applicable)
Load Combinations “LC”
Operation Test Erection Ab-

Load Description
Mainte normal
with with with with with with with with with with with nance Ope- Vehicle
normal normal earth- earth- earth- live earthq buoya ration
wind wind wind wind wind
quake quake quake load uake ncy
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3 D1 E1 F1
X X
Dead Load D X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
(6*) (6*)
Content Load C X X X X X X X X X X
X X X
Live Load L X X (2*) X(3*) X X
(2*,5*) (3*,5*) (50%)
Test Fluid F X X X
Impact Load
I X X
(Crane)
Vibration
V X X X X X X
Load
T
Thermal Load X X X X X X X X X
(4*)
Bundle
Bp X
Pulling Force
Fluid Surge S X X X X X X X X X
Vehicle Load R X
Soil/Water
H X X(5*) X(5*) X X X X X X X
Pressure
X
Wind Load W X(2*) X(2*) X(2*) X
(33.3%)
Earthquake E
X (3*) X (3*) X (3*) X
Load (1*)
(1*): Earthquake load shall be multiplied by 0.7 when used in allowable stress design.
(2*): For allowable stress design, when live load is combined with wind load, factor 0.75 applies to
both live and wind loads.
(3*): For allowable stress design, when live load is combined with earthquake load, factor 0.75
applies to both live and earthquake loads.
(4*): Thermal anchor and guide loads shall be combined with wind or earthquake load, while
thermal friction load shall not be combined with wind or earthquake load.
(5*): For allowable stress design, those loads shall considered.
(6*): Dead load (D) shall be divided into the weight of concrete foundation and soil weight (Df) and
other weight (Ds).
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
5.3 Unfactored Load Combinations for Foundation Stability and Allowable Stress Design
For foundation stabilities, the following load combinations at various conditions shall be taken into
account.
A). normal operation

(LC.A1) D+C+S+T
(LC.A2) D+C+S+T+V+I+L+H
(LC.A3) D+C+S+T+V+W+H
(LC.A4) D + C + S + T + V + 0.70 E + H
(LC.A5) D + C + S + T + V + 0.75 (L + W) + H
(LC.A6) D + C + S + T + V + 0.75 (L + 0.70 E) + H
(LC.A7) 0.6(Ds + C) + Df + S + T + W
(LC.A8) 0.6(Ds + C) + Df + S + T + 0.7 E
B). test
(LC.B1) D+F
(LC.B2) D + F + 0.5 L
(LC.B3) D + F + 0.33 W
C). erection
(LC.C1) D+W
(LC.C2) D + 0.7 E
(LC.C3) D + H (buoyancy)
D). bundle pulling

(LC.D1) D + L + I + Bp
E). abnormal operations

(LC.E1) D+C+S+T+V+L
F). vehicle
(LC.F1) D+C+R+H
G). Deflection
(LC.G1) D+C+S+T+L
(LC.G2) D + C + S + T + 0.5L + 0.7W
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
5.4 Factored Load Combination for Structures and Foundations

For LRFD of steel structures, strength design of concrete structures and foundations, the following
load combinations shall be taken into account.
A). normal operation

(LC.A1) 1.4 (D + C) + 1.4 (S + T)
(LC.A2) 1.2 (D + C) + 1.2 (S + T) + 1.6 V + 1.6 L + 1.6 I + 1.6 H
(LC.A3) 1.2 (D + C) + 1.2 (S + T) + 1.0 V + 1.0 L + 1.3 W
(LC.A4) 1.2 (D + C) + 1.2 (S + T) + 1.0 V + 1.0 L + 1.0 E
(LC.A5) 0.9 (D + C) + 1.2 (S + T) + 1.0 V + 1.3 W
(LC.A6) 0.9 (D + C) + 1.2 (S + T) + 1.0 V + 1.0 E
B). test
(LC.B1) 1.4 (D + F)
(LC.B2) 1.2 (D + F) + 1.6 * 0.5 L
(LC.B3) 1.2 (D + F) + 1.3 * 0.33 W
C). erection
(LC.C1) 0.9 D + 1.3 W
(LC.C2) 0.9 D + 1.0 E
(LC.C3) 0.9 D + 1.6 H (buoyancy)
D). bundle pulling

(LC.D1) 1.2 D + 1.0 L +1.6 I + 1.6 Bp
E). abnormal operation

(LC.E1) 1.2 (D + C) + 1.2 (S + T) + 1.0 V + 1.6 L
F). vehicle
(LC.F1) 1.2 (D + C) + 1.0 H + 1.6 R
G). Deflection
(LC.G1) 1.0D +1.0 C +1.0 S + 1.0 T + 1.0 L
(LC.G2) 1.0 D + 1.0 C + 1.0 S + 1.0 T + 0.5L + 0.7W
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
5.5 Combinations
Load combinations for each structures and foundations are summarized as below.
Unfactored Factored
Load Combinations Load Combinations
Item
for foundation stability for structure and foundation
and Allowable Stress Design
Foundations for Vertical vessels, columns and A2 ~ A8, B2, B3, C1 A1 ~ A6, B1 ~ B3, C1
furnace
Foundations for Horizontal heat exchanger and A2 ~ A8, B2, B3, C1, D1 A1 ~ A6, B1 ~ B3, C1, C2,
vessels D1, D2
Steel and RC structures and foundations A2 ~ A8, B2, B3, C1, D1, E1, A1 ~ A6, B1 ~ B3, C1, D1,
G1, G2 D2, E1, G1, G2
Foundations for Vibrating machinery A2, A4, A6, E1 A1, A2, A4, E1
Pipe sleepers A2, A4, B1 A1, A4, B1
Pits, ponds and retaining walls A4, A4, C3 A1, A2, A4, C3
Concrete bridges and culverts A2, A4, F1 A1, A2, A4, F1
6 ALLOWABLE SOIL BEARING CAPACITY AND STABILITY

