Abstracts On NDDS

1.
Nanotechnology in Cancer Drug Delivery and Selective Targeting
Sk.shamsunnisa and Dr P.Srinivas Pharm.D
Koringa college of Pharmacy. Korangi

East Godavari District, A.P. -533461
Abstract
Nanoparticles are rapidly being developed and trialed to overcome several limitations of traditional
drug delivery systems and are coming up as a distinct therapeutics for cancer treatment. Conventional
chemotherapeutics possess some serious side effects including damage of the immune system and other
organs with rapidly proliferating cells due to nonspecific targeting, lack of solubility, and inability to enter the
core of the tumors resulting in impaired treatment with reduced dose and with low survival rate.
Nanotechnology has provided the opportunity to get direct access of the cancerous cells selectively with
increased drug localization and cellular uptake. Nanoparticles can be programmed for recognizing the
cancerous cells and giving selective and accurate drug delivery avoiding interaction with the healthy cells. This
focuses on cell recognizing ability of nanoparticles by various strategies having unique identifying properties
that distinguish them from previous anticancer therapies. It also discusses specific drug delivery by
nanoparticles inside the cells illustrating many successful researches and how nanoparticles remove the side
effects of conventional therapies with tailored cancer treatment.
2. Monoclonal Antibodies as Targeted drug Delivery system
T.Bindusri santhoshi Lakshmi and M.Madhubabu M.Pharm

Koringa college of Pharmacy. Korangi
East Godavari A.P,533461
ABSTRACT
Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies that are identical because they are produced by one type of immune
cell all are clones of a single parent cell. Given any substance, it is possible to create monoclonal antibodies
that specifically bind to that substance; they can then serve to detect or purify that substance. Monoclonal
antibodies are an integral part of targeted therapy approach for various diseases which result in decrease in
adverse effects and increase in efficacy. They target various receptors or various growth factors on the cell
surface and modulate their vital functions and cause cell death by various mechanisms. They are produced
by conventional hybridoma technique. They have been modified to humanized forms to decrease adverse
effects. Since then many Monoclonal antibodies have been produced which have changed the clinical course
of many diseases. In this briefly the technique of production of these monoclonal antibodies, their mechanism
of action in therapy and clinically important monoclonal antibodies will be discussed.
Keywords:
Newer Monoclonal Antibodies, Targeted Cancer Therapy, Radiolabelled Mabs, Mepolizumab, Mabs
3. Implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation
RAMYA SREE T* & BHAVANI B

Koringa College of Pharmacy, Tallarevu, East Godavari
ABSTRACT
Vitamin D is an essential fat soluble vitamin and a key modulator of calcium metabolism in children and adults.
Because calcium demands increase in the third trimester of pregnancy, vitamin D status becomes crucial for
maternal health, fetal skeletal growth, and optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency is
common in pregnant women (5–50%) and in breastfed infants (10–56%), despite the widespread use of prenatal
vitamins, because these are inadequate to maintain normal vitamin D levels (≥32 ng/mL). Adverse health
outcomes such as preeclampsia, low birthweight, neonatal hypocalcemia, poor postnatal growth, bone fragility,
and increased incidence of autoimmune diseases have been linked to low vitamin D levels during pregnancy
and infancy. Studies are underway to establish the recommended daily doses of vitamin D in pregnant women.
This review discusses vitamin D metabolism and the implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and
lactation.
Keywords: Lactation, Pregnancy, Vitamin D deficiency
4. FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

FOR ANTICANCER DRUG CABAZITAXEL
M V G D Bhavani*, MadhubabuMogili.
Koringa College of Pharmacy, korangi, East Godavari, A.P.
ABSTRACT:
Cabazitaxel (CBT), is an anticancer drug used in the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer. The
disadvatages of CBT like poor water solubility, severe toxic effects to normal tissues, is overcome by using
liposome-based carrier system which has enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR). Cabazitaxel
liposome’s were prepared (F1-F6) using soyalecithin, cholesterol, Tween80, and chloroform as solvent by thin
film hydration method using rotary evaporator and then evaluated for shape and morphology of the liposome
droplet was determined by SEM and particle size in the range 300 to 350 nm. Zeta potential (analyzed by
Malvern Zetasizer), values was in the range of -0.271to-0.0282 mV. The result of drug entrapment efficiency
indicates that as the concentration of phosphatidylcholine decreases, drug entrapment efficiency of liposomes
decreases. In vitro drug release study for all six formulations revealed that F6 was able to extend the drug
release up to 24 hrs (96.3%). So, F6 was considered as the optimized formulation based on entrapment
efficiency (82.96%) and in vitro drug release study. The drug release followed zero order kinetics with super
case-II transport mechanism.
5. Primary and Secondary Metabolite Profiling, unravelling the Antibiotic Susceptability from Culture
- Lysed Symbiotic Colonies of

Diazotroph Bacteria(Rhizobium leguminosarum) Isolated from root nodules of Dolichos Lab Lab.
*1
G.V. Pavan Kumar, 2G.Alekhya, A.3Satya Sri.
*1, 2, 3 Dept.of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi-533461, Kakinada, Andhra
Pradesh, India.
Abstract
This is the first study demonstrating antibiotic potential of symbiotic bacteria and their metabolite profiling
from cultured bacterial endosymbionts associated with root nodules of Leguminaceae plant Dolichos lab lab.
Our study has significant scope and it has never been reported. Indian farming area especially semi arid areas
host varieties of Legumes with novel secondary metabolites producing organisms. The natural metabolites
extracted from root nodule-derived bacteria pave novel therapeutic remedy against the pathogens like Bacillus
subtilis, Escherichia coli and fungal species Aspergillus niger when most of them are emerged as extreme drug
resistant superbugs. In recent study the bacteria isolated from the root nodule were cultured by standard
microbiology techniques. Most of the bacteria isolated were found to be Symbiotic nitrogen fixation of Gram-
negative, motile, Rhizobium leguminosarum. The potential isolate LNRLS9 was mass cultured for extraction
of primary and secondary metabolites. Preliminary screening for identification of Bacterial metabolites by
chemical tests was performed using reagents. Ethyl acetate extract prepared from the lysed culture of the isolate
was analyzed for antibiotic activity. The results of this study suggested that secondary metabolites produced
by Rhizobium leguminosarum sp. (LNRLS9) could be used as a lead to control bacterial pathogens.
Keywords: Rhizobium leguminosarum sp. LNRLS9, metabolites, antimicrobial activity,
6. Screening of Marine Mangrove plant Suaeda maritima var. australis
for Primary and Secondary metabolites and their quantitative estimation using UV-VIS
Spectrophotometer.
*1G.Alekhya, A.2Satya Sri, 3G.V.Pavan Kumar
Pradesh, India.
Abstract
Marine Mangrove plants are a rich source of complex bioactive secondary metabolites which are derived from
mixed biosynthetic pathways. Recently, several marine organism isolated natural products have gathered much
attention due to their intriguing structures and exciting anti-proliferative or cancer cell toxic activities. Suaeda
maritime var. australis occurring in the marine habitat of Koringa wild life sanctuary was assessed
qualitatively and quantitatively. Plants were collected from (24˚50 N and 66º 56 E) southwest of habitats around
koringa to chollangi area and analyzed for abundance of chemical components. In the present study
phytochemical analysis, UV-VIS spectrum of Isolated plant extract was undertaken. Qualitative Phytochemical
screening of Ethanolic solvent extracts showed the Presence of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids,
steroids and terpenoid. The quantitative estimation of primary metabolites reveals various chemical
constituents such as chlorophyll content 2.03 mg / gdw. Carbohydrate content was found high (62.63 mg /gdw)
followed by protein (98.4 mg / gdw) and lipid content was found to be 56.29mg / g dw.The ethanolic extract
showed other secondary metabolites phenols (9.80 mg/gdw) flavonoid content was 5.28 mg/g dw extract
tannin content was 3.00 mg/g dw. The present investigation showed significant chemical components in the
plant.The results obtained in the present study indicates the plant have the potential to act as a source of useful
drugs because of presence of various phytochemical components such as carbohydrate, protein, lipids, phenols,
flavonoids and tannin. The results are very much encouraging but scientific validation is necessary before being
put into practice.
Key words: Mangrove plant, chemical, primary and secondary metabolites, UV-VIS estimation
7. EVALUTION OF CLINICAL SPECTRUM AND FREQUENCY OF PHOTODERMATOSES IN A

SKIN SPECIALITY HOSPITAL
*1Vasamsetti Jhansi Vasantha,2Ghafurunnisa Rounaqh,3Dr.G.V.Nagaraju,

*1, 2,3
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi-533461, Kakinada, Andhra
Pradesh, India.
Abstract
In an attempt to study the frequency and clinical spectrum of photodermatoses in varied populations of rural
and urban areas at a tertiary referral centre in BHAVYA Skin speciality hospital located in Rajamahendravaram
town of Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted from January 2016 - June 2016. we aim to find out the
occurrence of photodermatoses by population based study, a total of 120 random participants, both male and
female were included in the study with selection criteria. Patients of all age groups, Patients who were
diagnosed with positive photo dermatoses, Patients who were willing to participate in the study, the type of
photo dermatoses involved and most commonest one identified by Prospective, cross- sectional observation
study in the Out-patient department of dermatology and venerology. The Research study begins with standard
questionnaire for collecting patient’s demographic details, diagnosis of the presenting disease condition
assesses the duration of exposure. The case study was reported for a period of six months and the data obtained
from the questionnaires was analyzed in Microsoft excel 2013 .The people with age group of 68years were
prone to photodermatoses at the rate of 57% of total cases and ages of 52(43%) of cases. In our study we found
that dark skinned individuals are most affected with photodermatoses than fair- skinned individuals. The gender
analysis in study reported that females are more affected than males with 58% and 42% respectively. In
conclusion we represent that incidence of disease was more in the mid summer i.e. in the month of may,
housewives were more affected with photodermatoses than others and mainly affected sites are face and neck
(42%) followed by upper limbs (26%).Papule (50%) was the most common rash observed in many of patients
followed by Macule (17%) and plaque (15%) the majority of the lesions were erythematous. Polymorphic light
eruption (PMLE) was the commonest photodermatoses noticed in many of the individuals followed by actinic
purigo and chronic actinic dermatitis.
Key words: PMLE, Photodermatoses, Six months Case study, 120 Population.
8. A SUPPLY OF INFORMATION TOWARDS ACADEMIC STRESS IN STUDENTS PURSUING

PHARMACY PROGRAMME IN INDIA
K Srilaya*, P Bhulakshmi & Y Malyadri
ABSTRACT
Challenging stimulus can lead to positive outcomes such as motivation and improved task
performance while threatening ones or distress can result in anxiety, depression and stress. The current
prospective observational exploratory study was designed to assess the stressors causing academic stress in
pharmacy students of India. In the study a standard stressors scale was designed with 35 questionnaires as open
– ended questions to assess both the positive and negative responses of the student participants in a pharmacy
institute of Andhra Pradesh. As based on hypothesis of assumption the stressors were categorized as curriculum
framework and course of study, faculty and academic learning process, peer evaluation and placement cell and
its activities. The study involved 603 participants out which 253 (42%) were male and 350 (58%) were female,
the education qualification of the sample 94 were Diploma students, 246 were B. Pharmacy students, 103 were
M. Pharmacy students and 160 were Pharm. D students including 20 students of post baccalaureate programme.
In our study, the response in pharmacy students towards the stressors was found positive. In conclusion, our
study was able to assess certain stressors with a help of a self-developed and administered standard stressors
scale, from which the stressor component designed reported a considerable stress in pharmacy students which
is negligible in regard to the sample size, but in specific it’s the responsibility of the institution and faculty
team for a early screening and intervention are advisable to limit and minimise the stress.
Key words: Stress scale, Pharmacy students, Questionnaire
9. SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF TENELIGLIPTIN OVER OTHER HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS

IN TYPE-2 DIABETES
* 1Ghafurunnisa Rounaqh,2Vasamsetti Jhansi Vasantha,3Dr.G.V.Nagaraju,

*1, 2, 3
Pradesh, India.
Abstract
To compare the safety and efficacy of the Teneligliptin, it is a DPP inhibitor over other hypoglycaemic agents
in Type II Diabetes Mellitus.It is a prospective –observational study in this study was conducted at, Pradeep
Diabetic Centre, Rajamahendravaram and the study was carried out for a period of 6 months from Feb 2016 to
July 2016, and we are taking total of 114 patients with type 2 diabetes, in our study concludes the combination
of Teneligliptin with other oral hypoglycaemic agents have been shown to improve glycaemic control
efficiently when compare with the monotherapy shown inadequate glycaemic control. Patients of either gender
and above 12 years, Patients diagnosed with type-II diabetes, Patients prescribed with oral hypo glycaemic
agents as monotherapy, combination of oral hypoglycaemic agents along with insulin. The data and laboratory
reports were collected from the case sheets of the patients and relevant sources. In this study was carried out
by considering the collecting of socio demographic data of the patients such as age, gender, occupation,
education and to obtain the information of patients receiving insulin as their ultimate therapy after receiving
oral therapy and to assess the number, type and dose of oral hypoglycaemic drugs as prescribed and Dose of
the insulin and other oral hypoglycaemic drugs that are shown in desirable therapeutic outcome or not. As well
as we assess the state of their life style diet modifications after starting the therapy and compare the efficacy
of Teneligliptin with combination of oral hypoglycaemic and monotherapy finally we assess the glycaemic
laboratory reports of the patient before and after the treatment. In the data was analysed by applying statistics
by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences).
Key Words: Teneligliptin, Hypoglycaemia, Six months Case Study, 114 Patients.
10. UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENTAND VALIDATION FOR THE

DETERMINATION OF NORFLOXACIN PRESENT IN TASTE MASKED
DRUG RESIN COMPLEX
AYYA RAJENDRA PRASADa*, JAYANTHI VIJAYA RATNAa

a
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was developed and validated a novel, specific, precise and simple UV-
spectrophotometric method for the estimation of norfloxacin present in taste masked drug resin complex. UV-
spectrophotometric determination was performed with ELICO SL 1500 UV-Vis spectrophotometer using 0.1
N HCl as a medium. The spectrum of the standard solution was run from 200 - 400 nm range for the
determination of absorption maximum (λ max). λ max of norfloxacin was found at 278 nm. The absorbance of
standard solutions of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 µg/ml of drug solution was measured at an absorption maximum at 278
nm against the blank. Then a graph was plotted by taking concentration on X-axis and absorbance on Y-axis
which gave a straight line. Validation parameters such as linearity and range, selectivity and specificity, LOD
& LOQ, accuracy, precision and robustness were evaluated as per ICH guide lines. Linearity for the UV-
spectrophotometric method was noted over a concentration range of 1-5µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of
0.9995. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for norfloxacin was found at 0.39 μg/ml
and 1.19 μg/ml respectively. Accuracy was in between 99.00 and 99.17%. % RSD for repeatability, intraday
precision and interday precision were found to be 0.600, in between 0.291 & 0.410 and in between 0.682 &
1.439 respectively. The proposed UV spectrophotometric method is found to be robust.The proposed UV-
spectrophotometric method was validated according to the ICH guidelines and results & statistical parameters
demonstrated that the developed method is sensitive, precise, reliable and simple for the estimation of
norfloxacin present in taste masked drug resin complex.
11. UV – METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RANOLAZINE IN BULK AND