6.1 Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity and Settlement
Soil stability shall be assured specially for shear and/or slides or expected differential settlement.
Within the limits of a process unit, the maximum settlement allowed is 25mm for spread footings and
6mm for piled foundations.
For flat-bottom storage tanks, anticipated settlements are to be provided for piping group. Large
settlement shall be considered in foundation design.
The allowable soil bearing capacity can be increased by one-third for load combinations that include
wind or seismic forces.
6.2 Factor of Safety for Stability

Foundation stability shall be verified for the acting service loads.
Safety Factor for foundations shall be equal to or greater than the following:
- Overturning 1.5 (1.0 )note A
note A
- Sliding 1.5 (1.0 )
(Note A) The factor 1.0 shown on the above is only applied to the load combination of LC A7 & A8
specified in Section 5.3.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
The passive resistance of the soil shall not be taken into account when verifying stability, but the
weight of the fill on the footing may be considered.
For gravity retaining walls the minimum safety factor for overturning and sliding may be 1.5 under
lateral thrust of the fill (without considering the passive resistance of the soil ahead of the wall).
The factor of safety against uplift, calculated as the sum of dead load, the weight of the foundation
and backfill divided by the total uplift force, shall be equal to or greater than 1.5.
The effect of buoyancy shall be considered when the water table is above the underside of the
foundation and when there is the possibility of a “perched water table” in impermeable soils. The
factor of safety against buoyancy during operating condition shall be equal to or greater than 1.2.
Careful consideration shall be given to the likely methods of dewatering and construction.
The factor of safety against buoyancy of concrete pits channels, underground pipes etc, in an empty
condition shall be equal to or greater than 1.05.
7 REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

7.1 Design Method
The design for reinforced concrete structures shall be in accordance with ACI 318-08 and additional
requirement in this specification.
7.2 Minimum Diameter and Spacing of Bars

Minimum bar size shall be as follows:
- Flexural main reinforcement except the following = No.4
- Footing bottom bar = No.5
- Shear reinforcement = No.3
Spacing of bars shall be in accordance with ACI 318-08.
7.3 Minimum Concrete Cover

Minimum concrete cover to all rebars in reinforced concrete shall be as follows:
a) Cast-in-place concrete (non pre-stressed)
- Exposed to marine environment : 75 mm
- Cast against and permanently exposed to earth : 75 mm
- Exposed to earth, weather or water : 50 mm
- Not exposed to weather or not in contact with ground : 40 mm
b) Pre-cast concrete (manufactured under plant conditions)

- Exposed to earth, weather or water
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
wall panels : 40 mm
other members : 50 mm
- Not exposed to weather or not in contact with the ground
wall panels, slabs : 30 mm
other members : 40 mm
7.4 Expansion Joint

Expansion joints for beam-column RC/PC frame structures/piperack shall be provided at not more
than 60 m interval.
7.5 Liquid Retaining Structures

All liquid retaining structures shall be designed in accordance with ACI 350R.
All anchor bolts, inserts and appurtenances shall be hot-dip galvanized.
8 FOUNDATIONS
8.1 Foundation Design
The minimum dimension of footing shall be 1.0m for each side except for minor foundation such as
platform foundation, pipe support foundation etc.
The minimum thickness of footing shall be 300mm.
The minimum width of pedestal shall be 200mm
The steel area of the pedestal except for octagonal pedestal shall be determined by calculation and
shall not be less than 1% of its sections.
For vertical vessel pedestals where the section is excessive larger on stress requirement, the total
tension strength of rebars shall not be less than that of total anchor bolts.
Grade beams (foundation ties) shall have a design strength in tension, compression and moment at
least 10% of maximum load at the base of column.
8.1.1 Horizontal Vessels

The minimum pedestal dimension shall be equipment saddle plus min. 100mm to each side of it.
The minimum footing dimension shall be pedestal dimension plus min. 150mm.
8.1.2 Towers and Vertical Vessels

The following criteria shall be considered in the selection of the footing geometry:
Footing type
- For footing diameter ≧ 2.10m an octagonal section
- For footing diameter < 2.10m a square section shall be used.
Pedestal type
- For pedestal diameter ≧ 1.25m an octagonal section
- For pedestal diameter < 1.25m a square section shall be used.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
In case of w/o footing, the type shall be decided by the pedestal size.
Design Manual for Concrete Foundation 3006-5001-FC11721 (S-000-1320-0021) shall be referred
for the criteria of the pedestal and footing dimensions calculation.
8.2 Elevation and Levels

Minimum elevation of foundation shall be as follows:
Subject Minimum Height Refer to

Steel structures
- outside of building 300mm above H.P.F.S Bottom of base plate
- inside of building and 150mm above floor level
building column
Vibrating equipment 150mm above H.P.F.S Bottom of base plate
Storage tank Refer to 3006-5001-FC11712 Bottom of tank
(S-000-1320-0012)
Other equipment Bottom of base plate
- outside of building 300mm above H.P.F.S
- inside of building 150mm above floor level
Sleeper 300mm above H.P.F.S Bottom of pipe
Ladder 100mm above H.P.F.S Top of concrete
Exterior stair 100mm above H.P.F.S
Building floor 200mm above H.P.F.S
The minimum depth of foundation shall be 1000 mm from the High Point Finishing Surface (H.P.F.S).
For minor foundation such as for miscellaneous pipe supports and equipment, and sleepers,
minimum depth shall be 600 mm from the H.P.F.S.
8.3 Tank Foundations

The design of tank foundations shall be based on the advice and design parameters given in the
Geotechnical report which takes into account of the size of the tanks, the ground conditions and
tolerable settlements.
Tank foundation shall be designed in accordance with the 3006-5001-FC11712 (S-000-1320-0012),
Design Specification for Storage Tank Foundation.
8.4 On-Paving Foundations