TABLET DOSAGE FORMS
K. Vijaya Durga*, Sirisha.D
Koringa College of pharmacy,
Tallarevu, East Godavari
Abstract
From the reference pharmacopeia HPLC methods for determination of Ranolazine in pharmaceutical
preparations, are costly and unaffordable for most pharmaceutical laboratories. Keeping in view the
socioeconomic conditions of our country there is a need to develop an alternative technique, so that the research
studies become easier and cheaper. The present study is on the development and validation of Ranolazine in
bulk and tablet dosage form. The method involves 0.2% v/v ortho phosphoric acid in distilled water is selected
as a solvent for optimized method and absorbance is observed at 271nm. Different aspects of validation were
taken into consideration such as Accuracy, Precision, Linearity, Specificity, Limit of detection and Limit of
quantification. The linearity of Ranolazine was observed in the range of 10-100µg/ml. The slope, intercept and
correlation coefficient values of Ranolazine were found to be 0.0062, 0.0039 and 0.998 respectively, which
indicates the excellent correlation between response factor vs concentration of standard solutions. The intra
and inter day RSDs (n=6) were 0.59%-0.69%. The % recovery was found to be 97.50%. The method is
accurate, cost effective and fast.
Keywords: Ranolazine, UV
12. UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENTAND VALIDATION FOR THE

DETERMINATION OF NORFLOXACIN PRESENT IN TASTE MASKED
DRUG RESIN COMPLEX
AYYA RAJENDRA PRASADa*, JAYANTHI VIJAYA RATNAa
a
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was developed and validated a novel, specific, precise and simple UV-
spectrophotometric method for the estimation of norfloxacin present in taste masked drug resin complex. UV-
spectrophotometric determination was performed with ELICO SL 1500 UV-Vis spectrophotometer using 0.1
N HCl as a medium. The spectrum of the standard solution was run from 200 - 400 nm range for the
determination of absorption maximum (λ max). λ max of norfloxacin was found at 278 nm. The absorbance of
standard solutions of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 µg/ml of drug solution was measured at an absorption maximum at 278
nm against the blank. Then a graph was plotted by taking concentration on X-axis and absorbance on Y-axis
which gave a straight line. Validation parameters such as linearity and range, selectivity and specificity, LOD
& LOQ, accuracy, precision and robustness were evaluated as per ICH guide lines. Linearity for the UV-
spectrophotometric method was noted over a concentration range of 1-5µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of
0.9995. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for norfloxacin was found at 0.39 μg/ml
and 1.19 μg/ml respectively. Accuracy was in between 99.00 and 99.17%. % RSD for repeatability, intraday
precision and interday precision were found to be 0.600, in between 0.291 & 0.410 and in between 0.682 &
1.439 respectively. The proposed UV spectrophotometric method is found to be robust.The proposed UV-
spectrophotometric method was validated according to the ICH guidelines and results & statistical parameters
demonstrated that the developed method is sensitive, precise, reliable and simple for the estimation of
norfloxacin present in taste masked drug resin complex.
13. OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF IBUPROFEN FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS

EMPLOYING STARCH XANTHATE -A NOVEL SUPERDISINTEGRANT.
T.Naga Satya Yagnesh*., R.Santosh Kumar.
GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, A.P-530045,
India.
Email: yagneshtns@gmail.com
Ibuprofen (NSAID) a poorly soluble drug is widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The
dissolution rate of acelofenac can be increased by formulating it into fast dissolving tablets, as these dosage
forms disintegrate very rapidly into fine suspension of drug particles resulting in higher surface area of drug.
Though, several disintegrants are available, there is continuous need to develop newer disintegrants to have
more disintegration and dissolution efficiency. The present research work involves preparation,
characterization and evaluation of starch xanthate as a super disintegrant. The prepared starch xanthate was
found to be free flowing and amorphous.SEM studies have revealed the amorphous nature of starch xanthate
and FT-IR revealed the formation of ester. In the present research work, 2 3 factorial design was used for
optimization of level of independent variables (starch xanthate , sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose
sodium) on dependent variables (disintegration time and percent released in 10 minutes) in the formulation
Ibuprofen fast dissolving tablets with less experimentation. Based on the polynomial equations and from the
results it was concluded that starch xanthate, ( 5%), sodium starch glycolate (5%) and croscarmellose sodium
(5%) were favourable for formulation of Ibuprofen fast dissolving tablets. Therefore, starch xanthate a new
modified starch was found to be a promising disintegrant in the formulation of fast dissolving tablets of poorly
soluble drugs.
14. STAVUDINE EXTENDED RELEASE TABLETS: FORMULATION & EVALUATION
Md. Mb. Husnara Begum and Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
The present study was to formulate and evaluate geomatrix tablets of Stavudine. Stavudine is a nucleotide
analog drug used in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been incorporated into
directly compressed geomatrices where excipients like Eudragit, ethyl cellulose, HPMC, MCC, aerosil and
magnesium stearate were used. Polymers are water soluble, insoluble and acid resistant polymers. Formulation
was optimized on the basis of acceptable tablet properties (weight variations, drug content hardness, friability)
and in-vitro drug release. The resulting formulation produced robust tablets with optimum hardness, consistent
weight uniformity and low friability. The optimized formulation F4 was found to have good Geomatrix
integrity throughout study. The drug release study was carried out at 37±0.5°C in phosphate buffer of pH 7.4
for 24 hrs. It was found that the drug release profile of these formulations were uniform and sustained
throughout the study period. The drug release kinetics of prepared tablets was evaluated for different kinetic
models. The regression values of the optimized formulations were found to higher (0.987) in Higuchi model
indicating drug releases by diffusion. The stability studies were carried out according to ICH guidelines which
indicate that the selected formulations were stable.
Key words: Controlled release, Ethyl cellulose, Eudragit RL 100, Geomatrix, Stavudine, HPMC.
15. BIO DEGRADABLE POLYMERIC NANO ARTICLES AS GENE DELIVERING AGENTS AND DRUG DELIVERING
AGENTS
 u.srinivas guide by Dr. A.ANNAPURNA

(Prof.of pharmacology AU)
Dr.VIJAYA RATNA A.U)
(Prof.of pharmaceutics A.U)
Abstract
Bio degradable polymeric nano particles are gaining increased for their ability to serve
as a viable carrier for site specific delivery of genes, therapeutic proteins including drugs in the
body. The size of nano particles are 1-100nm due to the nano size effective tumor targeting was
Possible and cytotoxicity was so far reduced especially in chemotherapy treatment. Liposomes,
Dendrimers, Chitosan are used for delivering of therapeutic proteins, genes and drugs. They act
by altering defective proteins or genes in the patient’s cells. They have shown high
biocompatibility, high encapsulation capacity. These are break down after intended purpose to
result in natural byproducts such as carbon dioxide, water, and biomass. Many human diseases
are related to gene deletion/mutations only. Which lead to disorders in metabolic pathways,
ligand receptor function, and cell cycle regulation. These disorders are effectively treated with
gene therapy compare to normal methods/therapies
Key words Nano particles, Liposomes, Gene therapy, Drug delivery, Tumor targeting,
Chemotherapy
16. Neonatal vaccination: Challenges and intervention strategies
Chandrika Ch* & Bhavani B
Abstract
While vaccines have been tremendously successful in reducing the incidence of serious infectious diseases,
newborns remain particularly vulnerable in the first few months of their life to life-threatening infections. A
number of challenges exist to neonatal vaccination. However, recent advances in the understanding of neonatal
immunology offers insights to overcome many of those challenges. This is an overview of the features of
neonatal immunity which make vaccination difficult, survey the mechanisms of action of available vaccine
adjuvants with respect to the unique features of neonatal immunity, and propose a possible mechanism
contributing to the inability of neonates to generate protective immune responses to vaccines. Challenges in
the vaccination of neonates include interference from maternal antibody and excessive skewing towards
immunity, which can be counteracted by the use of proper adjuvants. Synergistic stimulation of multiple Toll-
like receptors by incorporating well defined agonist-adjuvant combinations to vaccines is a promising strategy
to ensure a protective vaccine response in neonates.
Keywords: neonate, adjuvant, vaccine
17. EXOSOMES AS THERAPEUTIC DRUG CARRIERS AND

DELIVERY VEHICLES ACROSS BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES: REVIEW
Konathala Baby Poorvi*, Betha Reshma Tanuja
ABSTRACT
Exosomes are little living thing membrane-based vesicles with totally different compositions that are involved
in many biological and pathological processes. The exploitation of exosomes as drug delivery vehicles offers
vital benefits compared to different nanoparticulate drug delivery systems resembling liposomes and compound
nanoparticles; exosomes are non-immunogenic in nature because of similar composition as body's own cells.
During this article, the origin and structure of exosomes likewise as their biological functions are printed. we
are going to then target specific applications of exosomes as drug delivery systems in pharmaceutical drug
development. An summary of the benefits and challenges faced once using exosomes as a pharmaceutical drug
delivery vehicles will be mentioned.
18. CUBOSOMES: A VEHICLE FOR DELIVERY IN PHARMACEUTICALS

Kothakota Sitha Vineetha*
St. Ann’s College of Pharmacy, Cantonment, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
ABSTRAC T
Cubosomes microstructure nanoparticles however rather than the solid particles, cubosomes microstructure
self-assembled liquid crystalline particles of wetting agent with correct quantitative relation of water with a
microstructure that gives distinctive properties of sensible interest. The invention of cubosomes could be a
distinctive story and spans the sector of food science, differential geometry, biological membranes and organic
process processes. one among the foremost common surfactants wont to create cubosomes is that the
monoglyceride glycerin monoolein. The preparation principally involves emulsification of monoglyceride and
a compound, amid sonication and homogenisation. The preparation strategies constitute two classes, as well as
top-down and bottom-up techniques. The aim of criticism includes producing techniques, system forming cubic
phase, mechanism, applications of cubosomes. Supported the foremost recent reports, this review introduces
cubosomes that specialize in their structure, preparation strategies, mechanism of unleash and potential routes
of administration.
19. FORMULATION AND EALUATION OF

METOPROLOL SUCCINATE FLOATING TABLETS USING
PEANUT HUSK
Soujanya P*, Dr.M.Saritha, Dr.Y.Srinivasa rao
Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam
ABSTRACT:
A sustained release system for Metoprolol succinate designed to increase its residence time in the stomach
without contact with the tablets was achieved through the preparation of floating tablets by the direct
compression method. In the present study attempt has been made to develop sustained released drug delivery
system by formulating the floating tablets of Metoprolol Succinate using peanut husk powder as a natural
polymer (cellulose 35.7%, hemicelluloses 18.7%, lignin 30.2%) which is biodegradable, biocompatible,
nontoxic, economically cheap cost, devoid of adverse and side effects and easily availability. Metoprolol
succinate is a β1- selective adrenergic receptor blocking agent used in the management of hypertension, angina
pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, heart failure, hyperthyroidism and in the prophylactic
treatment of migraine. Hence the drug has relatively short half-life about 4-6hrs, in the normal course of therapy
multiple administration is required every 4-6hrs. The 5 batches of floating tablets (F1 toF5) were formulated
by direct compression method using different ratio of polymers like peanut husk power and HPMC. The
formulated tablets were evaluated by means of different parameters like shape and density of tablet, hardness,
friability, weight variation, drug content uniformity, Invitro buoyancy, swelling Index, Invitro dissolution
studies. The formulation F3 has better sustained release when compared other formulations, it release the drug
of about 31.32% at the 1st hr and almost 60% release at the end of 8 hrs, hence we conclude that the combination
of peanut husk powder, HPMC and shows better Gastric retention time which sustains the release of the dosage
form.
Keywords : Metoprolol Succinate, Floating tablets, Peanut Husk Powder, Natural Polymer.
20. Nutraceutical, therapeutic, and pharmaceutical potential of Aloe vera
SAI GEETHA L* & Bhavani B

Koringa College of Pharmacy, Tallarevu, East Godavari.
ABSTRACT
Aloe Vera plant is a good depository of chemical constituents which display a very wide array of biological
activities such as anticancer, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiparasitic,
antitumor, antioxidant, chemopreventive, hepatoprotective, and gastroprotective. Plant is used to prepare skin
protective/care gels mainly for soothing, moisturizing, and wound healing. Thick watery plant sap works are
added as key ingredient in many beauty products. Plant leaves are used to generate aroma, beverages, skin
lotion, cosmetics, or ointments for minor burns. Plant contains vitamins, enzymes, minerals, sugars, lignin,
saponins, salicylic acids, and amino acids as main ingredients. Plant is a good source of Vitamins A, C, and E,
which are antioxidants. It also contains Vitamin B12, folic acid, and choline watery juicy of A.vera leaf which
contains important minerals such as calcium, chromium, copper, selenium, magnesium, manganese, and
potassium. Plant ingredients were found active against gingivitis, psoriasis, and used for herbal therapy in
inflammatory bowel disease. A.vera contains important fatty acids mainly steroids such as cholesterol,
campesterol, β-sitosterol, and lupeol. It act as analgesics, antibacterials, antivirals, antiseptic and analgesic
properties. It also contains auxins and gibberellin hormones that help in wound healing and have anti-
inflammatory action.
Key words: Aloe vera, natural products, nutritional, pharmaceutical potential
21. The role of pharmacoeconomics in current Indian healthcare system