Foundations for small pumps and minor stationery equipment less than 1200kg in weight, staircases,
platforms and pipe supports, etc. may be placed on reinforced concrete slabs or paving, provided
that they are properly connected to the slabs or paving by concrete anchors “HILTI” or equivalent.
Cable trench locations are to be avoided. If required, slabs or paving shall be strengthened locally.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
8.5 Machinery Foundations

Support structures and foundations for rotating or reciprocating machinery shall be designed in
accordance with 3006-5001-FC11711 (S-000-1320-0011), Design Specification for Foundations
and Structures for Machinery.
8.6 Lean Concrete

A 50 mm layer of concrete C18 shall be placed below foundations. Lean concrete shall extend 100
mm beyond plan dimensions of foundation to allow sufficient room to install formwork.
8.7 Grouting
Grout shall be a nominal thickness of 25mm with a minimum thickness of 12mm in order to avoid
feather edging.
8.8 Anchor Bolts

Anchor bolts shall be designed in accordance with ACI 318-08. Tension, shear and a combination of
tension and shear shall be considered.
Maximum allowable strength of bolt shall be as follows:
• Maximum allowable tensile strength = 1530 kg/cm2 (150N/mm2)
• Maximum allowable shear strength = 795 kg/cm2 (77.9N/mm2)
Increasing of material strength for wind or earthquake condition is not allowed.

For shear resistance, friction force between base plates and grouts or concrete may be considered.
The details and the allowable strength of each bolt size shall be referred to 3006-5001-FC23306
(D-000-1320-0006) Standard Details for Anchor Bolts.
8.8.1 Selection of Anchor Bolt Types

There are four types of anchor bolts as follows. The details of type (1) to (3) are shown on
3006-5001-FC23306 (D-000-1320-0006), Standard Details for Anchor Bolts.
(1) Type E1
Type E1 anchor bolts shall be used for all plant equipment, steel structures, platforms, etc.
(2) Type E2
Type E2 anchor bolts shall be used for the equipment required long projection.
(3) Type SI
Type SI anchor bolt shall be used only for equipment or for miscellaneous steel items in case of
tension and shear load are negligible compared with bolt strength.
(4) Post-installed anchor

Mechanical and chemical (resin) anchor may be used as an alternative to Type E1, E2 and SI.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
Mechanical anchor shall be HILTI KWIK BOLT, HILTI Drop-in Anchor or equivalent.
8.8.2 Bolt Diameter

Minimum bolt size shall be 3/4 inch diameter except ladders, stairs and where smaller size is
required for equipment.
8.8.3 Pedestal Edge Distance

Minimum distance from the center line of bolt to edge of concrete pedestal shall be 4 times of anchor
bolt diameter, minimum 110 mm and minimum 150 mm for machinery foundation.
8.8.4 Minimum Spacing of Anchor Bolts

Minimum spacing of anchor bolts shall be 4 times of anchor bolt diameter.
8.8.5 Bolt with a Washer and Two Nuts

One washer and two nuts for anchor bolts shall be used in general, however, one washer and one
nut may be allowed to the minor equipment supplied by vendor.
9 STEEL STRUCTURES AND SHELTERS

9.1 Design Method
Steel structural frames, members and connections details shall be designed in accordance with
ANSI/AISC 360-05, Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD).
Seismic design shall also refer to ANSI/AISC 341-05, Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel
Buildings.
Direct Analysis Method to AISC 360-05 Appendix 7 shall be used for LRFD of steel structures with
the following requirements.
a). Notional loads shall be included at each level.
Ni = 0.003 Yi
where Yi is the gravity load at level i, with the same load factors of gravity loads, in all load
combinations.
b). Notional load shall be applied independently in two orthogonal directions
c). Effective length factor K for compression members shall be equal to unity.
K = 1.0
d). Reduced flexural stiffness (E I*) shall be used for all members whose flexural stiffness contribute
to lateral stability of the structure.
EI* = 0.80 E I
Where,
E = Young Modulus (N/mm2) specified on Sec.9.2.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
I = moment of inertia about the axis of bending (mm4).

e). Reduced axial stiffness (E A*) shall be used for members whose axial stiffness contribute to the
lateral stability of the structure.
E A* = 0.8 E A
Where,
A = cross sectional area (mm2).
9.2 Design Strength

Specified minimum strength for structural steel (Steel shapes, plates, round bars, flat bars) shall be
as follows:
• Specified minimum yield strength, Fy :250N/mm2 (26kg/mm2)
• Specified minimum tensile strength, Fu :400N/mm2 (41kg/mm2)
• Young Modulus, E :200,000N/mm2 (21,000kg/mm2)
Specified minimum strength for structural steel pipe shall be as follows
• Specified minimum yield strength, Fy :240N/mm2 (25kg/mm2)
• Specified minimum tensile strength, Fu :415N/mm2 (42kg/mm2)
• Young Modulus, E :200,000N/mm2 (21,000kg/mm2)
9.3 Structural System

The following structure systems according to TABLE 4.1 of 3006-5001-FC11603
(S-000-1310-0003), Seismic Design Criteria for Structures, should be used, unless otherwise
specified:
(1) Building system (Braced Fame)
• Ordinary steel concentrically braced frames (OCBF) with unlimited height in accordance
with AISC360-05.
(2) Moment-resisting frame system
• Steel Ordinary moment frames (OMF) in accordance with AISC341-05.
For moment-resisting frames of minor structures and structures over the height limitation as shown
on TABLE 4.1 of 3006-5001-FC11603 (S-000-1310-0003), Seismic Design Criteria for Structures,
OMF with unlimited height which shall be designed in accordance with AISC 360-05 may be used.
9.4 Deflection Limit

9.4.1 Deflection of Beams
Floor member : L/360
Floor canti member : L/200
Roof member : L/240
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
Pipe supporting member : The lesser of L/360 or 25mm