HARISH M *& Bhavani B
Abstract
Phamacoeconomics can aid the policy makers and the healthcare providers in decision making in evaluating
the affordability of and access to rational drug use. Efficiency is a key concept of pharmacoeconomics, and
various strategies are suggested for buying the greatest amount of benefits for a given resource use.
Phamacoeconomic evaluation techniques such as cost minimization analysis, cost effectiveness analysis, cost
benefit analysis, and cost utilization analysis, which support identification and quantification of cost of drugs,
are conducted in a similar way, but vary in measurement of value of health benefits and outcomes. This article
provides a brief overview about pharmacoeconomics, its utility with respect to the Indian pharmaceutical
industry, and the expanding insurance system in India. Pharmacoeconomic evidences can be utilized to support
decisions on licensing, pricing, reimbursement, and maintenance of formulary procedure of pharmaceuticals.
For the insurance companies to give better facility at minimum cost, India must develop the platform for
pharmacoeconomics with a validating methodology and appropriate training. The role of clinical pharmacists
including Pharm D graduates are expected to be more beneficial than the conventional pharmacists, as they
will be able to apply the principles of economics in daily basis practice in community and hospital pharmacy.
Keywords: Drug costs, drug industry, health insurance, pharmacoeconomics
22. COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DISSOLUTION RATE OF PIOGLITAZONE HCl LIQUISOLID
COMPACTS AND SOLID DISPERSION TABLETS
Jahnavi B* & Bhavani B
Koringa College of pharmacy, Tallarevu, East Godavari
ABSTRACT
The dissolution rate of poorly soluble, highly permeable (BCS-II) drugs, such as Pioglitazone HCl, can be
improved by the application of the solid dispersions (SD) and liquisolid (LD) technique. In this study, the
different formulations of liquisolid compacts and solid dispersion were prepared and investigated. The results
showed that the liquisolid formulations exhibited significantly higher drug dissolution rates in comparison with
directly compressed and solid dispersion tablets. The enhanced rate of Pioglitazone HCl dissolution derived
from liquisolid tablets was probably due to an increase in wetting properties and surface area of drug particles
available for dissolution. In conclusion, the results of this work suggest that liquisolid technique is a useful
technique to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Keywords: Pioglitazone HCl, liquisolid compact 23.
23. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORAL FAST DISSOLVING FILMS OF

RUPATADINE FUMARATE
Abhibrata Roy1, Monica S1* and B L R Madhavi1
Acharya & B M Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru.
Rupatadine fumarate is an anti-allergic drug employed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. It has low oral
bioavailability due to low solubility and extensive hepatic first pass metabolism. The aim of the present work
was to formulate and evaluate rupatadine fumarate oral fast dissolving films. Dose of 10 mg in 2 x 2 cm 2 film
was planned. Solvent casting method has been employed for film preparation. Pullalan, HPMC E5 and HPMC
E15 were used to prepare the films. Drug excipients compatibility was determined by FTIR spectroscopy and
DSC studies. The results suggested no physicochemical incompatibility. Rupatadine fumarate was used as its
inclusion complex with β cyclodextrin and incorporated in the film. The films were evaluated for pH, thickness,
weight uniformity, folding endurance, percentage elongation, disintegration time, drug content uniformity,
percentage moisture absorption, percentage moisture loss and in vitro release study and drug permeation.
Disintegration time for the films ranged from 28 – 37 seconds. Formulation (F3) containing HPMC E5 400 mg
showed optimal characteristics in vitro drug release, disintegration time, folding endurance and drug content.
Release from F3 was found to be 92.32 ± 0.275% after 180 s. F3 was subjected to a stability study for 60 days
at 40±2℃ & 75±5% RH. The results of the stability studies showed there was no significant change found in
physicochemical properties and in vitro release. Thus a new formulation of rupatadine fumarate could be
prepared as its oral fast dissolving film employing HPMC E5 by solvent casting method.
24. LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: AN OVERVIEW ON ITS IMPORTANCE AND
COMMERCIAL AVAILABLE PRODUCTS
Jyothi K & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
Liposomes have been widely investigated since 1970 as drug carrier for improving drug delivery of therapeutic
agents to specific sited in the body. As a result numerous improvements have been made to make this
technology potential the treatment of certain diseases. Liposomes, sphere-shaped vesicles consisting of one or
more phospholipid bilayers, were first described in the mid- 60s. Today, they are a very useful reproduction,
reagent, and tool in various scientific disciplines, including mathematics and theoretical physics, biophysics,
chemistry, colloid science, biochemistry, and biology. Since then, liposomes have made their way to the
market. Among several talented new drug delivery systems, liposomes characterize an advanced technology to
deliver active molecules to the site of action, and at present, several formulations are in clinical use. Research
on liposome technology has progressed from conventional vesicles to ‘second-generation liposomes’, in which
long-circulating liposomes are obtained by modulating the lipid composition, size, and charge of the vesicle.
Key words: Liposomes, Bilayers
25. VESICULAR SYSTEMS AS NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Jyothsna A* & Bhavani B
Koringa College of Pharmacy
ABSTRACT
Designing of the drug in the vesicular system has brought a new life to the old pre-existing drugs and thus has
improved their therapeutic efficacies by controlling and sustaining the actions. Novel drug delivery attempts
to either sustain drug action at a predetermined rate, or by maintaining a relatively constant, effective drug
level in the body with concomitant minimization of undesirable side effects. The vesicular systems are highly
ordered assemblies of one or several concentric lipid bilayer formed, when certain amphiphillic building blocks
are confronted with water. The vesicular system such as liposomes, niosomes, sphingosomes, ethosomes,
transferosomes and pharmacosomes are used to improve the therapeutic index of both existing and new drug
molecules by encapsulating an active medicament inside vesicular structure in one such system. It prolongs the
existence of the drug in systemic circulation and finally reduces the toxicity.
26. SELF EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A strategy to improve oral bioavailability
Lakshmi N V V S S* & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
Oral route is preferred for drug administration, however, more than 40% of new chemical entities exhibit poor
aqueous solubility, resulting in unsatisfactory oral drug delivery. Recently, much attention has been focused
on self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly aqueous
soluble drugs. SEDDS possess potential to improve oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs.
Following their oral administration, these systems rapidly disperse in gastrointestinal fluids, yielding micro or
nano-emulsions containing the solubilized drug. Micro/nano emulsified drug can easily be absorbed through
lymphatic pathways, by passing the hepatic first-pass effect, owing to their globule size. This presentation gives
an overview of SEDDS with emphasis on different types of self-emulsifying formulations, their formulation
characterization, biopharmaceutical aspect and advantages.
Key words: SEDDS. Oral bioavailability
27. RECENT ADVANCES IN TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY
Priyanka Thorati*, V V V P Lakshmi Ratna & Bhavani B

ABSTRACT
Transdermal delivery has many advantages over conventional modes of drug administrations, it thus avoids
hepatic first pass metabolism and improves patient compliance. Its main advantages includes controlled drug
release with minimum side effects, improved bioavailability, bypass first pass metabolism and many more.
There are factors such as physiochemical as well as biological which affect the bioavailability of transdermal
medicament. During the past decade, number of drugs formulated in the patches is hardly increased; there has
been little change in the composition of the patch system. Modifications have been mostly limited to
refinements of the materials used. The present review article explores the overall study on transdermal drug
delivery system (TDDS) which leads to novel drug delivery system (NDDS). Keywords: Transdermal, Drug
kinetics, Drug delivery system.
Keywords: Transdermal, Drug kinetics, Drug delivery system.
28. CAPSULAR PULASATILR DRUG DRLIVERY SYSTEM
Masagiri Lokesh* & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
Traditionally, drugs are released in an immediate or extended manner. Pulsatile drug delivery system is the
most interesting time- and site-specific system. This system is designed for chronopharmacotherapy which is
based on circadian rhythm. The principle rationale for the use of pulsatile release is for the drugs where a
constant drug release, i.e., a zero-order release is not desired. Pulsatile drug delivery system is defined as the
rapid and transient release of certain amount of molecules within a short time period immediately after a
predetermined off-release period, i.e., lag time. As the pulsatile drug delivery achieve desired therapeutic effect
and reducing side effect, so patient compliance can be obtained along with lowering dose frequency. These
Various systems like capsular systems, osmotic systems, pulsatile system based on the use of soluble or
erodible polymer coating, use of rupturable membranes and pulsatile system based on membrane permeability
and especially for diseases like asthma, peptic ulcers, cardiovascular ailments, arthritis and attention deficit
syndrome in children and hypercholesterolemia can be cured by drugs, released by PDDS. These systems are
beneficial for the drugs having chronopharmacological behavior where night time dosing is required and for
the drugs having high first-pass effect and having specific site of absorption in gastrointestinal tract. Various
methods and marketed technologies of PDDS such as Pulsincap TM, Diffucaps, CODAS, OROS and
PULSYSTM.
Key words: Chronopharmacotherapy, erodible and rupturable system, pulsatile drug delivery system
29. RECENT ADVANCES IN TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY
K Lova Kumar & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
Topical drug delivery is an important drug delivery for administration of drugs having first pass metabolism
to reach directly to systemic circulations by passing through the barriers. Human skin is a readily accessible
surface of drug delivery. The potential of using skin as a target has been recognized but its outermost layer acts
as a barrier to the ingress of materials allowing only small molecules to penetrate over a period of time. Recently
various strategies has been used to evade the stratum corneum and to increase flux through the skin membrane
using different permeation enhancement techniques. For a drug to be delivered passively via skin needs to have
enough lipophilicity and also a molecular weight less than 500 Da. These requirements have restricted the
number of commercially available commodities based on transdermal or dermal delivery. Therefore the key
function of a topical delivery system is to enhance the dermal permeability enabling it to cross the epidermis
and retain in the dermis. The aim of this paper is to review non-invasive topical drug delivery employing
sophisticated carrier systems leading to advancements in dosage forms.
Key words: Lipophilicity, flux, therapeutic effect
30. BIOPROCESS DEVELOPMENT EMPLOYING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS FOR THE

ANTIBIOTICS PRODUCTION BY STREPTOMYCES PARVULUS STRAIN SANKARENSIS-A10
*MOBEEN SHAIK, GIRIJA SANKAR GUNTUKU
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Division, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University,
Visakhapatnam-530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Optimization of antibiotic production medium and fermentation conditions by Streptomyces parvulus

strain sankarensis-A10 was studied by classical and statistical methods. After selection of the basal production
medium, the effect of sea water and incubation time on antibiotic production was investigated by classical
method. In the first step of optimization, factors significantly affecting the antibiotic production starch,
K2HPO4, FeSO47H2O, KNO3 and pH were selected based on Plackett-Burman design (PBD). In the second
step, the significant factors (starch, KNO3, pH) with the positive effect were optimized with 3 3 factorial Box-
Behnken design and analysed by response surface analysis. The optimized values for maximum antibiotic
production were as follows: starch 20 g/L, pH 8.0, KNO 3 3g/L. Under optimum conditions, the antibacterial
activity was 620 U/mL and 616.66 U/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively,
which indicates an escalation of 1.4 folds in contrast to antibacterial activity prior to optimization. TLC based
partial purification of crude extract and bioassay of the fractions revealed the presence of four active
compounds with Rf values of 0.275, 0.2, 0.125 and 0.062. Hence, there could be a probability of novel bioactive
compound(s) in the crude extract and/or could be a novel source of antibiotics previously reported.
Key words: Antibiotic, production medium, Plackett-Burman design (PBD), response surface analysis, thin
layer chromatography.
31. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DONEPEZIL ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS
Mounika T* and Bhavani B
Koringa College of Pharmacy, Tallarevu, East Godavari-533461
ABSTRACT
Donepezil HCl is an anti-Alzheimer’s drug of the acetylcholinesterase class. It is widely used in treatment of
Alzheimer’s disease and to control dementia. Orodispersable Tablets (ODTs) containing Donepezil Hcl were
prepared using superdisintegrant called croscarmellose sodium by direct compression method using solid
dispersion technique to mask the taste of the drug. Three types of excipients were used to mask the taste namely
Mannitol, PEG 6000 and PVP K 30 in three different ratios (i.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:3) using solvent evaporation method
in solid dispersion technique. The optimized formulation shows the minimum disintegration time of 50 sec and
release maximum amount of drug in 10 min. Short term stability studies indicated no significant changes in
hardness, friability, in vitro disintegration time, drug content and in vitro drug release.
Keywords: Donepezil HCl, Solid dispersion
32. ROLE OF NANODIAMONDS IN NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY

Dannena Yamini*, Dasari Haritha LlakshmI
St.Ann’s College of Pharmacy, Cantonment, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
ABSTRACT
The use of engineering science in medication and a lot of specifically drug delivery is ready to unfold speedily.
Currently many substances square measure beneath investigation for drug delivery and a lot of specifically for
cancer medical care. Nano diamonds (NDs) have contributed considerably within the development of
extremely economical and flourishing drug delivery systems, and in vegetative cell medical care. It’s already
been established that NDs based mostly drug delivery systems have wonderful biocompatibility, no toxicity,
photo stability and facile surface functionalization properties. A lot of considerably, we tend to incontestable
that dietary NDs-RNase iatrogenic necrobiosis in enterocytes, stimulating regenerative divisions in enteric stem
cells and increasing the amount of stem cells and precursor cells in fruit fly internal organ. As stem cells square
measure poorly accessible by exogenous agents in vivo, NDs-mediated oral delivery of proteins provides a
replacement approach to modulate the vegetative cell microenvironment for enteric transforming, that has vital
implications for large intestine cancer medical care and regenerative medication.
33. PROMOTNG ANTIBACTERIAL PROHYLAXIS

IS TERMS OF POOR PATIENT OUTCOME
T.D.V.Latha
Koringa college of pharmacy,korangi.tallarevu(m),East godavari
Irrational promoting of antimicrobial is worldwide problem that contribute to dramatically increasing

resistance and causes significantly mortality. The use of antibacterial agent (ABA) for preventing the setting
in of an infection or suppressing contacted infection before it becomes clinically manifest.AMA is frequently
given prophytically. The difference between “treating an infection and preventing it is that treatment is direct
against a specific organism infecting individual targeted therapy, while prophylaxis is often against all
organism that causes infection. This title reviews the how we are promoting antimicrobial prophylaxis in the
practice, using various methods.
Evidence guidelines that ‘No antibiotics prescription, as organism most likely viral’ for example ABA for
symptoms of self-limiting respiratory tract infection, acute rhino sinusitis, acute cough/bronchitis that they
may cause adverse effects and lead to resistance.
Country frame works influence the antibiotic use. In India, antibiotics are available over the counter without
prescription and still do not have policies to encourage appropriate antibiotic use. Whereas most people get
their medication from private and public sectors. Thus, it is not surprising that irrational use of medicines.
Government structure and pharmacist dedicate to monitoring and improving rational medicinal use in order
to develop road map for work in action.
Key words : (ABA) antibacterial agent.
34. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF EXTENDED RELEASE TABLETS OF
OMEPRAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE
Nookarathnam B* & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
The main aim of proposed work was to develop matrix tablets extended release dosage forms for the treatment
of a highly effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. The extended release tablets were prepared by direct
compression method using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulse (HPMCK4MKI5M) Dicalcium phosphate, metalose
(60SH-50) and xanthum gum, carbopol 971p in varying ratios..The in-vitro dissolution study was carried out
for 12 hours using paddle method in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) as dissolution media. Formulation F1 to
F24direct compression method, extended release and among all the formulation F14 formulation was compared
with the marketed product for drug release pattern and was matched using similarity factor70.11 (f2) which
showed that formulation F14 performed similar to the marketed product therapeutically.
KEY WORDS: HPMC K4MK15M, Metalose (60SH-50) Carbopol 971

35. BILAYERED TABLETS: FORMULATION AND EVALUATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF
HYPERTENSION
J N V L E Padmaja* & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
In the present research, an attempt has been made to formulate bilayered tablets of Amlodipine besylate and
Metoprolol succinate. The main objective for combination therapy is to encourage the use of lower doses of
drug to reduce the patient’s blood pressure, to minimize dose dependent side effects and adverse reactions.
Nine different formulations of bilayered tablets were prepared with Amlodipine besylate as immediate release
layer and metoprolol succinate as sustained release layer. Tablets were prepared by direct compression
technique. Immediate release layer was prepared by MCC 102, CCS & magnesium stearate. Sustain release
layer was prepared by wet granulation method in different ratios of polymers like HPMC K100, and Acacia
and combination of HPMCK100M and Acacia. The prepared tablets were evaluated for pre-and post-
compression parameters, Drug content, in vitro dissolution Studies and Stability studies. The sustained release
metoprolol layer of optimized formulation follows first order and shows Fickian diffusion mechanism of
release.
Keywords: Bilayered tablets, combination therapy
36. BIONANOROBOTICS IN TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Pavithra P* & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
Nanorobotics is the technology of creating machines or robots close to the scale of a nanometre, machines
constructed at the molecular level (nanomachines) may be used to cure the human body of its various ills. As
these are targeted to biological system it may be called as binanorobotics. This application of nanotechnology
to the field of medicine is commonly called as nanomedicine. Nanotechnology promises futuristic applications
such as microscopic robots that assemble other machines or travel inside the body to deliver drugs or do
microsurgery. Taking inspiration from the biological motors of living cells, chemists are learning how to utilize
protein dynamics to power microsize and nanosize machines with catalytic reactions. To cure skin diseases, a
cream containing nanorobots may be used which remove the right amount of dead skin, remove excess oils,
add missing oils, apply the right amounts of natural moisturising compounds, and even achieve the elusive goal
of ’deep pore cleaning’. Other fields of applications are to clean the wounds, to break the kidney stones, to treat
gout, for parasite removal, for cancer treatment, treatment of arteriosclerosis.
Keywords: Nanorobotics, Nanomechines, Nanomedicine
37. MANAGEMENT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME THROUGH NATURAL

SUPPLEMENTS: AN OVERVIEW
Dr. Kameswari Garnepudi*, Dr. K. Vijaya Sri
Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a growing concern in women of reproductive age. This is a leading
cause for infertility and also increases the risk for Metabolic syndrome, Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular
disorders. The conventional treatment though effective is inadequate and can cause many Adverse Drug
Reactions (ADRs) and it includes oral contraceptives, insulin sensitizing drugs and fertility drugs. This
necessitates for the use of safe and efficacious drugs which are cost-effective. Recent research has showed the
effectiveness of natural supplements like N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), Inositol, L-Arginine and L-Carnitine in
treating menstrual cycle irregularity which is a common manifestation of PCOS along with other problems like
insulin resistance, obesity and hirsutism. NAC, Inositol and L-Arginine exert anti-oxidant effect and have been
shown to improve almost all the facets of PCOS. This subsumes restoring ovulation and improving oocycte
quality; insulin sensitivity; hormonal imbalance; dyslipidemia and weight loss. There is prevalence of L-
Carnitine deficiency in PCOS patients. L-Carnitine promotes insulin sensitivity and natural weight loss. The
occurrence of ADRs is rare or nil with these agents. Therefore it can be concluded that these agents are effective
in the management of PCOS and can be preferred over conventional treatment owing to their safety and
efficacy.
Key words: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Menstrual irregularity, N-Acetylcysteine, L-Arginine, L-Carnitine
38. PORPHYSOME NANOTECHNOLOGY

Rekha Rani Kushwaha*
ABSTRACT
A novel drug delivery system is that the one that ensures optimum dose at the proper time, at the proper location.
Porphysomes are among those drug delivery systems. Porphysomes measure a method of sac drug delivery
systems. They are liposome-like structures composed fully of pigment super molecule. The porphysomes
encapsulates the active medication in sac structure. They are having Associate in aqueous liquid core which
might be loaded with the medicament. Here we offer an summary of recent developments within the generation
of supra molecular structures victimization porphyrin-lipid and their applications in medical care and imaging,
as well as photothermal medical care, photoacoustic imaging, multimodality imaging and activatable visible
radiation imaging and photodynamic medical care. Moreover, we tend to introduce several new developments
at intervals the sphere of victimization organic nano particles for thermal-based biomedical applications
victimization alternative organic nano materials.
39. COMPARING THE PRESCRIBING PRACTICES IN MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC

ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE IN DEPARTMENTS OF GENERAL MEDICINE,
GASTROENTEROLOY & HEPATOLOGY
DR. M. SANJAY SAMANTH*, Y.HARITHA SRI*, N.TEJASWI, P.PRATHYUSHA, G.DINESH
Department of pharmacy practice, A.U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Visakhapatnam.
ABSTRACT
The liver is one of the largest and most important organs for the well functioning of other organs, because it
performs multiple functions such as production of protein and enzymes, detoxification, metabolic functions,
and the regulation of cholesterol and blood clotting. The liver is primarily responsible for alcohol metabolism.
It is especially vulnerable to alcohol related injury which alters the normal homeostasis of the liver.ALD and
its complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 1% of total world
population I.e. , 2 million people are affected with ALD. Consumption of 12-24 grams of ethanol per day
increases the risk of mortality. Comparing mortality among men and women it was found that men aged
between 35_64 years have high mortality rate. There are very few studies which describe the prescribing
patterns of drugs in ALD. The present work is an attempt to gain insight into prescribing patterns of drugs in
various complications of ALD including specific therapies at General Medicine department in tertiary care
teaching hospital. The aim of the study, prescribing patterns of ALD drugs were analyzed by using WHO
prescribing core indicators. The main objective of this study is to identify the prescribing patterns of drugs used
in various complications of alcoholic liver disease. Our study suggests that there is a considerable scope for
improving prescribing patterns among the health care system and minimizing the use of antibiotics in order to
reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance of microbes .The drug prescribed from National List of essential
medicines -2016 shows deviations from standard values.
40. Pharmacovigilance: A Worldwide Master Key for Drug Safety Monitoring
I.S.D Prasad* & Bhavani B
Koringa College of
pharmacy, Tallarevu, East Godavari
ABSTRACT
Pharmacovigilance is to describe the processes for monitoring and evaluating ADRs and it
is a key component of effective drug regulation systems, clinical practice and public health
programmes. The number of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) reported resulted in an
increase in the volume of data handled, and to understand the pharmacovigilance, a high
level of expertise is required to rapidly detect drug risks as well as to defend the product
against an inappropriate removal. The current global network of pharmacovigilance
centers, coordinated by the Uppsala Monitoring Centre, would be strengthened by an
independent system of review. Recently, pharmacovigilance has been confined, mainly to
detect adverse drug events that were previously either unknown or poorly understood.
Pharmacovigilance is an important and integral part of clinical research and these days it
is growing in many countries. Today many pharmacovigilance centers are working for drug
safety monitoring in this global pitch, however, at the turn of the millennium
pharmacovigilance faces major challenges in aspect of better safety and monitoring of
drugs. In this review we will discuss about drug safety, worldwide pharmacovigilance
centers and their role, benefits and challenges of pharmacovigilance and its future
consideration in healthcare sectors.
Key words: Drug safety, erice declaration, pharmacovigilance
41. Evidence Based Medicine – New Approaches and Challenges
Prasanthi Ch* & Bhavani B

ABSTRACT
Evidence based medicine (EBM) is the conscientious, explicit, judicious and reasonable use of modern, best
evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients EBM requires new skills of the clinician,
including efficient literature-searching, and the application of formal rules of evidence in evaluating the clinical
literature. The practice of evidence-based medicine is a process of lifelong, self-directed, problem-based
learning in which caring for one’s own patients creates the need for clinically important information about
diagnosis, prognosis, therapy and other clinical and health care issues. It is not “cookbook” with recipes, but
its good application brings cost-effective and better health care. The key difference between evidence-based
medicine and traditional medicine is not that EBM considers the evidence while the latter does not. Both take
evidence into account; however, EBM demands better evidence than has traditionally been used. One of the
greatest achievements of evidence-based medicine has been the development of systematic reviews and meta-
analyses, methods by which researchers identify multiple studies on a topic, separate the best ones and then
critically analyze them to come up with a summary of the best available evidence. The EBM-oriented clinicians
of tomorrow have three tasks: a) to use evidence summaries in clinical practice; b) to help develop and update
selected systematic reviews or evidence-based guidelines in their area of expertise; and c) to enrol patients in
studies of treatment, diagnosis and prognosis on which medical practice is based.
Key words: Evidence Based Medicine, health, patients, decision making

42. PROSPECTS OF ORAL MUCOUSAL DRUG DELIVERY
V V V P Lakshmi Ratnam*, Priyanka Thorati & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
Buccal drug delivery system has been developed since the environment of the oral cavity provides potential
sites for drug delivery. The acid hydrolysis and first pass effects can be avoided. The release of drug can be
affected by continuous secretion of saliva. The mucin film exists in oral mucosa offers an opportunity to
develop mucoadhesive system, which retain at absorption site for prolonged time by mucoadhesive binding.
The administration of drugs by the buccal route has several advantages over per oral administration such as
quick action, improved patient compliance particularly with pediatric & geriatric patient. It is the objective of
this article to review the oral mucosal drug delivery by discussing briefly the structural feature of mucosa as
drug delivery such as buccoadheshive film & tablet, medicated chew gum, fast dissolving tablet, film & capsule
etc.
Key words: Mucin film, Mucoadhesive, Buccal delivery
43. RESEALED ERYTHROCYTES IN NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY

Pilla Sravya*
ABSTRACT
Erythrocytes, additionally called red blood cells, and are extensively studied for their potential carrier
capabilities for the delivery of medicine. Such drug-loaded carrier erythrocytes square measure ready just by
assembling blood samples from the organism of interest, separating erythrocytes from plasma, entrapping drug
within the erythrocytes, resealing the resultant cellular carriers, these carriers square measure known as resealed
erythrocytes. . Hence, these carriers square measure known as resealed erythrocytes. The method relies on the
response of those cells beneath diffusion conditions. Biopharmaceuticals, therapeutically vital peptides and
proteins, nucleic acid-based biological, antigens and vaccines, square measure among the recently focused
drugs for being delivered exploitation carrier erythrocytes. During this criticism, the potential applications of
blood cells in drug delivery are reviewed with a selected stress on the studies and laboratory experiences on
sure-fire erythrocyte loading and characterization of the various categories of biopharmaceuticals.
44. Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults
Aashitha K & Bhavani B

ABSTRACT
The immunization of an adult depends on the previous immunization received in childhood. Unlike the
Pediatric Immunization Guidelines, given by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics and the National Immunization
Programs, the guidelines for vaccination in healthy adults vary from region to region. Every year, thousands
of adults are sick and are hospitalized from vaccine-preventable diseases. Getting vaccinated will help you stay
healthy, so you’ll miss less work and also have more time for your family and friends. Some vaccines are
recommended only for adults, who are more at risk for certain diseases. Protection from childhood vaccines
wears off over time so you need additional doses of certain vaccines to stay protected. As adult age, there are
much involved in family activities and always in a view to fulfil their responsibilities. They may increase risk
for diseases based on travel plans, your job, or health conditions. Vaccination records and schedules are
categorized depending on their age.
Keywords: Vaccination, Adult
45. STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF GLICLAZIDE AND CHROMIUM PICOLINATE IN BULK
AND FORMULATION
N. Meher
Nikitha *,
Sirisha.D
Abstract
A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the
estimation of Glicazide and Chromium picolinate in bulk and formulation.The separation was achieved on C18
analytical column (150mm x 4.6mm i.d., 5.0 µm) using ammonium acetate (PH 3.5±0.05adjusted with diluted
ortho phosphoric acid solution) and acetonitrile in the ratio 60:40v/vas mobile phase at a flow rate of
1ml/min.Detection was carried out using UV detector at 272 nm.The total chromatographic analysis time was
about 7 minutes. The retention times ofGlicazide and Chromium picolinate was found to be 2.232 min and
3.659 min respectively. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity and
sensitivity;validation studies demonstrated that this method is simple, specific, rapid, reliable and reproducible.
The %RSD of the Glicazide and Chromiumpicolinate was found to be 0.69 and 0.93 respectively,% recovery
was obtained as 101.19% and 100.51% respectively,LOD and LOQ values are obtained as 0.03ppm,0.10 ppm
and 0.05 ppm,0.16 ppm respectively. Regression equation of Glicazide and Chromium picolinate was found to
be Y=16737x+746.3 and Y=28583x+209.3 respectively.
Key words: Glicazide, Chromium picolinate, RP-HPLC

46. FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF OIL-ENTRAPPED FLOATING BEADS OF
FAMOTIDINE
Joshna. U* and Chandra Sekhar Rao. G
Yalamarty Pharmacy College, Tarluwada, Visakhapatnam.
Famotidine is a H2-histamine receptor antagonist used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers,
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux diseases. The elimination half-life of the drug is
reported to be about 3 hrs after oral administration and the bioavailability is about 40-45%. The objective of
the present investigation was to formulate floating microspheres of Famotidine to increase gastric residence
time and thereby increasing bioavailability. Ionotropic gelation technique was used for preparation of
microspheres by using various polymers such as sodium alginate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and hydroxyethyl
cellulose in different ratios. A total of nine formulations (F1-F9) were designed in the present work.
Percentage yield, drug entrapment efficiency, swelling index, flow properties, and drug release studies were
conducted for the prepared microspheres. The dissolution test was performed for 12 hrs and 900 ml of 0.1 N
hydrochloric acid was used as the dissolution medium. The prepared microspheres were found to be almost
spherical and porous in nature from the results of scanning electron microscopy. Micromeretic profile of the
microspheres was found to be excellent. Among all the formulations, the optimized formulation, F9 containing
sodium alginate and polyvinyl pyrrolidone showed good in-vitro buoyancy and sustained release profile for a
longer period of time (12 hr). The overall results suggest the viability of floating microspheres of Famotidine
intended to produce improved bioavailability.
__–––––
47.Ethnobotanical Study, comprehensive metabolic profiling and invitro assessment of cytotoxic effects
of Aqueous extract using brine shrimp (artemia salina)
Lethality bioassay on various tissues provides an insight for medicinal importance of asparagus
aethiopicus .L
*1
A. Satya Sri, 2G.Alekhya, 3G.V. Pavan Kumar.
Pradesh, India.
Abstract
An Ethnobotanical survey was conducted to collect the information and medicinal properties of Asparagus
aethiopicus, a perennial monocot herb of Asparagaceae family. The plants were collected from the fields of
Coringa village in the Andhra Pradesh state of India. The live specimens were used for the description of plants
and some of the plant material was dried and used for comprehensive metabolic profiling. The present study
aimed to describe botanical aspects and medicinal value of the species. The extract of the whole plant tissues
of Asparagus aethiopicus was analyzed for the presence of various phytoconstituents and identified compounds
were Proteins, steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides and phenolic
substances. The cytotoxicity was reported in terms of lethality concentration (LC50). The shrimps were hatched
in sea water exposed to light after 48hours and active shrimps were collected and used for the assay. The
extracts were prepared in concentrations of 1000, 100, and 10ppm. 10 active shrimps were added to the 0.5ml
diluted test solution and the surviving (larvae) shrimps were counted after 24 hours and lethality concentration
LC50 was assessed. Aqueous and methanol extracts of Asparagus aethiopicus exhibited potent brine shrimp
lethality LC50 of 0.18 and 0.88% respectively. This suggests that brine shrimp bioassay is simple, reliable and
convenient method for assessment of bioactivity of medicinal plants and that the aqueous extracts of Asparagus
aethiopicus contains useful potent bioactive compounds that can be harnessed and purified into useful
therapeutic drugs.
Keywords: Asparagus aethiopicus L. brine shrimp lethality, cytotoxicity, lethality concentration LC50,
Artemia nauplii, part per million (ppm)
48. ALCOHOL REHABILITATION: RIGHT TREATMENT AND NEW BEGINNING