Equipment supporting member : The lesser of L/360, 25mm or vender’s recommendation
Trolley beam : L/360
Crane by electrically powered : The lesser of L/600 or vendor’s recommendation
Other beams : L/200
Above criteria for deflection shall be checked for LC.G1.
9.4.2 Horizontal Drift

Allowable wind drift limits for structures shall not exceed H/200. (H = the height of structures).
Above criteria for horizontal drift shall be checked for LC.G2.
Allowable seismic drift limit shall be in accordance with Section 4.7 of 3006-5001-FC11603
(S-000-1310-0003), Seismic Design Criteria for Structures.
9.5 Connections
Generally, field connection shall be bolted connection.
9.5.1 Bolted Connections

The minimum bolt size for connections shall be follows, unless otherwise specified.
• Main and secondary members : High Strength Bolt 3/4 inch
The minimum number of bolts on either side of a connection or splice shall be 2 bolts.
Bolts for SLRS shall be pretensioned high strength bolts and shall meet the requirements for slip
critical faying surfaces in accordance with AISC360-05 J3.8 with a Class A surfaces.
The faying surfaces for end plate moment connections are permitted to be coated with coatings not
tested for slip resistance, or with coatings with a slip coefficient less than that of a Class A faying
surface.
Pretensioned joints shall also be provided for the following connections (Those pretensioned joints
do not require surface treatment of Class A):
(1) Column splices in all multi-story structures over 38m in height
(2) Connections of all beams and girders to columns and any other beams and girders on
which the bracing of columns is dependent in structures over 38m in height
(3) In all structures carrying cranes of over 50kN (5 ton) capacity: roof truss splices and
connections of trusses to columns, column splices, column bracing, knee braces, and crane
supports.
(4) Connections for the support of machinery and other live loads that produce impact or
reversal of load.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
Nominal strength of high strength bolts shall be as follows:

• Nominal Tensile Strength, Fnt : 620 N/mm2 (63 kg/ mm2)
Fnt (LRFD) : 465 N/mm2 (47 kg/ mm2)
Fnt (ASD) : 310 N/mm2 (32 kg/ mm2)
• Nominal Shear Strength when threads are not excluded from shear planes
in bearing type,
Fnv : 330N/mm2 (34 kg/ mm2)
Fnv (LRFD) : 247 N/mm2 (25 kg/ mm2)
Fnv (ASD) : 165 N/mm2 (17 kg/ mm2)
Nominal strength of mild steel bolts shall be as follows:
• Nominal Tensile Strength, Fnt : 310 N/mm2 (32 kg/ mm2)
Fnt (ASD) : 155 N/mm2 (16 kg/ mm2)
• Nominal Shear Strength in bearing type, Fnv : 165 N/mm2 (17 kg/ mm2)
Fnt (ASD) : 82 N/mm2 (8.4 kg/ mm2)
9.5.2 Welded Connections

Generally, welded connection shall be shop welded.
Nominal strength of the weld metal shall be as follows:
• Nominal tensile strength of the weld metal , Fw : 480N/mm2 (49kg/ mm2)
For groove weld, 0.9 of base metal strength shall be considered as shear stress in the effective area.
For fillet weld, the lesser of 0.9 of base metal strength or 0.8 of fillet weld strength shall be
considered as shear stress in the effective area.
All welds for SLRS shall be in accordance with AWS D1.8 in addition to AWS D1.1.
9.6 Expansion Joints

The intervals of expansion joint shall not be more than 60 m. The locations of the expansion joints
shall be carefully determined and shall not interfere with air fan cooler supports on the top of pipe
racks.
9.7 Platform, Walkway, Stairway, Ladder and Handrail

9.7.1 Platform and walkway
Minimum dimensions of platform and walkway shall be:
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
• Width of connecting walkways and access platform: 750mm

• Width of platform in front of manholes: 900mm
• Headroom for platform and walkway: 2250mm
9.7.2 Stairway
Dimensions of stairway shall be:
• Width of stairway: 750 mm
• Minimum headroom for stairway : 2100mm
• Vertical run for a single flight of stairs: maximum 4500mm,
• however, the height preferably should not exceed approx. 3700mm.
The details shall refer to drawing 3006-5001-FC23403, 04 (D-000-1330-0003, 04), Standard Details
for Stairway, Stairway Handrail.
9.7.3 Ladder
The type of ladder is two types, side step access and step through access.
The side step access shall be used, unless otherwise shown on the drawing.
Dimensions of ladder shall be:
• Maximum run of ladder: 9000mm
• Headroom for ladder: 2400mm otherwise noted in design drawing
Ladder cage shall be provided when grade/platform to platform is more than 2400mm.
Railing extension is required for all ladders 4000mm or more above grade where distance to railing
is 1200mm or less.
Swing gates are required at all ladder access opening in railing.
The details shall refer the drawing 3006-5001-FC23407, 08 (D-000-1330-0007, 08), Standard
Details for Ladder.
9.7.4 Handrail
Handrail height on stairs shall be 1050 taken from the center of the stair tread surface.
Handrail shall be provided to all around of platform or walkways when top of floor plate is higher than
750mm above grade.
Handrail shall be provided to one side of plat form or walkways when top of floor plate is not higher
than 750mm above grade.
Removable handrails shall be provided where necessary to permit removable of an exchanger
bundle.
Details for Handrail.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
9.8 Flooring
Flooring material shall be grating, unless otherwise shown on the drawings.
The checkered plate flooring may be used where required.
Details for Grating Floor, Floor Plate and Joist.
9.9 Protective Coating

All structural steel shall be galvanized as follows:
Main steel structure, stairway, ladder, handrail flooring, bolts
Ladder cages and handrail for stairway shall be painted in addition to galvanizing.
Refer to 3006-5001-FM15893 (S-000-13A0-0001), General Specification for Painting.
9.10 Fireproofing
The method and extent of fireproofing of the structures or parts thereof shall be in accordance with
3006-5001-FS11503 (S-000-1241-0003), General Specification for Fireproofing.
Refer to 3006-5001-FC234151 to FC234156 (D-000-1330-0151 to 0156), Standard Details for Fire
Proofing and Extent of Fireproofing for Steel Structures.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
10 SEWER AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM

10.1 Effluent Categories
10.1.1 STS: Storm water sewer
The following streams are considered in this type:
• Rain water coming from non-developed areas inside the battery limits of the storage yard and
process plant areas.
• Rain water, fire water of the offices and areas free of contamination
• Rain water coming from parking lots and roadways where no contaminating spills will take place
• Rain water coming from roofs of building
• Rain or firefighting water coming from the tank farms showing a degree of contamination below
the one permitted by the MINAMB standards, by performing the test in each tank farm if the
water can flow to the Storm sewer system or to the Oily water sewer system.
This stream is discharged to the existing drainage creek and shall be provided retention pond if the
flow capacity is not enough to the flow volume.
10.1.2 OD: Oily water sewer

The following streams are considered in this type:
• Water coming from the washing of contaminated areas (Pumping Station)
• Drainage from the bottom of tanks controlled by means of a valve
• Flushing of equipment that handle hydrocarbons, such as pumps and others.
• Water coming from process areas, collection areas, separation and treatment areas,
compression infrastructure, crude storage areas, etc
• Rain or firefighting water coming from the tank farms showing a degree of contamination above
the one permitted by the MINAMB standards, by performing the test in each tank farm if the
water can flow to the Storm sewer system or to the Oily water sewer system. This water shall be
controlled by dual valve collection boxes located in the external area of each tank dike.
This stream is connected to Surge tank and pumped to the Waste water treatment facility.
10.1.3 CS: Chemical sewer such as acid and caustic drain

Within this classification are considered rain or fire-fighting water, normally contaminated with
chemical products coming from the chemical storage sites, as well as spill or effluent waters coming
from areas where these types of products are handled such as acid and caustic waste and others,
whose discharge into the sanitary drains and other sewers of the plant is not allowed.
10.1.4 SWW: Sanitary sewer

This system shall transport sewage coming from the sanitary facilities in the buildings to the sewage
water treatment plant. Isolated or intermittently manned buildings with sanitary facilities shall be
provided with septic tanks that will be regularly emptied by mean of vacuum truck. In any case, the
project shall meet the minimum requirements of the standards established in Official Gazette No.
4,044 – Extraordinary and the PDVSA Engineering Specifications PA-204-PT.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
10.2 Design Method

10.2.1 Sewer design capacity
(1) Unconfined area other than tank firm
(1.1) Sewer design capacity
The design flow shall be the highest of the following combinations:
QP (Process water) + QRW (Rain water)
QP (Process water) + 0.70 QFW (Firewater)
(1.2) Rainwater (QRW)

Rainwater flow shall be designed using the following formula
Q = C x I x A (m3/h).
where,
C = Runoff coefficient,
Asphalt and concrete paved areas: C = 0.95
Building and tank roof: C = 0.95
Unpaved areas: C = 0.50
Gravel paved area: C = 0.50
Outside plant which is not constructed: C = 0.45 (Note)
(Note) The coefficient is as the represented value. The appropriate value shall be taken from
the section 3.4 of 3006-5001-FC-30301 (T-000-1310-0001), Hydrological Study
Review depending upon the surface condition such as vegetation and topography.
I = Rainfall intensity (m/h)
A = Drainage area (m2).
(1.3) Firewater (QFW)

The flow generated by a firefighting event shall be estimated according to the PDVSA
Standards. In process areas it shall be calculated as follows:
The minimum flow to use for pipelines originating from catch basin (sublateral pipelines) shall
be at least 114 m3/h.
For each lateral pipeline the contribution from connected sumps and / or sublateral pipelines
shall be added.
The maximum flow in the main pipelines shall be the maximum flow accumulated by the
contributing lateral pipelines.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
The flow coming from the fire-fighting system shall be calculated according to the allotment of
fire water selected by the mechanical discipline.
(1.4) Process water (QP)

The discharges of normally hydrocarbon contaminated areas as well as spills produced in
areas where this type of products are handled shall be considered. Process water originates
from the drainage of:
• Process areas (separation and treatment, compression infrastructure, crude oil storage
and dispatch, etc.)
• Tank bottoms
• Equipment purges and flushing.
• Other areas with equipment that handle hydrocarbons.
• The drainage flow from tank bottoms shall be estimated based on the crude oil stored and
as a function of its water content rate. The design shall consider the total daily drainage
flow of the tanks
(2) Tank farm

The discharge flow from tank farms shall not be added to the maximum design flow of the pipe
where it shall be connected, since its discharge flow shall be controlled by a gate valve that
shall be located outside the tank dike and shall be easily accessible and easy to operate.
Depending on the fluid being stored, the discharge shall be controlled by more than one valve
in order to send the contaminated water to the line that shall carry it to the respective treatment
system, or to the rain water system if the stored fluid is not considered contaminated (according
to MINAMB standards).
Drainage valves in tank firms must be located outside the area protected by the fire walls.
(2.1) Sewer design capacity

The design flow shall be the highest of the following conditions:
QRW (Rain water)
QFW (Firewater)
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
(2.2) Rainwater (QRW)

The maximum daily rainfall (MDRF) for Tr=10 years (measured in mm), drained in 6 hours.
-3
QRW (m3/hr) = Tank farm area (m²) * (MDRF) * 10
6h
where,
MDRF: Maximum daily rainfall for 10years
(2.3) Firewater (QFW)

The verification time shall last 6 hours, and the discharge time 12 hours.
QFW (m3/hr) = Fire Water Allotment (m3/h) x 6h