1
P
.
B
h
u
la
k
s
h
m
i,
2
D
r.
G
.
V
.
N
a
g
a
r
aj
u,
*1, 2,
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Koringa College
of Pharmacy, Korangi-533461, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract
To assess the effectiveness and outcomes of alcohol rehabilitation, in this study was carried out by considering
and analysing the collect demographic data of patients such as age, sex, occupation, education, and obtain
information on history of addiction, assess the type of treatment given to the patient and conclude the
effectiveness of treatment. It is a prospective study will be conducted for a period of 6 months in the department
of medicine at Neel Jeer hospital, Thadithota, Rajamahendravaram, we are includes the two hundred Patients
and finally data will be collecting from the patient case reports and Standard Questionnaire from and analysed
by using statistical significance by student spss-20.We are Includes all people who are undergoing treatment
at alcohol rehabilitation centre and those who willing to participate in the study. We are concluding that the
alcohol rehabilitation with enrolled patients was found to be effective. The income or profit which is procured
by the government by selling of liquor is a direct loss to third part of the population, this comes under first
category.
Key words: Alcohol Rehabilitation, Six months Case study, 200 Patients, Student Spss-20,
49. PHARMAHEALTH CARE: A Professional Pharmacist
Rishi Chandra M*, Sunil MV & Bhavani B

ABSTRACT
Pharma health care implies an importance of professional pharmacist in health care sector. The health
care sector scenario in India in general and in Andhra Pradesh in particular is a study in contrast; it boasts of a
high number of medical, dental, physiotherapy, pharmacy and nursing colleges, advanced hospitals and
professionally skilled doctors and health care personnel. But it also throws out bizarre incidents and tragedies
and the level of health care is below par especially in the rural areas. India’s rank in Human Development Index
is very poor because it is poor in health care sector. There are multiple reasons for this poor scenario and one
most important reason is Pharmacists’s role in the health care sector is not identified and recognized. In other
parts of the world Pharmacist plays the roles of clinical pharmacist, community pharmacist and hospital
pharmacist, but in India his/her role is limited to dispensing. Now a days, the Government has been recognized
the importance of Pharmacy profession for uplifting health care sector.
Key words: Pharmacy, Health care and Pharma health care

50. RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS
ESTIMATION OF ANTI-DIABETIC AGENTS
J.
T
ej
a
s
w
i
n
i
*,
M
.
A
n
u
s
h
a
Koringa College of
Pharmacy, Tallarevu, East Godavari
Abstract
A new, simple, accurate RP-HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of bulk and
pharmaceutical formulations. Separation of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin was successfully achieve on
THERMO,C18,150X 4.6mm,5µm, equivalent in an isocratic mode utilizing potassium dihydrogen phosphate
and methanol(70:30) at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min and eluate was monitored at 250nm, with a retention time of
3.027 and 3.994minutes for Empagliflozin and Linagliptin respectively. The method was validated and their
response was found to be linear in the drug concentration range of 50µg/ml to 150µg/ml for Linagliptin and
Empagliflozin. The values of the correlation coefficient were found to be 0.999 for Linagliptin and
Empagliflozin. The LOD and LOQ for Empagliflozin were found to be 3.038 and 3.037 respectively. The LOD
and LOQ for Linagliptin were found to be 3.967 and 3.962 respectively. The method was found to be good
recovery for Linagliptin and Empagliflozin were found to be 100.1 and 100 respectively indicates that the
proposed method is highly accurate. The method was extensively validated according to ICH guidelines for
Linearity, Accuracy, Precision, Specificity and Robustness.
Key words: Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, RP-HPLC
51. ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS

ESTIMATION OF ROXITHROMYCIN AND TINIDAZOLE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE
FORMS BY RP-HPLC METHOD
P.Suchitra*, M.Anusha
Koringa College of pharmacy, Tallarevu, East Godavari
Abstract
A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the
estimation of Tinidazole and Roxithromycin in bulk. The separation was achieved on C18 analytical column
(250mm x 4.6mm i.d., 5.0 µm) using acetate buffer PH -3 and methanol in the ratio 70:30v/v as mobile phase
at a flow rate of 1ml/min.Detection was carried out using UV detector at 212 nm. The total chromatographic
analysis time was about 7 minutes. The retention times of Tinidazole and Roxithromycin was found to be 2.372
min and 5.998 min respectively. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity and
sensitivity. Validation studies demonstrated that this method is simple, specific, rapid, reliable and
reproducible. The %RSD of the Tinidazole and Roxithromycin was found to be 0.25% and 0.12%respectively,
% recovery was obtained as 101.19% and 100.51% respectively, LOD and LOQ values are obtained as
2.94ppm, 3.01 ppm and 9.98 ppm, 9.97 ppm respectively.
Key Words: Tinidazole, Roxithromycin and RP-HPLC
52. NANODRUG DELIVERY APPLICATION IN CANCER THERAPY
Satya Sri M* and Bhavani B
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology for cancer therapy has received considerable attention in recent years. Drug
in nano-size delivery is a unique approach and comprehensive technology against cancer through early
diagnosis, prediction, prevention, personalized therapy and medicine. Nanotechnology has enabled the
development of nanoscale devices that can be conjugated with several functional molecules simultaneously,
including tumor-specific ligands, antibodies, anticancer drugs, and imaging probes. Since these nanodevices
are 100 to 1,000-fold smaller than cancer cells, they can be easily transferred through leaky blood vessels and
interact with targeted tumor-specific proteins both on the surface of and inside cancer cells. Therefore, their
application as cancer cell-specific delivery vehicles will be a significant addition to the currently available
armory for cancer therapeutics and imaging. This review focuses on the approaches of cancer nanotechnology
in the advancement of cancer therapy.
Key words: Nanotechnology, anticancer drugs, tumor specific ligand

53. MOUTH DISSOLVING FILMS: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DRUG DELIVERY
Sk.Irshad*, Md.Sheena Mini
KORINGA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, Tallarevu- 533461, Andhra Pradesh
ABSTRACT:
Mouth dissolving films are thin, solid dosage forms which when placed in the oral cavity dissolve
within few seconds without chewing and intake of water. The oral buccal mucosa being highly vascularized ,
can absorb directly into the systemic circulation without undergoing first – pass hepatic metabolism .This
advantage can be exploited in preparing products with improved oral bioavailability. This films offer
convenient way of dosing medicine to pediatric, geriatric and bedridden patients. They are convenient and
easy to use over other oral dosage forms such as orally disintegrating tablets, buccal tablets and sublingual
tablets. Mouth dissolving film was developed on the basis of technology similar to that of transdermal patch.
The sublingual and buccal delivery of a drug via thin film has the potential to improve the onset of action,
lower the dosing and enhance the efficacy and safety profile of medicament. An ideal film should have the
properties like pleasant taste, high stability and ease of handling. So mouth dissolving films are gaining the
interest of large number of pharmaceutical industries.
Keywords: Mouth dissolving films, highly vascularised, transdermal patch.
Mail Id: sonu46969@gmail.com
54.PRESENT STATUS OF CLINICAL TRAILS IN INDIA

Sunil MV*, Rishi Chandra M & Bhavani B
ABSTRACT
Clinical trials are investigations in human subjects intended to describe or verify the clinical,
pharmacological or other pharmacodynamics effects of an investigational product or to identify any adverse
reactions to an investigational products or to study the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of
an investigational product with the object of ascertaining its safety and efficacy and any research study that
prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health related interventions to
evaluate the effects on health outcomes. “James lind” is considered as the father of clinical trials. India has
been a hub for conducting various multi centre trials. It is making a name for itself in the international
pharmaceutical arena as a preferred destination for leading global companies to conduct clinical trials and it is
a challenge for both the government and the private sector.
Key words: Clinical trials, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics
55. Plant pigments exclusively used in cancer therapy
Supriya Manvi* & Bhavani B
Abstract
The dietary use of plant pigments and therapeutic effects against cancer. Important plant pigments such as
anthocyanins, lycopene, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and betalains are explained for their therapeutic effects
especially for cancer. Plant pigments are secondary metabolites which obstruct cancer cell proliferation; stop
growth and cell division in cancer cells. These inhibit cellular processes in cancer cells such as signaling
pathways, cell cycle, induce apoptosis, and autophagy. Besides, anticancer activity these also assist in
controlling high blood pressure, obesity, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and restore cardiovascular
problems. A full series of pigments is available in various plants families which might show protective effects
against cancer. Plant pigments are edible, nutritionally rich and therapeutically suitable. Due to their health-
promoting effects there is a growing public interest to consume green vegetables, fruits, sprouted seeds,
pigmented cereals, and processed low energy antioxidative functional food. For widening their use, these could
be harvested using recombinant gene technology to add to processed foods as a coloring agent. Plant pigments
as natural plant products or its by-products are highly useful for the development of a large variety of functional
foods, digestive ingredients, additives, as well as cosmetic products. These could be naturally added to
genetically suitable modified foods by applying genomic tools. No doubt plant secondary metabolites will also
fulfill needs of present-day medicine and show great promise for the future.
Key words: Anthocyanins, carotenoids, chlorophyll, lycopene, plant pigments
56. OPTIMISATION AND EVALUATION OF CIMETIDINE EFFERVESCENT FLOATING TABLETS USING

DIFFERENT POLYMERS
K.VIJAYA*, T.ANUSHA1, KISHORE KUMAR CH2
ORGANISATION: SRI SIVANI COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, CHILAKAPALEM, SRIKAKULAM, A.P.
EMAIL: kish.mammu143@gmail.com Contact details- 9581534346, 9182772260
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to develop a floating gastroretentive dosage form using effervescent
technique so as to increase the patient compliance and to provide a prolonged therapeutic effect.
Cimetidine was used as a model drug because of its short elimination half-life and localized action
in the gastric region. Nine batches containing 200mg of Cimetidine per tablet were developed
using drug release modifiers like xanthan gum and HPMC K100M both individually and in 1:1
combination at 50, 40 and 30% concentrations. Sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid were used as
gas generating agents. The drug-excipient compatibility, pre and post compression parameters,
buoyancy properties and swelling index were evaluated. In-vitro dissolution studies were carried
out in 0.1N HCl (pH 1.2) at 37±0.5 oC. Increase in polymer concentration showed significant
retardation of drug release and increase in swelling property. Release kinetics were studied by
fitting the data into various models and release mechanism, predicted drug release were studied.
Best formulation among the designed batches were selected based on cumulative percentage of
drug released by the end of twelfth hour
KEYWORDS: Cimetidine , Floating tablets, Effervescent tablets, Xanthan gum, HPMC-K100M.

57. FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY
SYSTEM FOR ANTICANCER DRUG CABAZITAXEL
M V G D Bhavani*, MadhubabuMogili.
Koringa College of Pharmacy, korangi, East Godavari, A.P.
ABSTRACT:
Cabazitaxel (CBT), is an anticancer drug used in the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer. The
disadvatages of CBT like poor water solubility, severe toxic effects to normal tissues, is overcome by using
liposome-based carrier system which has enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR). Cabazitaxel
liposome’s were prepared (F1-F6) using soyalecithin, cholesterol, Tween80, and chloroform as solvent by thin
film hydration method using rotary evaporator and then evaluated for shape and morphology of the liposome
droplet was determined by SEM and particle size in the range 300 to 350 nm. Zeta potential (analyzed by
Malvern Zetasizer), values was in the range of -0.271to-0.0282 mV. The result of drug entrapment efficiency
indicates that as the concentration of phosphatidylcholine decreases, drug entrapment efficiency of liposomes
decreases. In vitro drug release study for all six formulations revealed that F6 was able to extend the drug
release up to 24 hrs (96.3%). So, F6 was considered as the optimized formulation based on entrapment
efficiency (82.96%) and in vitro drug release study. The drug release followed zero order kinetics with super
case-II transport mechanism.
58.A brief description on fact sheet and Pharmacoepidemology of Nipah virus
1*
G.Sai Krishna, 2Dr.G.V.Nagaraju,
*1, 2,
Pradesh, India.
Abstract
The Nipah virus is closely related to Hendra virus (HeV) and Cedar virus. They are the three recognized species
members of the genus Henipavirus, a new class of virus in the Paramyxoviridae family. Nipah is an envelope,
negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus, with a genome sequence size of about 18,000 nucleotides. Humans,
pigs, bats, dogs, cats, goats and horses are sensible to NiV infection .Fruit bats (Macrochiroptera) of the family
Pteropodidae-particularly species belonging to the Pteropus genus–are the natural hosts for Nipah virus.
Intensive agriculture has been implicated in the transmission of the deadly Nipah virus to humans. Nipah virus
has been found in urine and uterine fluids of wild pteropid bats, experimentally isolated from urine, kidney and
uterus of infected bats. Virus may be found in fruit or juice (e.g. unpasteurised date palm sap) contaminated
with bat saliva or urine. Other sources for infection are contaminated drinking water and aborted bat foetuses
or other fluids/tissues of parturition. The incubation period generally varies from four days to 2 weeks, but may
be extended up to 45 - 60 days. The clinical course is characterized by high fever followed by seizure and death
due to encephalitis or respiratory disease. Serum Neutralisation (SN) tests is designated as the reference
standard for anti-henipavirus antibody detection. There are currently no antiviral drugs or vaccines available
to treat Nipah virus infection for either people or animals. Intensive supportive care with treatment of symptoms
is the main approach to managing the infection in people. Experimentally, the therapeutic use of a neutralizing
human monoclonal antibody. There is no vaccine against Nipah virus. Prevention of Nipah virus infection
relies on veterinary measures in domestic animals and public health education.
Key words: Nipah Virus, Paramyxoviridae family, fruit, juice, antibody, Serum Neutralisation
59. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF COUNSELING TOOLS FORPREVENTING

COMMUNICATION BARRIERS AMONG DIFFERENTLY ENABLED IN SPEAKING AND
HEARING POPULATION
Abstract
This study aims to develop and evaluate the counseling toolsfor effective communication between differently
enabled inspeaking and hearing population and the healthcare professionals that helps to provide better
healthcare facilities that includes appropriate diagnosis, treatment rationalization and patient counseling. The
main objectives in this study were to identify the participants,barriers and the factors associated with poor
communication among those populations. This study certainly reveals that a healthcare professional can fulfill
this communication gap and could provide better health care service. It is recommended that every health care
team must have a skilled professional (pharmacist, nurse, etc.,) to overcome those barriers. This study initiated
with developmentof tools like pictorial and graphical, predominantly the sign language (Indian sign language)
is the significant tool to communicate with the participants. A total of 1060 members (above 13 years) were
included and the major participants were from Priyadarshini Deaf and Dumb Ashramam,Rajamahendravaram
and it was carried out for a period of 6 months (Feb 2016 to July 2016). To implement the tools two instruments
1 and 2 were developed; each instrument consists of a set of questions from specific topics. Preliminary test
was conducted with instrument-1 without skilled healthcare professional intervention and the post test was
conducted with instrument-2 after the professional intervention using the tools.A feedback has been taken from
the participants to assess the healthcare professional skills. The results have been analyzed by the Pearson
Correlation and it shows significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Key words: Deaf and Dumb, Six months Case study, 106 Population.
60. EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS &

METHANOLIC FLOWER EXTRACTS OF TRIDAX PROCUMBENS LINN IN MICE
K.Swathi Kumari*, R.Ramya. Praveen Kumar Uppala**, Asst.Prof, Dept of pharmacology.
Bhaskara Institute of Pharmacy,Komatipalli,Bobbili,Vizianagaram.
Praveen.chintu32@gmail.com, Mob- 9441479276
Abstract
Objective: To investigate Antidepressant activity of aqueous and methanolic extract of Triax procumbens plant
flowers in mice.
Methods: The Antidepressant activity of aqueous and methanolic extract of Triax procumbens plant flowers
were tested by Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST) in albino mice and the results were
compared for the both extracts.Imipramine was used as the standard drug for comparison.
Results: Phytochemical screening showed presence of carbohydrates,alkaloids, flavanoids, tannins,

glycosides, phenols. AETP (Aqueous Extract of Tridax procumbens) & METP (Methanolic Extractof Tridax
procumbens) did not produce any lethal effect even upto 2000mg/kg, p.o during Acute Oral Toxicity study. In
FST (Forced swim test) and TST (Tail Suspension test), METP (Methanolic Extract of Tridax procumbens)
showed diminution of duration of immobility time in 200mg/kg but not in 100mg/kg.
Conclusion: From the above finding concluding that, shortening of immobility time in the FST and TST
indicating, METP showed more antidepressant activity acting either by the enhancement of central 5-HT or
catecholamine neurotransmission compared to AETP (Aqueous Extract of Tridax procumbens) in mice.
Keywords: Tridax procumbens, Aqueous Extract of Tridax procumbens , Methanolic Extract of Tridax
procumbens, Forced swim test, Tail suspension test
61. Microneedles for Drug Delivery via the Gastrointestinal Tract

1*
O.Sarath Kumar,2Dr.G.V.Nagaraju.
*12
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Koringa College of pharmacy Korangi, Kakinada.
Abstract
Both patients and physicians prefer the oral route of drug delivery. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, though,
limits the bioavailability of certain therapeutics because of its protease and bacteria-rich environment as well
as general pH variability from pH 1–7. These extreme environments make oral delivery particularly
challenging for the biologic class of therapeutics. Here we demonstrate proof-of-concept experiments in swine
that microneedle-based delivery has the capacity for improved bioavailability of a biologically-active
macromolecule. Moreover, we show that microneedle-containing devices can be passed and excreted from the
GI tract safely. These findings strongly support the success of implementation of microneedle technology for
use in the GI tract.
Keywords: mucosal drug delivery; gastrointestinal; macromolecular drug delivery; oral drug delivery;
microneedles; pill; gastrointestinal.
62. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE FLOATING TABLETS OF
ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUG – ATENOLOL
Gadde Vidya Sree* Surendranath Betala1
*Sri Vasavi Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tadepalligudem, A.P .
ABSTRACT
Gastro retentive floating drug delivery systems (GFDDS) of Atenolol, an antihypertensive drug, with an oral
bioavailability of only 50% (because of its poor absorption from lower gastrointestinal tract) have been
designed. Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose of different viscosity grades (K4M and K15M) were used as the
polymers and sodium bicarbonate as generating agent to reduce floating lag time. The tablets were prepared
by direct compression method. Estimation of Atenolol in the prepared tablet formulations was carried out and
measuring the absorbance at 275 nm. The prepared formulations were further evaluated for hardness, friability,
weight variation, drug content uniformity, swelling index, in vitro drug release pattern. Majority of the designed
formulations displayed nearly first order release kinetics, releasing less than 80% drug in 8 hours. The
optimized formulation containing Atenolol 100mg,HPMC (K4M) 40 mg and sodium bicarbonate 20 mg has
displayed almost zero order release kinetics with a floating lag time of only 8 minutes. This study proves that
GFDDS of Atenolol can be designed using HPMC K4M as matrix polymer, which provides nearly zero order
release kinetics and thus possible enhancement of oral bioavailability of the drug. Thus formulation F 3 showed
better controlled drug release with initially releasing 9% and finally 67.5% after 8 hours. Hence F3is concluded
to be the best formulation among all.
Keywords: Atenolol, Gastro-Retentive Floating Drug Delivery Systems; Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose.
63. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NIFEDIPINE LIQUISOLID TABLETS

MADAKAM RAMADEVI*; SURENDRANATH BETALA 1
*, 1 Sri Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tadepalligudem, Andrapradesh

ABSTRACT
The liquisolid technique is a novel concept, where a liquid may be transformed into a free flowing, readily
compressible and apparently dried powder by simple physical blending with selected carrier and coating
material. The in vitro dissolution property of poorly water soluble Nifedipine was improved by exploring the
potential of liquisolid technique. Different liquisolid tablets were prepared by suspending Nifedipine in PEG
400 with Avicel PH 102 as carrier, Aerosil 200 as coating material and Sodium starch glycolate as
disintegrating agent. The liquid load factors for liquid vehicle was calculated to obtain the optimum amounts
of carrier and coating materials necessary to produce acceptable flowing and compactable powder admixtures
viable to produce tablets. The formulated liquisolid tablets were evaluated for post compression parameters
such as weight variation, hardness, friability and drug content uniformity. The interaction between drug and
excipients in prepared Liquisolid tablets were studied by FT-IR. F4 was found to be the optimized formulation
based on in-vitro release pattern of drug. The result showed that liquisolid formulation of Nifedipine exhibited
higher percentage of drug release than directly compressed tablets which show significant benefit of liquisolid
tablet in increasing wetting properties and surface area of drug available for dissolution. From this study it
concludes that the liquisolid technique is a promising alternative for improvement of dissolution property of
poorly water soluble drugs.
Key words: Nifedipine, Liquisolid tablets, Dissolution rate, PEG400, Poorly water-soluble drugs.
64. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING BILAYERED TABLETS OF IRBESARTAN AND

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE
Kantipudi Alekhya Devi*, V. Ravi Shankar 1*
*,1 Sri Vasavi Institute Of Pharamaceutical Sciences,Tadepalligudem,AP.
,ABSTRACT
Developed gastroretentive drug delivery system for administering Hydrochlorothiazide and Irbesartan as a
fixed combination for antihypertensive therapy. The bilayered tablets were prepared by direct compression
technique. The present investigation is to increase the gastric residence time by preparing gastro retentive
floating bilayered tablet there by improving Hydrochlorothiazide bioavailability. A simple UV
spectrophotometric method has been employed for the estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide at 270 nm and
irbesartan has been estimated at 225nm and simultaneous determination of both drugs were estimated by using
UV double beam spectrophotometer. Preformulation studies were carried out to optimize the ratios required
for various grades of Hpmc-K15m, Crosscaramellose, Ethyl Cellulose, Crosspovidone, SSG, and MCC.
Fourier Transforms Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the absence of any drug/polymers/excipients interactions.
The prepared floating bilayered tablets were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability,
drug content uniformity, buoyancy lag time, total floating time, water uptake (swelling index) and in-
vitro dissolution studies. All the formulation showed drug release ranging from 98.08 to 88.21% and drug
content ranging from 97.15 to 101.1%. F5from SR layer and F8 from IR layer was used to formulate bilayer
floating tablet and it gives maximum release with maintenance of physical integrity up to 12 hr .optimized BFT
(F5SR&F8IR)showed Korsemayer-peppas model as best fit model so which is evident that drug release
mechanism was non Fickian transport. So stability studies were carried out for best release optimized
formulation( F5 SR& F8 IR)Stability studies revealed that optimized formulations was stable when stored at
room temperature and the values were within permissible limits.
Key words: Hydrochlorthiazide, Irbesartan bilayered floating tablets, Flotation, Controlled release,
Buoyancy lag time, total floating time, water uptake study.
65. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RAPIDLY DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF

MELOXICAM BY USING SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUES
Mutyala Rajendrababu*, V.Ravi Sankar1
*Sri Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tadepalligudem, AP.
ABSTRACT
Meloxicam, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent mainly used for the treatment of
osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The major drawback of Meloxicam is very low water solubility, which
results in poor bioavailability after oral administration. Hence, an attempt was made to improve the both
solubility and dissolution rate compressed through solid dispersion and then formulate rapidly disintegrating
tablets of Meloxicam. Drug: carrier interactions were characterized by FT-IR, which reveals the lack of
interaction between the pure drug and carrier. The solid dispersions of Meloxicam: PVP-K30 (1:9) showed
maximum dissolution. Therefore, to prepare rapidly disintegrating tablets of optimized solid dispersion of
Meloxicam incorporating with suitable superdintegrants and lactose, aspartame by using direct compression
method. Around six formulations were evaluating to pre-compressional and post-compressional parameters
studies, which gave satisfactory results. F6 formulation contained crospovidone gave maximum drug release
(99.27%) at 50 min compare to croscarmellose sodium. stability studies were carried out as per ICH guidelines
for 3 months.
Key words: Meloxicam, PEG-4000, PVP-K30, Crospovidone, Croscarmellose Sodium, Aspartame, Solid
dispersions, Meloxicam rapidly disintegrating tablets.
66. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GLICLAZIDE GASTRO RETENTIVE FLOATING

TABLETS
ANILKUMAR GEDA*; SURENDRANATH BETALA 1
*, 1 Sri Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tadepalligudem, Andrapradesh
ABSTRACT
A gastro retentive floating drug delivery system containing Gliclazide was prepared in the form of tablet and
evaluated for its processing parameters and in vitro release behaviour. Gliclazide is a selective second-
generation sulphonyl urea used in treatment of hyperglycemia and it absorbs rapidly and completely. However
its absorption is erratic in diabetic patient due to its impaired gastric motility or gastric emptying. To overcome
these drawbacks, the present investigation was to develop a gastro retentive floating tablets of Gliclazide. Nine
formulations consist of retardant materials such as hydroxy propyl methylcellulose K4M, K15M, and K100M.
Sodium bicarbonate was used as a gas generating agent to reduce floating lag time and other release promoters.
Tablets remained buoyant over 12 hours in the release medium, and the amount of sodium bicarbonate found
to be significant for not only to remaining buoyant without causing disintegration of the tablet, but also to
release of the drug in the acidic medium. Final F9 optimized formulation released approximately 94% drug in
12 hours in vitro, while the floating lag time was 31 sec and tablet remained floatable throughout all studies.
In vitro gastro retentive study of tablets gave successful results by floating in gastric content over a period of
12 hours. The results of the current study clearly indicate, a promising potential of the Gliclazide floating
system as an alternative to the conventional dosage form.
Keywords : Gliclazide, HPMC, lag time
67. Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Leading to Non-Compliance towards Anti-Tuberculosis
Treatment
*1
V.Chiranjeevi, 2Dr.G.V.Nagaraju.
*1, 2
Department of pharmacy practice, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi, Kakinada.
Abstract
The incidence of Tuberculosis (TB) has revived and has become one of the emergent causes of tension in the
health care sector especially in the tropical countries causing huge number of deaths. Non-adherence to the TB
control program ms is also one of the serious issues. A cross-sectional research determined for the
investigations of the restricted compliance with anti-TB treatment in the patients of TB was conducted in 2015
targeting the Gujranwala. Research sample was 200 patients including 100 TB cases with default treatment
record and remaining hundred were treatment compliers. Interview were conducted for the collection of data
and also consulted the clinical investigations. Every patient showed an improvement, adverse drug effects and
significant non-compliance reasons. Awareness in the patients is very much required about the duration of
treatment and outcomes if treatment is not completed. Serious patients should be treated by keeping them under
supervision so that adverse effect managed effectively. There is need to improve the diagnostic capability of
health care centers so that patients were properly diagnosed and treated.
Key words: Tuberculosis, patients,Treatment, TB control program
69.
NEEDLE FREE
INJECTIONS
M.Gnaneswari* P.Divya
BHASKARA INSTITUTE PHARMACY, KOMATIPALLI, BOBBILI,VIZIANAGARAM.

gnanisurya.m@gmail.com Mob: 9121069261
ABSTRACT
Needle free injection technology(NFIT)is an extremely broad concept which include a wide range of
drug delivery systems that drive drugs through the skin using any of the forces as Lorentz, Shock waves,
pressure by gas or electrophoresis which propels the drug through the skin, virtually nullifying the use of
hypodermic needle. This technology is not touted to be beneficial for the pharma industry but developing world
too find it highly useful in mass immunization programmes, bypassing the chances of needle stick injuries and
avoiding other complications including those arising due to multiple use of single needle. The NFIT devices
be classified based on their working, type of load, mechanism of drug delivery and site of delivery. To
administer a stable, safe and an effective dose through NFIT, the sterility, shelf life and viscosity of drug are
the main components which should be taken care of Technically superior needle-free injection systems are able
to administer highly viscous drug products which cannot be administered by traditional needle and syringe
systems, further adding to the usefulness of the technology. NFIT devices can be manufactured in a variety of
ways; however the widely employed procedure to manufacturer it is by injection molding technique. There are
many variants of this technology which are being marketed, such as Bioject ,ZetajetTM, Vitajet 3,Tev-Tropin
and so on. Larger investment has been made in developing this technology with several devices already being
available in the market post FDA clearance and a great market worldwide.
KEYWORDS : Immunization, syringe systems, needle stick injuries, propel, sterility.
70. SELF EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: APPLICATIONS IN ENHANCEMENT OF BIOAVAILABILITY OF

POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS
S. Satya Pravallika, S.N.H.Pratap.
The formulation of self emulsifying drug delivery system is to enhance the solubility and increase
the bio-availability of drugs .About 40% of present available drugs show poor aqueous solubility and
bioavailability. These drugs can formulated into SEDDS in order to enhance thier biopharmaceutical
properties. SEDDS are the oral drug delivery systems comprises of mixture of oil, surfactant, co solvent or co-
surfactant. Administration of drugs through SEDDS remains entrapped/ solublized in oil face of emulsion i.e.,
formed in the gastro intestinal track upon self emulsification leads to increase solubility and absorption and
bioavailability. The drugs which come under BCS class II & IV can be formulated into SEDDS. Characterization
of SEDDS is done by Ternary phase diagram, droplet size analysis and particle size measurement, Zeta
potential, emulsification rate, visual evaluation. SEDDS can be formulated into various dosages form i.e.,
Capsules i.e., hard gelatin and soft gelatin capsules tables include sustained and controlled release tablets,
solid dispersion. Pulmonary delivery and parental delivery is also available. The Application of the SEEDS
include Protection against bio-degradation, Improvement in solubility & bioavailability controlling the release
of drugs. SEEDS reduces the GI irritation of the drugs and can also be subsequently absorbed through
lymphatic pathways
71. NOVEL PARADIGMS IN MUCOADHESIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
CO GUIDE: DR. VEERA RAGHAVULU BITRA . –KUSMITHA PRIYA .P
ABSTRACT
Mucoadhesion is a field of current interest in the design of drug delivery systems. Mucoadhesion is commonly
defined as the adhesion between two materials, at least one of which is a mucosal surface. Mucoadhesive drug
delivery system may be designed to enable prolonged residence time of the dosage form at the site of
application or absorption and facilitate an intimate contact of the dosage form with the underline absorption
surface. Extending the residence time of a dosage form at a particular site and controlling the release of drug
from the dosage form are useful especially for achieving controlled plasma level of the drug as well as
improving bioavailability. Application of these dosage forms to mucosal surfaces may be of benefit to drug
molecules not amenable to the oral route, such as those that undergo acid degradation or extensive first-pass
metabolism. The present review describes mucoadhesion, mucoadhesive polymers and use of these polymers
in designing different types of mucoadhesive gastrointestinal, nasal, ocular, vaginal and rectal drug delivery
systems. The research on mucoadhesives, however, is still in its early stage, and further advances need to be
made for the successful translation of the concept into practical application in controlled drug delivery.
Key words : Mucoadhesion , Mucoadhesive Delivery System, Mucoadhesive Polymers
SRI SIVANI COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
ABSTRACT
72. In vivo antiarthritic activity of the powdered seeds of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) in arthritic patients
Rheumatoid arthritis is basically an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of joints
and other areas of the body. It is known to affect people of all ages but the main cause of rheumatoid arthritis
is still not known precisely among individuals. In RA the joints are damaged to a huge extent that ultimately
leads to its destruction and deformity. Although RA has no proper cure it can be treated well under good
medications with sufficient rest and regular exercises and occasionally surgery. The greatest disadvantage in
the presently available potent synthetic drugs lies in their toxicity and reappearance of symptoms after
discontinuation. With limitations of existing drug molecules herbal drugs are gaining interest among RA
patients. Medicinal plants are plants containing inherent active ingredients used to cure disease or relieve
symptoms of arthritis. The aim of this review is to update information on RA including causes, epidemiology,
prevalence, symptoms and diagnosis, classification, medications, toxicities of allopathic anti-rheumatic drugs
and importance of herbal drugs for the management of RA. The present review also focuses on the
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) seeds that interact with the mediators of inflammation and are used in the
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
BANDANA GUPTHA
K. NIRAJA
A.MOUNIKA
73. SMART CONTACT LENS SENSOR FOR DIABETIC AND GLAUCOMA DIAGNOSIS
V. Swapna*, B. Srilakshmi, P. Sulochana and S. Rajeswari

Maharajah's College of Pharmacy
Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh.
Abstract: Diabetes is a potentially devastating disease with no known cure. Two types of diabetes were
diagnosed Type I and Type II. In Type I diabetes Insulin is not properly produced by pancreas whereas in Type
II diabetes insulin is produced but is not effectively used by the body. It is estimated that 1.5 million deaths in
2012 were directly caused by diabetes and has been predicted that this disease will be the 7th leading cause of
death in 2030. Scientists have developed a new smart contact lens with built-in wireless sensors that may help
diagnose diabetes, glaucoma and other health conditions. Using this sensor, patients with diabetes and
glaucoma may one day be able to self-monitor blood glucose levels and intraocular pressure. The design of
the prototype is based on a small electrochemical glucose sensor which is sandwiched between two layers of
hydrogel matrix. The sensor is connected to a tiny battery and a wireless chip that are mounted on to an
electronic ring that avoids the iris and pupil damage. A small pinhole in the lens allows tears to seep into the
sensor, generating blood glucose readings that can be transmitted to a smart phone device using an antenna and
the technology known as radio frequency technology.
74. MICRO ROBOTICS IN

DRUG DELIVERY
M. PRAGATHI*, K. TEJASWINI, D. PREMDAS.
K.J.R COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, BURUGUPUDI, RAJAHMUNDRY.

A magnetically controlled 940 µm micro robot one day could be used for minimally invasive surgery or as a
drug delivery device. Designed for in situ operation, the device is magnetically controlled: tune the magnetic
frequency of the external field to 2 kilohertz and you will vibrate a motor that controls a small syringe; tune to
3 kilohertz and you are driving a pump that injects drugs into the vessel. Moreover, the device can be introduced
into blood, for a body voyage.
The minimally invasive robot is particularly well-suited to navigate through
AN INSIGHT PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILING OF LIPID BASED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

M. Yuvaraju*, D.Divya ,B.Rahul, T.Sri Sowkhya
KJR College of Pharmacy, Burugupudi, Andhra pradesh
Abstract:
Novel technologies are tailored to improve the bioavailability of BCS class II & IV drugs. Lipid-based drug
delivery systems are one of the efficient methods to compete for the challenge of drug pharmacokinetic profile.
LBDDS mainly focuses on self-emulsifying lipid-based formulation; vesicular system and lipid particulate
system as well as their prominent application in pharmaceutical drug delivery. Formulation approaches include
spray drying; spray congealing, adsorption on to the solid carrier, supercritical fluid technology and melt
granulation technique. Encapsulating or solubilizing the drug in lipid excipients can lead to improved
solubilization and absorption, resulting in enhanced bioavailability. In addition, lipid-based formulations have
been shown to reduce the toxicity of drugs. Bioavailability enhancement can be achieved by the enzyme and/or
efflux inhibition, modification of absorption route. In this review, we discuss the establishment and ongoing
development of manufacturing technology for lipid-based drug delivery systems for enhancing solubility and
bioavailability.
the blood vessels of the heart or the fluids located behind the eye, nose, and in the ear to diagnose and treat
disease, resulting in less injury and a faster recovery time for patients.
75. CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY USING MICROFLUIDIC PLATFORM

*Jagarapu Venkata Durga
VISWANADHA INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
ABSTRACT
Controlled drug delivery aims to deliver drugs to the target sites at desired rates and time,
thus enhancing the drug efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability while maintaining minimal side effects.
Due to a number of unique advantages of the recent microfluidic lab-on-a-chip technology. Drugs can be
efficiently delivered to the target sites at desired rates in a well-controlled manner by microfluidic platforms
via integration, implantation, localization, automation, and precise control of various microdevice parameters.
Microfluidics can be separated into four major categories namely drug carrier-free microreservoir-based drug
delivery systems, highly integrated carrier-integrated microfluidic systems and microneedles. Microfluidic
technologies employ nano and microscale fabrication techniques to develop highly controllable and
reproducible fluidic microenvironment. Utilizing microfluidics, lead compounds can be produced with the
controlled physicochemical properties, characterized in a high–throughput fashion , and evaluated in invitro
biomimetic models of human organs; organ-on- a-chip. As a step forward from conventional invitro culture
methods, microfluidics shows promise in effective preclinical testing of nanoparticle-based drug delivery. This
review presents a curated selection of state-of-the-art microfluidic platforms focusing on the fabrication,
characterization and assessment of nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. We also discuss the current
challenges and future prospects of nanoparticle drug delivery development using microfluidics.
76.Recent Advances of Hydrogel Drug Delivery System
Abstract
A.Varudhini *,I.Bhargavi,K.Leela Prasanthi,M.Sai Lakshmi
Mail.i.d: ibhargavi112398@gmail.com
Bhaskara Institute of Pharmacy, Bobbili.
Hydrogels are turning out to be very popular because of their distinctive properties such as high water content,
flexibility, elasticity and biocompatibility. Natural as well as synthetic hydrophilic polymers can be physically
or chemically cross-linked in order to fabricate Hydrogels. Their close similarity to living tissue opens up many
prospects for applications in biomedical field. Presently, Hydrogels are being employed for the fabrication of
contact lenses, various hygienic products, tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery systems and wound
dressings. The objective behind this review is to present a study of their main characteristics and biomedical
uses.
Keywords: Hydrogel, biomedical, drug delivery, classification, wound dressing
78. NIOSOMES :A NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
M.SAILAJA*,A.VIJAYA LAKSHMI
Mail i.d: rambabumullu81063@gmail.com
BHASKARA INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY,KOMATIPALLI,BOBBILI.
ABSTRACT
Niosome are non-ionic surfactant vesicles obtained on hydration of synthetic nonionic surfactants, with or
without incorporation of cholesterol or their lipids. They are vesicular systems similar to liposomes that can be
used as carriers of amphiphilic and lipophilic drugs. Noisome are promising vehicle for drug delivery and being
non-ionic; and Niosomes are biodegradable, biocompatible nonimmunogenic and exhibit flexibility in their
structural characterization. Niosomes have been widely evaluated for controlled release and targeted delivery
for the treatment of cancer, viral infections and other microbial diseases. Niosomes can entrap both hydrophilic
and lipophilic drugs and can prolong the circulation of the entrapped drug in body. Encapsulation of drug in
vesicular system can be predicted to prolong the existence of drug in the systemic circulation and enhance
penetration into target tissue, perhaps reduce toxicity if selective uptake can be achieved.
Key words:Non-ionic Surfactant,Amphiphilic,Biodegradable.
79.Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Leading to Non-Compliance towards Anti-Tuberculosis
Treatment
*1
V.Chiranjeevi, 2Dr.G.V.Nagaraju.
*1, 2
Department of pharmacy practice, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Korangi, Kakinada.
Abstract
The incidence of Tuberculosis (TB) has revived and has become one of the emergent causes of tension in the
health care sector especially in the tropical countries causing huge number of deaths. Non-adherence to the TB
control program ms is also one of the serious issues. A cross-sectional research determined for the
investigations of the restricted compliance with anti-TB treatment in the patients of TB was conducted in 2015
targeting the Gujranwala. Research sample was 200 patients including 100 TB cases with default treatment
record and remaining hundred were treatment compliers. Interview were conducted for the collection of data
and also consulted the clinical investigations. Every patient showed an improvement, adverse drug effects and
significant non-compliance reasons. Awareness in the patients is very much required about the duration of
treatment and outcomes if treatment is not completed. Serious patients should be treated by keeping them under
supervision so that adverse effect managed effectively. There is need to improve the diagnostic capability of
health care centers so that patients were properly diagnosed and treated.
Key words: Tuberculosis, patients,Treatment, TB control program
81. DRUG TARGETING TO CANCER TISSUES USING NOVEL STRATEGIES
G.Sandeep Ganesh *, S.N.H.Pratap
Cancer includes a range of diseases that arise as a result of the unregulated growth of malignant cells,which
have potential to invade other body parts . Primarly conventional drug delivery system was used in treatment
now the nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving domain as it solves various issues associated with conventional
drug therapy .These nanoparticles can be used in targeted drug delivery designed to assist therapeutic agents
to pass through biological barriers . Cancer chemoresistance which is accountable for most failure cases in
cancer therapy , is a phenomenon in which cancer cells that are initially suppressed by an anticancer drug
develop resistance towards the particular drug . For this reason novel drug delivery system with better targeting
ability are needed for cancer prevention . The emergence of nanotechnology has had a profound impact on
clinical therapeutics in general in last two decades. Nanopartcles have been of significant interest over the last
decade as they offer great benefits for drug delivery to overcome limitations in conventional chemotherapy .
They can not only be formed in a range of sizes (1-1000nm) but also be made using a variety of materials
including polymers ,proteins, lipids, organic and inorganic particles have been employed for development of
cancer therapeutics. Their advantages include enhancing solubility of hydrophobic drugs, prolonging
circulation time, minimizing non specific uptake, preventing undesirable off-target and side effects , improving
intracellular penentration, and allowing for specific cancer targeting.
82. FORMULATION AND EVALUTION OF METRONIDAZOLE IN SITU ORAL FLOATING GEL

G. Adilakshmi*1, P.Ratna kumari1
1
Koringa College of Pharmacy, Tallarevu-533461, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh
ABSTRACT:
The aim of the present work envisaged ‘preparation and evaluation of gastric specific floatable in-situ gel of
Metronidazole for sustained drug delivery’ for the patient and improved therapeutic performance of the drug
over conventional dosage forms. Formulation containing Sodium alginate (0.5-3%) was prepared with Calcium
carbonate acts as Cross linking agent, Sodium alginate acts as natural biodegradable polymer and HPMC.
Optimized formulations F4 (2%Sodium alginate), F5 (2%Sodium alginate), F6 (2%Sodium alginate) were
liquid before ingestion and undergo rapid gelation. The system utilizes polymers that exhibit sol-to-gel phase
transition due to change in specific physico – chemical parameters. The formulations were subjected for
preliminary evaluation such as visual appearance, PH and drug content. All formulations were found to be
clear, PH 7.1-7.4,Drug content was found within 92-98% in all formulations. In vitro release from the
formulation was studied for 8 hrs exhibited sustained drug delivery. Release kinetics studies for in situ floatable
gels followed first order. Higuchi matrix equation confirmed the release was diffusion controlled. Korsemeyer
– peppas ‘n’ value of 0.987 indicated that the formulation containing 2.5% of Sodium alginate control the
release of drug for longer duration.Hence from the above results we can conclude that it is possible to formulate
gastric specific floatable in –situ gel of Metronidazole using natural biodegradable polymer Sodium alginate
and HPMC.
Key words: Sodium alginate, in-situ gel, metronidazole.
E-Mail : ratnakumari022@gmail.com
83. FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF

METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
K.John Vijay*, Surendranath Betala1
Sri Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Tadepalligudem,Andrapradesh
ABSTRACT
Metformin Hydrochloride is an anti-hyperglycemic agent used in Type-2 diabetes. It is highly soluble in water.
It is an orally administered drug with biological half-life of1.5-4.5 hours. Dose of this drug is 1.5-2.0gms a day
used according to the severity of disease. It also showed uneven absorption in presence and absence of food (it
is advisable to take the drug along with food).Till recent time there is no controlled release tablets of this drug
available in the market. Thus controlled release matrix tablets of present drug was prepared and evaluated to
provide controlled release of drug from the matrices thereby to maintain a desired drug concentration in plasma
which is the primary objective of any therapeutic dosage form. This can also encounters the existing drawbacks
such as local adverse effects, uneven absorption of this drug. The effects of some selected polymers on release
profile of the drug from their systems have been investigated. The drug was fabricated with polymers such as
HPMCK100M,guar gum and combination of guar gum – HPMC K 100M. Tablets prepared by direct
compression method and both pre-compressive and post-compressive parameters for all batches shown in the
acceptable ranges. Short term accelerated stability studies was performed according to ICH guidelines
Key words: Anti-hyperglycemic, controlled release, matrix tablets.
84. FORMULATION AND EVALUTION OF ORAL CONTROLLED DRUGDELIVERY OF

PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE
P.Rohini kumar* , B.Surendranath1 .
*1Sri, Vasavi Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ,Tadepalligudem A.P.
ABSTRACT
Formulated and evaluated an osmotic drug delivery system of Propranolol Hydrochloride drug. Propranolol
Hydrochloride is a class1 drug and hence rapidly absorbed and which shows quick shorter action hence it is
formulated as controlled release formulation. Core tablet of Propranolol Hydrochloride was prepared using
Sodium Acetate, KCl, Mannitol, PVPk30, MCC, Talc and Magnesium stearate. These tablets were prepared
by wet granulation method in different compositions. All the ingredients and drug were accurately weighed
and mixed in mortar with a pestle for 10 minutes to get uniform mix. The drug blend was granulated with
sufficient quantity of PVP K30 which was dissolved in Isopropyl alcohol. The granules were dried at 60º C in
hot air oven for 6 hrs and pass through sieve no: 20. The dried granules were mixed with Magnesium Stearate
and Talc for 3min. the blended powder was then compressed by using compression machine. The tablets of
selected batch was coated with coating solution Cellulose Acetate, Castor oil and PEG400.The observed results
reveals that osmotic agents have significant effect on drug release up to 12 hrs in successful development of
osmotic pump tablets containing Propranolol Hydrochloride by using Sodium Acetate, KCl and Mannitol as
key exipients.
Key words: Propranolol Hydrochloride, Osmotic drug delivery, Osmotic agents, Castor oil, PVP K30, PEG400.
85. CANCER THERAPY BY NANOPARTICLES
DR.B.VEERA RAGHAVULU*, P.Sushma Kumari* ,K.J.V.Haneesha.
Assistant professor, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical sciences,
Visakhapatnam.
ABSTRACT:
Cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal cell growth which invades other parts of the body.
Each year high numbers of deaths has been reported due to cancer. Current treatment for various cancers
include surgery, radiation, hormone therapy and chemotherapy. Although these conventional therapies have
improved patients survival, they also have several limitations. Nanoparticles are particles between one and
hundred nanometers in size. The aims of nanoparticle entrapment of drugs are enhanched delivery to, or uptake
by, target cells and these are being increasingly used in drug delivery systems. The advantages of nanoparticles
over chemotherapy is to protect drugs from being degraded in the body before their reach their target , and also
enhance the absorption of drugs into tumors and into cancerous cells themselves. Allow for better control over
the timing and distribution of drugs to the tissue. Nanoparticles appear to be unique viable approach for
combating problems, such as poor bioavailability to avoid reticulo-endothelial system and to achieve site-
specific delivery to the tumor site.The research aimed towards achieving specific and targeted delivery of anti-
cancer agent.
Key words: Nanoparticles, Cancer Chemotherapy, Drug delivery system
86.FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IMIPRAMINE BUCCAL FILMS FOR ENCHANCED BIO

AVAILABILITY
Y. SARANYA*, T.MEHAR SWATHI1, KISHORE KUMAR CH2
ORGANISATION: SRI SIVANI COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, CHILAKAPALEM, SRIKAKULAM, A.P.
EMAIL: kish.mammu143@gmail.com Contact details- 9581534346, 8897842563
ABSTRACT
Traditional oral dosage forms prone to first pass metabolism and degradation due to enzymes but mucoadhesive
films able to bypass first pass metabolism also offers more patient compliance.Buccal drug delivery system is
painless, precise dosage form, facilitates ease of removal. Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that provides local
anesthetic effects by blocking the sodium channels.It inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin almost
equally. The aim of this work is to design Imipramine muco-adhesive buccal films using muco-adhesive polymers,
widely employed for the successful treatment of depression, psychotic conditions, facial pain and dental pain
management. Imipramine buccal films were prepared using HPMC in different proportions in combination with
glycerin as plasticizer, acetone as solvent.The invitro release of Imipramine from the F2 to F4 was in the range of
70 to 96 % in 80 min in phosphate buffer solution pH6.6. Among all F6 is the optimized formulation.Films did
not show any cracks even after folding for more than 300 times. The surface pH of all patches was within ± 0.3
units of the neutral pH and hence no mucosal irritation is expected. The films exhibited satisfactory characteristics
regarding integrity, flexibility,dispersion of drug and other quality control parameters.Ultimately patient compliance
is achieved.
Key Words: Imipramine, Oral Drug Delivery, Buccal Films, Bioadhesion, solvent casting method
87. RECENT TRENDS AND FUTURE OF PHARMACEUTICAL PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY
*Nanduri Ramya pavani
ABSTRACT
The pharmaceutical packaging market is constantly advancing it has experienced annual growth of atleast five
percent per annum in the past few years. The market is now estimated to be worth over $20 billion per year.
As with most other packaged goods, pharmaceuticals need reliable and speedy packaging solutions that deliver
a combination of product protection, quality, temper evidence , patient comfort and security needs , constant
innovations in the pharmaceuticals themselves impulse chemical vapour deposition (PICVD) coating
technology Blow –film-seal technology is the process by which plastic containers are formed , filled with sterile
filtered product and sealed in an uninterrupted sequence of operations within the controlled sterile environment
of a single machine. This blow- fill-seal has many advantages over conventional aseptic filling of preformed
containers. snap off syringes and child-resistant packs have a direct impact on the packaging. The review details
several of the recent pharmaceutical packaging trends that are impacting packaging industry, and offers some
predictions for the future.
88. ROLE OF CARBON NANOTUBES IN NANOBIOMOLECULES

*Akkireddy Renuka
ABSTRACT
Carbon nanotubes is a fullerence molecule, described in 1991 by the japanese scientist ''Sumio Iijima'' as tube-
shaped of graphitic carbon , can be obtained either single or multi walled nanotube , having the diameter
measuring on the nanometer scale , and generally known as buckytubes . The development of nanomedicine
is based primarily on the development of smart and multi- functional nanomaterials that can serve under the
different clusters including drug delivery systems , diagnostics , and regenerative medicine . Recently, carbon
nanotubes [CNTs] have received enormous attention due to their extraordinary properties . CNTs have a wide
range of application's and are used in a variety of products thus exposure to CNTs have become unavoidable,
which may prompt an inflammatory response . The present topic focused on studying CNTs especially
addressing the key challenges highlighted by the food and drug administration and the alliance for nano-health,
including imaging, biodistribution, interaction with biological environment, and predictive modeling . Further
functionalization enhanced the water solubility of CNTs and completely transformed their biocampatibility
profile . Carbon nanotubes, due to their large surface areas, unique surface properties, and needle- like shape,
can deliver alot of therapeutic agents, including DNA, siRNAs and proteins to the target disease sites . CNTs
can be readily excreted through the renal route by means of degradation through myeloperoxidase[MOP]
enzyme. The unique and unusual properties of these structures make them a unique material with a whole range
of promising applications .
3. ADVANCED METHODS IN CANCER TREATMENT
Andhra University College of pharmaceutical sciences, Visakhapatnam.

u.srinivas guide by Dr. A.ANNAPURNA
Pharma D (Prof.in pharmacology A.U)
Abstract
According to Indian council of medical research (ICMR) India is likely to have 17.3 lakh new cases of cancer
and 8.8 lakh deaths due to the cancer by 2020. cancer is genetic disorder,
occurring from proto oncogenes are converted into oncogenes and in activation of tumor
suppressor genes. Widely available treatment methods for cancer are surgery, radio therapy,
chemo therapy. These three methods are proceeding after formation of tumor only. 98% of
chemotherapy treatment was fails to treat cancer, but around the world all physicians are
trying to prolong the patient’s life only. First chemotherapy was started in 1940”s, but
for chemotherapy failure are multi drug resistant, increased efflux of drug, increased tolerance
to DNA damage, high antiapoptopic potential. By adopting new to new methods like nano
technology, gene therapy, CAR-T cell therapy, immune therapy we can treat the cancer at
genetic level. So effective treatment was possible
Key words Proto oncogenrs, Tumor suppressor genes, Gene therapy, Nano technology,
Multi drug resistant, Anti apoptotic potential.
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEASE PRODUCING BACTERIA AND EVALUATION OF

ISOLATED PROTEASE FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS
Togaru Lakshmi*1, Devarapalli Kezia2, Thadikamala Sathish1

1
Koringa college of Pharmacy, Korangi, Kakinada-533461, A.P, India.
2
Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka,
Hyderabad-500607, T.S, India.
Abstract
Proteases are the most studied microbial enzymes at commercial, industrial pharmaceutical,
analytical, diagnostic, effluent abatement, etc sectors. Among all proteases, alkaline proteases revealed highest
industrial application potential with 60% of market share of world protease sales. In the present study more
than 70 different bacterial strains capable of producing protease enzyme were isolated using casienolytic
technique. One of them showing high protease activity was designated as DKMNR. Based on biochemical
properties the strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The 16s rRNA analysis also revealed that the isolated
strain belongs to Bacillus subtilis family. Hence the isolated strain was designated as Bacillus subtilis DKMNR.
Crude extracellular protease was purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation and Sephadex G-100 column
chromatography. SDS-PAGE and zymography analysis revealed that this protease was monomeric in nature
and has molecular weight of 43.0 kDa. This protease has high specificity for casein compared to BSA, egg
albumin and gelatin. The enzyme is thermostable and revealed optimum activity at 70 oC with Km and Vmax
values of 0.7614 μmol.min-1 and 2582 mg.ml-1, respectively. The enzyme revealed excellent stability and
compatibility towards the detergents, oxidizing, metal ion containing different additives. Dehairing studies
revealed effective dehairing within 10-15 h of incubation without supplementation of sulphate ions and lime.
Blood, egg yolk, chocolate stain removal studies suggested that the enzyme effectively dissolved the stains
indicating its application potential in leather processing and detergent industries in eco-friendly manner.
Keywords: Protease, Molecular identification, Enzyme kinetics, Stain removal, Thermostable, Detergent.
3. EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE AQUEOUS AND

CHLOROFORM EXTRACTS OF LEAVES OF COUROUPITA GUIANENSIS BY WELL
DIFFUSION METHOD
T.Raveendra*, P.Raja Praveen Kumar Uppala**,Asst.Prof, Dept of pharmacology
Bhaskara Institute of Pharmacy,Komatipalli,Bobbili,Vizianagaram.

Praveen.chintu32@gmail.com, Mob- 9441479276
Abstract
Objective: To investigate Antimicrobial activity (Antibacterial, Antifungal) of the Aqueous and
Chloroform Extracts of Leaves of Couroupita guianensis by Well Diffusion Method
Methods: The Antimicrobial activity (Antibacterial, Antifungal) of the Aqueous and Chloroform
Extracts of Leaves of Couroupita guianensis by Well Diffusion Method and the results were compared
for the both extracts. Antibacterial activity is compared with standard antibiotic Penicillin (10mg/ml)
and antifungal activity is compared with standard antibiotic Clotrimazole (10mg/ml).
Results: The chloroform extract of Couroupita guianensis showed better activity against the fungus
like Candida albicans with the zone of 4.36±0.84 followed by Aspergillus niger with zone of diameter
2.3127±0.668 and the aqueous extract shows better activity against the bacteria like, Staphylococcus
aureus zone of diameter is 2.2 Escherichia coli the zone of diameter 2.67. In the present study, both
in bacteria and fungi chloroform and aqueous extracts showed a varying degree of inhibition of the
growth against tested organism.
Conclusion: From the above finding concluding that, this study evaluated the inherent antifungal activity
of chloroform as well as the antifungal activity of aqueous extract of couroupita guianensis. From the
obtained results it can be concluded that although chloroform itself has antifungal activity, chloroform
extract of couroupita guianensis has a synergistic activity
Keywords: couroupita guianensis ,Candida albicans , Aspergillus niger , Staphylococcus aureus,
Escherichia coli
13. RECENT ADVANCES IN MICROSPONGE DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY:

B.MURALI KRISHNA, BHASKARA INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, BOBBILI
Mail i.d: mkrishna843@gmail.com,9440138408
ABSTRACT
Microsponges are at the forefront of the rapidly developing field of novel drug delivery
technology.Microsponge drug delivery technology holds a great promise for reaching the goal of controlled
and site-specific drug delivery and hence, has attracted wide attention of researchers. These Microsponges are
used in the sunscreens, creams, ointments, over the-counter skin care preparations, which are meant for topical
application. Microsponge drug delivery can provide increased efficacy for topically active agents with
enhanced safety, extended product stability. Therefore the key function of a topical delivery system is to
enhance the dermal permeability enabling it to cross the epidermis and retain in the dermis.
Keywords: Microsponges, Controlled release, Porous microspheres
14. Antidepressant Activity of Aqueous and Chloroform Extract of Leaves and shoots of Eicchornia
crassipes linn in mice
Porapu Raja*, Praveen Kumar Uppala**, Asst.Prof, Dept of Pharmacology.
Bhaskara Institute of Pharmacy, Komatipalli, Bobbili, Vizianagaram.
porapuraja@gmail.com, Mob: 8367544292
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE : To investigate antidepressant activity of aqueous and chloroform extract of Eicchornia

crassipes shoots and leaves in mice
METHOD:
The anti depressant activity of aqueous and chloroform extract of Eicchornia crassipes
plant leaves and shoots were tested by forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) in albino mice
and the result were compared for the both extracts. Imipramine was used as the standard drug for comparison.
RESULT :
Phytochemical
screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, protiens, phenols, saponins. AEEC (Aqueous extract
of Eicchornia crassipes) and CEEC(Chloroform extract of Eicchornia crasspies) did not produce any lethal
effect even upto 2000mg/kg P.O during acute oral toxicity study. In FST and TST, CEEC showed diminition
of duration of immobility time in 2000mg/kg but not in 100mg/kg.
CONCLUSION:
From the above finding concluding that shortening of immobility of time in FST and TST
indicating CEEC showed more antidepressant activity acting either by the enhancement of central 5-HT,
catecholamine neurotransmission compared to CEEC in mice.
KEYWORDS: Eicchornia crassipes

Chloroform extract of Eicchornia crassipes
Aqueous extract of Eicchornia crassipes
Forced swim test
Tail suspension test

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