12h
The drainage system shall be tested so that with the valve fully open, the maximum level of the
combined contaminated waters inside the dikes shall not exceed in 300mm the height of the
support base of the tank, after 6 h of continuous fire fighting
10.2.2 Hydraulic calculation

To calculate the flow transported by a collector in a section:
Q = V x A.
The Manning equation shall be used to calculate the gravity flow in channels and pipelines.
V = (1/n) x R 2/3 x S 1/2
Where:
Q = Flow (m3/s).
A = Area of the section that transports the effluent (m²).
V = Velocity at filled section (m/s).
n = Manning roughness coefficient of the pipeline or channel material.
0.015 : Concrete D < 21"
0.013 : Concrete D > 21"
0.011 : P.V.C.; Fiberglass
0.011 : Steel; cast iron
R = Hydraulic radius (ratio between wetted area and wetted perimeter).
S = Longitudinal grade of the pipeline / channel.
For closed collectors or pipelines, the maximum design flow shall be the one estimated for a cross
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
section with the 70% depth of the pipe diameter.
10.2.3 Pipe size

The minimum pipe size for each sewer system shall be as follows:
• OD and CS system: 0.15 m (6")
• SWW system except inside building: 0.20 m (8")
• STS system: 0.25 m (10")
• Equipment drain: 0.10 m (4")
• Vent pipe: 0.10 m (4")
The Carbon steel pipe only, i.e. OD and Vent pipe, shall be applied only the diameters as below in
accordance with 3006-5001-FP11691(S-000-1222-0091) paragraph 3.12. The unit of measurement
in the bracket is millimeter, which shall be used for Hydraulic calculation.
2”(50) / 3”(75) / 4”(100) / 6”(150) / 8”(200) / 10”(250) / 12”(300) / 16”(400) / 18”(450) / 20”(500) /
24”(600) / 30”(750) / 36”(900) / 42”(1050) / 48”(1200) / 54”(1350) / 60”(1500) / 66”(1650) / 72”(1800)
/ 78”(1950mm)
10.2.4 Design velocity

The minimum velocity for sewages, i.e. OD/CS/SWW:0.60m/s
The minimum velocity for storm water, i.e. STS: 0.75m/s
Maximum velocities: 2.1m/s
10.3 Material application for Sewer piping

The material specification for sewer piping shall be referred to paragraph 3.10.
(1) STS: Storm water sewer

Reinforced Concrete Pipe (RCP)
(2) OD: Oily water sewer

Carbon steel pipe (CSP)
(3) CS: Chemical sewer

Carbon steel pipe (CSP)
Chlorinated Polyvinyl chloride pipe (CPVC)
(4) SWW: Sanitary sewer

Polyvinyl Chloride pipe (PVC)
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
10.4 Drainage Layout

(1) Catchment Works
(1.1) Catch basin
• Catch basin shall not be located under equipment or ladders.
• The maximum travel of surface liquid to catch basin shall be 15 m.
• Paving shall slope to catch basin at not less than 1:100.
• The catch basin shall be placed at a maximum every 280 m² in paved areas
• Catch basin shall not be connected to other catch basin.
• They may not be located at less than 9 m from the roads including the Coke handling
access road, the Main road and the Secondary road and from the control room.
(1.2) Drip funnel

• Each pump shall be provided with a drip funnel.
• Drain from not more than four drip funnels may be jointed before tying into a header, using
a running trap with cleanout as a fire seal, sealed catch basin or manhole.
(1.3) Pipelines
The design requirements:
• The intersection with other drainage pipes shall be done through manholes. The pipelines
shall be installed preferably in a straight line. Maximum 45degree bending or manholes
shall be used when there are changes in direction in the layout of the pipe.
• The piping shall have a minimum layer of soil as follows:
Concrete paved area: 300mm
Road crossing: 760mm
Gravel paved area: 600mm
Unpaved area: 600mm
Vent pipe in any area: 300mm
• The appropriate slope shall be maintained per drainage system, the minimum slopes are
as follows:
STS: 1/1000
OD: 1/200
CS : 1/100
SWW: 1/100
(1.4) Open ditches

• Open ditch shall be applied only for Storm Water system.
• A minimum 100mm of free board shall be considered in to the hydraulic design.
• The minimum width of the channel shall be 300mm and the minimum grade shall be as
above 1/1000.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
• Where open ditches cross sleeper piping in process area, not off-site and utility area, one
of the following shall be installed:
- A siphon system
- Ditch concrete cover when the pipeway width is equal or less than 10 meters
- Piping to be provided with fireproofing.
(1.5) Manhole
It is a concrete structure used to join several underground pipes as sediment traps, as well as
inspection and maintenance points.
Requirements for locating:

• At dead end of main drainage pipeline.
• At intervals of not more than 90 m, for main drainage pipelines with a diameter less than
24”, or at intervals not longer than 150 m for drainage pipelines of 24” or more
• At the joint of a main drainage pipeline with a lateral pipeline.
• Where mains 8 inches and larger changes direction “in plan” more than 45 degree.
• Where alignment “in elevation” changes more than 10 degree.
• Within process unit areas at the intersection of a lateral and a main.
Requirements for the design:

• Their dimensions must permit the entrance of maintenance personnel.
• The upper slab or closure must be designed so that it can be removed to permit
maintenance activities.
• This slab must be placed at floor level in concrete and asphalt paved areas, at least
100mm higher than high point in unpaved and gravel paved area.
• The manhole shall receive waters confined in ditches or held in areas and shall designed
according to the capacity of the discharge pipe
• The minimum internal dimensions shall be 600 x 600 mm, and must be adapted to the
ditches where they are discharging
• The bottom of manhole shall be kept below the discharge pipeline in the area located in:
Tank farm: 300mm
Other than tank farm: 150mm
(1.6) Manholes for Sanitary system

These are round sump tanks normalized by INOS, the National Institute of Sanitary Works, in
relation to the depth and diameter of the inlet and outlet pipe for use in rain water and sewage
systems.
(2) Special Structures

PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
(2.1) Hydraulic Seal

It is a device to isolate the different parts of a hydrocarbon contaminated water drainage
system in order to avoid the movement of flammable vapors. In integrated plants the process
systems in each area must be joined through manholes provided with hydraulic seals, which
shall be placed as indicated below:
• When there are changes in diameter or material of the pipelines.
• Where drainage mains coming from tanks, processes, integrated plants and equipment
are connected to a main pipeline.
• Between process units.
• Manholes connected to a main pipeline.
• Before entering a separator.
• The sewer connections discharging from catch basin
• At the level of the lowest corner in the tank farm.
• The depth of the seals shall be:
Min. 150mm for Storm water sewer, Chemical water sewer and Sanitary water sewer
Min. 250mm for Oily water sewer
(2.2)Vent Pipe
Consists of a pipeline with a minimum diameter = 100 mm (4”) placed in a manhole with seal
when it is provided with a air tight cover in order to preserve the seal by atmospheric pressure.
• Ventilation shall be installed in the manhole with immersion seal and in the one located
immediately upstream.
• In the manhole at the top of the system provided with seal.
• They must not be placed below pipelines and other equipment.
• They must be located a distances longer than 30m from furnaces, boilers and other
sources of ignition. When vents are elevated 15m above grade, they may be located 15m
horizontally from a furnace or ignition source.
• 2 and more pipe can be combined together to single line under ground level and the single
line stands up above ground subject to checking if appropriate arrangement.
• At least 2.4m above any adjacent service platform.
• A minimum of 3.0m above grade when in a safe and open area and shall be protected
against accidental damage by mobile equipment.
(2.3) Oil Traps

It is a device designed to hold floating oil. It must not be designed for the segregation of
emulsified oil. They shall be placed at the exit of pump stations, shops, fuel supply stations.
(2.4) Clean Out

• Cleanout shall be installed to facilitate cleaning in direction of flow.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
• Cleanout shall be provided where the sewer turns through 90 degree.

• Cleanout shall also be provided where the sewer turns through 45 degree and is preceded
by a straight run of 15.2 m or more.
• Drain hubs or bells may be considered as cleanout if the run to the drain header is less
than 15.2 m and total turns do to not exceed 135 degree. This includes the 90 degree turn
from vertical to horizontal.
• In the absence of manhole or catch basin, a cleanout shall be provided in every 30 m of
straight sewer run in line 12 inches and smaller.
• Cleanout shall be line size in sanitary sewer and 6 inches maximum in all other sewers.
11 ROAD AND PAVING

Thickness of road and paving shall be verified in accordance with traffic, operational load and soil
survey result.
11.1 Road
• The MTC, i.e.Ministry for Transport and Communications, method shall be used to determine
minimum thickness of soil base and asphalt surface.
• Design life shall be 20-years.
• Five types of roads shall be taken into account:
Road name Coke Main road Secondary Access Ramps

handling road way
access
road
Number of 2 2 2 1 1
lanes (nos)
Paved width 12.0m 8.0m 6.0m 6.0m 4.0m
Shoulder 1.5m 1.5m 1.0m N.A N.A.

width
Radius 13.0m 10.0m 8.0m N.A N.A.
(Note 1)
Longitudinal 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% 15.0%
grade
Crown 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%
slope
Shoulder 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% N.A N.A.
slope
Subgrade Minimum 95% of the maximum dry density at optimum moisture
content by ASTM D1557. The surface 300mm thickness shall be
scarified and compacted if the required minimum degree of
compaction is not achieved.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
Sub base 200mm
Base 150mm
course
Asphalt 50mm
base course
Asphalt 40mm
surface
course
Vertical 6.3m 6.3m 6.0m 4.8m 2.3m
clearance
(Note 1) Interconnecting road between units shall be applied 13.0m radius.
11.2 Area Paving

(1) Heavy duty concrete paving
150mm thick concrete slab reinforced with 2 layers of 4”x 4”x W4.5(6mm dia.) welded wire
fabric placed below 50mm/100mm below top of slab
(2) Light duty concrete paving

100mm thick concrete slab reinforced with 1 layer of 6”x 6”x W1.4(6mm dia.) welded wire fabric
placed below 50mm below top of slab
(3) Joint for concrete paving

Expansion joint: Maximum 25m interval with 12mm width joint filler.
Contraction joint: Maximum 10m interval with 6mm width saw cut deeper than 1/4 the thickness
of the slabs.
(4) Asphalt paving

Section of asphalt paving shall be applied to Access road subject to verification of the
applicable traffic loads.
(5) Gravel paving

All exposed horizontal surfaces other than concrete/asphalt paved area must be covered with a
layer of crushed stone maximum size 50mm, compacted thickness of 100mm.
12 OTHERS
12.1 Tank Dike
Any dimensional study for the tank dike such as sizing and volumetric analysis shall be in
accordance with the requirement on NFPA30, as follows:
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
• The maximum height of the dike or fire wall shall be determined by fluid class.
• The volumetric capacity of the dike shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the
capacity of a tank.
• When there are several tanks the volumetric capacity of the area shall be equal to 100% of the
largest tank, plus the volume occupied by the remaining tanks.
• Tanks shall have a minimum separation between each other one third ( 1 / 3 ) to the diameter of
the both of them.
The supplement requirements in accordance with PDVSA standard are as follows:

• The crest of the dike or wall shall have a minimum width of 1.00 m, and shall be adjusted to the
width of the road when submitted to traffic.
• Pipelines passing under the dike or walls must be designed to prevent the excessive stresses
caused by a fire or settling of the terrain.
• For dikes over 1000mm in height provide means of crossing at locations of normal ingress and
egress. Use concrete stairs, prefabricated stairs or a ramp with handrails.
12.2 Slope Protection

Application of type of each slope protection shall be in accordance with site preparation or paving
plan drawing.
(1) Outside the plant

The protection of slopes may not be made only to retain as it is the existing virgin condition.
(2) Inside the plant, tank dike

• The protection of slopes shall be made by placing at least six (6) layers of protection with
asphalt in the following manner:
Layer 1 – Herbicide
Layer 2 – Asphalt RC-250 diluted in kerosene at 40%
Layer 3 – Fine gravel with 5 mm maximum grain size, sprayed with RC-250 diluted in
kerosene at 15% and reinforced with henhouse wire mesh or equivalent
Layer 5 – Asphalt RC-250 pure and hot
• The inclination of cut and fill slopes 2 horizontal by 1 vertical.
• Each 10m in horizontal shall be provided 1.5m width of berm with drainage ditch.
• The protection method and inclination shall vary according to the suggestions of the
geotechnical study.
(3) Inside the plant, the areas cut terraces

• The protection of slopes shall be made by placing at 2 layers of protection with concrete in
the following manner:
Layer 1 - 30mm thickness of Soil cement spray
Layer 2 - 80mm thickness of Cement mortar spray with Welded wire fabric anchored by 1
numbers of 12mm diameter/600mm length Wirings per 1.0 m2
• The inclination of cut and fill slopes 1 horizontal by 1 vertical.
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
• Each 10m in horizontal shall be provided 1.5m width of berm.

• Perforated PVC drain pipe shall be provided for water drainage from inside of the
protection.
• Open ditches for rainwater runoff on slopes shall be provided on each berm and along
slope as header line to the bottom of slopes.
• Fences for Falling rock shall be provided along the bottom of slopes.
• The protection method and inclination shall vary according to the suggestions of the
geotechnical study.
(4) Inside the plant, general use

A wire reinforced slab of poured in place concrete or sprayed gunite. Thickness of the slab shall
be 3” (75 mm).
12.3 Waterproofing
(1) Application
Waterproofing shall be considered when these areas are under the following conditions:
• The surface of the containment areas limited by the dikes.
• High porosity of the subsoil.
• Possibility of pollution of underground water, natural drainage ways, or other sources of
superficial drainage
• Possibility of leakage of products from the plant area towards topographically lower zones
or nearby buildings
(2) Specification
Waterproofing shall be achieved by using HDPE (High Density Polyethylene membrane)
thickness 1.0mm.
Protection material, which may consist of granular soil, shall be extended and compacted on
top of the waterproof layer to at least 90% modified proctor maximum density.
12.4 Guardrails and Barriers

Guardrails shall be provided:
• To protect pedestrian.
• To protect any damages to the facilities located closely such as fire hydrant and pipe bridges.
• At the edge of terraces or cliff.
• Along uphill road.
12.5 Fence (Hold)

Fences shall be of the following types:
PHASE: FEED S-000-1310-0001
Type Overall height Barbed wire Use

External 2500mm 3 strands of External perimeter
fence barbed wire
Internal 2200mm N.A. - Internal perimeter
fence
- Around electrical installation

S 000 1310 0001 - 1 - 0010

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REFINING MAJOR PROJECTS GENERAL MANAGEMENT

PROJECT: RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PDVSA DOC. No.

CONFEED PDVSA PDVSA

For Design / Followed as per TM-JY/PD-503,

0 31-07-08 For Design 47 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.

C 10-04-08 For Approval 47 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.

B 22-02-08 For Review 47 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.

A 28-11-07 For Review / First Issue 48 N.O. /T.T. / K.O. J.D.C.H. H. D.

CONFEED PDVSA CHECKED BY PDVSA APPROVED BY

PREPARED BY: Naoko Okamoto

RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT

DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN DATA

CIVIL AND STRUCTURE

4.9 Bundle Pulling Force (Bp) ............................................................................................................ 18

9.3 Structural System......................................................................................................................... 30

1.2 Application Codes, Standards and Project Specification

1.2.2 COVENIN and Local codes

1.2.3 Project Specifications

(15) 3006-5001-FS11503 (S-000-1241-0003) General Specification for Fireproofing

1.2.4 International Codes and Standards

1.3 Language and Units

- Design maximum 24 hours rainfall by 10 years of recurrence frequency: 78.8mm

The design wind load shall be calculated in accordance with 3006-5001-FC11604

2.4 Seismic Condition

3 MATERIAL FOR CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORKS

(4) Concrete Slump

No.11(1-3/8”) 35.81 1007 7.91

3.3 Structural Steel

(2) Structural steel pipe

3.4 High Strength Bolt

3.5 Mild Steel Bolt

(2) Floor Plate

3.7 Welding Electrode

3.8 Anchor Bolt

(4) Plate : ASTM A36

(2) Non-shrink Cement-Based Grout (G2)

(3) Non-shrink Epoxy Grout (G3)

3.10 Underground Pipes for Sewer and Drainage System

3.11 Protective Coating

3.12 Joint Materials

3.13 Water Stop

3.14 Roofing and Cladding

4 DESIGN LOADS AND FORCES

Loads and Forces Symbol Remarks

4.2 Dead Loads

4.2.2 Type of Dead Load (D)

4.3 Operating Contents (C)

4.4 Live Loads (L)

floors, platforms, walkways and staircases used 2.5kN/m2 3.0kN

4.5 Test Loads (F)

4.6 Crane Impact Loads (I)

o Effects generated by cranes.

Pendant-operated bridge cranes (powered): 10% of the maximum wheel load

Jibs and beams that function as support points for hooks:

The longitudinal force shall be assumed to act horizontally at the traction

4.7 Vibration Loads (V)

3006-5001-FC11711 (S-000-1320-0011), Design Specification for Foundations and Structures

4.8 Thermal Force (T)

4.8.2 Thermal Friction Force (T f, T s)

(1) for design of a whole structure

(2) for design of local beams

4.9 Bundle Pulling Force (Bp)

4.10 Fluid Surge Force (S)